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    DR Mohd Kaleem Khan Assistant Professor Department of Forensic Medicine JNMCH AMU Aligarh

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    1) Abrus precatorius, Ricinus communis, and Croton tiglium are poisonous plants whose seeds contain toxic proteins that inhibit protein synthesis and cause gastrointestinal distress. 2) Calotropis gigantea contains cardiac glycosides that can cause circulatory and respiratory failure. Plumbago rosea contains irritant compounds used to induce abortions and artificial bruises. 3) Ergot fungus grows on grains and contains alkaloids with vasoconstrictive effects leading to limb ischemia, gangrene, and other symptoms of acute and chronic poisoning. Several plants have medicolegal importance in abortions, homicides, and animal poisonings.

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    DR Mohd Kaleem Khan Assistant Professor Department of Forensic Medicine JNMCH AMU Aligarh

    Uploaded by

    ranjithreddy916gmail
    33 views48 pages
    1) Abrus precatorius, Ricinus communis, and Croton tiglium are poisonous plants whose seeds contain toxic proteins that inhibit protein synthesis and cause gastrointestinal distress. 2) Calotropis gigantea contains cardiac glycosides that can cause circulatory and respiratory failure. Plumbago rosea contains irritant compounds used to induce abortions and artificial bruises. 3) Ergot fungus grows on grains and contains alkaloids with vasoconstrictive effects leading to limb ischemia, gangrene, and other symptoms of acute and chronic poisoning. Several plants have medicolegal importance in abortions, homicides, and animal poisonings.

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    Vegetables irritants

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    Vegetableirritant 150829044445 Lva1 App6891

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    1) Abrus precatorius, Ricinus communis, and Croton tiglium are poisonous plants whose seeds contain toxic proteins that inhibit protein synthesis and cause gastrointestinal distress. 2) Calotropis gigantea contains cardiac glycosides that can cause circulatory and respiratory failure. Plumbago rosea contains irritant compounds used to induce abortions and artificial bruises. 3) Ergot fungus grows on grains and contains alkaloids with vasoconstrictive effects leading to limb ischemia, gangrene, and other symptoms of acute and chronic poisoning. Several plants have medicolegal importance in abortions, homicides, and animal poisonings.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pdf or txt
    33 views48 pages

    DR Mohd Kaleem Khan Assistant Professor Department of Forensic Medicine JNMCH AMU Aligarh

    Uploaded by

    ranjithreddy916gmail
    1) Abrus precatorius, Ricinus communis, and Croton tiglium are poisonous plants whose seeds contain toxic proteins that inhibit protein synthesis and cause gastrointestinal distress. 2) Calotropis gigantea contains cardiac glycosides that can cause circulatory and respiratory failure. Plumbago rosea contains irritant compounds used to induce abortions and artificial bruises. 3) Ergot fungus grows on grains and contains alkaloids with vasoconstrictive effects leading to limb ischemia, gangrene, and other symptoms of acute and chronic poisoning. Several plants have medicolegal importance in abortions, homicides, and animal poisonings.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 48

    Dr Mohd Kaleem Khan

    Assistant Professor
    Department Of Forensic Medicine
    JNMCH AMU Aligarh
    Abrus Precatorius Indian Liquorice/ Ratti

    • All parts of plants are poisonous esp. seeds.

    • Seeds are size of small pea, red in colour, egg shape,


    having black spot on one end or may be white or yellow

    • active principle:
    – Abrin ( toxic protein that disables ribosomes, inhibits protein
    synthesis, antigenic properties, hemolytic properties);
    – Abrine- an amino acid; haemagglutinin,
    – Abralin- a glycoside
    • Abrus precatorius,
    Known commonly as

    – Jequirity, crab's eye,rosary pea, precatory pea or bean, john


    crow bead, indian licorice, akar saga,
    – Gidee gideeor jumbie bead in trinidad & tobago,
    – Is a slender, perennial climber that twines around trees,
    shrubs, and hedges.
    – It is a legume with long, pinnate-leafleted leaves.
    SEEDS

    Red and black white


    PLANT

    Plant Necklace
    MOA

    • Inhibit RNA polymerase


    • Binds to endoplasmic reticulum of gut mucosal cells
    l/t diarrhoea.

