IIT JEE ADVANCED MATHEMATICS by OM SIR

TRIGONOMETRIC
EQUATION

Om Sharma
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 IIT JEE ADVANCED MATHEMATICS by OM SIR

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 IIT JEE ADVANCED MATHEMATICS by OM SIR

1 – tan 2 
Sum & difference formulae = 1 – 2 sin2 =
1 + tan 2 
(i) sin (A ± B) = sin A cos B ± cos A sin B 2 tan 
(ii) cos (A ± B) = cos A cos B  sin A sin B (iii) tan 2 =
1 – tan 2 
tan A  tan B
(iii) tan (A ± B) = (iv) sin 3 = 3 sin  – 4 sin3 
1  tan A tan B
(v) cos 3 = 4 cos3  – 3 cos 
cot A. cot B  1
(iv) cot (A ± B) = 3 tan  – tan 3 
cot B  cot A (vi) tan 3 =
1 – 3 tan 2 
(v) sin (A + B).sin (A – B) = sin2 A – sin2 B
= cos2 B – cos2 A 1 – cos 
(vii) sin (/2) =
(vi) cos (A + B).cos (A – B) = cos2 A – sin2 B 2
= cos2 B – sin2 A 1 + cos 
(viii) cos (/2) =
(vii) tan (A + B + C) 2
tan A + tan B + tan C – tan A tan B tan C
= 1 – cos  1 – cos  sin 
1 – tan A tan B – tan B tan C – tan C tan A (ix) tan (/2) = = =
1 + cos  sin  1 + cos 
(viii) sin(A + B + C) = sinAcosBcosC
+ cosAsinBcosC + cosAcosBsinC (x) 1 + sin 2A = |sin A + cos A|
– sinAsinBsinC (xi) 1 − sin 2A = |sin A – cos A|
(ix) cos(A + B + C) = cosA cosB cosC
– cosA sinB sinC – sinA cosB sinC The greatest & least value of the
– sinA sinB cosC expression [a sin + b cos]
Formulae for product into sum or Greatest value = a 2 + b2 and
difference conversion
Least value = – a 2 + b2
(i) 2sin A cos B = sin (A + B) + sin (A – B)
(ii) 2cos A sin B = sin (A + B) – sin (A – B) Some useful identities
(iii) 2cos A cos B = cos (A + B) + cos (A – B)
(iv) 2sin A sin B = cos (A – B) – cos (A + B) (i) tan (A + B + C) =
 tan A – tan A tan B tan C
1 –  tan A. tan B
C+D C–D
(v) sin C + sin D = 2 sin   .cos  
 2   2  (ii) tan = cot  – 2 cot 2
C+D C – D (iii) tan 3 = tan.tan(60° – ).tan (60° + )
(vi) sin C – sin D = 2 cos   .sin  
 2   2  (iv) tan(A + B) – tanA – tanB = tanA.tanB.tan(A + B)
1
C+ D C–D (v) sin  sin(60°– ) sin (60° + ) = sin 3
(vii) cos C + cos D = 2 cos   .cos   4
 2   2 
1
C+ D D–C (vi) cos  cos(60°– )cos(60° + ) = cos 3
*(viii) cos C – cos D = 2sin   . sin   4
 2   2 
Some useful series
Trigonometrical ratios of multiple angles
(i) sin + sin( + ) + sin( + 2) +..... to n terms
2 tan    n – 1     n 
(i) sin 2 = 2 sin  cos  = sin  +   sin  
1 + tan 2   2     2 
=  ;   2n
(ii) cos 2 = cos2 – sin2 = 2 cos2 –1 
sin  
2

