English: Quarter 3 - Module 5

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English
Quarter 3 - Module 5
Detecting Biases and Propaganda
Devices Used by Speakers

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines


English - Grade 6
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 5: Detecting Biases and Propaganda Devices
Used by Speakers
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
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Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials
from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent
nor claim ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education – Division of Lanao del Norte
Schools Division Superintendent: Edilberto L. Oplenaria, CESO V

Development Team of the Module


Writer/s: Aimee Mutia and Thelma Aragon
Illustrator and Layout Artist: Rhenantte A. Daison and Wondrine Patigayon
Proofreaders/Language Editors: Evalyn U. Pabes, Marjorie C. Tagacay, Alma L. Calibo,
In-House Content Evaluator: Wilma S. Samporna

Management Team
Chairperson: Edilberto L. Oplenaria, CESO V
Schools Division Superintendent

Co-Chairperson: Rosemarie T. Macesar, Ph, D.


Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Members: Maria Eva Sayre-Edon, Ph.D., Chief CID


Connie A. Emborong, Ph.D., LRMS Manager
Jocelyn R. Camiguing, Librarian II
Myles M. Sayre, PDO II

Division Quality Assurance Team


Fatima P. Asum, Dennis B. Dozano, Zanaida A. Omar, and Josephine V. Viscaya

Printed in the Philippines by


Department of Education – Division of Lanao del Norte
Office Address: Gov. A. Quibranza Prov’l. Gov’t. Comp, Pigcarangan, Tubod, Lanao del Norte
Telephone Nos.: (063)227 – 6633, (063)341 – 5109
E-mail Address: [email protected]
6
English
Quarter 3 - Module 5
Detecting Biases and Propaganda
Devices Used by Speakers

This instructional material was collaboratively developed and


reviewed by educators from public schools. We encourage teachers and
other education stakeholders to email their feedback, comments, and
recommendations to the Department of Education at [email protected]
We value your feedback and recommendations.

Department of Education ● Republic of the Philippines


TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE

COVER PAGE
COPYRIGHT PAGE
TITLE PAGE
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Lesson 10: Detecting Biases and Propaganda Devices Used by


Speakers
What I Need to Know 1
What I Know 1
What’s In 3
What’s New 3
What is It 4
What’s More 6
What I Have Learned 6
What I Can Do 7
Assessment 8
Additional Activities 9
Answer Key 10
References 10

Lesson 11: Using A Particular Kind of Sentence for a Specific


Purpose and Audience - Asserting

What I Need to Know 11


What I Know 11
What’s In 12
What’s New 12
What is It 12
What’s More 13
What I Have Learned 13
What I Can Do 14
Assessment 14
Additional Activities 14
Answer Key 15
Lesson Detecting Biases and
10 Propaganda Devices Used
by Speakers

What I Need to Know


Welcome to another moment of learning. This time you are going to learn to be
sensitive to everything around you, especially the ones you see or hear from media and from
people around, so make sure that at the end of the lesson, you are able to:

1. detect biases and propaganda devices used by speakers (EN6LC-IIIb-3.1.12);


2. make a stand based on a certain topic through writing; and
3. value the importance of expressing ideas in polite way at all times by presenting
coherent, comprehensive report on a given issue or concern (EN10LC – IIId -3.18).

What I Know

To measure your knowledge of the concepts to develop in this lesson, answer this activity.
A. Directions: Identify the technique used in the propaganda shown in every number.
Choose your answer from the box.

A. Glittering Generalities B. Card Stacking


C. Bandwagon D. Plain Folks
E. Testimonial F. Name Calling

1. 2.

GIRL EYE LASHES

https://bit.ly/3od8Dre https://bit.ly/3dIr428

1
BREAD BUNS

POTATO
3. King 4.

https://bit.ly/3od8Dre https://bit.ly/35k8bis

5. 6.

https://bit.ly/34fqhTb https://bit.ly/2Hnvako

7. 8.

TEA

https://bit.ly/3m0xOvg https://bit.ly/3m0xOvg

B. Directions: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

9. Are TV commercials useful? Why?


A. No, because the information in the TV commercials are not true.
B. No, because TV commercials have bad influence on the viewers.
C. Yes, because TV commercials give information about the different products for the
costumers to buy.
D. Yes, because all TV commercials give us true information.

