Ij`rf @ecpmffb ]QN Hvjd Hkjtjfg

@fpyrjnet © =1=1 Gfce Qctthrsfg
JPMG? :>:5<5;8<8<;: 
:>:5<5;8<8<;: 

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Khcte Bgjnet Crtwfrb @fpyrjnet © Qctrj`b H.

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Khifg Crtwfrb @fpyrjnet © Khcg Pphg`hr Crt

Kjrh Hdl Crtwfrb @fpyrjnet © Khcg Pphg`hr Crt

Ph`tjfg 38 Crtwfrb @fpyrjnet © Qctrj`b H.

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Ph`tjfg 3> Crtwfrb @fpyrjnet © Qctrj`b H.

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0
 

 
Ljgk us fg Krjvh[eru ]QN!

;
 

P[FQ!
KFG‚[ MXZ [EJP MFFB!
Ct dhcst, gft yht.

[eh mcsj` rudhs lfr teh Ij`rf @ecpmffb ]QN

systhi `cg mh kfwgdfckhk lfr L]HH jg cgy
Ij`rf @ecpmffb terfune Krjvh[eru]QN.`fi.
Hc`e stcgk cdfgh @ecpmffb jg`dukhs teh
`fipdhth rudhs lfr yfu tf pdcy teh ncih.

^jte tectcdsf
]udhmffb jg ijgk, tejscdd
`fgtcjgs Khduxh Hkjtjfg
teh rudhs yfu@frh
ghhk
tf pdcy teh ncih pdus c lhw ckkjtjfgs. Zfu‚dd
gftj`h sumtdh kjllhrhg`hs ehrh cgk
tehrh--mut fvhrcdd teh ncih js teh scih fgh
yfu‚vh `fih tf bgfw.

Hvhg wjte teh sumtdh kjllhrhg`hs, tejs mffb js

`fipdhthdy `fipctjmdh wjte CGZ cgk CDD
@ecpmffb P`hgcrjfs. Jg lc`t, tejs mffb
jg`dukhs cg frjnjgcd @ecpmffb P`hgcrjf tf
nht yfu stcrthk. Clthr tect, yfu `cg kfwgdfck
cgy guimhr fl lrhh prfku`ts jg teh Ij`rf
@ecpmffb djgh lfr lurtehr s`hgcrjfs cgk
ckvhgturhs.

8
 

@fgthgts  
3.1? ^ect js Ij`rf @ecpmffb ]QN Hvjd Hkjtjfg6
=.1? ^ect Kf J Ghhk [f Qdcy6
0.1? Ncihpdcy Mcsj`s
;.1? @ecrc`thr @rhctjfg
8.1? @ecrc`thr Ptcts
<.1? Hvjd @ecrc`thr @dcsshs
>.1? Hvjd @ecrc`thr ]c`hs
5.1? Ehcdte, ^jddpfwhr, KIN, cgk @frruptjfg
:.1? ^hcpfgs
31.1? Crifr cgk Jthis
33.1? Nhghrctjgn ]ffis
3=.1? Kffrwcys
30.1? ]ffi [yphs
3;.1? Ifgsthrs
38.1? @fimct Qrf`hkurh
3<.1? Mrcvhry
3>.1? ]cgnhk @fimct
35.1? Ihdhh @fimct
3:.1? ]uggjgn Cwcy
=1.1? [rhcsurh ]fdds
=3.1? [eh Mfss Ifgsthr
==.1? Mc`btrc`bjgn
=0.1? Dhvhdjgn Xp
=;.1? @frruptjfg
=8.1? @rjijgcd @efj`hs
=<.1? [eh Ocjd
=>.1? [eh Mdhcb [fwhr
=5.1? Qdcyjgn wjte c Ncih Icsthr

<
 

Ph`tjfg 3.1
 ^ect js c Ij`rf @ecpmffb ]QN
Hvjd Hkjtjfg6

Mrutcd, kcrb, cgk uglfrnjvjgn, c vjddcjg‚s

djlh js ghvhr cg hcsy fgh.

[eh Ij`rf @ecpmffb ]QN systhi js cg

udtrc-sjipdh rfdhpdcyjgn ncih tect `cg mh
pdcyhk sfdf fr wjte c trckjtjfgcd NI jl yfu sf
wjse. [eh H\JD HKJ[JFG js teh sh`fgk Khduxh
@frh ]udhmffb lfr teh kcrb lcgtcsy vhrsjfg fl
teh systhi.

[eh icjg ncih lf`ushs fg sfdjtcjrh ncihpdcy,

stcrrjgn c sjgndh pfwhr eugnry vjddcjg. Jt
ushs rcgkfidy nhghrcthk kugnhfg s`hgcrjfs tf

icbh hc`e ncih shssjfg c djttdh kjllhrhgt.

>
 

[eh ugjvhrsh lfr tejs ncih js mrutcd,

uglfrnjvjgn, cgk kcrb. Jt tcbhs gfths lrfi
su`e `dcssj`s cs Kugnhfg Suhst cgk Khctetrcp
Kugnhfg. Hxph`t tf kjh cgk kjh flthg.

^ect js teh kjllhrhg`h mhtwhhg tejs mffb cgk

teh prhvjfus Khduxh @frh ]udhmffb6 [ejs mffb
lf`ushs fg pdcyjgn hvjd cgk vjddcjgfus
`ecrc`thrs. [ehsh `ecrc`thrs wjdd thgk tf mh
ifrh pfwhrlud tecg yfur gfricd nffkehcrthk
ehrf. Efwhvhr, mhjgn hvjd ecs jts krcwmc`bs.
Qhrsfgcd `frruptjfg `cg icbh yfu rft jgsjkh
cgk fut, gft tf ihgtjfg icbh yfu cg fut`cst fl
sf`jhty.

[ejs `frh rudhmffb lhcturhs cdd ghw H\JD

`dcsshs cgk rc`hs. Pph`jcd kcrb pfwhrs sht
tehsh `ecrc`thrs cpcrt.

Fl `fursh, tehrh js gftejgn scyjgn tect cgy

ftehr rc`h lrfi ftehr ncihmffbs jg teh systhi
`cggft cdsf mh hvjd. F] tect teh rc`hs
jg`dukhk ehrh ijnet wfrb lfr c gfricd ehrfj`
`ecrc`thr.

[ejs mffb cdsf jg`dukhs ghw rudhs lfr

@frruptjfg, [ehlt, Jgtjijkctjfg, cgk ifrh.

5
 

Ph`tjfg =.1
 ^ect Kf J Ghhk tf Qdcy6

Jg frkhr tf pdcy Ij`rf @ecpmffb ]QN yfu wjdd

ghhk tf nctehr teh lfddfwjgn hcsy-tf-ljgk
jthis?

◆ = sjx-sjkhk kj`h
◆ C sehht fr gfthpck fl nrcpe pcphr (fr c
ncih ict wjte c nrjk)
◆ C @ecrc`thr Pehht (fr gfth pcphr)
◆ C phg`jd wjte c nffk hrcshr
◆ [ehsh rudhs fr cgy stcgk cdfgh `ecpmffb
s`hgcrjf.
◆ Hxtrc s`hgcrjfs cgk ifkudhs (fptjfgcd).
◆ Ij`rf @ecpmffb ]QN ncih suppdhihgts
(fptjfgcd).

:
 

Ph`tjfg 0.1
Ncihpdcy Mcsj`s

Kurjgn ncihpdcy,
yfu cdifst cdwcys
rfdd 3K<, tryjgn tf
s`frh hqucd tf fr
DF^H] tecg yfur
stct s`frh. Jl yfur
`ecrc`thr js
prflj`jhgt jg teh
stct mhjgn thsthk,
rfdd = kj`h cgk
tcbh teh mhtthr
rhsudt fl teh =. 3
cdwcys su``hhks. <
cdwcys lcjds. [ejs ih`ecgj` js ushk lfr cdd
tcsbs jg`dukjgn cttc`bjgn, cvfjkjgn trcps,
ugdf`bjgn kffrs, cgk ifst hvhrytejgn hdsh.

[eh fgdy tjih tejs js kjllhrhgt js wehg yfu

rfdd lfr kcicnh (hjtehr wehg khcdjgn whcpfg
kcicnh fr tcbjgn kcicnh lrfi c ifgsthr fr
trcp). Pfih kcicnh s`frhs icy csb yfu tf rfdd
3K= fr 3K0. 3K= ihcgs rfdd c K<. Fkks 9 3 cgk
Hvhgs 9 =. 3K0 ihcgs yfu rfdd c sjgndh K< cgk
ecdl teh rhsudt rfugkjgn up.

31
 

Ph`tjfg ;.1
@ecrc`thr @rhctjfg

@ecrc`thr `rhctjfg js `fipdhthk jg 8 vhry

sjipdh sthps?

3. Khth
Khthri
rijg
jghh [eh
[eh ; Ptct
Ptct P`fr
P`frhs
hs..
=. @eff
@effsh
sh c @ec
@ecrc
rc`t
`thr
hr @dcs
@dcss.
s.
0. @eff
@effsh
sh c @ecr
@ecrc`
c`th
thr
r ]c
]c`h
`h..
;. Khthr
Khthrijg
ijghh Zfur
Zfur Ptcrtj
Ptcrtjgn
gn Ehcdte
Ehcdte,,
^jddpfwhr, KIN, cgk @frruptjfg.
8. ]fdd
]fdd lfr
lfr Nfdk
Nfdk cgk
cgk Qur`ec
Qur`ecsh sh Jthis.
Jthis.

Hc`e sthp js hxpdcjghk jg lurtehr khtcjd jg

teh lfddfwjgn sh`tjfgs.

33
 

Ph`tjfg 8.1
@ecrc`thr Ptcts
 Zfur `ecrc`thr
`ecrc`thr ecs ;
icjg stctjstj`s?

Ptrhgnte (P[)? Xshk

lfr ihdhh cttc`bs
cgk mrhcbjgn kfwg
kffrs.

Khxthrjty (KH)? Xshk

lfr rcgnhk cttc`bs
cgk cvfjkjgn sfih
trcps.

^jts (^J)? Xshk lfr

kjscrijgn trcps cgk pj`bjgn df`bs.

@ecrjsic (@E)? Xshk lfr jg`rhcsjgn yfur

^jddpfwhr cgk sefwjgn yfur mrcvhry. 

Kurjgn `ecrc`thr `rhctjfg yfu crh nrcgthk >

pfjgts tf cssjng mhtwhhg teh ; stcts cs yfu shh
ljt. Gf stct `cg ecvh c s`frh dfwhr tecg 3 fr
ejnehr tecg ; kurjgn tejs sthp, mut tehsh icy
 mh cdthrhk dcthr
dcthr fg.

3=
 

Ph`tjfg <.1
Hvjd @ecrc`thr @dcsshs

[ehrh crh ; Hvjd @ecrc`thr @dcsshs tf `effsh

lrfi. Hc`e fgh wjdd icbh yfu Q]FLJ@JHG[ jg
fgh stct. Icrb teh `dcss yfu‚vh `efshg cgk teh
prflj`jhg`y fg yfur `ecrc`thr sehht.

Ckkjtjfgcddy, hc`e Hvjd @dcss fllhrs c [cdhgt

[rhh lfr yfu tf ush. Clthr yfu `effsh yfur
`dcss, ehck tf sh`tjfg <.3 fg [cdhgts tf ljgk
yfur [cdhgt [rhh cgk ugkhrstcgk teh
cmjdjtjhs tect icy mh cvcjdcmdh tf yfu cs yfu
prfnrhss.

[eh Hvjd @dcsshs crh cs lfddfws?

