Point Level Detection in Liquids and Bulk Solids: Selection and Engineering Guide
Point Level Detection in Liquids and Bulk Solids: Selection and Engineering Guide
Point Level Detection in Liquids and Bulk Solids: Selection and Engineering Guide
Solutions Services
Legende
Step by step C
The pamphlet contains two chapters: Point level detection in liquids and point
level detection in bulk solids.
A
Overview of measuring principles
The first pages contain an overview of measuring principles for point level
detection of Endress+Hauser in diagrams. Subsequently, the mode of
operation of the measuring principle and the respective product family are
introduced.
Checklist
You should know the specific requirements of your application for the selection
of a suitable point level switch. The checklist provides an overview and is
supposed to assist you in acquiring this data and taking it as completely as
possible into consideration.
B
Selection of the measuring principles
The suitable measuring principle is selected according to two criteria:
- application and
- process requirements.
First, the measuring principles are listed in accordance with specific plant
criteria (vessel, conveyor belt, etc.) and then in accordance with specific
medium criteria (high temperatures, aggressiveness, etc.)
Select the measuring principle which meets, if possible, all of the criteria
demanded by you or your plant. The measuring principles are listed from left
to right according to their suitability. The ideal measuring principle is listed
C
first and edged in blue.
Engineering
After the selection of the optimum instrument, please check the installation
instructions at the end of the respective measuring principle. You will find
basic guidelines supporting safe instrument installation and application.
Contents
2. Checklist ........................................................................................... 10 A
3.1 Selection of measuring principle according to application .......... 12
• Tank / vessel ........................................................................................... 12
• Piping ....................................................................................................... 14
C
• Float switch: Liquifloat .......................................................................... 37
• Radiometry: The radiometric measuring principle is not considered
in this section. Please contact our application consultants in your
country for detailed information.
T
Process conditions
f
Pressure r
(bar/ E
psi) o
p
Radiometric
Conductive
Vibronic
Capacitance
Float switch
Temperature (°C/°F)
Price
Radiometric
Capacitance
Vibronic
Conductive
Float switch
Performance
Vibronic Liquiphant
A sensor in form of a tuning Free of calibration and
fork is excited at its resonant maintenance.
frequency. The drive works For all liquids, also if build-
piezoelectrically. The oscillating up, turbulence or air bubbles
frequency changes as the fork occur, unaffected by the electric
enters the medium. The change properties of the medium.
is analyzed and translated into a
switching signal. Process temperatures up to
+280°C/+536°F
Process pressures up to
100bar/1,450psi
Conductive Liquipoint
The resistance between two Simple and price-effective.
measuring electrodes changes For conductive liquids like water,
by the presence or absence of a waste water and liquid foods, etc.
medium. In single-rod probes,
the electrically conductive Process temperatures up to
tank wall serves as a counter +250°C/+482°F
electrode. Process pressures up to
160bar/2,320psi
Capacitance Liquicap
A capacitance probe may Available with active build-up
be compared to an electric compensation for highly viscous
condenser. As the tank is filled, media.
the probe capacity increases. This
change is electrically analyzed. Process temperatures up to
+200°C/+392°F
Process pressures up to
100bar/1,450psi
A
Float switch Liquifloat
As the switch floats up and Simple and price-effective.
down on the surface of a liquid, For liquids like water, waste
an installed sensor detects water, acids and lyes.
its position and triggers the
switching operation. Process temperatures up to
+85°C/+185°F
Process pressures up to
3bar/43.5psi
Radiometry Gammapilot
The gamma source, a cesium or Non-contact measurement
cobalt isotope, emits radiation from outside, for all extreme
which is attenuated as it applications, e.g. very abrasive,
passes through materials. The corrosive and aggressive media.
measuring effect results from the
absorption of radiation by the Any process temperature
product to be measured which is Any process pressure
caused by level changes.
The measuring system consists For more detailed information,
of a source and a detector as a please contact our application
receiver. consultant in your country or use
the Applicator selection software.
2. Checklist
You need to know your specific application requirements for a
A
correct selection. The checklist opposite provides an overview of TIP
relevant process data and is supposed to help you to take these
into consideration. If we have not included all of the data, please Copy this checklist and complete it to have
supplement this list with your criteria. all relevant data readily available for the
The checklist is used both for the selection of the measuring selection.
principle and the selection of the instrument.
