BS Criminology

COURSE CODE: LEA 1

LAW ENFORCEMENT ORGANIZATION WITH INTER-AGENCY
APPROACH

Handout # 3

THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE (PNP): MANDATE AND STRUCTURE

MANDATE

 Created by virtue of RA 6975 as amended RA 8551 (PNP Reform &

Reorganization Act of 1998) and further amended by RA 9708 (An Act
Extending For 5 Years the Reglementary Period For Complying with the
Minimum Educational Qualification for Appointment to the PNP and
Adjusting The Promotion System)

THE PNP ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE

 It is composed of the Central Office or the NHQ, which housed the office of
the PNP Chief, two Deputy Chiefs, the Chief Directorial Staff and Twelve
(12) Directorial Staffs with the support of Eleven (11) Administrative and
Twelve (12) Operational Units and Seventeen (17) Police Regional Offices
(PROs) nationwide corresponding to the regional subdivisions of the
country to include the NCRPO, PROs 1, 2, 3, 4A (CALABARZON), 4B
(MIMAROPA), 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 (CARAGA), CAR and ARMM. It was
on September 1, 2002 that PRO 4 was subdivided into PRO 4A
(CALABARZON), and PRO 4B (MIMAROPA).

THE PNP ORGANIZATION

 PNP: National in Scope – Civilian in Character

 National in scope simply means that the PNP is a nationwide

government organization; hence all its personnel – uniformed and
non-uniformed, are all government employees.
 Civilian in character means that the PNP is not a part of the military.
Although it retains some military attributes such as discipline, it shall
continue to evolve and adopt unique non-military cultures, Code of
Ethics, and Standard of Professional Conduct comparable to the
civilian police forces of other countries.

PHILOSOPHY of the PNP

 Service
 Honor; and
 Justice

CORE VALUES
 Maka-Diyos  (God-fearing)
 Makabayan  (Nationalistic)
 Makatao  (Humane)
 Makakalikasan (Environment –Friendly)

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SPECIFIC FUNCTIONS
 Law Enforcement.
 Maintain peace and order.
 Prevents and investigates crimes and bring offenders to justice.
 Exercise the vested powers from the Philippine Constitution and pertinent
laws.
 Detain an arrested person for a period not beyond what is prescribed by
law.
 Implements pertinent laws and regulations on firearms and explosives
control.
 Supervise and control the training and operations of security agencies.

The PNP Staff and Support Units (NHQ)

1. The Chief of the PNP has the rank of Police General (PGEN) (4 Stars).
He is assisted by:
– The Inspector General
– Aide-de-Camp
– Command PNCO
2. Deputy Chiefs of the PNP has the rank of Police Lieutenant General
(PLTGEN) (3 Stars)
– Deputy Chief of the PNP for Administration (Second in
command)
– Deputy Chief of the PNP for Operations (Third in command)

The 12 Directorial Staff (Functional Staff)

1. Directorate for Personnel & Records Management (DPRM)- the director

optimizes the utilization of personnel resources both from the PNP-
Uniformed and Non- Uniformed personnel.
2. Directorate for Intelligence (DI)- manages the gathering/ collating of
intelligence objectives through effective management of intelligence and
counter- intelligence activities of the PNP. HE also serves as the linkage of
all foreigners with official transactions with the chief PNP
3. Directorate for Operations (DO)- exercises the command, the control, the
direction, the coordination and supervision of all activities on PNP
operations such as deployment and employment of personnel.
4. Directorate for Integrated Police Operations (DIPO)- the Director of the
clustered areas for Integrated Police Operations, namely: Eastern
Mindanao, Western Mindanao, Visayas Southern and Northern Luzon are
given the responsibility to direct and supervise the conduct of integrated
anti- criminality, internal security, counter- terrorism operations, to
promote inter- operability with the armed Forces of the Philippines and to
provide a system to promote regional socio- economic development.
5. Directorate for Investigation & Detective Management (DIDM)- The
director coordinates. Controls and supervises all investigation activities.
6. The Directorate for Logistics (DL). The director administers and manages
material resources needed for the PNP operations.
7. The Directorate for Plans (DPL). The director plans and programs strategic
PNP operations. He also represents the PNP in the inter-agency and
international affairs on peace and order.
8. The Directorate for Comptrollership (DC). The director administers and
manages the fiscal financial resources.
9. The Directorate for Police-Community Relations (DPCR). The director
formulates and implements community –related activities, programs and
projects. He also supervises the PNP Salaam Police Center to undertake
close monitoring, networking and liaisoning activities with the Muslim