30
 

Khcte Bgjnet

Khcte Bgjnets crh wcrrjfrs fl kcrbghss. [ehy

ush cg cg`jhgt rjth fl mdffk icnj` tf mffst

tehjr cttc`bs cgk njvh tehi ugnfkdy strhgnte.

[ehy flthg wfrb cs ejrhk bjddhrs lfr wecthvhr
criy fr Dfrk pcys teh ifst, mut wfg‚t ehsjtcth
tf bjdd tehjr icsthr fr lhddfw wcrrjfrs jl
tehy shh ljt lfr fgh rhcsfg fr cgftehr.

Q]FLJ@JHG@Z? Ptrhgnte

3;
 

Mdc`b Csscssjg

Mdc`b Csscssjgs wfrb jg teh seckfws,

 mrjgnjgn
 mrjgnjg n khcte tf cgy tehy shh ugljt tf djvh.
[ehy kfg‚t kjs`rjijgcth mhtwhhg nffk cgk
hvjd, yfugn fr fdk, icdh fr lhicdh, rj`e fr
pffr. [ehy bjdd cgyfgh lfr c lhw `fjgs.

Q]FLJ@JHG@Z? Khxthrjty

38
 

 ^crdf`b

^crdf`b‚s crh icnj` ushrs wef sfdk tehjr

sfuds tf khifgj` fr ftehrwfrdkdy pfwhrs tf
ncjg teh ijnet fl icnj`cd cmjdjty. Hc`e fgh js
icrbhk my cg hvjd lc`h ht`ehk jgtf tehjr ecgk,
teh sfur`h fl tehjr icnj`cd `cstjgn cmjdjty,
cgk wfrb tf bhhp jt ejkkhg lrfi ftehrs ugtjd
teh rjnet tjih.

Q]FLJ@JHG@Z? ^jts
3<
 

Kcrb ^ejsphrhr

C Kcrb ^ejsphrhr js sfihfgh wef sphcbs tf teh

khck. [ehy bgfw wect hvjds dcy mhyfgk jg teh
ghxt djlh cgk ush tect bgfwdhknh tf `rhcth
`ecfs jg tejs fgh. [ehy `cg flthg mh lfugk jg
cssjstcg`h tf bjgns, jg `furts, cifgn
ijdjtcry dhckhrs, wejsphrjgn hvjds tf tehjr
hghijhs cgk krjvjgn tehi ick.

Q]FLJ@JHG@Z? @ecrjsic
3>
3>  
 

Ph`tjfg <.3 
Hvjd [cdhgts

Fg teh ghxt pcnhs yfu wjdd ljgk teh [cdhgt

[rhhs lfr hc`e `dcss cdfgn wjte khs`rjptjfgs
fl hc`e tcdhgt cvcjdcmdh tf yfu.

Hc`e sh`tjfg fl teh [cdhgt [rhh ecs c Dhvhd tf

jt (C`fdyth, Cpprhgtj`h, Qrflhssjfgcd, cgk
Icsthr). Zfu cdwcys mhnjg ct Dhvhd 3 (C`fdyth)
cgk `cg dhcrg teh stcrtjgn [cdhgt (ct teh
 mfttfi fl teh pcnh)
pcnh) my sphgkjgn
sphgkjgn 3 ^jddpfwhr
^jddpfwhr
cgk icbjgn c su``hsslud —[rcjgjgn’ rfdd. [eh
stct rhqujrhk tf dhcrg c sph`jlj` tcdhgt js
35
 

wecthvhr yfur `dcss prflj`jhg`y stct js. Jl

yfu lcjd teh rfdd, yfu icy cdwcys sphgk teh
^jddpfwhr tf try cncjg. Ljdd jg teh sicdd
`jr`dh fg teh [cdhgt Pehht tf sefw yfu‚vh
dhcrghk jt.

Dhcrgjgn Ghw [cdhgts?

Hvjd `ecrc`thrs ncjg c``hss tf ifrh tcdhgts

terfune jg`rhcsjgn tehjr `frruptjfg. [eh
ejnehr teh `frruptjfg, teh ifrh tcdhgts yfu
`cg ctthipt tf dhcrg.

^ehg yfur `frruptjfg js ejne hgfune, `effsh

c ghw [cdhgt tect js frtefnfgcddy ckoc`hgt tf
fgh [cdhgt yfu cdrhcky dhcrghk. [ejs ihcgs
yfu `cg dhcrg teh [cdhgt kjrh`tdy cmfvh,
 mhdfw, fr tf
tf hjtehr sjkh fl c `urrhgt [cdhgt
[cdhgt
yfu bgfw fg teh [cdhgt [rhh. Pphgk teh
^jddpfwhr @fst (wrjtthg jg teh sejhdk) lfr
tect [cdhgt cgk icbh teh [rcjgjgn @eh`b.

Jl yfu pcss, dhcrg teh ghw [cdhgt (ljdd jg teh

 mummdh). Jl
Jl yfu lcjd, yfu kfg‚t dhcrg
dhcrg teh
[cdhgt. Zfu `cg sphgk teh ^jddpfwhr tf
jiihkjcthdy try cncjg XGDHPP yfu crh jg c
kugnhfg. ^ehg yfu lcjd tf dhcrg c ghw tcdhgt
jg c kugnhfg, c ifgsthr wjdd rcgkfidy cpphcr

3:
 

tf cttc`b yfu. ]fdd fg teh ifgsthr `ecrt. Fgdy

clthr teh ifgsthr js khck `cg yfu try cncjg.

Xsjgn [cdhgts?

[f ush cgy tcdhgt, yfu iust ljrst sphgk teh

^jddpfwhr `fst gh`hsscry. [ejs js teh guimhr
jgsjkh teh sejhdk. Jl yfu kf gft ecvh hgfune
wjddpfwhr, yfu icy gft ush teh tcdhgt jg
quhstjfg. Jl lfr sfih rhcsfg teh cmjdjty
cttc`ehk tf teh tcdhgt lcjds tf wfrb, yfu KFG‚[
nht teh wjddpfwhr mc`b. Jt wcs ushk up.

=1
 

=3
 

 
Mjth  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd 3 [cdhgt P[]HGN[E 3

Mjth yfur fwg ecgk cgk dfsh 3 ehcdte. Zfur

ghxt ihdhh cttc`b khcds +3 kcicnh.

@ut  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd = [cdhgt P[]HGN[E =

@ut yfur ecgk, dfsjgn = ehcdte. Zfur ghxt

ihdhh cttc`b khcds +0 kcicnh.

Pdcse  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd 0 [cdhgt P[]HGN[E 0

Pdcse yfur cri, dfsjgn 0 ehcdte. Zfur ghxt

ihdhh cttc`b khcds +8 kcicnh.

Ncse  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd ; [cdhgt P[]HGN[E 8

@ut c mdffky ncse jgtf yfur `ehst, dfsjgn ;

ehcdte. Zfur ghxt ihdhh cttc`b khcds +>
kcicnh.

==
 

 
Mdffk Pejhdk  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd = [cdhgt P[]HGN[E =

@ut yfur ecgk, dfsjgn 3 ehcdte, tf `rhcth c

sejhdk fl mdffk jg lrfgt fl yfu. Zfu ghncth
teh ghxt 0 kcicnh `fijgn yfur wcy.

Mdffk Mcrrjhr  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd 0 [cdhgt P[]HGN[E 0

Pdcse yfur cri, dfsjgn 0 ehcdte, `rhctjgn c

 mcrrjhr fl
fl mdffk crfugk
crfugk yfu. Zfu ghnct
ghncth
h teh
ghxt < kcicnh `fijgn yfur wcy.

^cdd fl Mdffk  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd ; [cdhgt P[]HGN[E ;

@ut c mdffky ncse jgtf yfur `ehst, dfsjgn ;

ehcdte tf nhghrcth c tfwhrjgn wcdd fl mdffk.
 Zfu ghncth teh ghxt
ghxt 31 kcicnh `fijgn
`fijgn yfur
wcy.

=0
 

 
Pjp  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd = [cdhgt P[]HGN[E =

Clthr c mcttdh, yfu sjp teh mdffk fl yfur

hghiy cgk ncjg 3K0 ehcdte.

Krjgb  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd 0 [cdhgt P[]HGN[E 0

Clthr c mcttdh, yfu krjgb teh mdffk fl yfur

hghiy cgk ncjg 3K< ehcdte.

Nuzzdh  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd ; [cdhgt P[]HGN[E ;

Clthr c mcttdh, yfu nuzzdh teh mdffk fl yfur

hghiy cgk ncjg 3K< ehcdte.

=;
 

=8
 

Qfjsfg  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd 3 [cdhgt KHU[H]J[Z 3

[eh ghxt tjih cg hghiy khcds kcicnh tf yfu,

rfdd 3K<. Fg c 3, teh hghiy js pfjsfghk cgk
wjdd tcbh 3 kcicnh hvhry rfugk fl `fimct.

Qfjsfg Qjg  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd = [cdhgt KHU[H]J[Z =

[eh ghxt tjih cg hghiy khcds kcicnh tf yfu,

icbh c KH `eh`b tf stj`b tehi wjte c pfjsfg

pjg. Jl yfu pcss, teh hghiy js pfjsfghk cgk
wjdd tcbh = kcicnh hvhry rfugk fl `fimct.

Qfjsfg Kcnnhr  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd 0 [cdhgt KHU[H]J[Z 0

[eh ghxt tjih cg hghiy khcds kcicnh tf yfu,

icbh c KH `eh`b tf stcm tehi wjte c pfjsfg
kcnnhr. Jl yfu pcss, teh hghiy js pfjsfghk
cgk wjdd tcbh 0 kcicnh hvhry rfugk fl
`fimct. Zfu icy cdsf terfw teh pfjsfghk
kcnnhr lfr yfur ghxt rcgnhk cttc`b. Jl jt
ejts, rfdd 3K<. Fg c 3, teh hghiy js pfjsfghk.

=<
 

Qfjsfg Mdckh  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd ; [cdhgt KHU[H]J[Z 8

[eh ghxt tjih cg hghiy khcds kcicnh tf yfu,

icbh c KH `eh`b tf sdcse tehi wjte c pfjsfg
 mdckh. Jl yfu
yfu pcss, teh hg
hghiy
hiy js pfjsfghk
pfjsfghk cgk
wjdd tcbh ; kcicnh hvhry rfugk fl `fimct.
 Zfur ghxt ihdhh cttc`b
cttc`b wjdd cdsf pfssjmdy
pfssjmdy
jgldj`t pfjsfg. Jl jt ejts, rfdd 3K<. Fg c 3,
teh hghiy js pfjsfghk.

Pghcb  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd = [cdhgt KHU[H]J[Z =

Qrjfr tf `fimct, icbh c KH `eh`b. Jl yfu pcss,

yfu nht tf cttc`b teh ljrst rfugk wjtefut
hvhr tcbjgn cgy kcicnh.

Peckfw  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd 0 [cdhgt KHU[H]J[Z 0

Mhlfrh cgy rfugk fl `fimct, icbh c KH `eh`b.

Jl yfu pcss, yfu ihdt jgtf teh seckfws cgk
teh hghiy tejgbs yfu crh nfgh. Zfu nht tf
cttc`b tejs rfugk wjtefut hvhr tcbjgn cgy
kcicnh.

=>
 

 
Pghcb Cttc`b  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd ; [cdhgt KHU[H]J[Z ;

^ehg yfu ecvh su``hssluddy ushk sghcb fr

seckfw, yfu icy ush sghcb cttc`b. Zfur
cttc`bs tejs turg (mfte rcgnhk cgk ihdhh)
crh ickh ct -3. Jl yfur cttc`bs tejs rfugk
crh su``hsslud hc`e wjdd khcd kfumdh kcicnh
(trjpdh kcicnh jl yfu rfddhk c gcturcd 3 lfr
teh cttc`b rfdd).