to have
or the
The most important terms/abbreviations
ATEX
AT= Atmosphere, EX = Explosive. Abbreviation of the French working title of the EU
A
Guideline 94/9/EC
FM „Factory Mutual“. American approval authority for explosion protection
National Supervision and Inspection Centre for Explosion Protection and Safety of
NEPSI
Instrumentation. Chinese approval authority for explosion protection
International Electrotechnical Commission. Internationale approval authority for
IEC
explosion protection
CSA Canadian Standard Association. Canadian approval authority for explosion protection
DIP Dust Ignition Proof. English term for explosion protection in dusty environment
XP Explosion Proof
IS Intrinsic Safe
TIIS „Technology Institute of Industrial Safety“. Japanese test body for Ex approvals
Wasserhaushaltsgesetz. Overfill prevention/leakage alarms are certified according
WHG
to WHG
SIL Safety Integrity Level. Safety levels according to IEC 61508/61511
CRN Canadian Registration Number. Canadian pressure guideline
Electronics
3-wire Connection for Endress+Hauser switching unit
AC Connection for alternating voltage
DC-PNP Connection for direct voltage with transistor output (open collector)
Relay + DPDT Double Pole Double Throw; relay as double change-over contact
PulseFrequenzyModulation; extremely interference-proof signal transmission
PFM
between sensor electronics and switching unit
NAMUR Direct current interface for sensors and switching amplifiers (IEC 60947-5-6)
PROFIBUS® Fieldbus technology
HART® Fieldbus technology
FF FOUNDATION™ fieldbus
Flanges
EN European flange standard; flanges according to EN 1092
ANSI American flange standard; flanges according to ANSI B 16.5
JIS Japanese flange standard; flanges according to JIS
Instrumentation
Compact Signal output is directly available from probe electronics (e.g. DC-PNP, relay SPST)
Separate Signal output is available via an additional switching unit (top-hat rail or 19“ card)
instrument. (e.g. relay SPDT). The switching unit also supplies the sensor with power
Certification
„European Hygienic Equipment Design Group“. An independent group with different
EHEDG subgroups which discuss special subjects concerning hygiene requirements and
prepare their publication.
„3-A Sanitary Standards“ are voluntary norms of the American „International
3-A
Association of Milk, Food and Environmental Sanitarian“.
„Food and Drug Administration“. American approval authority. Materials, special
FDA
plastics are subject to respective guidelines for their use in pharmaceutical/food plants
3.1 Material test certificate for special steels
„National Association of Corrosion Engineering“. Material test certificate for special
NACE
steels including degree of hardness and cooling/annealing temperature of steel
B
Our proposal
Vibronic Capacitance Co
Liquiphant Liquicap M Liq
Advantages ••Free of calibration and maintenance ••Universally adaptable probe ••Very simpl
••Unaffected by medium technology principle, e
••May be used in applications involving ••Reliable operation also in strong ••Multipoint
turbulences, gassing liquids and build-up build-up formation and viscous process co
forming media media ••Simple rod
••Compact o
instrumen
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to +100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi -1 to +100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi -1 to 160ba
••Process temperature -60 to +280°C/-76 to +536°F -80 to +200°C/-112 to +392°F -200 to +25
••Ambient temperature -50 to +70°C/-58 to +158°F -50 to +120°C/-58 to +248°F -200 to +25
••Approvals ATEX G/D, INMETRO, FM, CSA, NEPSI, TIIS, ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, EHEDG, WHG, ATEX G, WH
IEC, SIL, 3-A, EHEDG, WHG, CRN NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, 3-A, CRN
Application limits ••For viscous media see capacitance with ••Foam generates capacity change ••Conductive
build-up compensation and is recognized recognized
••Standard instruments do not recognize ••Condensate formation in ••Conductivi
foam as a liquid nozzle – select inactive length (< 10µS/cm
••Gas bubbles in pipes ••DC < 1.6 ••Electrode c
Tank / vessel
••Operational point level
••Overfill prevention (WHG)
••Leakage monitoring
••Changing media
B
e Conductive Float switch Radiometric
Liquipoint T Liquifloat T Gammapilot
Tank / vessel
probe ••Very simple measuring ••Simple and price-effective ••Non-contact from outside
principle, easy handling ••Connecting cable for different ••Exact measurement under extreme
in strong ••Multipoint detection with one media (resistance) conditions
d viscous process connection ••Density measurement
••Simple rod adjustment ••Interface measurement
••Compact or separate
instrumentation
B
Our proposal
Vibronic Conductive
Liquiphant Pump protection FTW360
Piping
••Installation in pipes as pump or dry-run protection
••Changing media
