LM - Pre - Calculus - Q1 W1-MELC2 - 3 Moduel 2
LM - Pre - Calculus - Q1 W1-MELC2 - 3 Moduel 2
LM - Pre - Calculus - Q1 W1-MELC2 - 3 Moduel 2
Pre-Calculus
Quarter 1: Week 1- Module 2
Pre-Calculus
Grade 11 Quarter 1: Week 1-Module 2
First Edition, 2020
Copyright © 2020
La Union Schools Division
Region I
All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form without
written permission from the copyright owners.
Management Team:
This learning material will provide you with information and activities that
will help you understand about circles, its equations and graphs.
After going through this learning material, you are expected to:
Before going on, check how much you know about this topic. Answer the
pretest on the next page in a separate sheet of paper.
1
The Circles
Figure 1 shows the graph of a circle if the center is at the origin (0,0).
Figure 2 shows the graph of a circle if the center is not at the origin or
C(x,y) denoted by (h,k).
Jumpstart
For you to understand the lesson well, do the following activities. Have fun
and good luck!
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Activity 1: Read Me! Understand Me!
The equation of the circle with center at C(h,k) and radius r is given by:
(x – h)2 + (y – k) 2 = r2
The equation of the circle with center is at the origin, h = k = 0 is given by:
x2 + y2 = r2
Directions: State the coordinates of the center and find the radius of the circle.
1. x 2 + y2 = 36 C = ___________ r = _________
2. (x – 2) 2 + (y – 5) 2 = 16 C = ___________ r = _________
3. (x – 3) 2 + (y + 1) 2 = 49 C = ___________ r = _________
4. (x + 3) 2 + (y + 4) 2 = 11 C = ___________ r = _________
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.
Discover
Solution:
Convert the coefficients of x2 and y2 to 1.
9(x + 3) 2+ 9y2 =1
2 2
(x + 3) +y =
Write the equation in the form (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
[(x – (-3)]2 + (y – 0)2 = ( )2
Thus, center = (-3,0), and radius =
A (2,1)
2. In the figure at the right, a circle with center C (5, -2)
passes through the point A(2,1).
a. Find the equation of the circle.
b. Determine whether the point B (4,2) lies inside, outside, +
or on the circle. C (5,-2)
Solution:
a. Length of radius of the circle = CA
=
=
The equation of the circle is
(x – 5)2 + [ y – (-2)]2 = ( )2
(x – 5)2 + (y + 2)2 = 18
b. CB = h
= <
That is, CB < radius
Thus, the point B (4,2) lies inside the circle
4
The general form of an equation of the circle is in the form of Ax2 + By2 + Cx
+ Dy + E = 0, A 0, or x2 + y2 + Cx + Dy + E = 0 . This is obtained thru expanding
the standard equation of a circle.
Illustration:
Standard Equation: (x - )2 + (y – 3)2 = h
2 2
is written as: x + y – 3x – 6y + 4 = 0
General form x2 + y2 – 3x – 6y + 4 = 0
By means of completing the square:
To get the third term, divide the coefficient of the second term by two and
then square the third term. Add the square of the third term to the right side of the
equation.
x2 – 3x + ( )2 + y2– 6y + ( )2 = -4+ ( )2 + ( )2
Square of a binomial:
2 2
x– + y– =
h
Simplify:
2
x– + y–3 2 = h
standard form
Therefore, we can say that it is always possible to write the equation of a circle in
general form to standard form or vice versa.
Explore
Here are some enrichment activities for you to work on to master and
strengthen the basic concepts you have learned from this lesson.
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Enrichment Activity 1: Graph Me, Now!
Assessment 1
Directions: Use separate sheet of paper for your answers. Find the equation
of each of the following circles with the given center C and radius r.
1. C (0,0), r = 2 __________________________________________
2. C (-4,0), r = 6 __________________________________________
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B
Figure 3
Assessment 2
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Table 1: All about circles
Equation Center Radius Graph
x2 + y2 = 49
(0,0)
Assessment 3:
Direction: Find the standard equation of the following circles.
1.
2.
8
3.
4.
9
5.
Deepen
This time, you are now ready to do the task. Go out of your house and see
the beauty of the world – our environment. A scoring rubric on the next page will be
used for your score in your output.
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Rubrics
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Gauge
Directions: Read carefully each item. Use separate sheet for your answers.
Write only the letter of the best answer for each test item.
1. Which among the following is a special kind of ellipse?
A. Circle
B. Ellipse
C. Hyperbola
D. Parabola
2. Find the center and radius of the circle with an equation (x – 2)2 + (y + 9)2 = 1.
A. (-2, 9); 1 B. (2, -9); 1 C. (-2, -9); 11D. (2, 9); 11
3. Find the equation of the circle graphed.
A. x2 + y2 = 4
B. y2 = x2 - 16
C. x2 + y2 = 16
D. x2 + y2 = 1
B. D.
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5. In what quadrant can you locate the center of the equation (x -5)2 + (y – 3)2 = 17?
A. Q I B. Q II C. Q III D. Q IV
6. Find the equation of the circle with center (3, -2) a touching the x – axis?
A. (x + 3)2 + (y + 2)2 = 4
B. (x – 3)2 + (y - 2)2 = 4
C. (x – 3)2 + (y - 2)2 = 4
D. (x – 3)2 + (y + 2)2 = 4
7. Use completing the square to find the center and radius of the circle of the
equation x2 + y2 + 6x – 2y – 3 = 0
A. (-3, -1) ; 13 B. (-3, -1) ; -13 C. (-3, 1) ; D. (-3, -1) ;
9. In what quadrant can you locate the center of the equation 2x2 + 2y2 + 8x + 4y –
3 = 0?
A. Q I B. Q II C. Q III D. Q IV
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References
Printed Materials:
Chua, Simon L. et al. (2016). Soaring 21st Century Mathematics, Pre – Calculus
Grade 11. Quezon
City, Philippines: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.
Website:
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Answer Key:
2.
15
3.
4.
5.
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Assessment 1:
1. x2 + y2 = 4
2. (x + 4)2 + y2 = 36
3. (x – 5)2 + (y + 1)2 = 9
4. x2 + (y – 4)2 = 25
5. (x – 5)2 + (y – 3)2 = 4
Assessment 2:
1. x2 + y2 = 4
2. (x + 4)2 + (y – 3)2 = 9
3. r = 2
4. r = 3
5. (-4,3)
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Assessment 3:
1. x2 + y2 = 36
2. 2x2 + 2y2 = 8
3. (x + 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 9
4. (x – 5)2 + (y – 3)2 = 16
5. (x + 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 16
Gauge:
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. A
5. A
6. D
7. C
8. B
9. C
10. D
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