Pwjlt  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd = [cdhgt KHU[H]J[Z =

Qrjfr tf cgy rfugk fl `fimct icbh c KH

`eh`b. Jl yfu pcss, yfu ifvh crfugk teh rffi
swjltdy. Cdd hghiy kcicnh js rhku`hk my =
tejs rfugk.

=5
 

 
Suj`b  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd 0 [cdhgt KHU[H]J[Z 0

Qrjfr tf cgy rfugk fl `fimct icbh c KH

`eh`b. Jl yfu pcss, yfu ifvh crfugk teh rffi
quj`bdy. Cdd hghiy kcicnh js rhku`hk my ;
tejs rfugk.

Jgvjsjmdh  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd ; [cdhgt KHU[H]J[Z ;

Qrjfr tf cgy rfugk fl `fimct icbh c KH

`eh`b. Jl yfu pcss, yfu ifvh sf lcst yfu crh
prc`tj`cddy jgvjsjmdh. Cdd hghiy kcicnh js
rhku`hk my < tejs rfugk.

=:
 

 
01
 

Iug`e  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd 3 [cdhgt ^J[P 3

Icbh cg ugcrihk ihdhh cttc`b usjgn ^j

jgsthck fl Pt. Jl yfu pcss, yfur ecgk iug`ehs
teh hghiy lfr 3 kcicnh cgk yfu ncjg 3
ehcdte.

Hct  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd = [cdhgt ^J[P =

Icbh cg ugcrihk ihdhh cttc`b usjgn ^j

jgsthck fl Pt. Jl yfu pcss, yfur ecgk tcbhs c
 mjth fut fl teh hghiy
hghiy lfr 3K0 kcicnh
kcicnh cgk yfu
ncjg tect iu`e ehcdte.

Lhcst  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd 0 [cdhgt ^J[P 0

Icbh cg ugcrihk ihdhh cttc`b usjgn ^j

jgsthck fl Pt. Jl yfu pcss, yfur ecgk lhcts fg
teh hghiy lfr 3K< kcicnh cgk yfu ncjg tect
iu`e ehcdte.

03
 

Nfrnh  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd ; [cdhgt ^J[P 8

Icbh cg ugcrihk ihdhh cttc`b usjgn ^j

jgsthck fl Pt. Jl yfu pcss, yfur ecgk lhcts fg
teh hghiy lfr =K< kcicnh cgk yfu ncjg tect
iu`e ehcdte.

[fu`e  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd = [cdhgt ^J[P =

Icbh cg ugcrihk ihdhh cttc`b usjgn ^j

jgsthck fl Pt. Jl yfu pcss, yfu tfu`e teh
hghiy lfr 3K= kcicnh cgk teh hghiy mcsh
E-KIN js rhku`hk my 3 tf c ijgjiui fl 3 lfr
3K= rfugks fl `fimct.

^ejtehr  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd 0 [cdhgt ^J[P 0

Icbh cg ugcrihk ihdhh cttc`b usjgn ^j

jgsthck fl Pt. Jl yfu pcss, yfu tfu`e teh
hghiy lfr 3K0 kcicnh cgk teh hghiy mcsh
E-KIN js rhku`hk my = tf c ijgjiui fl 3 lfr
3K0 rfugks fl `fimct.

0=
 

Gh`rfsjs  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd ; [cdhgt ^J[P ;

Icbh cg ugcrihk ihdhh cttc`b. Jl yfu pcss,

yfu tfu`e teh hghiy lfr 3K< kcicnh cgk teh
hghiy mcsh E-KIN js rhku`hk my 0 tf c
ijgjiui fl 3 lfr 3K< rfugks fl `fimct.

Quse  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd = [cdhgt ^J[P =

^ehg cg hghiy nfhs tf kcicnh yfu icbh c ^J

`eh`b. Jl yfu pcss, tehy khcd 3K= kcicnh tf
tehishdvhs jgsthck.

Jglduhg`h [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd 0 [cdhgt ^J[P 0

^ehg cg hghiy nfhs tf kcicnh yfu icbh c ^J

`eh`b. Jl yfu pcss, tehy khcd tect kcicnh tf
tehishdvhs jgsthck.

00
 

@fgtrfd  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd ; [cdhgt ^J[P ;

^ehg cg hghiy nfhs tf kcicnh yfu icbh c ^J

`eh`b. Jl yfu pcss, tehy khcd tect kcicnh x=
tf tehishdvhs jgsthck.

0;
 

 
08
 

^ejsphr  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd 3 [cdhgt @EC]JPIC 3

]jnet clthr c ihdhh cttc`b, icbh c @E `eh`b

tf wejsphr jg cg hghiy‚s hcr. Jl yfu pcss, teh
hghiy lrhcbs fut cgk ejts tehishdvhs lfr 3K=
kcicnh.

]uifr  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd = [cdhgt @EC]JPIC =

]jnet clthr c ihdhh cttc`b, icbh c @E `eh`b

tf wejsphr c ruifr jg cg hghiy‚s hcr. Jl yfu
pcss, teh hghiy lrhcbs fut cgk ejts
tehishdvhs lfr 3K0 kcicnh.

Djh  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd 0 [cdhgt @EC]JPIC 0

]jnet clthr c ihdhh cttc`b, icbh c @E `eh`b

tf wejsphr c djh jg cg hghiy‚s hcr. Jl yfu
pcss, teh hghiy lrhcbs fut cgk ejts
tehishdvhs lfr 3K< kcicnh.

0<
 

Khlcih  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd ; [cdhgt @EC]JPIC 8

]jnet clthr c rfugk fl `fimct, icbh c @E

`eh`b tf wejsphr jg cg hghiy‚s hcr
sfihtejgn khlcijgn tf tehi. Jl yfu pcss, teh
ifgsthr ejts tehishdl lfr =K< kcicnh. [ehg,
jl teh hghiy js stjdd cdjvh, rfdd 3K<. Fg c
3-0 teh hghiy s`rhcis fut cgk ldhhs.

Efrrfr  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd = [cdhgt @EC]JPIC =

]jnet clthr c su``hsslud mrcvhry `eh`b, icbh
c @E rfdd. Jl yfu su``hhk, yfu `ecgt ugbgfwg
efrrfrs. [eh hghiy s`rhcis fut cgk yfu ncjg
3K0 wjddpfwhr.

Ickghss  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd 0 [cdhgt @EC]JPIC 0

]jnet clthr c su``hsslud mrcvhry `eh`b, icbh

c @E rfdd. Jl yfu su``hhk, yfu `ecgt ugbgfwg
efrrfrs. [eh hghiy s`rhcis fut cgk yfu ncjg
3K< wjddpfwhr.

0>
 

Jgscgjty  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd ; [cdhgt @EC]JPIC ;

]jnet clthr c su``hsslud mrcvhry `eh`b, icbh

c @E rfdd. Jl yfu su``hhk, yfu `ecgt ugbgfwg
efrrfrs. [eh hghiy s`rhcis fut cgk ejts
tehishdvhs lfr 3K0 kcicnh cgk yfu ncjg =K<
wjddpfwhr.

]hquhst  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd = [cdhgt @EC]JPIC =

 Zfu rhquhst teh spjrjts

spjrjts tf cssjst
cssjst yfu. Icbh
Icbh c
@E rfdd. Jl yfu su``hhk, 3K< nefst frms wjte
3 DL hc`e cpphcr swjrdjgn crfugk yfu. [ehsh
frms wjdd tcbh kcicnh jg yfur pdc`h ugtjd
tehy crh nfgh.

05
 

@cdd  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd 0 [cdhgt @EC]JPIC 0

 Zfu `cdd teh spjrjts

spjrjts tf cssjst
cssjst yfu. Icbh
Icbh c @E
rfdd. Jl yfu su``hhk, c nefstdy wcrrjfr wjte
< DL cpphcrs. [ejs nefst kfhs cg hxtrc ihdhh
cttc`b hc`e rfugk (ush yfur @E s`frh lfr teh
cttc`b rfdd) fg yfur turg lfr 3K0 kcicnh. Jt
cdsf tcbhs kcicnh lfr yfu ugtjd jt js nfgh.

Puiifg  [rcjgjgn @eh`b ^jdd @fst

Dhvhd ; [cdhgt @EC]JPIC ;

 Zfu suiifg teh spjrjts
spjrjts tf cssjst
cssjst yfu. Icb
Icbh
hc
@E rfdd. Jl yfu su``hhk, c nefstdy krcnfg
wjte 3= DL cpphcrs. [ejs nefst kfhs cg hxtrc
rcgnhk CGK ihdhh cttc`b hc`e rfugk (ush
yfur @E s`frh lfr teh cttc`b rfdd) fg yfur
turg lfr 3K< kcicnh. Jt cdsf tcbhs kcicnh
lfr yfu ugtjd jt js nfgh.

0:
 

Ph`tjfg >.1
Hvjd @ecrc`thr ]c`hs

[ehrh crh ; Hvjd @ecrc`thr ]c`hs tf @effsh

Lrfi. Cs gfthk jg teh jgtrfku`tjfg tf tejs
 mffb, tehsh rc`hs
rc`hs icy cdsf
cdsf mh ushk cs gfricd
ehrfj` nffk `ecrc`thrs jg `fgoug`tjfg wjte
ftehr mffbs jg teh ncih shrjhs. Efwhvhr, gf
nffk `ecrc`thr `cg ush cg hvjd `dcss. Hc`e
rc`h wjdd nrcgt yfu c +3 mfgus jg fgh stct.
Hc`e cdsf ecs cg cmjdjty.

;1
 

Fr`

Fr`s crh ecrkhghk phfpdh. Fut`csts lrfi

suppfshkdy —gfricd’ sf`jhty--tecgbs tf tehjr
nrull cpphcrcg`h--tehy ecvh mhhg lfr`hk tf
survjvh jg ecrse wjdkhrghss `fgkjtjfgs. [eh
fpprhssjfg fl tehjr phfpdh flthg icbhs tehi
cgnry cgk vjfdhgt tfwcrk gfg-fr`s.

CMJDJ[Z? Mrutcd Mdfw? ^ehghvhr yfu rfdd c

gcturcd 3 lfr c ihdhh `fimct rfdd, yfu khcd
kfumdh kcicnh

MFGXP? +3 Ptrhgnte

;3
 

Nfmdjg

Lfr icgy yhcrs, Nfmdjgs whrh hgsdcvhk my ftehr

euicgfjk rc`hs. Picdd, cgk phr`hjvhk cs stupjk, tehy
whrh lfr`hk jgtf ecrk dcmfr. Efwhvhr, clthr teh nfmdjg
uprjsjgn, tehy whgt lrfi mhjgn dcmhdhk sdcvhs tf
—vhrijg’ wjte cg hxthrijgctjfg frkhr cncjgst tehi.
Gfw nfmdjgs ejkhfut ugkhrnrfugk, wcjtjgn lfr teh kcy
wehrh teh nrhct —scvjfr wcrrjfr’ wjdd `fih cgk dhck
tehi jg uprjsjgn fg`h cncjg.

CMJDJ[Z? P`rcppy? Nfmdjgs cdwcys tcbh 3 dhss kcicnh tf

c ijgjiui fl 3.

MFGXP? +3 Khxthrjty 

;=
 

Khifg

Khifgs whrh fg`h efdy `rhcturhs jg sfih wcy. Efdy

wcrrjfrs, cgnhds, htehrjcds, ht`. Efwhvhr, terfune
sfih prf`hss fr ijstcbh tehy mh`cih lcddhg cgk
gfw shhb —rhkhiptjfg’ terfune wejsphrhk djhs,
vjfdhg`h, cgk cgnhr.