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 communities in addressing terrorism and lawless violence in their
respective areas to guarantee that the Muslims are not discriminated,
oppressed or singled-out.
10.The Directorate for Investigation and Detective Management (DIDM). The
director coordinates. Controls and supervises all investigation activities.
11.The Directorate for Human Resource and Doctrine Development (DHRDD).
The director formulates policies on matters pertaining to human resources
and doctrine development.
12.The Directorate for Research and Development (DRD). The director
engages in research and development and does testing and evaluation of
self-reliant projects.
13.The Directorate for Information and Communications Technology
Management (DICTM). The director integrates and standardizes all the PNP
information systems and resources to further improve the frontline
services.
14.Five (5) Directorates for Integrated Police Operations (DIPOs). The
Directors of the clustered areas for Integrated Police Operations, namely:
Eastern Mindanao, Western Mindanao, Visayas, Southern and Northern
Luzon are given the responsibility to direct and to supervise the conduct of
integrated anti-criminality, internal security, counter- terrorism operations,
to promote inter-operability with the Armed Forces of the Philippines, and
to provide a system to promote regional socio-economic development.

The 11 Administrative Support Units

1. Logistics Support Service

2. Legal Service
3. Health Service
4. Information & Technology Management Service
5. Engineering Service
6. Headquarters Support Service
7. Finance Service
8. Communications & Electronics Service
9. Chaplain Service
10.Training Service and Benefits Administration Service
11.PNP Retirement

The 12 Operational Support Units

1. Highway Patrol Group (HPG)- this group enforces the traffic laws and
regulations, promote safety along the highways, enhances traffic safety
consciousness through inter- agency cooperation concerning Police Traffic
Safety Education and Traffic Law Enforcement functions and develops
reforms in crime prevention aspect against all forms of lawlessness
committed along National Highway involving the use of motor vehicles.
2. Intelligence Group (IG)- serves as the intelligence and counter intelligence
operating unit of the PNP.

3. Special Action Force (SAF)- this group is a mobile strike force or a reaction
unit to augment regional, provincial, municipal and city police force for civil
disturbance, control, internal security operations, hostage-taking rescue
operations, search and rescue in times of natural calamities, disasters and
national emergencies and other special police operations such as anti-
hijacking, anti-terrorism, explosives and ordnance disposal. On a special
note, the PNP Air Unit is placed under the supervision of SAF.

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 4. Police Security and Protection Group (PSPG)- This groups provide security
of government vital installations, government officials, visiting dignitaries
and private individuals authorized to be given protection.
5. Civil Security Group (CSG)- this group regulate business operations and
activities of all organized private detectives, watchmen, security guard/
agencies and company guard forces. It also supervises licensing and
registration of firearms and explosives.

6. Maritime Group (MG)- this group is responsible to perform all police

functions over Philippine Territorial water, lakes, and rivers along coastal
areas to include ports and harbors and small islands for the security and the
sustainability development of the maritime environment.

7. Criminal Investigation & Detection Group (CIDG)- this group monitors,

investigates, prosecute all crimes involving economic sabotage, and other
crimes of such magnitude and extend to indicate their commission by
highly placed or professional criminal syndicates and organizations. It also
conducts organized- crime- control, all major cases involving violation of
revised penal code, violators of Special laws assigned to them as Anti-
hijacking, Anti- carnapping and Cybercrimes among other and atrocities
committed by communist Party of the Philippines/ New People’s Army
(NPA)/ National Democratic Front (NDF)

8. Police Community Relations Group (PCRG)- this group undertakes and

orchestrates Police Community Relations program and activities in
partnership with concerned government agencies, the community, and
volunteer organizations in order to prevent crime and attain a safe and
peaceful environment.