••Nominal width of pipe starting DN25
Capacitance Radiometric
TW360 Liquicap M Gammapilot
B
Our proposal
Vibronic Capacitance
Liquiphant Liquicap M
Aggressive media
Aggressive media
(e.g. chemical industry applications)
••Material requirements
••Coatings
••Functional safety (SIL)
••Ex certificates
••Second line of defense
B
Radiometric
Gammapilot
50psi As required
2°F As required
°F -40 to +120°C/-40 to +248°F
(starting 60°C/140°F water cooling)
394” As required
Assembly clamp
A, AC, DC, 2-wire 8/16mA, relay, 4-wire 4 to 20mA
(HART®), PROFIBUS®, FOUNDATION™ fieldbus
, WHG, ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, IECEx Ex d ia, NEPSI, TIIS,
RN SIL, WHG
nge and ••Observe radiation protection provisions
••Further information from our sales team
nozzle ••Applicator for configuring the measuring
point
B Our proposal
Vibronic Radiometric
Liquiphant Gammapilot
••Pressure requirements
••Materials according to NACE
••Second line of defense
••Ex certificates
••Functional safety (SIL)
treme
ling)
4-wire
S®,
ia,
sales
Our proposal
Capacitance Vibronic
Liquicap M Liquiphant
••Cryogenic conditions
••Functional safety (SIL)
si As required
As required
-40 to +120°C/-40 to +248°F
(starting 60°C/140°F water cooling)
As required
Assembly clamp
elay, AC, DC, 2-wire 8/16mA, relay, 4-wire 4 to 20mA
(HART®), PROFIBUS®, FOUNDATION™ fieldbus
, IEC, SIL, ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, IECEx Ex d ia, NEPSI, TIIS,
SIL, WHG
tance with ••Observe radiation protection provisions
••Further information from our sales team
recognize ••Applicator for configuring the measuring point
B
Our proposal
Vibronic Capacitance
Liquiphant Liquicap M
Advantages ••Free of calibration and maintenance ••Reliable operation also in strong ••Truly flush
••Standard instruments do not recognize build-up ••Continuou
foam as a liquid ••Non-conductive foam is not changing m
••Self-monitoring for build-up and corrosion recognized as a liquid ••Reliable po
with build-
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to +100bar/-14.5 to +1,450psi -1 to +100bar/-14.5 to +1,450psi -1 to +25ba
••Process temperature -60 to +280°C/-76 to +536°F -80 to +200°C/-112 to +392°F -20 to +100
(+150°C/+3
••Ambient temperature -50 to +70°C/-58 to +158°F -50 to +120°C/-58 to +248°F -40 to +70°C
Foaming media
(e.g. dairy, brewing or vacuum processes)
Conductive Radiometric
Liquipoint Gammapilot
Foaming media
in strong ••Truly flush mounted installation ••Non-contact from outside
••Continuous functionality through ••Exact measurement under extreme conditions
not changing media ••Density measurement
••Reliable point level detection even ••Interface measurement
with build-up
B
Our proposal
Capacitance Vibronic C
Liquicap M Liquiphant Pump pr
Advantages ••Reliable operation also in strong ••Strong build-up formation leads to ••Active buil
build-up formation and highly safety-oriented switching ••Front-flush
viscous liquids ••Adjustable
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to 100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi -1 to +100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi -1 to 10bar/
••Process temperature -80 to +200°C/-112 to +392°F -60 to +280°C/-76 to +536°F -20 to +100
••Ambient temperature -50 to +120°C/-58 to +248°F -50 to +70°C/-58 to +158°F -20 to +60°C
Conductive Radiometric
Pump protection FTW360 Gammapilot
B
Our proposal
Vibronic Capacitance
Liquiphant Liquicap M Li
••Process temperature -50 to +150°C/-58 to +302°F -80 to +200°C/-112 to +392°F -20 to +100
(+150°C/+3
••Ambient temp. -50 to +70°C/-58 to +158°F -50 to +120°C/-58 to +248°F -40 to +70°C
••Measuring range 35 to 6,000mm/1.4 to 236” 100 to 10,000mm/3.9 to 394” 1µS/cm to 1
••Process connection Aseptic, SMS, Varivent, RA 0.3µm Triclamp, dairy fitting, Thread, hygi
Triclamp, dairy fitting Front-flush solutions
••Electric connection AC, DC, relay, PROFIBUS®, NAMUR, PFM PFM, relay, AC/DC, 8/16mA, 2-wire, DC-PNP
3-wire, NAMUR
••Approvals ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, 3-A, ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, EHEDG, WHG, 3-A, EHEDG
EHEDG, WHG, CRN NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, 3-A, CRN
Application limit ••For viscous media, see capacitance with build- ••Foam causes capacity change and ••Non-condu
up compensation is recognized ••Dry, non-c
••Standard instruments do not recognize foam ••Condensate formation in nozzle –
as a liquid Select inactive length
••Gas bubbles in pipes ••DC < 1.6
Hygiene application
(e.g. production of foods or pharmaceuticals)
••Surface finish
••Approvals (EHEDG, 3-A)
••FDA conforming materials
••Capable of CIP and SIP
••Hygiene process connections
B
e Conductive Capacitance/Conductive
Liquipoint FTW33 Liquipoint FTW23
Liquiphant S Liquiphant
FTL70/71 FTL80/81/85
C
Applications ••For high temperatures and high pressures, ••For high degree of failure safety: Safety ••Universal s