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 IIT JEE ADVANCED MATHEMATICS by OM SIR
(ii) cos  + cos ( + ) + cos ( + 2) +.....to n terms (x) cos2A + cos2B + cos2C = 1 – 2 cos A. cosB cos C
  n – 1     n  (xi) tan A + tan B + tan C = tan A. tan B. tan C
cos +   sin   (xii) tan(A/2) tan(B/2) + tan(B/2) tan(C/2)
  2     2 
= ;   2n + tan(C/2) tan(A/2) = 1

sin   (xiii) cos + cos + cos + cos( +  + )
2
(iii) p = cos. cos 2 .cos 22....... cos (2n–1 )  + +  +
= 4cos   cos   cos  
 sin 2 n   2   2   2 
 n , if   n
 2 sin 
 (xiv) sin + sin + sin – sin( +  + )
=
1, if  = 2k
  + +  +
 = 4 sin   sin   sin  
 – 1, if  = (2k + 1)  2   2   2 
(xv) If n  I then
(a) sin n = 0
Conditional Trigonometrical identities
(b) cos n = (–1)n
If A + B + C =  then  n 
(c) cos   = 0 ( If n is odd)
(i) A + B =  – C, B + C =  – A & C + A =  – B  2 
(ii) sin(A + B) = sin( – C) = sinC n –1
 n 
Similarly, sin (B + C) = sin( – A) = sin A (d) sin   = (–1) 2 (If n is odd)
 2 
and sin (C + A) = sin ( – B) = sin B
(e) cos (n ± ) = (–1)n cos
(iii) cos(A + B) = cos( – C) = – cosC
(f) sin(n + ) = (–1)n sin
Similarly, cos (B + C) = cos( – A) = – cos A
n +1
and cos (C + A) = cos ( – B) = – cos B  n 
(g) cos  +   = (–1) 2 sin, n is odd integer.
(iv) tan(A + B) = tan( – C) = – tan C  2 
Similarly, tan (B + C) = tan( – A) = – tan A and n –1
tan (C + A) = tan ( – B) = – tan B  n 
(h) sin  +   = (–1) 2 cos, n is odd integer.
A+B  C  2 
(v) If A + B + C = , then = − and
2 2 2
B+C  A C+A  B
= − and = −
2 2 2 2 2 2 sine, cosine and tangent of some angle
 A+B  C C less than 90º
sin   = sin  −  = cos  
 2  2 2 2
º
 A+B  C C  1
cos   = cos  −  = sin  
S 15º 18º  22  36º
 2   2 2  2  2
 A+B  C C 3 −1 5 −1
tan   = tan  −  = cot   . sin
1
2− 2 10 − 2 5
 2  2 2 2 2 2 4 2 4
(vi) sin 2A + sin 2B + sin 2C = 4 sin A. sin B. sin C
3 +1 10 + 2 5 1 5 +1
(vii) cos 2A + cos 2B + cos 2C cos 2+ 2
= –1 – 4 cos A. cos B. cos C 2 2 4 2 4
A B C
(viii) sin A + sin B + sin C = 4 cos cos cos 25 − 10 5
2 2 2 tan 2– 3 2 –1 5−2 5
5
(ix) cos A + cos B + cos C
A B C
= 1 + 4 sin sin sin
2 2 2

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 IIT JEE ADVANCED MATHEMATICS by OM SIR

EXERCISE # 1
Questions (D) None of these
based on General Formulas
Q.6 The solution set of (2 cos x – 1)(3 + 2 cos x) = 0
in the interval 0  x  2 is -
tan 2 + tan 
Q.1 f = 0, then the general value (A) {/3}
1 − tan  tan 2
(B) {/3, 5/3}
of  is
(C) {/3, 5/3, cos–1(–3/2)}
n
(A) n ; n  I (B) ;nI (D) None of these
3
n n Q.7 Find the general solution of 2 sinx + tanx = 0
(C) ;nI (D) ;nI
4 6 2
(A) n, (3k ± 1) ;kI
3
Q.2 Find the general solution of x,
2
 x 3 (B) 2n, (3k + 1) ;kI
cot −  = 3
 4 3  3
2
 (C) 2n, (3k ± 1) ;kI
(A) (12n – 1) ; n  I 3
2
(D) None of these