9. Aviation Security Group (ASG)- this group provides security to all airports
throughout the country

10.Crime Laboratory (CL)- this group provides scientific and technical,

investigative aid and support to the PNP and other investigative agencies. It
also provides crime laboratory examination, evaluation and identification of
physical evidence gathered at the crime scene with primary emphasis on
medical biological and physical nature.

11.PNP-Anti-Kidnapping Group (PNP-AKG)- this group serves a primary unit of

the PNP in addressing kidnapping menace in the country and in handling
hostage situations.

12.PNP Anti- Cybercrime Group (PNP- ACG)- this group is responsible for the
implementation of pertinent laws on cybercrimes and anti-cybercrime
campaigns of the PNP.

THE PNP RANK STRUCTURE

1. Police Commissioned Officers (PCO)- Police Lieutenant to Police General

2. Police Non-Commissioned Officers (PNCO)- Patrolman/Patrolwoman to
Police Executive Master Sergeant

IMPORTANT PROVISIONS of
RA 6975 as amended by RA 8551 and
RA 9708

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 The PNP Mandate

 RA 6975 is An Act establishing the PNP under a reorganized DILG. It is

known as the “DILG Act of 1990”. (December 13, 1990)
 RA 8551 is known as “The PNP Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998”
(February 25, 1998)
 RA 9708 is known as “An Act extending for Five years the Reglementary
Period for complying with the minimum educational qualification for
appointment to the PNP and adjusting the Promotion System.” (August 12,
2009)

Important Provisions

 Sections 4-12, RA 6975 created the DILG;

 Sections 13-22, RA 6975 creates the NAPOLCOM. Sections 4-11, RA 8551
further re-organize the NAPOLCOM.
 Sections 23-52, RA 6975 creates the PNP
 Sections 53-59 , RA 6975 creates the BFP
 Sections 60-65, RA 6975 creates the BJMP
 Sections 66-68 , RA 6975 creates the Philippine Public Safety College
(PPSC).

The BFP and the BJMP

 The BFP and BJMP is further re-organized and re-structured by:

1. RA 9263 (March 10, 2004) known as “The BFP and BJMP
Professionalization Act of 2004”; and
2. RA 9592 (May 8, 2009) known as “An Act Extending the
Professionalization and Upgrading of Qualification Standards in the
Appointment of Uniformed Personnel to the BFP and BJMP”.

The Philippine Public Safety College (PPSC) is the premier educational

institution for the training, human resource development and continuing
education of all personnel of the PNP, BFP and BJMP (thru its Six
Constitutive Units).

The Six (6) PPSC Constitutive Units

1. Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA)
2. National Police College (NPC)
3. Police National Training Institute (PNTI)
4. National Forensic Science Training Institute (NFSTI)
5. Jail National Training Institute (JNTI)
6. Fire National Training Institute (FNTI)

The National Police Commission (NAPOLCOM)

(Sec 13-22, RA 6975 as amended by Sec 4-11, RA 8551)

 The NAPOLCOM is an agency attached to the DILG for policy and program
coordination and exercises administrative control and operational
supervision over the Philippine National Police.
 It is composed of a chairperson, four (4) regular Commissioners, and the
Chief of PNP as ex-officio member.

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 RA 6040 (August 4, 1969)

 Section 9 of this act gave full authority to the then Police Commission
(POLCOM) now National Police Commission (NAPOLCOM) to give the
appropriate examination for officers and members of the Philippine
National Police in lieu of the Civil Service Commission.

General Qualifications for Appointment in the PNP (Sec 30, RA 6975 as

amended by Sec 14, RA 8551)

 A citizen of the Philippines;

 A person of good moral conduct;
 Must have passed the psychiatric/psychological, drug and physical tests to
be administered by the PNP or by any NAPOLCOM accredited government
hospital for the purpose of determining physical and mental health;
 Must possess a formal baccalaureate degree from a recognized institution
of learning;
 Must be eligible in accordance with the standards set by the Commission;
 Must not have been dishonorably discharged from military employment or
dismissed for cause from any civilian position in the Government;
 Must not have been convicted by final judgment of an offense or crime
involving moral turpitude;
 Must be at least one meter and sixty-two centimeters (1.62 m.) in height
for male and one meter and fifty-seven centimeters (1.57 m.) for female;
 Must weigh not more or less than five kilograms (5 kgs.) from the standard
weight corresponding to his or her height, age, and sex; and
 For a new applicant, must not be less than twenty-one (21) nor more than
thirty (30) years of age.
 except for the last qualification (Age), All other qualifications shall be
continuing in character and an absence of any one of them at any given
time shall be a ground for separation or retirement from the service
(through the Attrition System).
Lateral Entry of Officers in the PNP
(Sec 33, RA 6975)

