DRUG NAME MECHANISM INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECT NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

OF ACTION
Simvastatin It works by Simvastatin Hypersensitivity to  constipation.  Monitor signs of hypersensitivity
slowing the helps lower cholesterol simvastatin  stomach pain. reactions, including pulmonary
Generic name : production of production and reduce Active liver disease or  nausea. symptoms (tightness in the throat
Statin, cholesterol in dyslipidemia- unexplained  headache. and chest, wheezing, cough,
Simvastatin the body to associated transaminase  memory loss or dyspnea) or skin reactions (rash,
decrease the complications. High elevation forgetfulness. pruritus, urticaria). Notify
Brand name : amount of concentrations of LDL pregnancy  confusion. physician if these reactions occur.
Zocor cholesterol that cholesterol can lead to  itchy or red skin  In patients with drug-induced
may build up artery damage, myopathy, implement gradual
on the walls of potentially leading to strengthening and other
Classification: the arteries and cardiac complications therapeutic exercises to facilitate
HMG-CoA block blood and stroke. Simvastatin recovery from muscle pain and
reductase flow to the is also used off-label weakness. Use caution during
inhibitors (statin) heart, brain, for prophylactic and early stages to avoid fatigue of
and other parts therapeutic affected muscles, and implement
Route: Oral of the body. indications. assistive devices (walker, cane,
crutches) as needed to prevent
Dosage: falls and assist mobility. Increase
10mg exercise intensity as tolerated;
20mg recovery from myopathy typically
40mg takes 4–6 wk, but can be longer
80mg in older patients or people with
comorbidities.
 Design and implement aerobic
exercise and endurance training
programs to improve
cardiovascular function and help
reduce the risk of coronary heart
disease.
Generic Name:  Produce Dinitrate: Treatment Contraindicated with  CNS: dizziness, head  Physical: Skin color, T, lesions;
isosorbide vasodilation and prevention of allergy to nitrates, ache. orientation, reflexes, affect; P,
nitrates, (venous greater angina pectoris severe anemia, head  CV: hypotension, tac BP, orthostatic BP, baseline ECG,
isosorbide than arterial). Mononitrate: trauma, cerebral hycardia, paradoxic peripheral perfusion; R,
dinitrate, Decrease left Prevention of angina hemorrhage, bradycardia, adventitious sounds; liver
isosorbide ventricular end- pectoris hypertrophic syncope. evaluation, normal output; CBC,
mononitrate diastolic Unlabeled use cardiomyopathy,  GI: nausea,vomiting.  Hgb
pressure and (dinitrate): Used with narrow-angle  Misc: flushing,  Give sublingual preparations
Brand Name:   left ventricular hydralazine in patients glaucoma, postdural tolerance. under the tongue or in the buccal
Apo-ISDN (CAN), end-diastolic with advanced CHF hypotension pouch; discourage the patient
Dilatrate SR, volume Use cautiously with from swallowing.
Isordil, Isordil (preload). Net pregnancy, lactation,  Create a nitrate-free period to
Titradose ,Imdur, effect is acute MI, CHF. minimize tolerance.
ISMO, Isotrate ER, reduced  WARNING: Give chewable tablets
Monoket myocardial slowly, only 5 mg initially,
Classification: An oxygen because severe hypotension can
tianginal, Nitrate,  consumption. occur; ensure that patient does
Vasodilator Increase not chew or crush sustained-
coronary blood release preparations.
Route: Oral; flow by dilating  Give oral preparations on an
Sublingual coronary empty stomach, 1 hr before or 2
arteries and hr after meals; take with meals if
Dosage: improving severe, uncontrolled headache
Angina pectoris: collateral flow occurs.
Starting dose, to ischemic  WARNING: Keep life support
2.5–5 mg regions. equipment readily available if
sublingual, 5-mg relaxation and overdose occurs or cardiac
chewable tablets, vasodilation condition worsens.
5- to 20-mg oral  WARNING: Gradually reduce dose
tablets. For if anginal treatment is being
maintenance, 10– terminated; rapid discontinuation
40 mg q 6 hr oral can lead to problems of
tablets or withdrawal.
capsules; SR,
initially 40 mg,
then 40–80 mg
PO q 8–12 hr.

 Used to block Captopril is used alone  Allergy to other ACE signs of an allergic reaction:  Monitor blood pressure and
the action of or in combination of inhibitors. Aortic  hives pulse frequently.
Generic Name: angiotensin other drugs for the stenosis, outflow  severe stomach pain  Monitor weight and assesses
Captopril converting management of obstruction,  difficulty breathing patient frequently for signs of
enzyme (ACE) hypertension. It is also renovascular disease.  swelling of your face, fluid overload if with concurrent
Brand Names: which is used in combination Pregnancy and lips, tongue, or diuretic therapy.
Capoten, Acepril, naturally with other drugs in the Lactation. Caution in throat.  assessments of urine protein may
Ace-Bloc, Bloc- produced in the treatment of heart cases where patients be ordered. Proteinuria and
Med, Capomed, body. ACE failure after a heart also have Leukemia, nephrotic syndrome may occur
Capotec, produces attack. Also used to COPD, renal or thyroid with therapy.
Captogen, Captor, angiotensin II treat kidney problems disease.  Monitor BUN, Crea and
Captril, Cardiovaz which causes caused by diabetic electrolyte levels periodically.
constriction nephropathy.  WBC should be monitored prior
Classification: ACE and narrowing to therapy and periodically
Inhibitor of the blood thereafter.
vessels thereby  May cause false positive result
Route: Oral increasing for urine acetone
Preparations: blood pressure.
12.5, 25, 50, 100 By blocking
mg ACE,
production of
angiotensin II
decreases
allowing the
blood vessels to
relax and widen
resulting in
decrease blood
pressure.