CMJDJ[Z? Ehddljrh? Clthr hvhry cttc`b, rfdd =K<. Jl

jt js c =, teh hghiy `ct`ehs ljrh. [ehy tcbh 3K<
kcicnh ct teh stcrt fl hvhry ghw `fimct rfugk.

MFGXP? +3 ^jts
;0
 

Kjrh Hdl

Kjrh Hdvhs fg`h lfunet jg c wcr cncjgst ihg cgk

dfst. Gfw mcgjsehk tf c kcrb bjgnkfi mhghcte teh
hcrte, shhphk jg ecth lfr teh rc`h fl ihg, tehy mjkh
tehjr tjih ugtjd vhgnhcg`h js gjne.

CMJDJ[Z? Xgwcvhrjgn? ^ehghvhr c Kjrh Hdl pcsshs c

 mrcvhry `eh`b tehy ncjg 0 ^jddpfwhr
^jddpfwhr jgsthck fl 3.

MFGXP? +3 @ecrjsic

;;
 

Ph`tjfg 5.1 
Ehcdte, ^jddpfwhr, KIN, cgk
@frruptjfg

 Zfur Ehcdte cgk ^jddpfw

^jddpfwhr
hr crh khthri
khthrijghk
jghk my
yfur `urrhgt stcts.

Ehcdte? Zfur ehcdte js teh tftcd sui fl yfur

Ptrhgnte + Khxthrjty + =1 (+31 lfr c
`ecddhgnh). 

^jddpfwhr? Zfur wjdd jsjs teh tftcd sui fl yfur

^jts + @ecrjsic + =1 (+31 lfr c `ecddhgnh).

@frruptjfg? Mhnjgs ct 3.

KIN (Kcicnh) Mfgus? Mhnjgs ct +1

;8
 

Ph`tjfg :.1 
 ^hcpfgs
 Zfu‚rh gfw nhttjgn
nhttjgn
`dfsh tf ljgjsejgn
yfur `ecrc`thr. Cdd
tect js dhlt js tf rfdd
up yfur stcrtjgn nfdk
cgk pur`ecsh whcpfgs,
crifr, cgk ftehr jthis.

]fdd 0K< tf khthrijgh

yfur stcrtjgn nfdk.
([ejs js ifrh nfdk tecg
lfr gfricd ehrfj`
`ecrc`thrs cs jt js
cssuihk cg hvjd
`ecrc`thr wfudk ecvh
hxtrc nfdk pfssjmdy
lrfi tehlt).

^hcpfgs ecvh c kcicnh

rctjgn cgk c `fst (jg
nfdk `fjgs). Zfu icy
`crry = ihdhh cgk 3
rcgnhk whcpfg.

;<
 

Ihdhh ^hcpfgs ]cgnhk ^hcpfgs

Gcih Kin N Gcih Kin N

Kcnnhr 3 3n [erfwjgn Ptcr 3 =n

Pefrt Pwfrk 3K0 =n ]f`b Pdjgn 3K0 0n

Ecgk Cxh 3K0+3 0n Pefrtmfw 3K0+3 8n

Nrhct Pwfrk 3K< ;n Dfgnmfw 3K< <n

Nrhct Cxh 3K<+ 8n Ijgj @rfssmfw 3K0+3 ;n

3

Ppjbh Bgu`bdhs 3 3n Djnet @rfssmfw 3K0+= <n

Qug`ejgn 3K0 =n ]hnudcr 3K<+3 >n

Kcnnhr @rfssmfw

Pj`bdh 3K0+3 0n Ehcvy 3K<+= 5n

@rfssmfw

]cpjhr 3K< ;n [erfwjgn 3 =n

Kcnnhr

Pyteh 3K<+ 8n Pphcr 3K0+3 ;n

3

@uknhd 3K0 =n Mdckhk 3K0+= <n

Mffihrcgn

Mf Ptcll 3K0+3 0n Mdc`b Qfwkhr 3K<+3 >n

Qjstfd

Ecgk Ic`h 3K0+= ;n Mdc`b Qfwkhr 3K<+= 5n

]jldh

Nrhct Ic`h 3K< ;n Mdhsshk Dfgn 3K< 8n

^ejp

^creciihr 3K< ;n ]usty ]hvfdvhr 3K0+3 ;n

;>
 

Ph`tjfg 31.1 
 Crifr cgk Jthis

Crifr nrcgts teh whcrhr c mffst tf tehjr

ehcdte, wjdd, fr mfte. Ftehr jthis su`e cgk
lffk cgk pftjfgs `cg mh ushk tf rhstfrh dfst
ehcdte cgk wjdd. Cdd jthis crh `fgsuicmdh.
[ehy `cg mh ushk ct cgy pfjgt jg teh ncih,
hvhg kurjgn mcttdh.

Crifr Jthis
Gcih Mfgus N (#) Gcih Mfgus N

Pejhdk +0E 3n (=) Mrhck @rust 3K0 E 3n

Icnj` @cp +0^ 3n (0) Cdh 3K0 ^ 3n

@ecjgicjd +<E =n (;) Qftjfg 3K< E =n

@dfcb +<^ =n (8) Ihck 3K< ^ =n

Krcnfg Crifr +<E^ 0n (<) Ijrc`dh LXDD E^ <n

;5
 

Ph`tjfg 33.1 
Nhghrctjgn ]ffis

Mhnjg teh ncih my `effsjgn c rcgkfi squcrh fg

teh nrcpe pcphr cgk nhghrctjgn teh ljrst rffi
jg teh kugnhfg (teh Kugnhfg Hgtrcg`h).

[f nhghrcth c rffi, rfdd =K<. [eh guimhr

rfddhk jg teh guimhr fl squcrhs jg teh rffi.
[ehsh `cg mh krcwg jg cgy wcy, secph, fr lfri
sf dfgn cs tehy crh frtefnfgcddy `fggh`thk.

;:
 

Ghxt, rfdd 3K0 (3K< kjvjkhk my = rfugkhk up).

[ejs js teh guimhr fl GH^ kffrs ckkhk jg teh
rffi (jg ckkjtjfg tf cgy kffr yfu oust ushk).
Krcw sicdd rh`tcgndhs tf rhprhshgt teh kffrs
cdfgn cgy sjgndh squcrh‚s hknh tf khsjngcth cg
hxjt. Hc`e tjih yfu ifvh terfune c kffr yfu
wjdd nhghrcth c ghw rffi jg tejs icgghr. [eh
Kugnhfg Hgtrcg`h 
Hgtrcg`h  kfhsg‚t `fgtcjg ifgsthrs.

Jg teh lfddfwjgn hxcipdh, teh pdcyhr rfddhk =

kj`h. Fgh `cih up < cgk teh ftehr ; lfr c tftcd
fl 31. [ehy tehg mujdt c rffi fl thg squcrhs cs
sf. Ghxt, tehy rfddhk 3
kjh. [eh rhsudt wcs <.
Kjvjkhk jg ecdl tect js 0.
0 kffrs. [eh pdcyhr tehg
krhw jg terhh sicddhr
rh`tcgndhs tf khsjngcth
wehrh teh kffrs jg teh
rffi crh df`cthk.

Ljgcddy, teh pdcyhr icrbs teh ljrst rffi wjte

cg H tf sefw jt js teh Hgtrcg`h/Hxjt fl teh
kugnhfg. C pdcyhr icy mc`btrc`b cgy tjih tf
teh Hgtrcg`h jl teh kugnhfg nhts tff ecrk.
Efwhvhr, tehy kfg‚t hcrg teh hxtrc nfdk mfgus
lfr bjddjgn teh Mfss!

81
 

Ph`tjfg 3=.1 
Kffrwcys

^ehg yfu dhcvh teh Kugnhfg Hgtrcg`h (fr cgy

rffi jg teh kugnhfg fg`h jt ecs mhhg `dhcrhk
fl ifgsthrs) yfu wjdd `effsh 3 kffr jg teh
rffi tf ifvh terfune. Mhlfrh ifvjgn terfune,
efwhvhr, yfu wjdd ghhk tf icbh c Kffr ]fdd.
]fdd 3K< fg teh kffr `ecrt prfvjkhk jg teh
s`hgcrjf. Pfih s`hgcrjfs wjdd ckk ghw kffr

83
 

rhsudts, mut tehrh crh ; cmsfduth mcsj` kffr

fptjfgs tect `fudk f``ur?

Xgdf`bhk [eh kffr js ugdf`bhk cgk yfu icy

ifvh terfune lrhhdy wjtefut
stfppjgn.

Ptu`b [eh kffr cpphcrs tf mh stu`b.

Icbh c P[ `eh`b tf mrhcb jt kfwg
cgk nht terfune. Jl yfu lcjd yfu
icy dfsh 3 ^JDD tf rhrfdd cgk try
cncjg.

Df`bhk [eh kffr js df`bhk. Icbh c ^J

`eh`b tf pj`b teh df`b. Jl yfu
lcjd yfu icy dfsh 3 ^JDD tf
rhrfdd cgk try cncjg.

[rcpphk [eh kffr ecs c trcp cttc`ehk tf

jt. Zfu iust icbh c ^J `eh`b tf
kjscri jt cgk ifvh terfune. Jl

yfu lcjd, tcbh 3K0 kcicnh mut

stjdd ifvh terfune. Pfih
kugnhfgs cgk s`hgcrjfs icy ecvh
c shphrcth trcp fr fmstc`dh tcmdh
lfr yfu tf rfdd fg wehghvhr yfu
rfdd lfr c trcpphk kffrwcy.

8=
 

Fg`h c kffr ecs mhhg ifvhk terfune, seckh teh

kffrwcy jg mdc`b tf sefw tect yfu gf dfgnhr
ecvh tf rfdd wehg usjgn tect kffr. ([ejs oust
icbhs trc`bjgn hcsjhr)

Jl tehrh crh iudtjpdh kffrs jg c rffi, yfu `cg

`effsh tf ctthipt fgh kffr. Jl yfu lcjd, yfu
`cg `effsh c kjllhrhgt fgh wjtefut sphgkjgn
teh wjddpfwhr. Efwhvhr, rhtryjgn cgy stu`b fr
df`bhk kffr cdwcys rhqujrhs c ^jdd dfss. Zfu
IXP[ cdwcys icbh cg ctthipt fg c trcpphk kffr
fg`h yfu‚vh rfddhk jt up--cs teh trcp `ct`ehs
yfu ugcwcrhs cs yfu crh ctthiptjgn tf nf
terfune.

80
 

Ph`tjfg 30.1 
]ffi [yphs

Hc`e ghwdy nhghrcthk rffi yfu hgthr cdsf ecs

c ]ffi [yph tect wjdd icbh jt sdjnetdy
kjllhrhgt lrfi ftehr rffis.

Xpfg hgthrjgn c rffi, rfdd 3K< fg teh

s`hgcrjf‚s ]ffi [yph `ecrt. Hc`e typh wjdd
ecvh c dhtthrhk `fkh lfr yfu tf wrjth jgsjkh
teh rffi tf rhijgk yfu. [yphs jg`dukh tejgns
djbh kjrt fr stfgh ldffrs, wcthr, fr hvhg
`rypts cgk tfurturh `ecimhrs.

Pfih rffis typhs fgdy ckk ldcvfr tf teh stfry,

 mut ifst wjdd
wjdd hjtehr jg`dukh
jg`dukh c trcp, c
cg
g
fmstc`dh, fr c kjh rfdd ifkjljhr (usucddy +3)

lfr fgh stct tect icbhs tejgns ecrkhr lfr yfu.

8;
 

Ph`tjfg 3;.1 
Ifgsthrs

Hvhry rffi ecs

ifgsthrs. Clthr
Hgthrjgn cgy rffi
cgk khthrijgjgn
jts typh rfdd 3K< fg
teh s`hgcrjf‚s
ifgsthr `ecrt tf
nhghrcth teh
ifgsthrs jg teh
rffi.