 In general, all original appointments of commissioned officers in the PNP

shall commence with the rank of inspector, to include all those with highly
technical qualifications applying for the PNP technical services, such as
dentist, optometrists, nurses, engineers, and graduates of forensic sciences.
Doctors of medicine, members of the Bar, and chaplains shall be appointed
to the rank of senior inspector in their particular technical service.
 Graduates of the Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA) shall be
automatically appointed to the initial rank of inspector.
 Licensed criminologists may be appointed to the rank of inspector to fill up
any vacancy after promotions from the ranks are completed.

Examination of Policemen
(Sec 21, RA 8551)

 The National Police Commission shall administer the entrance and

promotional examinations for policemen on the basis of the standards set
by the Commission

The Field Training Program

(Sec 19, RA 8551)

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  All uniformed members of the PNP shall undergo a Training Program for
twelve (12) months involving actual experience and assignment in patrol,
traffic, and investigation as a requirement for permanency of their
appointment.

Attrition System In The PNP

(Sec 24-30, RA 8551)

 Attrition System is the reduction of personnel or downsizing of personnel

strength.
 Any PNP Personnel who is dismissed from the PNP pursuant to the Attrition
System shall be retired if he or she has rendered at least twenty (20) years
of service and separated if he or she has rendered less than twenty (20)
years of service unless the personnel is disqualified by law to receive such
benefits.
 Attrition by Attainment of Maximum Tenure in Position. The maximum
tenure of PNP members holding key positions is hereby prescribed as
follows:
 POSITION MAXIMUM TENURE
 Chief four (4) years
 Deputy Chief four (4) years
 Director of the Staff Services four (4) years
 Regional Directors six (6) years
 Provincial/City Directors nine (9) years
 Other positions higher than Provincial Director shall have the maximum
tenure of six (6) years. Unless earlier separated, retired or promoted to a
higher position in accordance with the PNP Staffing Pattern, police officers
holding the above-mentioned positions shall be compulsorily retired at the
maximum tenure in position herein prescribed, or at age fifty-six (56),
whichever is earlier: Provided, That in times of war or other national
emergency declared by Congress, the President may extend the PNP Chief's
tour of duty.
 Attrition by Relief. A PNP uniformed personnel who has been relieved for
just cause and has not been given an assignment within two (2) years after
such relief shall be retired or separated.
 Attrition by Demotion in Position or Rank. Any PNP personnel, civilian or
uniformed, who is relieved and assigned to a position lower than what is
established for his or her grade in the PNP staffing pattern and who shall
not be assigned to a position commensurate to his or her grade within
eighteen (18) months after such demotion in position shall be retired or
separated.
 Attrition by Non-promotion. Any PNP personnel who has not been
promoted for a continuous period of ten (10) years shall be retired or
separated.
 Attrition by Other Means. A PNP member or officer with at least five (5)
years of accumulated active service shall be separated based on any of the
following factors:
 inefficiency based on poor performance during the last two
successive annual rating periods;
 inefficiency based on poor performance for three cumulative annual
rating periods;
 physical and/or mental incapacity to perform police functions and
duties; or
 failure to pass the required entrance examinations twice and/or
finish the required career courses except for justifiable reasons.

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 Promotion System in the PNP
(Sec 31-33, RA 8551 as amended by Sec 2, RA 9708)

 A uniformed member of the PNP shall not be eligible for promotion to a

higher position or rank unless he or she has successfully passed the
corresponding promotional examination given by the NAPOLCOM, or the
Bar, or the corresponding board examinations for technical services and
other professions, has satisfactorily completed the appropriate and
accredited course in the PNPA or equivalent training institutions, and has
satisfactorily passed the required psychiatric/psychological and drug tests.