10. Which of the following is not a propaganda technique?


A. bandwagon B. fact
C. plain folks D. testimonial

2
What’s In

In the previous lesson, you have learned about Distinguishing Text-Type According to
Purpose and Language Features (Comparison and Contrast).
Comparison shows the similarities and contrast tells differences among subjects like
people, objects, places, animals, situations, or ideas. A compare-and-contrast text or
paragraph analyzes two subjects by comparing them, contrasting them, or both.
Directions: To measure your knowledge of the past lesson, Read the text below and write
down the clue/signal words that you found while reading. Indicate whether each
word signals comparison or contrast. Write your answer on your notebook.

SIGNAL WORDS Comparison or Contrast


_____________ ______________________
_____________ ______________________
_____________ ______________________

Poppa’s pizza is better than Light Street’s pizza. Poppa’s makes thin crust pizzas, while
the Light Street crust is thick and chewy. Poppa’s sauce is spicy with oregano, basil, and
pepper. Light Street offers a much sweeter sauce, with barely a hint of Italian spices. Finally,
Poppa’s is very generous with the cheese, and they use a three-cheese blend. In contrast,
Light Street uses only mozzarella, and not very much of it. I would prefer to eat at Poppa’s any
day! (https://bit.ly/3obtUBL)

What’s New

What is your favorite TV commercial? How does it convince you to buy the product?
Every TV commercial exemplifies propaganda.

https://bit.ly/3od8Dre https://bit.ly/31ogDMb

3
Propaganda makes use of a collection of devices and tricks intended to influence
your thinking. Learning to recognize these techniques can go a long way toward your smart
choice of products and services, based on your actual experiences, and not just because of
the effects of propaganda.

What Is It

How can you tell whether an advertisement is giving fair information to people?
When the information given is not fair, then there is bias. When a commercial, a
testimony or a speech is favoring or siding with somebody, something, a company, a group,
or a political or religious affiliation, then there is bias.
In media (newspaper, television, radio, Facebook, YouTube, twitter, etc.), there are
glaring biases which we must know. It is important that we can detect biases, right away, so
please read and understand the types of biases enumerated and described below.
TYPES OF BIASES
1. Bias by headline
Many people read only the headlines of a news item. Most people scan nearly
the headlines in a newspaper. Headlines are the most-read part of a paper. They can
summarize as well as present carefully hidden bias and prejudices. They can convey
excitement where little exists. They can express approval or condemnation.

2. Bias by photos, captions, and camera angles


Some pictures flatter a person; others make the person look unpleasant. A
paper can choose photos to influence opinion about, for example, a candidate for
election. On television, the choice of which visual images to display is extremely
important. The captions newspapers run below photos are also potential sources of
bias.

3. Bias through use of names and titles


News media often use label or titles to describe people, places, and events. A
person can be called an “ex-con” or be referred to as someone who “served time
twenty years ago for a minor offense.” Whether a person is described as a “terrorist”
or a “freedom fighter” is a clear indication of editorial bias.
4. Bias through statistics and crowd counts
To make a disaster seem more spectacular (and therefore worthy of reading
about), numbers can be inflated. "A hundred injured in air crash" can be the same as
"only minor injuries in air crash," reflecting the opinion of the person doing the counting.

5. Bias by source control


To detect bias, always consider where the news item "comes from." Is the
information supplied by a reporter, an eyewitness, police or fire officials, executives, or
elected or appointed government officials? Each may have a particular bias that is
introduced into the story. Companies and public relations directors supply news outlets
with puff pieces through news releases, photos, or videos. Often news outlets depend
on pseudo-events (demonstrations, sit-ins, ribbon cuttings, speeches, and
ceremonies) that take place mainly to gain news coverage.

4
6. Bias by word choice and tone
Showing the same kind of bias that appears in headlines, the use of positive or
negative words or words with a particular connotation can strongly influence the reader
or viewer.

EXERCISE 1
Directions: Identify the kind of bias shown in every propaganda below.
Propaganda 1

“Three out of every 5 fatal automobile accidents did not involve drinking.
67% of the drivers involved in fatal accidents had not been drinking. And 76%
of the pedestrians involved in accidents had not been drinking. Therefore,
sobriety is undoubtedly the major cause of fatal automobile accidents, and
sober driving must be outlawed immediately, and punished harshly.”