(B) (12n + 1) ; n  I
2 Questions Solution of Equation reducible to
− based on Quadratic Equation
(C) (12n + 1) ; n  I
4
 Q.8 The general solution of the equation
(D) (12n + 1); n  I
4
tan2  + 2 3 tan  = 1 is given by -
Q.3 If tan a – tan b = 0, then the values of  for
  1
a series in – (A)  = (B)  n +   ; n  I
(A) A.P. (B) G.P. 2  12 
(C) H.P. (D) None of these  n
(C) (6n + 1) (D)
12 12
Q.4 Find the general solution of x when
4tan2 = 3sec2 Q.9 Find the general solution of  when
 
(A) n ± , n  I (B) n ± , n  I tan2  – (1 + 3 ) tan  + 3 =0
4 6
 (A) n + /3 & n + /4, n  I
(C) n ± , n  I (D) None of these (B) n + /2 & n + /4, n  I
3

Questions (C) (2n + 1) & n + /6, n  I
based on Solved by use of Factorization 6
(D) None of these
Q.5 Find the general solution of x when
2cosx . cos2x = cosx Questions Transformation of sum & difference
  based on into product & vice versa
(A) n + & k ± , n, k  I
2 6

(B) n ±  & k ± , n, k  I  
3 Q.10 If x  0,  , the number of solutions of the
  2
(C) (2n + 1) & k ± , n, k  I equation, sin 7x + sin 4x + sin x = 0 is
2

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 IIT JEE ADVANCED MATHEMATICS by OM SIR
(A) 3 (B) 5   1
(D) cos  x +  =
(C) 6 (D) None  4 2
Q.11 sin x, sin 2x, sin 3x are in A.P if x =
(A) n/2, n  I (B) n , n  I Q.16 The equation a sin x + b cos x = c, where
(C) 2n, n  I (D) (2n + 1) , n  I
|c| > a 2 + b 2 has –
Q.12 The general solution of (A) A unique solution
cos2x + cos2 2x + cos2 3x = 1 (B) Infinite no. of solutions
  
(A)(2n + 1) , (2n + 1) , n ± , n  I (C) No solution
6 2 3
(D) None of these
  
(B) (2n + 1) , (2n + 1) , n ± ,nI
4 2 6 Trig. Eq. which can be solved by
Questions
  
(C) (2n + 1) , (2n + 1) , n ± ,nI based on Boundness of the Trig. Ratio
3 2 4
(D) None of these Q.17 Find the general solution for x when
Q.13 The general solution of x
sinx (cos – 2 sin x)
4 sin x . sin 2x. sin 4x = sin 3x 4
n  x
(A) 2n, ± ,nI + (1 + sin – 2 cos x) cos x = 0
3 6 4
n 
(B) n, ± ,nI (A) 2p p  I (B) (8p – 6) p  I
6 9
(C) (3p – 2) p  I (D) (2p + 1)p  I
n 
(C) n, ± ,nI
3 9
Q.18 Find the general solution for x when
(D) None of these
sin 3x + cos 2x = – 2
Q.14 If tan  + tan 4 + tan 7 = tan  tan 4 tan 7,  
then  = (A) (4p – 3) ,pI (B) (4p – 2) ,pI
3 3
n n
(A) ,nI (B) ,nI 
4 7 (C) (4p + 1) ,pI (D) None of these
7
n
(C) ,nI (D) n n  I
12
Questions Solution in the case of two Equations
based on are given
Questions Solution of Equation in form of
based on a sinx + b cosx = c
1
Q.19 If cos = and tan = –1, then the most
2
Q.15 sin x + cos x = 1 if -
general value of  which satisfies both the
  1
(A) sin  x +  = equations is
 4 2

  1 (A)  = 2n + ,nI
(B) sin  x −  = 4
 4  2
7
  1 (B)  = 2n + ,nI
(C) cos  x −  = 4
 4 2
7
(C)  = n + ,nI
4

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(D) None of these 3 4
(D) n + , k + tan–1 (n, k  I)
4 3
Questions
Miscellaneous points
based on ➢ True or False type Questions