e.g. in the petrochemical and chemical Integrity Level up to SIL3 e.g. in the including a
industry, power plants petrochemical and chemical industry, connection
oil & gas ••Recurring
Special features ••Sensor materials designed for high ••Redundant sensor design in one ••Density ad
temperatures instrument ••Switching
••Gastight process seal ••Integrated self-testing every 3 seconds manufactu
••Recurring test by push button ••Proof test interval may be extended up ••Recurring
to 12 years
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to 100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi -1 to 100bar/-14.5 to 1,450psi -1 to 100bar
••Process temperature -60 to +280°C/-76 to +536°F -60 to +280°C/-76 to +536°F -50 to +150
••Process connection Thread: ¾, 1, (G, R, NPT) Thread: ¾, 1 (G, R, NPT) Thread: ¾, 1
Flanges: ANSI, JIS, DIN Flanges: ANSI, JIS, EN Flanges: ANS
••Ambient
temperature -50 to +70°C/-58 to +158°F -40 to +70°C/-40 to +158°F, -50 to +70°C
optional -50 bis +70°C/-58 to +158°F,
optional -60 bis +70°C/-76 to +158°F
••Viscosity/density < 10,000cSt, 0.7g/cm3, 0.5g/cm3 < 10,000mPA s, > 0,44g/cm3 < 10,000cSt
••Measuring range 50.5 to 6,000mm/2 to 236” 118 to 6,000mm/4.3 to 236” 50.5 to 6,00
••Housing design 155 to 190mm/5.9 to 7.5” 185.5mm/7.1” Min. 150 to
••Sensor material Duplex 316/318L, Hastelloy C22 316L, 318L, Alloy C22, Emaille, PFA, 316L, Haste
ECTFE, PFA conductive
••Surface finish 3.2µm 3.2µm 3.2µm
••Electrical connection AC-2-wire, DC-PNP, 8/16mA, relay, 4 to 20mA optional with separate AC-2-wire, D
PROFIBUS®, NAMUR, PFM switching unit PROFIBUS®,
••Approvals ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, ATEX G/D, IECEx, FM, CSA, CRN, NEPSI, ATEX G/D, F
3-A, WHG, CRN TIIS, SIL, WHG, VdTÜV100 WHG, CRN
••Settings Density changeover switch, min./max. Density switch Density chan
safety safety
••Ingress protection IP 66/67/68 IP 65/66/68, NEMA 4x/6P IP 66/67/68
••Design Compact and with tube extension Compact and with tube extension Compact and
Vibronic
Most universal liquid limit switch
••Unaffected by media
••Ready for use without calibration
••Self-monitoring for build-up and corrosion
••May be used in turbulent and effervesce liquids
Vibronic
Continued on page 30
Liquiphant M Liquiphant M
FTL50/51 FTL50H/51H
C
fety: Safety ••Universal standard modular system ••Universal modular system for hygiene
. in the including all required approvals, process applications including all required approvals
industry, connections and electrical connections and process connections
••Recurring test by push button
one ••Density adaptation ••Density adaptation
••Switching velocity can be set at ••Polished sensor surfaces
3 seconds manufacturer’s plant ••Sensor materials FDA conform
tended up ••Recurring test by push button
Vibronic Vib
Continued from page 29
Sensor length*
Applications ••Modular system for aggressive ••Compact sensor suitable ••Food applications, e.g.
C
media, e.g. chemicals for installation even in dairies or breweries
••Numerous coatings confined conditions, ••Applications requiring
especially in the hygiene design (external
machinery industry and steam cleaning of process
industrial applications connections)
Special features ••Density adaptation ••Density adaptation ••Gap-free housing design
••Switching velocity can be set ••External ••External performance test
at manufacturer’s plant performance test possible possible
••Recurring test by push button
Technical data
••Process -1 to 40bar/ -1 to 40bar/ -1 to 40bar/
pressure -14.5 to 580psi -14.5 to 580psi -14.5 to 580psi
••Process -50 to +150°C/-58 to +302°F -40 to +150°C/ -40 to +150°C/
temperature (230°C/446°F option) -40 to +302°F -40 to +302°F
••Process Flanges: ANSI, JIS, DIN Thread: ½, ¾, 1 (G, R, Thread: ½, ¾, 1 (G, R, NPT)
connection NPT) Triclamp, dairy fitting, front-
flush solutions
••Ambient temp. -50 to +70°C/-58 to +158°F -40 to +70°C/-40 to +158°F -40 to +70°C/-40 to +158°F
••Viscosity/density < 10,000cSt, 0.7g/cm3, 0.5g/cm3 < 10,000cSt, 0.7g/cm3 < 10,000cSt, 0.7g/cm3
••Measuring range 50.5 to 3,000mm/2 to 118” 35mm/1.4” 35mm/1.4”
(depending on coating)
••Housing height Min. 150 to max. 190mm/ 68.5 to 121.8mm/ 185.5mm/7.3”
5.9 to max. 7.5” 2.7 to 4.8” (+150°C/302°F)
••Sensor material Enamel, PFA, ECTFE, PFA 316L 316L
conductive
••Surface finish — 3.2µm 1.5µm
••Electrical AC-2-wire, DC-PNP, 8/16mA, AC/DC-2-wire, DC-PNP AC, DC
connection relay, PROFIBUS®, NAMUR,
PFM
••Approvals ATEX 1G Ex ia, ATEX 1/2 D, WHG, CRN, CSA C/US WHG, EHEDG, CRN, CSA
FM, CSA, NEPSI, TIIS, IEC, SIL, C/US
WHG, CRN
••Settings Density changeover switch, Min./max. safety Min./max. safety
min./max. safety
••Ingress protection IP 66/67/68 IP 65/66/67 IP 65/66/67/68/69
••Design Compact and with tube Compact Compact
extension
Vibronic
millimeter-under reference conditions (density 1g/cm3, 23°C, pe 0bar).