]fdd fg`h tf
khthrijgh teh
ifgsthr typh. ]fdd
c sh`fgk tjih tf
khthrijgh teh
guimhr fl tect
ifgsthr tect cpphcrs jg teh rffi. Hc`e
ifgsthr ecs c Icx guimhr tect `cg cpphcr jg c
rffi. Hvhg jl yfu rfdd ejnehr, fgdy teh Icx
guimhr wjdd cpphcr cgk gf ifrh `cg cpphcr
tecg teh guimhr fl squcrhs jg c rffi.
Ifgsthrs cdsf ecvh c Ehcdte Kcicnh (E-KIN),
^jddpfwhr Kcicnh (^-KIN), cgk Djlh Lfr`h (DL).

88
 

Ph`tjfg 38.1 
@fimct Qrf`hkurh

[eh jgstcgt yfu rug jgtf cgy ifgsthrs, `fimct

 mhnjgs.

@fimct jg teh Ij`rf @ecpmffb ]QN systhi js

hxtrhihdy sjipdh cgk js `fipdhthk jg 0 hcsy
sthps.

3. Mrcvhry? 
Mrcvhry?  @eh`b tf shh efw mrcvh yfu crh.
=. ]cgnhk @fimct? 
@fimct?  Jl cmdh, icbh c rcgnhk
cttc`b cncjgst teh ifgsthrs gfw.
0. Ihdhh @fimct? Zfu IXP[ icbh
icbh c ihdhh
cttc`b. Icbh c ihdhh cttc`b gfw.
8<
 

 
Fg`h cdd terhh sthps crh `fipdhth, stcrt fvhr
lrfi teh tfp cgk rhphct tehi CDD (jg`dukjgn
 mrcvhry).
 mrcvhry ). Kf tejs ugtjd cdd teh ifgsthrs
ifgsthrs crh
khlhcthk, yfu crh bjddhk, fr yfu ecvh hdh`thk
tf rug cwcy.

8>
 

Ph`tjfg 3<.1 
Mrcvhry
[eh sjnet fl cgy
ifgsthr, mh jt
dcrnh fr sicdd,
`cg jgvfbh teh
khhphst lhcr jg
hvhg teh hvjdhst
fr wcrrjfrs.

Kurjgn
Mrcvhryteh
Pthp
icbh c @E `eh`b.
Jl yfu pcss, ncjg
3 ^jddpfwhr. Jl
yfu lcjd, yfu
dfsh ^jdd
c``frkjgn tf teh
ifgsthr‚s ^ KIN
(Xsucddy yfu
ecvh tf rfdd c
kjh tf shh efw
iu`e).

Jl yfur ^jdd hvhr rhc`ehs 1, cdd rfdds tcbh c

+3 ifkjljhr tf teh kjh rhsudt cs yfur

85
 

`ecrc`thr js dfsjgn efph jg tehjr cmjdjty tf

su``hhk jg tehjr quhst.
Gfth tect, c gcturcd rfdd fl 3 CD^CZP su``hhks
khspjth teh ^jddpfwhr ifkjljhr fr cgy ftehr
ifkjljhr. ^jdd ifks stc`b wjte rffi ifks cgk
cgy ifkjljhrs tect ijnet mh prhshgthk jg teh
ncih sjtuctjfg.

My tect scih stcgkcrk, gf ictthr efw pfwhrlud

yfur `ecrc`thr ijnet mh, fr efw icgy ehdplud
ifkjljhrs yfu ijnet ecvh, c gcturcd rfdd fl <
CD^CZP lcjds.

Jg cgy `csh, hvhg jl yfu ecvh 1 ^jdd, cdwcys

icbh teh Mrcvhry @eh`b tf shh jl yfu hcrg c
^jddpfwhr mc`b.

8:
 

Ph`tjfg 3>.1 
]cgnhk @fimct

JL (cgk fgdy jl) teh `urrhgt rffi js ; squcrhs

fr dcrnhr
icbh yfu icy
c rcgnhk icbh
cttc`b c rcgnhk
yfu cttc`b.
iust ecvh [f
c rcgnhk
whcpfg. ]fdd c KH stct `eh`b. Jl yfu su``hhk ct
teh `eh`b, cppdy whcpfg kcicnh tf teh
ifgsthr‚s Djlh Lfr`h. (usucddy my rfddjgn +
yfur KIN mfgus). Hxtrc kcicnh clthr c ifgsthr
js khlhcthk @CG‚[ rfdd fvhr tf ftehr ifgsthrs
jg teh rffi. Zfu tcrnhthk c sjgndh ifgsthr
wjte teh cttc`b.
<1
 

Ph`tjfg 35.1 
Ihdhh @fimct

Kurjgn Ihdhh @fimct yfu IXP[ icbh c ihdhh

cttc`b usjgn c P[ `eh`b. Jl yfu su``hhk, cppdy
teh whcpfg‚s kcicnh tf teh ifgsthr‚s DL.
(usucddy my rfddjgn + yfur KIN mfgus).
Pjijdcrdy, kcicnh `cg‚t rfdd fvhr tf iudtjpdh
hghijhs. Efwhvhr, jl yfu LCJD, fgh ifgsthr jg
teh rffi khcds kcicnh tf yfu. ]fdd teh
ifgsthr‚s E KIN cgk cppdy jt tf yfur ehcdte
rctjgn. Jl jt rhc`ehs 1 yfu kjh. Jl yfu ecvh c
sh`fgk ihdhh whcpfg, cttc`b cncjg.
<3
 

Ph`tjfg 3:.1 
]uggjgn Cwcy

Clthr CDD sthps fl `fimct yfu `cg hdh`t tf rug

cwcy my icbjgn c @E `eh`b. Jl yfu lcjd, fgh
ifgsthr jg teh rffi khcds kcicnh cgk cgftehr
rfugk fl `fimct mhnjgs. Jl yfu pcss `effsh cgy
kffr jg teh rffi tf hs`cph terfune. Jl jt js c
kffr yfu ecvhg‚t hxpdfrhk yht rfdd fg teh
Kffrwcy `ecrt. Jl jt js stu`b fr df`bhk cgk
yfu lcjd teh rfdd, fgh ifgsthr jg teh rffi
khcds kcicnh cgk `fimct rhsuihs. Jl yfu
hs`cph, ckk c guimhr tf teh rffi cgk rh`frk
wect ifgsthrs whrh dhlt mhejgk fg c sehht fl

pcphr. [ehy wjdd mh tehrh jl yfu rhturg.

<=
 

Ph`tjfg =1.1 
[rhcsurh ]fdds

Clthr yfu ecvh `dhcrhk c rffi fl cdd ifgsthrs

rfdd 3K<. Jl yfu nht c fgh terfune ljvh yfu
hcrg tect iu`e nfdk. Ckk jt tf yfur nfdk
rctjgn fg teh `ecrc`thr sehht.

Jl yfu rfdd c sjx, rfdd fg teh Jthis `ecrt jg

teh sh`tjfg fg crifr cgk jthis. Hc`e jthi js
cssjnghk c guimhr. Jl yfu rfdd tect guimhr
yfu ljgk tect jthi. Jl yfu rfdd c 3 fg teh
jthis `ecrt yfu ljgk gftejgn.

<0
 

Ph`tjfg =3.1 
[eh Mfss Ifgsthrs

Hc`e kugnhfg s`hgcrjf ecs jts fwg mfss

(icrbhk wjte c * fg teh Ifgsthr @ecrt) [eh mfss
wjdd gft cpphcr ugtjd yfu‚vh hg`fugthrhk cdd
teh ftehr ifgsthrs fg teh `ecrt ct dhcst fg`h.
Ckkjtjfgcddy, teh mfss wjdd fgdy cpphcr jg
sph`jlj` rffis, cs khsjngcthk my teh s`hgcrjf.
Jl yfu rfdd teh mfss wehg jt `cg‚t cpphcr,
rhrfdd. Fg`h jt js khlhcthk, teh ncih hgks.

<;
 

Cdthrgctjvhdy, lfr c pfthgtjcddy sefrthr

ncih, bhhp trc`b fl hc`e ifgsthr yfu bjdd
kurjgn teh kugnhfg. Clthr hc`e mcttdh js wfg,
rfdd =K<. Jl teh rfdd js DF^H] tecg teh guimhr
fl ifgsthrs bjddhk kurjgn teh kugnhfg, teh
 mfss `cg gfw ecvh c `ecg`h
`ecg`h fl cpphcrjgn.
cpphcrjgn. [eh
 mfss wjdd
wjdd stjdd fgd
fgdyy cpphcr jg
jg sph`jlj` crhcs,
cs khsjngcthk my teh s`hgcrjf rudhs. Cs
 mhlfrh, jl yfu rfdd teh mfss
mfss wehg jt `cg‚t
`cg‚t
cpphcr, rhrfdd.

<8
 

Ph`tjfg ==.1 
Mc`btrc`bjgn

Ct cgy pfjgt jg teh kugnhfg yfu icy wfrb yfur

wcy mc`bwcrks cgk rhturg tf rffis yfu
cdrhcky vjsjthk. Jl yfu rcg cwcy lrfi c rffi,
teh ifgsthrs yfu dhlt wjdd stjdd mh tehrh.

Jl yfu dhlt teh rffi hipty, rfdd 3K<. Fg c rfdd

fl <, ghw ifgsthrs cpphcr. ]fdd lfr ifgsthrs
cs gfricd. Fg`h yfu‚vh khlhcthk teh ifgsthrs,
icbh c [rhcsurh ]fdd -= tf shh jl teh ifgsthrs
whrh `crryjgn cgy. Jl teh rhsudt js 1, yfu nht
gf nfdk. Zfu `cg‚t ljgk jthis cs teh rffi ecs
cdrhcky mhhg shcr`ehk fg`h.

<<
 

 Ph`tjfg =0.1 
Dhvhdjgn Xp

Clthr khlhctjgn c mfss, `fugt up teh guimhr fl

rffis yfu hxpdfrhk. Hcrg 3 nfdk lfr hc`e
rffi. Jl yfu kf gft khlhct teh mfss, yfu kfg‚t
nht teh mfgus.

Jg mhtwhhg kugnhfgs yfu icy sphgk 311 nfdk tf

Dhvhd Xp. ^ehg yfu dhvhd up, yfu ncjg teh
lfddfwjgn?

<>
 

◆ Ckk +3 tf fgh stct. Gf stct `cg mh ejnehr

tecg 8.
◆ Ckk +3 tf yfur KIN mfgus.

 Zfu icy cdsf

cdsf muy ghw hqujpihgt.
hqujpihgt. Zfu icy fgdy
fgdy
ecvh = ihdhh whcpfgs cgk 3 rcgnhk whcpfg ct c
tjih.

 Zfu icy cdsf

cdsf sphgk 3 nfdk tf
tf stcy teh gjnet
gjnet ct
cg JGG tf luddy ehcd yfur wfugks cgk
wjddpfwhr.

<5
 

Ph`tjfg =;.1 
@frruptjfg

Cs cg hvjd
`ecrc`thr, yfu
ecvh teh `ecg`h
fl mh`fijgn ifrh
`frrupt cs yfu
prfnrhss jg teh
ncih.

@frruptjfg icy
ehdp yfu jg sfih
jgstcg`hs, mut
ejgkhr yfu jg
ftehrs.

 Zfu mhnjg teh

ncih wjte 3
`frruptjfg.
Efwhvhr, tehrh
crh `efj`hs yfu
icy icbh tect ijnet jg`rhcsh yfur
`frruptjfg. Icgy fl teh `efj`hs ijnet mhghljt
yfu jg teh jiihkjcth luturh. Efwhvhr, teh
ejnehr teh `frruptjfg, teh ifrh trfumdh yfu
icbh lfr yfurshdl. [ehsh `efj`hs jg`dukh?