    • F.D. : 1 seed
    • F.P. : 3- 5 days
    USES
    – The seeds of abrus precatorius are much valued in native jewelry for their
    bright color.

    – There have been cases of death by a finger-prick while boring the seeds for
    beadwork.

    – These seeds to weigh gold using a measure called a ratti, where 8 ratti = 1
    masha; 12 masha = 1 tola (11.6 grams.

    – In siddha medicine, the white variety is used to prepare oil that is claimed to be
    an aphrodisiac .

    – Ayurveda because it is said to promote/stimulate hair growth.


    Sign and Symptom

    • On ingestion:
    • Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, bloody diarrhoea,
    • Vertigo, tinnitus, and giddiness,
    • Cold clammy skin, irregular pulse, laboured breathing,
    convulsions,
    • Haemolysis, oliguria and death d/t cardiac failure.

    • Injected:
    • Resembles viperine snake bite.
    • Inflammation, oedema, oozing of fluid.
    • Painful swelling and necrosis of muscles and regional lymph node
    may occur.
    TREATMENT

    • Gastric lavage
    • Suis should be excised
    • Anti abrin
    • A mixture of dilute hydrochloric acid and pepsin
    • Symptomatic treatment
    Medicolegal Aspect
    – Accidental in children
    – Suis made from opium, dhatura, onion and spirit
    and used for animal poisoning
    – Seeds act as abortificient

    – Malingering: conjunctivitis

    – Arrow poison
    Ricinus communis (Castor, Arandi)
    • Entire plant is poisonous esp. seeds except oil.
    • Seeds are smooth, flat, oval, mottled, dark brown
    marking, bright and polished and occur in large and
    small form.

    Active principle:
    • Toxalbumin RICIN, a water soluble glycoprotein
    Green Red
    Small seed Large seed
    MOA:
    • Antigenic- causes agglutination, hemolysis and cell
    destruction

    • Blocks protein synthesis through inhibition of RNA


    polymerase

    • Ricin has special binding protein that gains access to


    the endoplasmic reticulum of GIT causing diarrhoea
    Sign and Symptom

    • Dust of seeds causes:


    • Watering of eyes, conjunctivitis
    • Rhinitis, acute nasal inflammation
    • Headache, pharyngitis, bronchitis
    • Dermatitis
    • Gastric upset
    • Ingestion
    • GIT: burning pain in throat, colicky abdominal pain, cramping,
    nausea, thirst, vomiting and diarrhea.
    • CNS: vertigo, drowsiness, delirium, convulsions coma
    • Uremia, jaundice, feeble pulse, shock and dehydration
    • F.D. : 10- 20 seeds
    • F.P. : 3-5 days

    • Treatment:
    • Gastric lavage
    • Emetics and demulscents
    • symptomatic
    PM Appearance:

    • Mucosa congested, softened, inflamed, erosions, fragment of


    seeds may be present
    • Dilatation of heart, pleural Hg, edema of Liver, kidney spleen
    and lung

    MLI:
    • Accidental in children
    • Rarely homicidal( The Umbrella Murder Case)
    • Bioterrorism
    Croton tiglium (jamal gota)
    • Croton tiglium, known as Purging Croton, is a plant species
    in the Euphorbiaceae family.

    • C. tiglium is also called Jamaal Gota in Hindi and Urdu.

    • Seeds are dark brown, oval, similar to croton but not


    mottled and lustureless.

    • All parts of plant are poisonous but seeds contain


    maximum conc. of Active principle.
    Plant Seed
    Uses
    • C. tiglium is used in traditional Chinese medicine,
    •
    • C. tiglium is known as Japaala/or "Jayapala" in Sinhala and
    used in Sinhala traditional medical system of Sri Lanka.

    • Seeds have a powerful purge.