C
eweries Switch point For applications which do not permit the determination of the switch
requiring point during planning, the same may be subsequently adjusted via a
gn (external sliding sleeve.
ng of process
Optimum installation
using design
Align tuning fork in such a way that the narrow sides of the tines
formance test
point upwards and downwards allowing the liquid to drip freely (also
applicable to higher viscous media). Sufficient free space should be
provided for assembly, connections and setting.
”
F)
Dynamic load
In case of strong dynamic loads, support instruments with tube
extension by appropriate measures.
Capacitance
••Tried and tested in operation, robust and safe
••Simple commissioning
••Versatile
••Reliable function independent of build-up
C Liquicap M
FTI51/52
C
Cs = Probe capacity, see technical information
Installation recommendations
Rod probes should be installed horizontally only up to a length of 1m.
Capacitance
An inclined α installation angle supports dripping of higher viscous
media.
Probe selection
Conductive
••Multipoint detection with one process connection
••Price-effective instrumentation
Liquipoint Liquipoint
FTW33 FTW23
Conductive
-1 to +25bar/-14.5 to +362.5psi -1 to +16bar/-14.5 to +232psi
-20 to +100°C/-4 to +212°F -20 to +100°C/-4 to +212°F
(+150°C/+302°F for 1 h) (+135°C/+275°F for 1 h)
Thread, hygiene Thread, hygiene
-40 to +70°C/-40 to +158°F -40 to +70°C/-40 to +158°F
1µS/cm to 100mS/cm DC value > 20
— —
137mm/5.4“ 137mm/5.4“
Sensor: 316L Sensor: PEEK
Isolation: PEEK
g unit (relay) DC PNP DC PNP
3-A, EHEDG, CSA GP 3-A, EHEDG, CSA GP
Sensitivity, switching delay Switching delay
IP 65/66/69 IP 65/66/69
ign Compact Compact
Installation
••Tank of plastics or metal
••1 rod and 2 rod probes in pipes
••Rod probes may be installed from the top, the side or the
bottom. Rope probes are only installed from the top.
••In lateral installation:
••The sensor should be installed as inclined as possible
C
(10-30°)
••The sensor should not be installed in the intake flow
Rope probe
••Install the probe as much in the center as possible so that
the liquid cannot move the weight to the wall
C
CSM cable: -20°C to +85°C/-4 to +185°F
••Process Cable entry
connection
••Ambient temp. See process temperature
••Viscosity/density Min. 0.8g/cm3
••Measuring range 5/20m / 197/787” cable length
••Overall length 135mm/5.3” shell
••Sensor material Shell of PP
••Electrical AC, DC, NAMUR
connection
••Approvals ATEX G
••Ingress protection IP 68
••Design Cable and float
Step by step C
A
Overview of measuring principles
The first pages contain an overview of measuring principles for point level
detection of Endress+Hauser in diagrams. Subsequently, the mode of
operation of the measuring principle and the respective product family are
introduced.
Checklist
You should know the specific requirements of your application for the selection
of a suitable point level switch. The checklist provides an overview and is
supposed to assist you in acquiring this data and taking it as completely as
possible into consideration.
B
Selection of the measuring principle
The suitable measuring principle is selected according to two criteria:
- application and
- process requirements.
First, the measuring principles are listed in accordance with specific plant
criteria (vessel, conveyor belt, etc.) and then in accordance with specific
medium criteria (high temperatures, aggressiveness, etc.)
Select the measuring principle which meets, if possible, all of the criteria
demanded by you or your plant. The measuring principles are listed from left
to right according to their suitability. The ideal measuring principle is listed
first and edged in blue.
C
Selection of the instrument
You now move to the area of the selected measuring principle where you can
chose the suitable instrument of a product family. Compare your application
and process data with the instrument data.
Engineering
After the selection of the optimum
instrument please check the installation instructions at the end of the
respective measuring principle. You will find basic guidelines supporting safe
instrument installation and application.
Contents
2. Checklist ......................................................................................... 46
A
3.1 Selection of measuring principle according to application ........ 48
• Silo / tank / bin / blow tank ................................................................ 48
• Conveyor belts ....................................................................................... 50
• Filling nozzle / loader ........................................................................... 51
Process conditions
Temp.
°C/°F
T
Radiometric
400/750 f
r
Microwave
E
280/540 a
Capacitance
p
80/180
Vibronic
Paddle
0 10 25 50 100
Grain size (mm/inch)
Price
Radiometric
Microwave
Vibronic
Paddle
Capacitance
Performance
Paddle Soliswitch
The rotation of the paddle is Favorable limit switch for simple
stopped as it is covered by solids. applications with fine-grained
This actuates a relay. bulk solids.
Process temperatures up to
+80°C/+180°F
Process pressures up to
1.8bar/26psi
Vibronic Soliphant
A one-rod sensor or a tuning Universal limit switch for bulk
fork is excited at its resonant solids, also if media change.
frequency. The drive works
piezoelectrically. The amplitude Process temperatures up to
changes as the fork enters the +280°C/+540°F
medium. The change is analyzed Process pressures up to
and translated into a switching 25bar/360psi
signal. Medium density min. 10g/l
Radiometric Gammapilot
The gamma source, a cesium Non-contact measurement from
or cobalt isotope, emits outside, for all extreme applications,
radiation which is attenuated e.g. very abrasive, corrosive and
as it passes through aggressive media.
materials. Typical applications: Point level
The measuring effect results detection in pulp digesters, wood
from the absorption of chip silos and fluidized bed reactors
radiation by the product as or in density and mass flow
the level changes. measurement.