Q.20 The equation sin6 x + cos6 x =  , has a Q.24 sin 2x + cos 2x + sinx + cos x + 1 = 0 has no
solution if - solution in the first quadrant.
1  1 
(A)    ,1 (B)    4 ,1 Q.25 The equation 2cos2 (x/2) sin2(x/2) = x2 + x–2,
2   
0  x  /2 has a real solution.
 1
(C)   [–1, 1] (D)   0, 
 2 Q.26 For the equation
sin  + 3 cos   1, – /6    /2.
Q.21 Set of values of x lying in [0, 2] satisfying the
inequality | sin x | > 2 sin2 x contains ➢ Fill in The Blanks type Questions
    7   7 
(A)  0,    ,  (B)  0,  Q.27 The solution set of the system of equations:
 6  6   6 
x + y = 2/3, cos x + cos y = 3/2, where x and
(C) /6 (D) None of these y are real is ..........
Q.22 Number of solutions of the equation
 1 
2
2sin x + 5.2 cos
2
x
= 7 in the interval [–, ] is Q.28 If cos 2 = (2 + 1)  cos  −  , then
 2
(A) 4 (B) 2
 = ...........
(C) 6 (D) 0
Q.29 If 4 cos2 x sin x – 2 sin2 x = 3 sin x,
Q.23 The general solution of the equation
then x = ...................
7 cos2 x + sin x cos x – 3 = 0 is given by

(A) n + (n  I)
2

(B) n – (n  I)
4
4
(C) n + tan–1 (n  I)
3

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 IIT JEE ADVANCED MATHEMATICS by OM SIR
EXERCISE # 2
Q.8 Find the general solution of x when
Only single correct answer type
Part-A 3cos2x – 10cos x + 3 = 0
questions
(A) 2n ± cos–1 (1/3), n  I
Q.1 If cos x = 1− sin 2x , 0 < x < , then a value of
(B) 2n ± cos–1 (1/4), n  I
x is-
(A) tan–1 2 (B) 0 (C) 2n ± cos–1 (1/5), n  I
(C)  (D) None of these (D) None of these

Q.2 Which of the following can be a root of the Q.9 All value of , between 0 & , which satisfy the
equation; sin (x – 2) = sin (3x – 4) in (–, ) 1
equation; cos . cos2 . cos 3 = is
7 3 5 3 4
(A) – + (B) – +
2 2 4 2   3 5 2 7
−3 3 (A) , , , , ,
(C) + (D) None of these 8 3 8 8 3 8
4 2
  5 2 7
(B) , , , ,
Q.3 3log tan x + 3log cot x = 2 then x is - 8 3 8 3 8
    3 5 7
(A) n + (B) (4n + 1) (C) , , , ,
2 4 8 3 8 8 8
 (D) None of these
(C) n – (D) n
4
Q.10 The number of solutions of the equation
Q.4 Find the number of solutions of the equation  x 
30 |sin x| = x in 0  x  2 sin   = x2 – 2 3 x + 4
2 3
(A) 4 (B) 2 (C) 8 (D) 6
(A) forms an empty set
Q.5 The number of solutions of (B) is only one
tan(5 cos) = cot(5 sin) for  in (0, 2) is (C) is only two
(A) 7 (B) 14 (C) 21 (D) 28 (D) is greater than 2

Q.6 The values of x between 0 and 2 which satisfy Q.11 If tan2 [ (x + y)] + cot2 [ (x + y)]
the equation sin x 8 cos 2 x = 1 are in A.P. 2x
=1 + where x, y  R, then least
with common difference 1 + x2
  3 5 positive value of y is
(A) (B) (C) (D)
4 8 8 8 5 1
(A) (B)
4 4
Q.7 The solution of the inequality
3
log1/2 sinx > log1/2 cos x in (0, 2) is (C) (D) 2
4
 5 
(A) x   ,2  n
 
 sin (rx) . sin (r x) = 1
4 2
Q.12 Solve for x,
  r =1
(B) x   0, 
 4 (2m + 1)  (4m − 1) 
(A) (B)
    5  n (n − 1) (n + 1)
(C) x   0,    , 2 
 4  4  (2m + 1) 
(C) (D) None of these
(D) None of these n (n + 1)