Propaganda 2

Dirty Harry Lim loses Manila mayoralty seat

Analysis
Propaganda 1 is a Bias through statistics and crowd counts. The focus of the data used
to present a figure of automobile accidents is not on the fatalities; instead, it is on the ones
who were saved from deaths. Analyze the details below:

“3 out of every 5 fatal automobile Actual figure should be like this:


accidents did not involve drinking. 67% of “2 out of every 5 fatal automobile
the drivers involved in fatal accidents had accidents was due to drinking. 33% of
not been drinking. And 76% of the the drivers involved in fatal accidents
pedestrians involved in accidents had not had been drinking. And 24% of the
been drinking. Therefore, sobriety is pedestrians involved in fatal accidents
undoubtedly the major cause of fatal had been drinking. Therefore, alcohol
automobile accidents, and sober driving intoxication is a major cause of
must be outlawed immediately, and automobile accidents, and drunk
punished harshly.” driving must be dealt harshly.”

Propaganda 2 is a Bias by headline. The name Dirty Harry is attached to the name
Lim. In the Manila mayoralty race, the family name Lim is supposed to be enough because
Alfredo Lim is already known as previous mayor – people know him already, so there is no
need to call him Dirty Harry because it has a negative connotation, very much unfair on the
part of Alfredo Lim, being a political candidate and being a person.
After studying the biases, you are now ready to study the different propaganda
techniques and examples of propaganda. All of these have the tendency to use biases in order
to change people’s minds.

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PROPAGANDA DEVICES
1. The Bandwagon Propaganda is all about persuading the target audience to take
action. It is creating an urge along people to become a part of the “in crowd”.

2. The Card Stacking Propaganda focuses on the best features and leaves out or lies
about the problems.

3. The Plain Folks Propaganda uses regular people to sell a product or a service.

4. The Testimonial Propaganda contains a well –known person endorsing the product
or service.
5. The Glittering Generalities Propaganda uses words or ideas that evoke an
emotional response.
6. The Name Calling Propaganda connects a person, product, or idea to something
negative.

Remember: Bias will happen when someone takes a side in favor or promote
something although it is harmful to health.

What’s More

Give your stand on this question. Explain your answer on your notebook.

Is it good to eat too much hamburger, spaghetti, chicken joy, and ice
cream? Why?

Notes to the Teacher


Use the following Rubrics in giving points to the learners’ stand of the question above

RUBRICS:
0 point – Student shows no evidence / answer of the question.
1 point – Students shows little evidences / information of the question.
2 points – Student shows sufficient evidences / information of the question.
3 points – Student shows ample evidences / information of the question.
.

6
What I Have Learned

How do you differentiate propaganda from bias?


➢ Propaganda makes use of a collection of devices and tricks intended to influence
your thinking while bias will happen when someone takes a side for favor or promote
something although it is harmful.
➢ To detect bias and propaganda one needs to know the difference between fact and
opinion.

➢ A fact is something that can be proven true. The information is objective and is based
on data and observation. It can be verified to be true by using research, records, and
apparatuses.

➢ An opinion is subjective and cannot be verified. It varies from one person to another.
An opinion may be based on facts but it is subjective because it is based on feelings
and personal judgment.

When taking a stand on issues, it is important that the person


➢ demonstrates characteristics of a courteous listener and speaker.
➢ presents ideas and evidences clearly and thoughtfully.
➢ listens to the ideas of others and demonstrates an ability to be constructive.

What I Can Do

For items 1-3. Directions: Identify the technique used in the propaganda. Encircle
the letter of the correct answer.

1. A. Glittering Generalities

B. Card Stacking

C. Name Calling
D. Plain Folks

https://bit.ly/2Horf79

2. A. Glittering Generalities
B. Card Stacking
C. Name Calling
Brand X
D. Testimonial
https://bit.ly/2ILbI1t

7
3 A. Glittering Generalities
W W
I I
W B. Card Stacking
N I W
W N
E N I
I E
E N
C. Name Calling
N
E E
D. Testimonial

https://bit.ly/37srnxb

Assessment

For items 1-5. Directions: Identify the propaganda technique described in each item.
Choose the letter of the correct answer from the choices below.