The measuring system
consists of a source and a ••Unaffected by media
detector as a receiver. ••Any process temperature
••Any process pressure
••Unaffected by gammagraphy
(FHG65)
2. Checklist
You need to know your specific application requirements for a
A
correct selection. The checklist opposite provides an overview of TIP
relevant process data and is supposed to help you to take these
into consideration. If we have not included all of the data, please Copy this checklist and complete it to have
supplement this list with your criteria. all relevant data readily available for the
The checklist is used both for the selection of the measuring selection.
principle and the selection of the instrument.
to have
or the
The most important terms/abbreviations
B
Our proposal
B
dle Microwave Radiometric
witch Soliwave Gammapilot
B Our proposal
B
Our proposal
to
nt
e Advantages ••Instrument variant with ••Very build-up ••Very robust
separate electronics compatible ••Tensile loads up to 60kN
••Abrasion-resistant, ••Maintenance-free ••Abrasion resistant
maintenance-free ••High lateral load ••Active condensate build-up
••Also for very light media
Technical data
/ ••Process -1 to 25bar/-14 to 360psi -1 to 25bar/ -1 to 25bar/-14 to 360psi
pressure -50 to +280°C/ -14 to 360psi -50 to +180°C/
••Process -60 to +530°F -40 to +120°C/ -60 to +350°F
temperature -40 to +250°F
••Grain size Up to 10mm/0.4” Up to 30mm/1” up to 100mm/4”
TIIS, ••Density Starting 10g/l — —
••Sensor length Starting 145mm/6” 140mm/5” 500 to 20,000mm/20 to 800”
••Sensor material 316L PPS, FDA-listed Steel, 316L, PTFE
Application ••See capacitance for ••DC < 1.6 ••DC < 1.6
limits
Filling nozzle / Loader
B
Our proposal
Advant
Hygiene applications
(e.g. after furnaces)
••High temperatures
above 150°C/300°F
••Separate instrumentation with
separate electronics
B
Our proposal
B
Our proposal
Vibronic Capacitance
Soliphant M Solicap M
Application limits ••See capacitance for grain size ••See vibronic for DC < 1.6 ••See capacit
> 10mm/0.4” Ø ••See microwave barrier for grain size conductive
••See microwave barrier for installation in > 100mm/4” Ø ••See capacit
intake flow ••See microwave barrier for installation in
intake flow
B
Microwave Radiometric
Soliwave Gammapilot
B
Our proposal
Capacitance Microwave
Solicap M Soliwave
Application limits ••DC < 1.6 or grain size > 100mm/4” Ø ••See capacitance in case of build-up with ••Grain size >
highly conductive media
••See capacitance in case of very low
attenuation
Lumpy media
(e.g. conveyor belts, stockpiles)
B
Vibronic Radiometric
Soliphant T Gammapilot
Lumpy media
50°C/ -40 to +150°C/-40 to +300°F As required
)
< 25mm/1” As required
Starting 200g/l As required
316L 316L or Alu
225 to 1,500mm/9 to 60” As required
ATEX D, CSA, FM, IEC, NEPSI ATEX G/D, FM, CSA, IECEx Ex d ia,
NEPSI, TIIS, SIL
-up with ••Grain size > 25mm/1” Ø ••Observe radiation protection
provisions
low ••Further information from our sales
team
••Applicator for configuring the
measuring point
B
Our proposal
Build-up forming /
hygroscopic / tacky media
••Powdery media, tending to strong
build-up on sensor and tank walls
••Clotting media
••Static charging
••Cornice formation in silos
B
Our proposal
B
Our proposal
C Vibronic
Soliphant M/T
Paddle
Soliswitch
Radiometric
Gammapilot
Capacitance
principle ••Easy commissioning
••Versatile
Continued on page 62
Solicap S Solicap M
FTI77 FTI55, FTI56
Applications ••Applications with temperatures ••Robust sensor for lumpy and abrasive
up to 400°C/750°F media
••Full and empty alarm ••Full and empty alarm
••Installation from top, side and ••Installation from top, side and bottom
bottom
Special features ••Robust probe ••Tensile load up to 60kN
••Side load 800Nm ••Side load 300Nm
••Unaffected by condensate and ••Easy rope adjustment
build-up ••Modular design
••Active build-up compensation ••Active build-up compensation
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to 10bar/-14 to 140psi -1 to 25bar/-14 to 360psi
••Process -20 to +400°C/ -50 to +180°C/
temperature -4 to +750°F -60 to +350°F
••Process Thread: 1½ (R, NPT) Thread: 1½ (R, NPT)
connection Flanges: EN, ANSI, JIS Flanges: EN, ANSI, JIS
••Grain size Up to 100mm/4” Up to 100mm/4”
••Measuring range 200 to 20,000mm/8 to 800” 200 to 20,000mm/8 to 800”
••Sensor material Steel, 316L, ceramic Steel, 316L, PTFE
••Housing material Alu, Polyester, 316L Alu, Polyester, 316L
••Electric Separate: PFM, 3-wire, NAMUR, Separate: PFM, 3-wire, NAMUR,
C,
connection 8/16mA 8/16mA
compact: DC, relay, 2-wire compact: DC, relay, 2-wire
••Approvals ATEX D, CSA, FM, SIL ATEX D, FM, CSA, TIIS, NEPSI, SIL
••Settings Min./max. safety Min./max. safety
••Design Sword and rope probe Rod and rope probe
••DC Starting 2 Starting 1.6
Capacitance
Continued from page 61
Minicap Nivector
FTC260, FTC262 FTI26
Capacitance
Min. or max. detection
Rod and rope probes may be used for both
max. and min. detection.
