Properties of Areas:

Equation Graph Area Location of Centroid

y
zero degree
1
y=h bh b

b
2

y
1st degree

h
b 1 1
y = mx bh b
C • 2 3
y
2nd degree
x b
h

1 1
y = kx2 bh b
3 4
•

3rd degree
x
h

1 1
b

y = kx3 bh b
4 5
•
y

nth degree
x

1 1
b

y = kxn ∙ bh ∙b
n+1 n+2
•
x
h

Problem:
A train travels between two stations 792 m apart in a minimum time of 41
seconds. If the train accelerates and decelerates at 2.4 m/sec 2, starting from rest at the
first station and coming to
a stop at the second station, what is the maximum speed? How long does it travel at
this top speed?
2.4
A m/s
t3 Acceleration
t
t1 t2 -2.4
diagram
m/s

v v v Velocity
t diagram
t1 t2 t3

S3 = Distance
S diagram
t
S1 S2
SOLUTION:
V =2.4 t 1 V= area under a-t curve --------------------------- 1
V =2.4 t 3 --------------------------- 2

Equate 1 and 2
t 1=t 3 ---------------------------- 3
givent=41 seconds
t=41=t 1+t 2+t 3
t 1+t 2+ t 3=41
2 t 1+t 2=41
t 2=41−2t 1 --------------------------- 4
Vt 1
S 1= area under the V-t curve --------------------------- 5
2
Vt 1
S 2=S 1+Vt 2∨ +Vt 2 --------------------------- 6
2
Vt 3 Vt 1 Vt 3 Vt 1 Vt 1
S 3=S 2+
2
∨ (
2
+Vt 2 + )
2
∨
2
+Vt 2+
2

2 Vt 1
S 3=792= +Vt 2=Vt 1+ Vt 2
2
¿ V ( t 1+t 2 )
¿ V ( t 1+41−2t 1 )
¿ 2.4 t 1 ( t 1+ 41−2 t 1 )
330=t 1 ¿
330−41 t+t 12 =0
( t 1−11 ) ( t 1−30 ) ; use t=11 seconds
m
V =2.4 t 1=2.4 (11 seconds )=26.4 ( maximum speed )
sec

Time it travelled at top speed;

t 2=41−2t 1
¿ 41−2 ( 11 )=19 seconds

H
V
y
A 60 degrees

R
V 2 sin
H= x=Vcos t
2g
V 2 sin❑ 1
y=Vsin t− >2 ¿
R=
g 2

y=xtan−g x 2 /2V 2 cos ⁡2

Problem: (ME Board Oct 1997)

A shot is fired at an angle of 45with a horizontal and a velocity of 300 ft/sec. find the
height and the range of the projectile.
GIVEN:
Vo= 300ft/sec
= 45
Required: height of the projectile
range of the projectile
ft 2 2
( 300
sec❑ ) sin 45❑
V 2 sin2 ❑ ¿
H= = ¿
2g (2)¿ ¿

V 2 sin 2 ( 300 ft , sec❑ )2 sin 2 ( 45 )

R= = 2
g
32.2 ft sec 2❑ = ( 300 ) (1) =2795.03 ft ¿
¿ 32.2
Another solution:
At the highest point of the projectile curve, Vy = 0
V y 2=Vo y 2−2 gy ; Voy=Vosin

300 ft 2 (
0= ( sec ) −2 32.2 ) ( y)

0=( 300 sin 45 )2−2( 32.2)( y ) ----------------------------- y=698.75 ft

As the shot touches the ground (for the range) y=0
g x2
y=tan ❑− ; 0=xtan 45
2V o 2 cos
( 32.2 )( x )2
2
( 2 )( 300 ) cos2 45
1=0.0003578 x
x=2794.85∨2795.0 ft
Assignment:
Prepare 3 problems with solution on rectilinear motion with variable acceleration
and 3 problems also with solution on motion curves.

Curvilinear Translation
In curvilinear motion, the displacement vector will change in both magnitude and
inclination. Concepts of velocity and acceleration must be extended to include both
these changes in displacement. Velocity is always directed tangent to the curved path of
the motion. The acceleration is not tangent to the path

Vy V
y yyy

A Vx

x
Vx= horizontal component of velocity
Vy= vertical component of velocity
Rectilinear Components of Acceleration
The direction of the acceleration vector is not tangent to the path
Problem: (For Seatwork/ Assignment)
1. A man in a hot air balloon drops an apple at a height of 150 m. If the balloon is rising
at 15 m/sec. Find the highest point reached by the apple.
2. A stone is projected from the ground with a velocity of 15 m/sec at an angle of 30°
with the horizontal ground. How high in m will it rise? Use g= 9.817 m/sec 2 .

Kinetics of Curvilinear Translation (Dynamic Equilibrium)