12/15/2020 Folklore Methods Theories

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Folklore-Its Methods and Theories Email this article

Phurailatpam Jayalaxmi * Print this page

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What is folklore? - A tale or a simple fable. The meaning may be the same but it bears different meanings to different LATEST IN E-PAO.NET
people. Before I attended the National Workshop on Folklore: Theories and Methods recently organized by the
Department of English, Manipur University, it was my first impression that folklore is just a story about legends and
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myths.
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The idea of storytelling has been prevalent since antiquity. Oral culture has been the form of art which preserves the root
of our own culture. Professor Jawahar Handoo, the well-known International Folklorist and presently the President of COVID-19 : Impact in Manipur :: News Timeline
Indian Folklore Congress, who was the resource person of the workshop rightly said that folklore in the form of oral
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discourse gives voices to marginalized people.
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Most of the literary forms cannot lend voice to the subaltern but folklore can. It is only in the form of oral tradition that we
can locate the native elements of our own root. The nuances of any community can be discovered through the folklore. Webinar- Startup activities & funding options

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Folklore like any other disciplines can be approached through various empirical methods such as—fieldwork and
classification, comparative method/ historical methods, analytic units (trait, motif, type, function, mytheme), structuralism, Field Nurse at MaolKeki Foundation
psycho-analytical interpretations, poststructuralism, so on and so forth.
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Language and society are formed within a structure. The structuralists draw an analogy between language systems and
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social systems. As folklore is part of this social system, it has possessed its own lexical structure. Every element or myth
in a folktale is structured so as to show the internal relationships among the elements to make it a complete whole Works of Haobam Paban Kumar #1 : Gallery
thereby giving a meaning to the story.
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Vladimir Propp was the most dominant figure in the study of folklore. His Morphology of Folktale (1928) contributes to the
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analysis of the fundamental structure of the Russian folktale. He believed that like myths, all folktales are structurally
identical if approached from the point of view of their composition. Xmas 2020 advent; of masks & masses

Accordingly, in preference to analysing the characters, he began to categorize the diverse types of actions performed by Cosmic lover - II :: Poem
the characters, or might have performed in every tale, from the stance of their signification of the development of the plot.
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Propp finally recognized thirty-one constant functions of folktales. Every folktale which is prevalent in every nook and Tobacco cessation during COVID-19
corner of the world can be studied through the Given Method of Propp. Here only a few practitioners of folklore are
mentioned. Human Capital Flight & Skill Development

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There are others with different views on it. Another important figure is Levi-Strauss. He gave the Rearrangement Method
of folklore study. He endeavoured to extend the Saussurean principles beyond the realm of linguistics. School Fagathansi Mission : Look beyond..

He applied the structural linguistics to other non-linguistic material in an analogous way which he phrased as Manipuri Women's struggle of 1939
"phonological revolution". He segmented the variety of myths into basic units of signification, which he gave the name
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"mytheme". He rearranged the units in a matrix to give a deep meaning of the myth and the diachronic unfolding of the
plot thereby establishing a certain type of communication between individuals and communities. State level Nupi Lan Day : Gallery

Folklore study is important as it gives us a privilege to learn about our own culture and society. As the world is becoming Recover Better- Stand Up for Human Rights
a global village with people of different nationalities trotting across the globe and inhabiting in different parts of the world,
Nupi Lal Ningshing Thouram, Ningthoukhang
the need for folklore study is coming to be more significant as this will be the only means to retain our own roots, culture
and sense of belongingness to a certain community. National Lok Adalat held

Folklore gives an impression of collectiveness of the shared culture. The problems and anxieties of any community will Artificial Football Turf at Langjing Achouba
reflect on the riddles and folklores. In some communities, an act of riddle is done during death or marriage to minimize
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the tensions of someone's departure.
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The tensions are reduced by introducing a variable like riddle/myth to mediate the binary opposites of sad and joy. If we
make an attempt to uncover the symbolic meaning behind any folktale then we will find the solution to the problem. The Jojo Rajkumari : MMA fighter
only thing is to locate the events which are concealed from the symbolic disguise. We should search for an answer for
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the society from folklores.
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There may be different versions of folktales among various communities because of its geographical and historical
differences but the core function of the tale will remain the same. Even if the story is generated into numerous versions Gender Inequality & its effect in Manipur
we can easily know the similarity in the story because of its type or frame.
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For instance, the Manipuri Epic Khamba Thoibi may have different versions like Heer Ranja, Laila Majnu, etc. The Inauguration of ADR Centres at 5 districts
backdrop may not be the same but they discuss the problems prevalent during that time within varied communities.
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There are many discourses to explain our native land. But the true image of our culture and society can be achieved
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through folklore which is purely based on oral discourse.
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The written documentation can be altered but the oral of natives cannot. The written form is the representation which
lessens the authenticity of the elements. Professor J. Handoo's insightful lectures would mark an overpowering Need to put economy back on track
impression among youths to maintain their own culture through the folklores. He underscored the need for a good
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archive to store the different versions of folktales narrated by the old people for future use.
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Any folklore or fairy tale carries a symbolic meaning. Next time when we listen to our grandfathers and grandmothers'
stories on COVID-19 Status 10 Dec : Govt of Manipur

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among others, we should attempt to know the underlying meanings by dissecting the structures of the tales. My profound
gratitude to Professor M. Mani Meitei, Head of Department, Manipur University, for organizing such an interesting event Future of the Manipuris
which opens up a new vista for studying our own culture through different methods.
Revisiting life & works of MA Janab Khan #1

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* Phurailatpam Jayalaxmi wrote this article for The Sangai Express. The writer can be contacted at
jphurailatpam(at)yahoo(dot)co(dot)in Ramification of Manipur's Merger with India
This article was webcasted at e-pao.net on 05th April 2010.
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