Switch point
The switch point depends on the properties
of the bulk solids (angled surface, dielectric
constant, flow properties ...).
Installation position
Rod probes may be installed from the top, side
or bottom. Rope probes only from the top.
In lateral position:
C
••Install the sensor as inclined as possible
(10-30°)
••Install a protective cover for heavy bulk solids
••Do not install sensor in the intake flow
••Provide a distance between two rod probe
ends of at least 200mm/8” (FTC260)
Rope probe
••Install probe as close to the center as
possible so that the angled surface cannot
press the weight to the wall
••The length of the rope may be adjusted
••Take tensile force into consideration
••Take intake flow into consideration
Vibronic
••Universal limit switch
••Largest variety of certificates, housings, electronic inserts,
process connections and sensor geometries
••Easy installation
••No wear and tear / maintenance-free
C
Applications ••Also for fluidized media ••Cost-effective and universal sensor
••Filling nozzle applications for all fine-grained and lumpy
••Solids under water media
••Full and empty alarm ••Solids under water
••Installation from the side, ••Full and empty alarm
top and bottom ••Installation from the side, top and
bottom
Special features ••Build-up and abrasion monitoring ••Simple self-cleaning
••Up to +280°C/+540°F ••Preferred in clotting media
••Most universal sensor also for the
finest media
••Coated and polished sensors
Technical data
••Process pressure -1 to 25bar/-14 to 360psi -1 to 25bar/-14 to 360psi
••Process temperature -50 to +280°C/-60 to +540°F -40 to +150°C/-40 to +300°F
••Process connection Thread: 1¼, 1½ (NPT, R), Triclamp Thread: 1¼, 1½ (NPT, R)
Flanges: ANSI, EN, JIS,
••Grain size Up to 10mm/0.4” Up to 25mm/1”
••Density Starting 10g/l Starting 200g/l
••Measuring range 145 to 20,000mm/6 to 800” 225 to 1,500mm/9 to 60”
••Sensor material 316L (0.8µm), PTFE, ETFE 316L
••Housing material PE, 316L, Aluminum PE, Aluminum
••Lateral load 600N 450N
••Electric AC-2-wire, DC-PNP, relay, DPDT, PFM, DC, DPDT
connection 8/16mA, NAMUR
••Approvals ATEX G/D, NEPSI, CSA+FM, TIIS, SIL2 ATEX D, CSA C/US, CSA+FM DIP
••Settings Sensitivity, time delay, diagnosis, Sensitivity, min./max. alarm
solids detection under water,
min./max. alarm
••Design Compact, tube extension, rope Compact, tube extension
extension
Switch point
The switch point depends on the properties of
the bulk solids (angled surface, density, grain
size, flow properties ...).
Installation position
Compact sensors and probes with tube
extension may be installed from the top, side
Vibronic
or bottom. Probes with rope extension only
C
from the top.
In lateral position:
••Ensure the tines (of the fork) are aligned
••longitudinally
••Install the sensor as inclined as possible
(10-30°)
••Install a protective cover for heavy bulk solids
••Do not install sensor in the intake flow
Rope extension
••Install probe as close to the center as
possible so that the angled surface cannot
press the weight
••to the wall
••The length of the rope may be adjusted for
the desired application (rope adjustment set)
••Take tensile force into consideration
••Take intake flow into consideration
Hygiene processes
••Hygiene applications, install sensor in a
manner permitting cleaning in process.
Paddle
••Price-effective measuring principle for simple applications
••Calibration not required
••Rotation monitoring
C
Soliswitch
FTE20
Switch point
The FTE20 can be adjusted to the bulk
material by presetting the switching pressure
accordingly.
Installation position
Compact sensors and those with tube
extension may be installed from the top, from
below or side. Sensors with rope extension
C
only from the top.