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 IIT JEE ADVANCED MATHEMATICS by OM SIR
Q.13 The set of values of x for which Q.18 x1 and x2 are two positive values of x for which
sin x . cos3 x > cos x . sin3 x, 0  x  2, is- 2 cos x, |cos x| and 3 sin2 x – 2 are in G.P. The
  minimum value of |x1 – x2| is equal to
(A) (0, ) (B)  0, 
 4 4 
(A) (B)
  3 3
(C)  ,   (D) None of these
4   2
(C) (D) cos–1  
6 3
sin 3  – cos3  cos 
Q.14 If –
sin  – cos  1 + cot 2 
Q.19 The set of values of x satisfying the equation
 
sin2  x − 
– 2 tan  cot  = – 1,   [0, 2], then  
tan  x −   4
 4 cos 2 x
    2 – 2.(0.25) + 1 = 0 is-
(A)    0,  –  
 2  4   5 
(A) A set of 2 values;  , 
   3  2 4 
(B)    ,  –  
2  4 (B) An infinite set
 3   5  (C) An empty set
(C)    , – 
 2  4 (D) None of these
 
(D)   (0, ) –  ,  Q.20 Find the general solution of x,
4 2 sin 5x + sin x + 2sin2 x = 1
n  k 
 5 5  (A) + (–1) n , + when n, k  I
Q.15 If x  − ,  , the greatest positive 3 18 2 4
 2 2
n  k 
solution of 1 + sin4 x = cos2 3x is - (B) + (–1) n , + ; n, k  I
3 9 2 4
(A)  (B) 2
n  k 
5 (C) − (−1) n , − when n, k  I
(C) (D) None of these 3 9 2 4
2
(D) None of these
Q.16 Find the general solution of x,
cos2 2x + cos2 3x = 1 Q.21 If max {5sin  + 3sin ( – )} = 7 then the set
R

(A) (2k + 1) , k  I of possible values of  is
10
   
(B) (k + 1) ;k  I (A) x | x = 2n  ; n  Z
10  3 
  2 
(C) (2k – 1) , k  I (B) x | x = 2n  ; n  Z
10  3 
(D) None of these   2 
(C)  , 
Q.17 The equation sin4 x + cos4 x + sin 2x +  = 0 is 3 3 
solvable for - (D) None of these
1 1
(A) –  Q.22 If 0  x  3, 0  y  3 and cos x sin y = 1 then
2 2
the possible number of values of the ordered
(B) – 3    1
pair (x, y) is
3 1
(C) –  (A) 6 (B) 12
2 2
(C) 8 (D) 15
(D) – 1   1

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n One or more than one correct
and (cos x )sin x – 3 sin x + 2 = 1, then
2
Q.23 If x  Part-B
2 answer type questions
all solutions of x are given by

  Q.29 If 5 cos 2 + 2 cos2 + 1 = 0,– <  < ,
(A) 2n + (B) (2n + 1) – 2
2 2
then  =

(C) n + (–1) n
(D) None of these    3
2 (A) (B) , cos–1  
3 3 5
Q.24 If   [0, 5] and r  R such that  3   3
(C) cos–1   (D)  ,  – cos –1  
2 sin = r – 2r + 3 then the maximum number of
4 2 5 3 5
value of the pair (r, ) is -
 