    • Is a valuable remedy in diarrhoea, summer complaint, and


    Skin affections, in Homeopathic remedies
    Toxic effect
    • Active principle:
    – Crotin (toxalbumin)
    – Crotoniside ( glycoside

    Ingestion
    – Burning pain in throat and stomach, salivation, colicky abdominal
    pain, cramping, nausea, thirst, vomiting and bloody diarrhoea.
    – Prostration circulatory and respiratory collapse
    – Applied to skin
    – Burning redness and vesication
    • F.D. : 4 crushed seeds or 3 drops of oil
    • F.P. : 6-3 days

    • Treatment:
    • GL
    • Emetics and demulscents
    • Morphine and atropine
    • symptomatic
    PM Appearance:
    • Mucosa congested, softened, inflamed, erosions,
    fragment of seeds may be present
    • Dilatation of heart, pleural Hg, oedema of Liver,
    kidney spleen and lung

    • MLI:
    • Accidental
    • Rarely homicidal and suicidal
    • Roots and oil as abortificient
    • Arrow poison
    Calotropis gigantea/ calotropis
    procera
    madar or akdo
    • Dried root freed from the outer cortical is
    called Madar

    • Active principle: uscharin, calotoxin,


    calactin, calotropin (cardiac glycoside) and
    gigantin (contained in serum)
    Uses:
    • Flowers: digestive , carminative, tonic
    • Leaves: purgatives, emetic
    • Milky juice : vesicant, depilatory and t/t of
    chronic skin condition
    • Tincture of bark or root: dysentry
    • Dried bark: expectorant, emetic and
    purgative
    Sign and symptoms
    • External – irritant vasication, conjunctivitis
    • Internal – gastrointestinal and cerebral
    poison
    Medico- legal importance
    • Madar juice is commonly used as an
    abortifacient,
    • May be used for homicide , suicide or
    infanticide
    • Animal poison
    • Artificial bruise
    • Arrow poison
    Plumbago rosea/ plumbago
    zeylinca
    lal chitra/ chitra
    • Roots are most poisonous
    • Active principle: plumbagin (glycoside) –
    strong irritant and in small doses it
    stimulates contractions of heart, intestine
    and uterus and in large doses causes
    respiratory failure.
    Medico-legal importance
    • Abortion
    • Homicide
    • paste of stem or leaves : for artificial
    bruise
    • Powdered leaves and roots: t/t of leprosy,
    scabies and influenza
    Semecarpus anacardium
    marking nut/ bhilawan
    • Fruit is black, heart shape, having rough
    projection at base.
    • Fleshy pericarp contains thick, oily, acrid
    juice which turns black when mixed with
    lime and exposed to air
    • Active principle: bhilawanol, semicarpol
    Sign and symptoms
    • On skin: irritation and painful blister.
    • lesion resembles bruise which may
    ulcerate and slough

    • F.D.: 5- 10 gm
    • F.P. : 12- 24 hr
    Medico-legal importance
    • Accidental
    • Artificial bruise
    • Criminal abortion
    • Malingering : conjunctivitis
    • vitriolage
    Difference

    Artificial bruise True bruise


    • Cause : chemical • Trauma
    • Situation: accessible • Anywhere
    • Appearance : blister • No blister
    formation • Present
    • Colour changes: absent • Present
    • Ecchymosis: • Extravasated blood
    absent
    • Absent
    • Content: acrid serum
    • Absent
    • Itching present
    • Negative
    • Analysis chemical
    present
    Ergot
    • Dried fungus Claviceps purpurea which
    grows on stale grains particularly rye ,
    wheat, barley and maize
    • Active principle: alkaloids- ergotoxin,
    ergotamine and ergometrine
    • MoA: vaso-constricting agent and
    stimulates smooth ms contraction of
    arterioles , intestine and uterus
    Acute poisoning
    • Nausea , vomiting and diarrhoea
    • Respiratory distress
    • Paraesthesias, ms cramps
    • Dizziness, dilated pupil, bleeding from
    nose, unconciousess

    • F.D. : 1-2 gm
    Chronic poisoning
    • Convulsive type: twitching, tingling,
    numbness and painful contraction of
    voluntary muscles, headache, drowsiness,
    giddiness, formification and convulsions

    • Gangrenous type: resembles raynaud’s


    disease (St. Anthony’s fire), numbness
    tingling anaesthesia, may be dry gangrene
    in fingers toes, ears, nose, hands
    Treatment

    • Symptomatic
    • emesis
    • Nitroprusside or nitroglycerine
    • Prazocine, captopril, nifedipine and
    cyproheptidine for limb ischaemia
    • phenobarbital
    MLI:

    • Accidental poisoning
    • Abortifacient

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