In lateral position:
••Provide a protective cover against collapsing
cornices
••Ensure cable glands point downwards
••Install 10-30° inclined at the top or vertically
Please do not:
••Install in the product flow
••Use an extremely long threaded nozzle
••Install vertically with a shaft length
> 300mm/11.8”
Paddle
••Install inclined at the bottom
Rope extension
••Install probe as close to the center as
possible so that the angled surface cannot
press the weight to the wall
••Take tensile force into consideration
••Take intake flow into consideration
Microwave barrier
••Non-contact point level detection with optional bulk flow monitoring
••Non-contact installation (transmission window) or front-flush installation
(contact)
••Measuring principle almost unaffected by process conditions (e.g. pressure,
temperature, aggressive and abrasive media, dust, contamination buildup)
••Also applicable in difficult applications, where other measurement methods
fail
Soliwave Soliwave
FDR56/FQR56 FDR57/FQR57/FTR525
C
Applications ••Non-invasive point level detection in ••Non-invasive point level detection in
powdery to lumpy media powdery to lumpy media
••Full and empty detection ••Full and empty detector
••Detection of contamination, build-up ••Ideal in hygiene applications
or similar matter ••Combined point level detection and
••Ideal in hygiene applications bulk flow monitoring possible
••Detection of fouling, accumulations
or similar
Special features ••Display of signal intensity by LED ••With optional integrated bulk flow
bargraph monitoring
••4 to 20mA analog output ••Comfortable and easy operation with
••Integrated switch amplifier graphical display
••Electronics housing 360° rotatable ••Parallel mode in tightest conditions
Technical data
••Process pressure 0.5 to 6.8bar/7.2 to 99psi abs. 0.5 to 6.8bar/7.2 to 99psi abs.
(0.5 to 21bar/7.2 to 305psi abs. with (0.5 to 21bar/7.2 to 305psi abs. with
high temperature adapter) high temperature adapter)
••Process -40 to +70°C/-40 to +158°F (-40 -40 to +70°C/-40 to +158°F
temperature to +450°C/-40 to +842°F with high (-40 to +450°C/-40 to +842°F with
temperature adapter) high temperature adapter)
••Process connection Thread: 1½ (R, G, NPT) Thread: 1½ (R, G, NPT)
••Grain size Optional Optional
••Density Starting 10g/l Starting 10g/l
••Detection range 0.03 to 100m/0.1 to 328ft 0.03 to 100m/0.1 to 328ft
••Sensor material PTFE or ceramics, aluminum or 316Ti PTFE or ceramics, 316Ti
••Housing material Polyester, aluminum or stainless steel Polyester, aluminum or stainless steel
••Signal output Relay SPDT, analog 4 to 20mA or solid Relay SPDT, solid-state relay, 4 to 20mA
state relay and alarm open collector
••Approvals ATEX D, CSA, IEC ATEX G/D, CSA, IECEx
••Settings FDR56: Sensitivity, hysteresis, limit FTR525: Sensitivity, hysteresis, limit
signal function, switching delays, signal function, switching point and
attenuation switching delays, attenuation
Switch point
••The switch point exclusively depends on the
orientation, the attenuation properties of bulk
solids and poss. the parameterized delay.
C
••Optionally for the analysis of build-up,
contamination or similar matter. E.g.
the progression of contamination from
„uncontaminated“ to „contaminated“ can be
analyzed (limit values may be set individually).
n in
Orientation
••Transmitter and transceiver must be installed
on opposite sides of the tank.
nd Easy installation ••If it is not possible to arrange transmitter and
transceiver on opposite sides for structural
1. Screw self-tightening connection
ns reasons, the microwave ray can be deflected via
thread into the process (hexagon key
planar metal mirrors (reflectors) (lowers range
of 55mm/2.2")
by approx. 10%, respectively).
w ••Interfering reflections on metal parts are to be
avoided.
with ••The parallel operation of several microwave
barriers to acquire different levels/point levels
ns is possible.
Assembly
2. Orientate transmitter and transceiver
ith ••Direct assembly with 1½ (R, G, NPT) threaded
to each other (both devices must face
connection through the tank wall (contact
each other)
installation, independent of tank materials).
Microwave barrier
••Optional fastening by accessories (e.g. clamps or
adapter flanges).
••If the tank wall is of material which does not
permit microwaves to penetrate, additional
windows permitting the penetration of
microwaves are to be installed in the tank
wall. For this purpose, extensive accessories
3. Fasten housing
eel are available (e.g. inspection glasses) and
(internal hexagon 2.5mm/0.1")
0mA configurable accessories (e.g. plugs of plastics or
ceramics).
••The electronics housing can be rotated 360°,
t thus providing optimum orientation after
d installation.
C
Solimotion
FTR20
Switch point
The switch point exclusively depends on the
orientation, the attenuation properties of bulk
solids and poss. parameterized settings.
C
output.
Orientation
••The orientation is optional.
••Vibration is to be avoided.
••A small angle α can increase the signal
Easy installation quality
Assembly
2. Orientate FTR20 ••Direct assembly with 1½ (R, G, NPT)
threaded connection through the process
wall (contact installation, independent of
wall materials).
••Depending on the application, FTR20 should
be assembled as rigidly as possible (in low
vibration of the entire plant) or completely
decoupled (in stronger vibration).
3. Fasten housing ••Optional fastening by accessories (e.g.
(internal hexagon 2.5mm/0.1”) clamps or adapter flanges).
••If the process wall is of material which
does not permit microwaves to penetrate,
additional windows permitting the
penetration of microwaves are to be installed
Bulk solids movement detection
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CP00007F/00/EN/17.18