<:
 

 
◆ Jgtjijkctjfg? Jgtjijkctjgn c sefpbhhp
lfr `ehcphr prj`hs.
◆ ]fmmhry? [erhcthgjgn teh sefpbhhp wjte
vjfdhg`h fr khcte jg frkhr tf nht jthis.
◆
[ehlt? Pghcbjgn ugkhr `fvhr fl gjnet tf
rfm sefps.
◆ Qj`bpf`bhtjgn? Pthcdjgn ifghy lrfi
df`cds.
◆ Ejnewcy ]fmmhry? ]fmmjgn trcvhdhrs fg
teh rfck.
◆ Csscssjgctjfg?   [cbjgn fg c ofm tf bjdd
Csscssjgctjfg?
sfihfgh.

Hc`e fl tehsh wjdd mh hxpdcjghk lurtehr jg teh

ghxt sh`tjfg, mut hc`e ecs teh `ecg`h fl
jg`rhcsjgn yfur `frruptjfg. Hc`e `rjijgcd
c`tjfg wjdd jg`dukh c —@frruptjfg Ifkjljhr.’
^ehghvhr yfu pcrtcbh jg fgh fl tehsh c`tjfgs,
rfdd =K< cgk CKK yfur `frruptjfg ifkjljhr. Jl
teh tftcd js ejnehr tecg yfur `urrhgt
`frruptjfg, yfur `frruptjfg nfhs up my 3. Jl
jt js hqucd fr dfwhr, yfur `frruptjfg rhicjgs
teh scih. Efwhvhr, jl yfu rfdd c gcturcd 3=,
teh `frruptjfg nfhs up my =. Jl yfu rfdd c
gcturcd =, yfur `frruptjfg nfhs KF^G my 3 cs
yfu mhnjg tf lhhd rhifrsh lfr sfih fl yfur
c`tjfgs. Jg cgy `csh, yfur `frruptjfg ecs

jipc`ts fg vcrjfus jg ncih f``urrhg`hs.

>1
 

@frruptjfg cgk Hvjd [cdhgts

[eh guimhr fl `frruptjfg pfjgts yfu

`urrhgtdy ecvh js cdsf teh guimhr fl tcdhgts
fg teh tcdhgt trhh yfu crh cddfwhk tf mh
trcjghk jg. Zfu `cg trcjg up tf tect icgy
tcdhgts fg yfur tcdhgt trhh. Efwhvhr, jl yfur
`frruptjfg nfhs kfwg, cgk yfu ecvh tff icgy
tcdhgts, yfu iust —lfrnht’ teh ejnehst rcgbhk
fgh. Jl twf fr ifrh crh tjhk, yfu `effsh wej`e
fgh tf lfrnht.

@frruptjfg cgk Phrvj`hs

Cs yfur `frruptjfg nfhs up, yfur c``hss tf

`hrtcjg shrvj`hs nfhs kfwg. Musjghss fwghrs
wfg‚t shrvh yfu cgk tfwgs wfg‚t efst yfu.
@frruptjfg Hllh`ts

3-= Gf jiihkjcth hllh`t

0-;  Zfu `cg‚t muy jthis

8-<  Zfu `cg‚t muy crifr

>-5  Zfu `cg‚t muy whcpfgs

:-31  Zfu `cg‚t stcy

stcy ct teh jgg

33-3=  Zfu `cg‚t `fih

`fih jgtf tfwg

>3
 

^ehg yfu `cg‚t muy jthis, whcpfgs, cgk/fr

crifr, yfu wjdd ecvh tf rhsfrt tf rfmmhry fr
tehlt tf nht wect yfu ghhk.

^ehg yfu `cg‚t stcy ct teh Jgg, yfu wjdd ecvh

tf su``hssluddy jgtjijkcth teh jggbhhphr tf
cddfw yfu tf stcy, mut rjsb teh [fwg Nucrk
ljgkjgn yfu jg yfur sdhhp. ]fdd fg teh [fwg
Nucrk Cpphcrcg`h `ecrt +3 tf teh rfdd.

Jl yfu `effsh GF[ tf stcy ct teh Jgg yfu iust

sdhhp fut jg teh wjdkhrghss. Zfu `cg stjdd
ncjg teh ehcdte cgk wjddpfwhr lrfi sdhhpjgn,
 mut rjsb wjdk
wjdk cgjicds
cgjicds cttc`bjgn
cttc`bjgn yfu. ]fdd fg
teh wjdk cgjicd `ecrt mhdfw tf shh jl yfu nht
cttc`bhk.
^jdk Cgjicds

# Ifgsthr Icx E-KIN ^-KIN DL

3 Gf Cttc`b

= Gf Cttc`b

0 Pdjih < 3 3 3

; ^jdk Mfcr = 3K0+= 3K0 >

8 ^fdl = 3K< 3K< 31

< Kjrh ^fdl 3 3K<+3 3K<+3 38

>=
 

^ehg yfu `fiijt `rjihs, yfu rug teh rjsb fl

teh tfwg nucrk ljgkjgn yfu cgk ctthiptjgn tf
crrhst yfu. Cgy tjih yfu `fiijt c `rjih, rfdd
fg teh `ecrt mhdfw. ^ehg yfu crhg‚t whd`fih
jg cgy tfwg, yfu icbh tejs rfdd cgy tjih yfu
ljgjse c kugnhfg tf shh jl yfu‚vh mhhg trc`bhk
kfwg. [eh tfp mcr js yfur `urrhgt `frruptjfg
dhvhd. [eh dhlt mcr js teh kjh rfdd. @rfss
rhlhrhg`h teh kjh rfdd wjte teh dhvhd. Jl teh
 mfx ecs cg
cg U, rfdd fg teh
teh nucrk `ecrt fg teh
ghxt pcnh cgk ljnet teh nucrks wef cpphcr tf
crrhst yfu.

[fwg Nucrk Cpphcrcg`h @ecrt

3-= 0-; 8-< >-5 :-31 33-3

=

= U

0 U U
; U U U

8 U U U U

< U U U U U U

>0
 

 
[fwg Nucrk

# Ifgsthr Icx E-KIN ^-KIN DL

3 Nucrk Mfy 0 3 3 0

= Pqujrh 0 3K= 3K= ;

0 ^cdd Nucrk = 3K0 3K0 8

; Qctrfd Nucrk = 3K< 3K< >

8 @cptcjg fl teh Nucrk 3 3K<+= 3K<+= 31

< Bjgn‚s Bgjnet 3 =K< =K< =1

^ehg ljnetjgn teh tfwg nucrk, yfu `cg cdwcys

try cgk ldhh. Efwhvhr, jl yfu `effsh tf stcy
cgk ljnet, yfu iust icbh c @frruptjfg rfdd +U
wehrh U js teh guimhr fl tfwg nucrks yfu
bjddhk.

@frruptjfg cgk ]hphgtcg`h

Jl yfur @frruptjfg hvhr ejts 1, yfur
`ecrc`thr mh`fihs rhphgtcgt. [ehy ecvh c
khsjrh tf `ecgnh tehjr wcys. [eh ghxt tjih
yfu ctthipt c @rjijgcd @efj`h, yfu iust icbh
c @E rfdd tf `fgvjg`h yfurshdl tf kf jt. Jl yfu
pcss, yfu ncjg 3 `frruptjfg cutfictj`cddy. Jl
yfu lcjd, yfu `cg gf dfgnhr mh hvjd fr ncjg
>;
 

`frruptjfg. Zfu icy gft ush cgy fl yfur `dcss

tcdhgts. Zfu mh`fih djbh cgy ftehr gfricd
ehrfj` `ecrc`thr.

@frruptjfg cgk Qurh Hvjd

 Zfur @frruptjfg
@frruptjfg `cg ghvhr
ghvhr mh ejnehr tec
tecg
g 3=.
 Zfu iust cdwcys
cdwcys stjdd icbh
icbh teh @frrup
@frruptjfg
tjfg
rfdd wehg yfu `fiijt `rjihs tf shh jl yfu rfdd
c = cgk dfsh c `frruptjfg. Efwhvhr, jl yfu
hvhr rfdd c 3= wejdh yfu crh ct 3= @frruptjfg
yfu mh`fih Qurh Hvjd. Zfu crh phricghgtdy ct
3= `frruptjfg cgk ghvhr icbh cgftehr
`frruptjfg rfdd cncjg. Zfu cdsf rfdd lfr cg
hxtrc pfwhr mfgus fg teh tcmdh mhdfw?

[cmdh fl Qurh Hvjd

3 Ckk +81 tf yfur Ehcdte

= Ckk +81 tf yfur ^jddpfwhr

0 Mh`fih prflj`jhgt jg c sh`fgk stct

; Ckk +0 tf yfur KIN mfgus

8 Ckk +3 tf cdd yfur stcts

< [cbh fg c sh`fgk tcdhgt trhh lrfi

cgftehr hvjd `dcss. Zfu crh lrhh tf
trcjg jg cgy cgk cdd fl teh tcdhgts.

>8
 

Ph`tjfg =8.1 
@rjijgcd @efj`hs

Cs cg hvjd fr khsphrcth `ecrc`thr, yfu ecvh

teh fptjfg fl GF[ pcyjgn lfr tejgns cgk
jgsthck sthcdjgn cgk jgtjijkctjgn jgsthck.
 Zfu cdsf ecvh
ecvh teh fptjfgs fl ncjgjgn hxtr
hxtrc
c
nfdk terfune pj`bpf`bhtjgn fr ejnewcy
rfmmhry. Hc`e fl tehsh js hxpdcjghk jg jts fwg
tcmdh. Hc`e cdsf ecs c kjllhrhgt @frruptjfg
]fdd ifkjljhr. Hc`e c`tjfg icy fgdy mh
ctthipthk fg`h jg mhtwhhg kugnhfgs. GF[H? [eh
ush fl teh thri —jthi’ mhdfw `cg rhlhr tf

whcpfgs, crifr, fr jthis. 

><
 

Jgtjijkctjfg +1
^ehg ctthiptjgn tf muy cg jthi, yfu icy
icbh c @E `eh`b tf jgtjijkcth teh
sefpbhhphr. Jl yfu su``hhk, teh jthi js ecdl
teh prj`h rfugkhk kfwg. [ehg icbh c
`frruptjfg `eh`b +1. 

]fmmhry +3
^ehg ctthiptjgn tf muy cg jthi, yfu icy
icbh c @E `eh`b tf s`crh cgk rfm teh

sefpbhhphr ct swfrkpfjgt.
yfu nht teh jthi Jl yfu
lfr lrhh. [ehg su``hhk,
icbh c
`frruptjfg `eh`b +3. 

[ehlt +37
My teh kcrb fl gjnet, yfu iust icbh c KH `eh`b tf
sghcbjdy mrhcb jgtf teh jthi sefp, whcpfg sefp,
fr crifr sefp. Jl yfu su``hhk, yfu nht tf pj`b
fgh jthi lrfi teh sefp lfr lrhh. [ehg icbh c
`frruptjfg `eh`b +3. CDPF icbh c rfdd fg teh
[fwg Nucrk Cpphcrcg`h @ecrt. Jl gf nucrks
cpphcr yfu icy sthcd c sh`fgk jthi, mut teh
`frruptjfg `eh`b js ickh ct cg ckkjtjfgcd +3.
(+= fg yfur sh`fgk ctthipt). [eh nucrk `eh`b js
cdsf +3. Zfu icy `fgtjguh tf sthcd jthis, cdwcys
ckkjgn +3 ifrh tf rfdds hxpfghgtjcddy.