(A) 8 (B) 10 Q.30 If   [–2, 2] and cos + sin =
2 2
(C) 6 (D) None of these
2 (cos36º – sin 18º) then a value of  is
7  5 
Q.25 The number of real solutions of (A) (B) (C) – (D) –
6 6 6 6
sin ex . cos ex = 2x–2 + 2–x–2 is -
3 1
(A) Two (B) One sin2 x – sin x +
Q.31 If | cos x | 2 2 = 1 then possible values
(C) Zero (D) Infinite
of x are
Q.26 If the equation sin  (sin  + 2 cos ) = a has (A) n or n + (–1)n /6, n  
real solution then the shortest interval (B) n or 2n + /2 or n + (–1)n /6, n  
containing ' a ' given by - (C) n + (–1)n /6, n  
1 − 3 1 + 3  (D) n, n  
(A)  , 
 2 2 
Q.32 sin  + 3 cos  = 6x – x2 – 11, 0    4,
1 − 7 1 + 7  x  R, holds for
(B)  , 
 2 2  (A) no value of x and two values of 
1 − 5 1 + 5 
(B) one value of x and two values of 
(C)  ,  (C) two values of x and one value of 
 2 2 
(D) two pairs of values of (x, )
(D) None of these
Q.33 The equation
Q.27 The general solution of the equation 2 sin x/2 cos2 x – 2 sin x/2 sin2x =
sin100 x – cos100 x = 1 is cos2 x – sin2 x has a root for which
  (A) sin 2x = 1 (B) sin 2x = – 1
(A) 2n + , n   (B) n + , n  
3 2 (C) cos x = 1/2 (D) cos 2x = – 1/2
 
(C) n + ,n (D) 2n – ,n Q.34 In a right angled triangle the hypotenuse is
4 3
2 2 times the length of perpendicular drawn
Q.28 The number of roots of the equation from the opposite vertex on the hypotenuse,
x + 2 tan x = /2 in the interval [0, 2] is then the other two angles are
(A) 1 (B) 2 (A) /3, /6 (B) /4, /4
(C) 3 (D) infinite (C) /8, 3/8 (D) /12, 5/12

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EXERCISE # 3
➢ Old IIT-JEE questions
Q.1 If 1+ cos + cos2 + .......... = 2 – 2 , then Q.4 The number of values of  in the interval
, (0 <  < ) is [REE 2000]    n
 – ,  such that   for n = 0, ± 1, ± 2
(A) /8 (B) /6  2 2 5
(C) /4 (D) 3/4 and tan  = cot 5 as well as sin 2 = cos 4 is
Q.2 The number of integral values of k for which [IIT- 2010]
the equation 7 cos x + 5 sin x = 2k + 1 has a
Q.5 Let P = { : sin  – cos  = 2 cos } and
solution is- [IIT 2002]
(A) 4 (B) 8 Q = { : sin  + cos  = 2 sin } be two sets.
(C) 10 (D) 12 Then [IIT-2011]
(A) P  Q and Q – P  
Q.3 The number of solutions of the pair of equations
(B) Q  P
2sin2  – cos 2 = 0, 2cos2  – 3 sin  = 0 in the
(C) P  Q
interval [0, 2] is- [IIT- 2007] (D) P = Q
(A) zero (B) one
(C) two (D) four Q.6 The positive integer value of n > 3 satisfying
1 1 1
the equation = + is
  2   3 
sin   sin   sin  
n  n   n 
[IIT-2011]

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ANSWER KEY
EXERCISE # 1
Q.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. B C A C A B A B A B A B C C A,C
Q.No. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Ans. C B D B B A B D

24. True 25. False 26. True 27. Null set

28. 2n ± /4, 2n ± /3 29. n, n + (–1)n
/10, n – (–1)n 3/10

EXERCISE # 2
PART-A
Q.No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. A C B A D A B A A B B C B D B
Q.No. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28
Ans. A C C C A A A D C C C B C

PART-B
Q.No. 29 30 31 32 33 34
Ans. D A,D C,D B,D A,B,C,D C
PART-C
Q.No. 35 36 37
Ans. D C D
PART-D
38. A → S, B → Q, C → P, D → R 39. A → R, B → S, C → P, D → Q

EXERCISE # 3
Q.No. 1 2 3
Ans. D B C
4. 3 5. (D) 6. 7

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