Retirement System in the PNP

(Sec 34-38, RA 8551)

1. Mandatory / Compulsory Retirement : 56 yrs old.

2. Early Retirement:
 at least ten (10) years of continuous government service;
 Not covered by the attrition system or separation for cause;
 no pending administrative or criminal case; and
 has at least three (3) more years in the service before reaching the
compulsory retirement age and at least a year before his or her
maximum tenure in position.

The Internal Affairs Service (IAS)

(Sec 39-56, RA 8551)

 It was envisioned to be a truly independent and impartial body, manned by

God-centered and professional officers.
 Its mandate is to instill police discipline, enhance the delivery of police
service and dispense justice.
Functions of the Internal Affairs Service

1. Pro-actively conduct inspections and audits on PNP personnel and units;

2. Investigate complaints and gather evidence in support of an open
investigation;
3. Submit a periodic report on the assessment, analysis, and evaluation of the
character and behavior of PNP personnel and units to the Chief PNP and
the Commission;
4. File appropriate criminal cases against PNP members before the court as
evidence warrants and assist in the prosecution of the case;
5. Provide assistance to the Office of the Ombudsman in cases involving the
personnel of the PNP.
6. Conduct summary hearings on PNP members facing administrative charges;
7. Conduct, motu proprio, automatic investigation of the following cases:
1. incidents where a police personnel discharges a firearm;
2. incidents where death, serious physical injury, or any violation of
human rights occurred in the conduct of a police operation;
8. incidents where evidence was compromised, tampered with, obliterated,
or lost while in the custody of police personnel;
9. incidents where a suspect in the custody of the police was seriously injured;
and
10.incidents where the established rules of engagement have been violated.
11.Finally, the IAS shall provide documents or recommendations as regards to
the promotion of the members of the PNP or the assignment of PNP
personnel to any key position.

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 Creation of Women's Desks in All
Police Stations and the Gender Sensitivity Program
(Sec 57-61, RA 8551)

 The Women’s Desk shall administer and attend to cases involving crimes
against chastity, sexual harassment, abuses committed against women and
children and other similar offenses:
 Prioritization of Women for Recruitment. The PNP shall prioritize the
recruitment and training of women who shall serve in the women's desk.
Pursuant to this requirement, the PNP shall reserve ten percent (10%) of its
annual recruitment, training, and education quota for women

 The People Law Enforcement Board (PLEB) serves as the central receiving
entity for any citizen's complaint against the officers and members of the
PNP.
 The PLEB shall take cognizance of or refer the complaint to the proper
disciplinary or adjudicatory authority within three (3) days upon the filing of
the complaint.
 There is one (1) PLEB for every five hundred (500) city or municipal police
personnel and for each of the legislative districts in a city.

Composition of the PLEB

1. Any member of the sangguniang panlungsod / bayan chosen by his

respective sanggunian;
2. Any barangay captain of the city or municipality concerned chosen by the
association of barangay captains; and
3. Three (3) other members who are removable only for cause to be chosen
by the local peace and order council from among the respected members
of the community known for their probity and integrity, one (1) of whom
must be a woman and another a member of the Bar, or, in the absence
thereof, a college graduate, or the principal of the central elementary
school in the locality."

Highlights of RA 9708
(Sec 1)

 That PNP members who are already in the service upon the effectivity of RA
8551 shall be given five (5) years to obtain the minimum educational
qualification preferably in law enforcement related courses, to be reckoned
from the date of the effectivity of this amendatory Act: Provided,
furthermore, That for concerned PNP members rendering more than fifteen
(15) years of service and who have exhibited exemplary performance as
determined by the Commission, shall no longer be required to comply with
the aforementioned minimum educational requirement.
Continuing Education Program (Sec 3, RA 9708)

 The NAPOLCOM shall design, establish and implement a continuing

education program for the Philippine National Police officers and members
in coordination with the Civil Service Commission, the Commission on
Human Rights and the Commission on Higher Education through a distance
education program and/or an in-service education program focusing on law

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 enforcement, criminal investigation, human rights or other similar
programs.
FOR SUPPLEMENTAL READING:
Please refer to the complete texts of RA 6975; RA 8551 and RA 9708..

Prepared by:

Ms. Hazel Faith D. Carreon

Criminology Instructor

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