A. Glittering Generalities B. Card Stacking


C. Bandwagon D. Plain Folks
E. Testimonial F. Name Calling
______________1. It uses regular people to sell a product or a service.
_____________ 2. It uses words or ideas that evoke an emotional response.
_____________ 3. It focuses on the best features and leaves out or lies about problems.
_____________ 4. It is all about persuading the target audience to act. It’s about
creating an urge along people to become a part of the “in crowd”.
_____________ 5. It has a well-known personality who endorses the product or service.

For items 6-8. Directions: Identify the technique used in the propaganda. Write the letter
of the correct answer.

A. Glittering Generalities
6.
B. Card Stacking
C. Name Calling
NOODLE Y
D. Testimonial
NOODLE X

https://bit.ly/34l6lOR

8
7.
A. Glittering Generalities
B. Card Stacking
C. Name Calling
D. Testimonials

https://bit.ly/3mbNkEF

Brand X
8. A. Plain Folks
Brand X B. Glittering Generalities
C. Name Calling
Brand X D. Card Stacking

https://bit.ly/3of4h2U

For items 9-10. Directions: Examine this propaganda. Detect the bias and discuss it in the
space provided.

_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________
_______________________________

https://brook.gs/3eQUCv0

The Rubric below will be used in assessing the learner’s discussion.


RUBRIC
1 point – Student shows no evidence / answer of the question.
2 point – Students shows little evidences / information of the question.
3 points – Student shows sufficient evidences / information of the question.
4 points – Student shows ample evidences / information of the question.

9
. Additional Activities

Activity 1. On a sheet of short bond paper, draw a propaganda of each technique below.
(5 points each).

1. Name Calling 2. Card Stacking

Activity 2. Choose one propaganda technique. On a sheet of pad paper, write the script of
a commercial showing the propaganda techniques you have chosen. (5 points)

Answer Key

What I Know Assessment What I Can Do


RUBRICS
10. B follow the
9. C Teachers will 3. B
8. E 9-10. 2. A
7. D 8. B 1. D
6. C 7. D
5. C 6. C
4. A 5. E
3. A 4. C
2. B 3. B
1. C 2. A
1. D

References
https://bit.ly/3kkNWqd https://bit.ly/3od8Dre
https://bit.ly/34fqhTb https://bit.ly/3dIr428
https://bit.ly/2Hnvako https://bit.ly/36r5HPL
https://bit.ly/3lBz7kN https://bit.ly/2IlbI1t
https://bit.ly/37srnxb
https://bit.ly/3mbNkEF
https://bit.ly/32SPXUX
https://bit.ly/2Fqunbf
https://www.shutterstock.com/imag e-photo/
https://bit.ly/2GRPGcQ
https://bit.ly/3eO8ExI
https://bit.ly/2UkB0Gg
https://bit.ly/38yBhOj
Lesson Exemplar Third Quarter Week 2 – Day 1-2

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Lesson
Using a Particular Kind of Sentence
11 for a Specific Purpose and
Audience –Asserting

What I Need to Know

Good day! Welcome to another lesson of new learning and discoveries. In this lesson
you will be learning about assertive sentences.
At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
1. Identify assertive sentences;
2. write assertive sentences; and
3. appreciate the beauty of nature by presenting coherent, comprehensive
report on a given issue or concern (EN6OL-IIIg-1.19).

What I Know

Directions: Read the sentences carefully. Mark Y if the sentence is assertive.


Mark X if it is not.

_________1. My family is busy on a beautiful Sunday morning.


_________2. Who is the man behind the tree?
_________3. My mother prepares our food with love and affection.
_________4. I read my story book.
_________5. Please, give me a glass of water.
_________6. How are you feeling today?
_________7. Sandara is afraid of the dark.
_________8. John, my brother teaches me to ride the bike.
_________9. My father is happily painting the wall of our house.
_________10. When are you going to finalize your work?

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What’s In

What have you understood about Propaganda Devices and Biases?


What are the different Propaganda Devices? How can we identify biases?

What’s New

Directions: Read the poem. Classify the lines in the poem as assertive or non- assertive.

Moon
Thelma O. Aragon

I stare at your jubilant light


As I sit under you on a bright cold night,
I tried captivating your radiance that
fascinated me,
But it is me captivated by your
unfathomable beauty.