>>
 

 
Qj`bpf`bhtjgn +1
Jg mhtwhhg kugnhfgs, yfu `cg icbh c
Qj`bpf`bht rfdd tf sthcd lrfi df`cds cgk
ihr`ecgts. Icbh c KH rfdd. Jl yfu pcss, hcrg
3K< nfdk. [ehg icbhs c `frruptjfg `eh`b +1. 

Ejnewcy ]fmmhry +0
 Zfu ejkh fut fg c rfck
rfck fr ejnewcy,
ejnewcy, wcjtjgn
lfr ugsusph`tjgn vj`tjis. ]fdd tf shh wef

`fihs
Cgjicdmy? 3? Gf;-<?
@ecrt. fgh.]fdd
=-0? fg
]fdd fg[fwg
teh teh ^jdk
Nucrk
@ecrt. Jl yfu rfdd fg teh [fwg Nucrk, ljnet
tehi. Fg`h teh mcttdh js fvhr, yfu icy tcbh 3
whcpfg, 3 crifr, cgk 0 jthis fl yfur
`effsjgn. Zfu cdsf rh`hjvh =K< nfdk. [ehg,
icbh c `frruptjfg rfdd +0.

 Csscssjgctjfg +0
Icbh c KH `eh`b lfddfwhk my P[ `eh`b tf
su``hssluddy pudd fll c pcjk csscssjgctjfg.
Jl yfu lcjd hjtehr rfdd, rfdd fg teh [fwg
Nucrk @ecrt. Jl yfu pcss mfte rfdds, yfu hcrg
=K<x8 nfdk. Jg hjtehr `csh, icbh c
`frruptjfg rfdd +0. 

>5
 

Ph`tjfg =<.1 
[eh Ocjd

^ehghvhr c [fwg Nucrk ihimhr khcds kcicnh tf

yfu, rfdd =K<. Jl teh rfdd js = (sgcbh hyhs) yfu
crh `cpturhk cgk shgt tf ocjd. Pjijdcrdy, jl
yfu crh hvhr rhku`hk tf 1 ehcdte my teh tfwg
nucrk, yfu crhg‚t khck mut jgsthck terfwg jg
 ocjd. Hs`cpjgn
Hs`cpjgn ocjd js djbh c kugnhfg.
kugnhfg.

>:
 

Pph`jcd ]udhs

Ptcrtjgn? Zfur ehcdte cgk

cgk wjddpfwhr
wjddpfwhr crh rhsht
tf ludd cs jt js cssuihk yfu rhsthk jg teh
`hdd. [eh `hdd, fr ljrst rffi, js GF[ teh
hgtrcg`h fr hxjt cs jg ftehr kugnhfgs. Jt js
sjipdy teh stcrtjgn spft cgk yfur nfcd js tf
ljgk cg hxjt.

Hs`cpjgn Zfur @hdd? Mhlfrh yfu `cg mhnjg, yfu

iust pj`b teh df`b tf nht fut fl teh ocjd `hdd.
Icbh c ^J `eh`b tf pj`b teh df`b. Jl yfu lcjd
yfu icy sphgk wjddpfwhr tf try cncjg. Zfu icy
cdsf wcjt lfr teh nucrk cgk icbh c @E `eh`b tf
trj`b tehi. Jl yfur trj`b js su``hsslud, icbh c
P[ `eh`b tf bgf`b tehi fut cgk tcbh teh bhy. Jl
yfu lcjd hjtehr `eh`b, teh nucrk dhcvhs. ]fdd
c 3K< tf shh wehg eh `fihs mc`b. Dfsh tect
iu`e wjddpfwhr cs yfu wcjt. Zfu icy cdsf try
pj`bjgn teh df`b cncjg tect icgy tjihs mhlfrh
eh `fihs mc`b wjtefut sphgkjgn hxtrc wjdd.

Ljnetjgn? Zfu ecvh gf whcpfgs fr jthis wjte

yfu ct teh stcrt. Jgsthck, yfu icy fgdy icbh
ihdhh cttc`bs cgk tehy fgdy khcd FGH kcicnh
hc`e. Gft tf ihgtjfg tect jt kfhsg‚t bjdd teh
nucrk, oust bgf`bs tehi fut. ^ehg yfu ljgk teh
crifry, yfu nht cdd yfur whcpfgs cgk jthis

 mc`b.
51
 

 
Ljgkjgn teh Hxjt? Xpfg hgthrjgn hc`e ghw
rffi rfdd =K< cgk ckk teh guimhr fl rffis
yfu‚vh hxpdfrhk sf lcr. JL teh ljgcd rhsudt js
38 fr ifrh, yfu ecvh lfugk cg hs`cph rfuth
lrfi teh kugnhfg. Ljnet cgy nucrks jg teh
rffi cgk tehg dhcvh teh ocjd.

[fwhr Kffrwcys

3-= Xgdf`bhk Ifvh terfune lrhhdy.

;-8 Df`bhk Icbh c ^J @eh`b tf pj`b teh df`b.

Jl yfu lcjd, sphgk 3 wjddpfwhr tf
try cncjg. Jl yfu nft teh bhy
lrfi teh ljrst nucrk, yfu kfg‚t
ghhk tf `eh`b kffrs.

[fwhr ]ffi [yphs

3-0 @hdd @ [ejs js c mcsj` `hdd. Gf
hllh`t.

; Nucrk N [ejs rffi js lfr nucrks. Ckk

]ffi +3 tf teh guimhr fl nucrks jg
tejs rffi.

8 [frturh [ KH rfdd fr nht `cunet jg fgh

@ecimhr fl teh khvj`hs tcbjgn 3K0 KIN

< Crifry C  Zfu ljgk yfur whcpfgs cgk

jthis. Jl yfu prhvjfusdy
lfugk tehi, rfdd fg teh jthis
`ecrt tf shh wect yfu ljgk.

53
 

 
Ocjd Nucrk

# Ifgsthr Icx E-KIN ^-KIN DL

3 Nucrk Mfy 0 3 3 0

= Pqujrh 0 3K= 3K= ;

0 ^cdd Nucrk = 3K0 3K0 8

; Qctrfd Nucrk = 3K< 3K< >

8 @cptcjg fl teh Nucrk 3 3K<+= 3K<+= 31

< Bjgn‚s Bgjnet* 3 =K< =K< =1

*[eh Bjgn‚s Bgjnet js teh mfss fl teh kugnhfg.

Jl yfu ljgk eji mhlfrh ljgkjgn c kjllhrhgt
hxjt, yfu cutfictj`cddy df`cth teh hxjt clthr
khlhctjgn eji wjtefut ghhkjgn teh usucd
rfdd.

Clthr hs`cpjgn ocjd, icbh c `frruptjfg `eh`b

+U wehrh U js teh guimhr fl rffis yfu
hxpdfrhk cgk `dhcrhk fl nucrks.

5=
 

Ph`tjfg =>.1 
[eh Mdhcb [fwhr

[eh Mdhcb [fwhr js c iudtj-dhvhd kugnhfg tf

nht yfu stcrthk pdcyjgn teh ncih.
50
 

[eh Ptfry [eus Lcr

[eh Mdhcb [fwhr. C `ruimdjgn lfrtrhss jg teh

ifugtcjgs fl Ehddj`b ^cthr. ^rhctehk jg teh
`fdk cgk sgfw, jt sjts prh`crjfusdy fg teh
hknh fl c `djll, dhcgjgn tejs wcy cgk tect jg
teh wjgk. Pfih scy jt wjdd lcdd kfwg fgh kcy.
Ftehrs `dcji jt wcs mujdt my c wj`bhk icnh
cgk js tehrhlfrh ehdk up my kcrb icnj`.

Ifst phfpdh lrfi ghcrmy tfwgs lhcr teh pdc`h.

Pfih mhdjhvh jt tf mh ecugthk. Ftehrs sjipdy
lhcr teh wjdk cgjicds fr ifgsthrs wef icy
ecvh tcbhg up rhsjkhg`h. Ifst, efwhvhr, wfrry
tect teh wj`bhk icnh wef mujdt teh pdc`h icy
stjdd mh crfugk fr tect ejs hvjd icnj` stjdd
efdks c pdc`h ehrh.

 Zfu, efwhvhr, ecvh

ecvh ehcrk tect cddcdd ejs icnj`
icnj`
wcs trcpphk jgsjkh c purpdh shhr stfgh--cgk
tf teh phrsfg wef ljgks jt nfhs lcgtcstj`cd
kcrb pfwhrs djbh teh wfrdk ecs ghvhr bgfwg.
Qhrecps su`e c phrsfg `fudk wjhdk pfwhr fvhr
cg hgtjrh tfwg, c `jty . . . teh wfrdk6

[ehrh js fgdy fgh wcy tf ljgk fut. Hgthr teh

tfwhr, `djim teh dhvhds. Kjs`fvhr teh `rystcd
 mcdd.

5;
 

Pph`jcd ]udhs

]hstrj`thk Qdcyjgn Crhc? Mhlfrh mhnjggjgn

[eh Mdhcb [fwhr krcw c `jr`dh fg yfur nrcpe
pcphr tect js cpprfxjicthdy < jg`ehs fr 01
squcrhs jg kjcihthr. [ejs js teh pdcyjgn crhc
lfr teh kugnhfg. ]ffis `cggft hxthgk futsjkh
tejs `jr`dh. ]ffis ghcr teh hknh icy ecvh
pcrtjcd squcrhs. Pqucrhs tect crh ecdl fr ifrh
jgsjkh teh `jr`dh mfugkcrjhs `fugt tfwcrk
teh rffi sjzh. Pqucrhs tect crh dhss tecg ecdl
jgsjkh teh mfugkcry kfg‚t.

Iudtj-Dhvhd Kugnhfg? [ejs kugnhfg ecs <

dhvhds tf jt. Zfu mhnjg ct teh nrfugk dhvhd.
 Zfu icy hgthr cgk `rhcth teh ljrst rffi cdfgn
cgy hknh pfrtjfg fl teh `jr`udcr icp. Hc`e
dhvhd ecs jts fwg mfss. ^ehg yfu mhct fgh mfss,
yfu ifvh tf teh ghxt dhvhd. Hc`e dhvhd js jts
fwg sehht fl nrcpe pcphr.

Ifvjgn Mhtwhhg Dhvhds? ^ehg yfu

ifvh up c dhvhd, teh —Ptcjr`csh’ js
jg teh scih spft fg teh icp. Pf, teh
ghwdy nhghrcthk rffi js jg
wecthvhr spft yfu bjddhk teh mfss
fg teh dcst icp. Bhhp trc`b fl teh stcjr`cshs
 my krcwjgn
krcwjgn teh dfnf fg teh
teh dhlt jg rffis wjte

stcjrs. Lfr trcps fr fmstc`dhs tect lfr`h yfu

58
 

tf lcdd tf c dfwhr dhvhd, yfu wjdd cdwcys try

cgk lcdd jgtf teh scih cpprfxjicth crhc fg
teh icp tf teh dhvhd mhdfw. Jl c rffi wcsg‚t
prhvjfusdy nhghrcthk
nhghrcthk ehrh wehrh yfu‚vh
lcddhg, nhghrcth tect rffi gfw.

Ifgsthrs? Lfr hc`e tfwhr dhvhd cmfvh teh

ljrst, ckk +3 tf cdd ifgsthr rfdds. Lfr
hxcipdh? Dhvhd 3 ckks +1, dhvhd = ckks +3,
Dhvhd 0 ckks +=, cgk sf fg cgk sf lfrte. [ejs
ihcgs teh mfsshs lrfi prhvjfus dhvhds wjdd
 mh`fih gfricd
gfricd ifgsthrs fg ejnehr dhvhd
dhvhds.
s. [eh
 mfsshs lfr
lfr hc`e dhvhd c
crh
rh cs lfddfws?
lfddfws?

Dhvhd 3 Mfss ^jdk Mfcr

Dhvhd = Mfss ^cgkhrjgn Nfmdjg

Dhvhd 0 Mfss ^fdl Qc`b

Dhvhd ; Mfss @urshk Kjrh ^fdl

Dhvhd 8 Mfss Lrfst [rfdd

Dhvhd < Mfss Xgkhck Lrfst ^jzcrk

Mc`btrc`bjgn? Jl teh kugnhfg nhts tff ecrk,

yfu `cg mc`btrc`b fut tf tfwg tf rhnrfup.
^ehg yfu rhturg tf teh kugnhfg, jt wjdd mh teh
scih dcyfut, mut cdd prhvjfusdy nhghrcthk
rffis ecvh ghw ifgsthrs wef ecvh ifvhk jg.
5<
 

[fwhr Kffrwcys

3 Xgdf`bhk Ifvh terfune lrhhdy.

=-0 Ptu`b P[ @eh`b

;-8 Df`bhk ^J @eh`b

< [rcpphk ]fdd fg teh [rcp @ecrt Mhdfw.
Cdd rhqujrh c ^J `eh`b tf
rh`fngjzh cgk cvfjk/kjscri.
Ftehrwjsh, tcbh teh ckvhrsh
hllh`ts djsthk.

[fwhr [rcps

3 Lcddjgn ]f`b C murdcp mcn fl rf`bs tuimdhs

kfwg fgtf yfu lfr 3K= E-KIN.

= Kcrts C shrjhs fl tjgy kcrts sefft fut

ct yfu lfr 3K0 E-KIN.

0 Pphcrs [eh cr`ewcy ecs sphcrs tect lcdd

kfwg tf stcm yfu lfr 3K< E-KIN.

Qfjsfg Kcrts Qfjsfg kcrts sefft ct yfu lfr

; 3K0 E-KIN. Zfu crh pfjsfghk cgk
tcbh 3 E-KIN lfr hc`e ghw rffi
yfu hgthr ugtjd yfu `cg rhst.

8 [rcp Kffr C kffr swjgns fphg cgk yfu lcdd

terfune tf teh dhvhd mhdfw lfr
3K0 E-KIN. Jl fg teh nrfugk
ldffr, jngfrh tejs trcp.

< Pwjgnjgn C mdckh swjgns kfwg tf sdj`h yfu

Mdckh jg ecdl lfr =K< kcicnh.

5>
 

 
[fwhr ]ffi [yphs

3 Ptfgh P [ejs rffi ecs c stfgh ldffr.

Gf hllh`t.

= @ruimdjgn @L [eh ldffr ehrh js lcddjgn

Ldffr cpcrt. Icbh c KH rfdd. Jl yfu
lcjd, yfu lcdd kfwg tf teh
prhvjfus dhvhd cgk tcbh 3K0
E-KIN. (jl teh rffi mhdfw
wcsg‚t nhghrcthk mhlfrh,
nhghrcth c ghw rffi gfw) Jl fg
teh ljrst ldffr, trhct tejs
rhsudt cs c Ptfgh ldffr rffi.

[eh `hjdjgn ehrh js lcddjgn

0 @ruimdjgn
@hjdjgn @@ cpcrt. Nhttjgn ejt my c stfgh
`fudk mh kcgnhrfus. Icbh c ^J
rfdd fr tcbh 3K0 E-KIN

; @fdk Cjr @C C `fdk krclt mdfws fg yfu

ehrh. Icbh c P[ `eh`b fr tcbh
3K0 ^-KIN.

8 ]ummdh ] [ejs rffi js ludd fl rummdh

cgk fdk lurgjturh. KH rfdds
crh ickh ct +3.

< Khck Ehrf K [ejs rffi `fgtcjgs teh

rhicjgs fl c khck ehrf wef
trjhk tf hxpdfrh teh tfwhr.
Clthr teh mcttdh, shcr`e tehjr
 mfky my rfddjgn? 3-=?
Gftejgn. 0-;? 3K< Nfdk. 8-<?
]cgkfi Jthi.

55
 

 
Ifgsthrs

# Ifgsthr Icx E-KIN ^-KIN DL

3 Gf Ifgsthr - - - -

= Pdjih < 3 3 3

0 Ppjkhrdjgn 8 3 3K= =

; ]ct ; 3K= 3 0

8 Lhrcd Kfn 0 3K= 3K= 8

< ^jdk Mfcr* = 3K0+= 3K0 >

> ^cgkhrjgn Nfmdjg* 3 3K0 3K0 31

5 ^fdl Qc`b* 0 3K< 3K< 31

: @urshk Kjrh ^fdl* 3 3K<+3 3K<+3 38

31 Lrfst [rfdd* 3 =K< 3K<+= 01

33 Xgkhck ^jzcrk* 3 =K<+= =K< 81

*Mfss Ifgsthrs icy cpphcr jg cgy rffi jg teh

tfwhr fg`h teh prhrhqujsjths lfr teh mfss
cpphcrjgn ecvh mhhg iht fg hc`e dhvhd. Jl,
efwhvhr, yfu icgcnh tf rhc`e teh ljgcd rffi
fl c dhvhd cgk `cg‚t mujdk fut cgyifrh, teh
 mfss wjdd
wjdd cutfictj`c
cutfictj`cddy
ddy cpphcr.
cpphcr. Zfu hcrg te
teh
h
nfdk mfgus rhwcrk lfr hc`e mfss cs yfu
`fipdhth hc`e dhvhd fl teh tfwhr.

5:
 

@fipdhtjgn teh [fwhr

^jte teh fdk ugkhck wjzcrk khlhcthk, teh

`rystcd mcdd js yfurs lfr teh tcbjgn. Jt sjts
fg c phkhstcd ct teh `hgthr fl teh rffi,
ndjiihrjgn wjte khvjcgt djnet. [cbjgn jt,
yfu sijdh . . . ugtjd yfu ehcr c dfuk `rc`b. [eh
ldffr mhghcte yfur lhht ruimdhs. Zfu quj`bdy
rhcdjzh tect my rhifvjgn teh mcdd teh icnj`
bhhpjgn teh tfwhr uprjnet js lcjdjgn. Zfu
wjdd ghhk tf mc`btrc`b tf teh hgtrcg`h mhlfrh
jt js tff dcth.

Cs yfu hgthr hc`e rffi, rfdd 3K< cgk cppdy teh

rhsudts?

3-= ]ffi rhicjgs stcmdh.

0-; [eh `hjdjgn `fddcpshs. Icbh c KH

`eh`b fr tcbh 3K0 E-KIN.

8-< [ehlcdd
fr ldffr `fddcpshs.
terfune Icbh
tf teh c KH
ldffr `eh`b
mhdfw lfr
3K< E-KIN. Jg hjtehr `csh, `rfss fut
teh rffi wehrh teh ldffr `fddcpshk
cgk tehg rfdd =K< cgk ckk teh guimhr
fl rffis tect ecvh `fddcpshk sf lcr. Jl
teh tftcd js =8 fr ejnehr, teh wefdh
tfwhr `fddcpshs wjte yfu jg jt. Icbh c
KH rfdd. Jl yfu lcjd, yfu kjh. Jl yfu
pcss, yfu hs`cph wjte 3 Ehcdte dhlt.
:1
 

Jl yfu icgcnh tf icbh jt fut fl teh tfwhr

wjtefut kyjgn jg teh `fddcpsh, rhck teh
lfddfwjgn?

 Zfu dhcp fut fl teh ghcrhst wjgkfw,

wjgkfw, kffr, fr
ftehr hxjt jgtf teh sgfw oust cs c
teugkhrfus mffi h`efhs c`rfss teh
ifugtcjg. Zfu turg oust jg tjih tf shh teh
wefdh tfwhr sdjkjgn kfwg teh sjkh fl teh
ifugtcjg cgk ljgcddy kjscpphcrjgn jgtf c
`dfuk fl kust, sgfw, cgk khmrjs jg teh vcddhy
 mhdfw. Zfu sjne
sjne wjte rhdjhl,
rhdjhl, cgk dffb
nrhhkjdy ct teh spfjds fl yfur hllfrts. [eh
purpdh `rystcd mcdd. ^ect sh`rhts kfhs jt
efdk6

[eh pdcyhr icy gfw icbh ^J `eh`bs tf stuky

teh mcdd. Jl yfu lcjd, yfu icy sphgk wjddpfwhr
tf try cncjg hjtehr rjnet cwcy fr jg teh
luturh. Efwhvhr, hc`e tjih yfu lcjd, icbh c
`frruptjfg `eh`b. Cdsf rh`frk hc`e tjih yfu

lcjd
tecg cgk
teh icbh c =K<
guimhr rfdd. Jl
fl trjhs, tehteh rfdd
mcdd js dfwhr
`rc`bs cgk
 mrhcbs jgtf
jgtf c mug`e fl pjh`hs. Jl yfu
yfu pcss teh
thst, efwhvhr, yfu icy rfdd fg teh [cmdh fl
Qurh Hvjd cgk ncjg fgh fl tefsh pfwhrs. [ejs
kfhs gft ihcg yfu crh purh hvjd. Zfur
`frruptjfg stcgks wehrhvhr jt `urrhgtdy js
wehg yfu su``hhk ct kjs`fvhrjgn jts sh`rhts.

:3
 

Ph`tjfg =5.1 
Qdcyjgn ^jte c Ncih Icsthr

Xsjgn teh lfddfwjgn tjps, pdcy teh ncih wjte c

trckjtjfgcd Ncih Icsthr.

◆ [eh NI `cg `effsh tf prhmujdk teh

kugnhfg mhlfrhecgk, `effsjgn wect js
jg hc`e rffi, teh dcyfut, teh kffrs, teh
trcps, wehrh teh Mfss js ejkjgn, cgk
ifrh.
◆ [eh NI `cg ckk jg trhcsurh `ehsts wjte
sht nfdk fr jthis jgsjkh.

:=
 

◆ Ckvhgturh Ifkudhs su`e cs [eh Ecugtjgn

fl Njdrfy [cvhrg lfugk jg teh Khduxh
@frh ]udhmffb `cg mh rug djbh cg
frkjgcry ]QN.
◆ [eh NI icy `effsh tf rug teh ncih jg c
ifrh —rfdhpdcy’ stydh wjte ckkhk stfry
hdhihgts, gfg-pdcyhr `ecrc`thrs, quhst
nfcds, ht`.
◆ Jg tejs wcy, teh NI `cg ush ^J lfr cdd
rhckjgn, wrjtjgn, cgk jgthddjnhg`h
 mcshk rfdds.
rfdds. [eh NI icy
icy cdsf ush @E
@E lfr
cdd sf`jcd mcshk rfdds wjte GQ@s,
hghijhs, cgk ifrh.
◆
[ry pdcyjgn teh ncih fg c trckjtjfgcd
nrjk mcshk ncih ict wjte ijgjcturhs.
◆ Hc`e ijgjcturh `cg ifvh 3-= squcrhs ct
c tjih frtefnfgcddy cs pcrt fl teh ihdhh
cttc`b pecsh.
◆ ]cgnhk cttc`bs icy mh ickh ct c
kjstcg`h. Ihdhh cttc`bs icy mh ickh
wejdh ckoc`hgt.
◆ @fih up wjte yfur fwg efush rudhs!

:0
 

:;
 

Hxpcgk Zfur Ckvhgturh ^jte [ehsh Ptcgk Cdfgh

Ij`rf @ecpmffb ]QNs!

Ljgk Ifrh ^frdk Mujdkjgn Fptjfgs cgk @rhcth

Ptrfgnhr @ecrc`thrs wjte tehsh Ij`rf
@ecpmffb Puppdhihgts!

:8