Oh, how I love to look at you


Your shape so perfect tonight,
Your magnificent beauty brings hope to
my life,
And speaks of how God care and protect
all His people alive.

Assertive Non-Assertive

What is It

What is meant by the word assert? According to Google Dictionary, assert refers to a
verb which is used to state a fact or belief confidently and forcefully. To assert is also to behave
in a way that shows power, authority, or control.

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We use assertive sentence when
Assertive Sentence or
we describe something.
Declarative Sentence -
is a sentence that tells Ex. The woman is sad and worried.
something.
Ex. I am happy today. We use assertive sentence when
we state a fact or information.
Ex. The rain is strong.

➢ We assert when we tell something important.

➢ An assertive sentence simply gives a


statement or information and always ends
with a period.
Example: Assertive Sentences:
✓ I am cleaning my room.
✓ The night is cold.

➢ An assertive sentence does not ask a


question or does not give command or
request.

Example: Non-Assertive Sentences:


ꭙ Who is cleaning the room?
ꭙ Please, get my bag.

What’s More

Directions: Arrange the jumbled sentences to form assertive sentences. Observe proper
use of punctuation marks and capitalization.

Example: gracefully dances she Answer: She dances gracefully.

1. we must conscious always be physical and mental of our wellness


2. the time good is God all
3. smells home the grass green
4. far places in love travel to i

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5. during lock down I home stayed
6. the new normal education are busy the teachers preparing for
7. is excited for the start Anjo of the learning distance
8. old school setting the children miss the
9. is clean and beautiful bay manila
10. cares for the people filipino rodrigo duterte

What I Have Learned

What is an assertive sentence?


When do we use an assertive sentence?
How do we differentiate assertive from non-assertive sentences?

What I Can Do

Directions: Examine the picture below. Write five (5) assertive sentences about it.

Photo credits to the writer

14
Assessment

Directions: Read the sentences carefully. Identify assertive and non-assertive sentences.
__________1. Teachers are scrambling to adapt remote teaching.
__________ 2. Students are faced with isolation and anxiety about the deadly virus, and
uncertainty about the future.
__________ 3. Please refrain from attending social gatherings and parties.
__________ 4. How do schools help students academically in this time of pandemic?
__________ 5. Mother is always reminding us to include teachers in our prayers.
__________ 6. Observe health protocol and social distancing.
__________ 7. Stay safe. Stay at home.
__________ 8. We must wash our hands always.
__________ 9. The government are doing their best to provide adequate services for a safer
and healthier environment.
__________ 10. Is Corona virus deadly?

Additional Activities

Directions: Write a short paragraph with at least 8-10 sentences about the picture shown.
Use assertive sentences. Write your paragraph in your activity notebook.

Photo credits to the writer

15
16
Assessment
1. assertive
2. assertive
3.non-assertive
4. non-assertive
5. assertive
6. non-assertive
7. non-assertive
8. assertive
What’s More 9. assertive
10.non-assertive
1. We must always be conscious of our physical and
mental wellness.
Additional
2. God is good all the time.
Activities
3. The green grass smells home.
Answers Vary
4. I love to travel in far places.
5. I stayed at home during the lockdown.
6. The teachers are busy preparing for the new normal
education. What I Can Do
7. Anjo is excited for the start of the distance learning.
Answers Vary
8. The children miss the old school setting.
9. Manila Bay is clean and beautiful.
10. Rodrigo Duterte cares for the Filipino people.
What’s In
Answers Vary
What’s New
Pre-Test
1. I stare at your brilliant light.
2. As I sit under you on a bright cold night. 1. Y 6. X
3. I tried captivating your radiance that fascinated me. 2. X 7. Y
4. But it is me captivated by your unfathomable beauty. 3. Y 8. Y
5. Oh, how I love to look at you. 4. Y 9. Y
6. Your shape so perfect tonight. 5.X 10. X
7. Your magnificent beauty brings hope to my life.
8. Speaks God care and protection to all his people alive.
Answer Key
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Division of Lanao del Norte


Office Address: Gov. A. Quibranza Prov’l. Gov’t. Compound,
Pigcarangan, Tubod, Lanao del Norte
Telephone Nos.: (063)227 – 6633, (063)341 – 5109
E-mail Address : [email protected]

17

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