Learning Area Science Grade Level 6

W6-8 Quarter 3rd Date

I. LESSON TITLE Simple Machines

II. MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING Demonstrate the practical and safe uses of simple machines. (S6FE-IIId-f-2)
COMPETENCIES (MELCs) Manipulate simple machines to describe their characteristics and uses.
(S6FE-IIIg-i-3)
III. CONTENT/CORE CONTENT Energy transformation in simple machines.
Ref. Science Beyond Borders 6 Textbook pp. 170-175; pp. 157-165.
https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/detail/1506
IV. LEARNING Suggested
Learning Activities
PHASES Timeframe
A. Introduction 60 minutes In this lesson, you will learn how to safely use the simple machines and
Panimula demonstrate safety measures to prevent accidents with machines. Also, you will
understand the uses and description of each simple machine.
Machines will help you make your tasks easier and quicker. Moreover,
accidents might happen when machines break down or when used improperly.
You could get cut by sharp tools. They may also tumble off your bikes or even
get injured when operating simple machines.
What are simple machines? Simple machines are machines that have been
used since ancient times. These have been developed to make work lighter and
less difficult.
There are six simple machines, namely: lever, wheel and axle, inclined
plane, wedge, screw, and pulley. Each simple machine has its own use and
has different functions. These will help you do work in many ways. It can transfer
force from one place to another. It can increase the amount of force you apply to
a certain task. It can also change the distance, speed, and direction of the force.
When using simple machines, you must practice precautionary measures to
avoid accidents.

Safety with sharp objects

1. Use sharp tools under adult supervision. Ask for help when having
difficulty in using.
1. Choose tools of the right size for your hands. Tools that are too large for
your hands can slip while in use and will cause danger.
2. When using sharp tools, give your full attention to what you are doing.
Make sure that you have good lighting so you can clearly see the tools
and your hands.
3. Keep, clean, and return sharp tools to their proper places or storage. Do
not leave tools scattered around your house.

Safety on ramps
1. Look out for and avoid slippery spots.
2. Hold on the handrails.
3. Do not run down or race on ramps.
4. Be extra careful on bringing down patients with wheelchairs, babies on
strollers, or grocery carts.

Safety on pulley
1. Check the ropes if at the right gauge (thick enough) and are in good
condition (not yet brittle or frayed).
2. Make sure that the knots are tied correctly. If not sure, have it checked
by experts.
3. If you like doing activities like zip lining or wall climbing, check the
reputation of the place, competence of attendants, and durability of
facilities before you do the ride.
4. Have safety nets and back-up ropes in case the main supporting rope
snaps.
Some products have safety symbols used to give precautions on the danger
when the product is not used properly. Moreover, there are also symbols on
highways and streets that must be observed for safety purposes. These symbols
 must be understood and be followed to avoid accidents. The symbol shown in
the
right side for instance means that the road is slippery for
vehicles with tires or wheels.
Simple machines include a lever which is a straight or
curved rigid bar that is free to turn about a fixed point. All
levers have fulcrum or fixed point, point of effort, and the
Image taken from Google

load which is being moved. Levers are of three classes.

Class 1 lever has fulcrum between effort and load; class 2 lever has the load
between effort and fulcrum; and class 3 lever has the effort between the load
and the fulcrum.
Another kind of simple machine is pulley. A pulley is a grooved wheel that
turns around an axle which is held in place by a mounting bracket. A rope or wire
moves along the wheel’s circumference. Pulley has three points of interests
namely: fulcrum, point of effort at one end of the rope, and the resistance or
load to be lifted.
An inclined plane is another kind of simple machine. It is a plane tilted in an
angle with one end higher than the other.
One of the simple machines also includes screws. Screw is a spiral inclined
plane. It is composed of a cylindrical body with a spiral ridge called thread. The
thread surrounds from the tip to the head. On the other hand, an inclined plane
or two inclined planes that meet each other to form a sharp edge is called a
wedge. Wedges are typically good for cutting and piercing.
Examples of wedges are knives, axes, pins, and nails.
The last kind of simple machine is called wheel and axle. It is a simple
machine that has a small disk or shaft called an axle that is attached to a wheel.
The wheel may be a complete wheel or a crank that turns like a wheel. Examples
of wheel and axle with complete wheels are doorknobs and vehicle wheels while
wheel and axle with a crank instead of wheel are pencil sharpeners and meat
grinders, among others.
B. Development 180 minutes Learning Task 1: Make a list of safety precautions a person must take when
Pagpapaunlad using the following simple machines. Do this on your answer sheet.
Precautionary measures when using…
Scissors Ax Hammer Staple
1. 1. 1. 1.
2. 2. 2. 2.
3. 3. 3. 3.
4. 4. 4. 4.
5. 5. 5. 5.

Learning Task 2: Draw/cut and paste symbols/signs or pictures that show

precautionary measures when using simple machines. Indicate the precautions
that the symbols tell. Do these on your answer sheets.

Symbols of Some Precautionary Measures Used

Learning Task 3: Put a (✔) check mark on the object that is an example of a
simple machine and a (🗶) cross on the object that is not a simple machine. Do
these on your answer sheet.
 Learning Task 4: Perform this activity on your answer sheet.

Activity Title: Constructing Simple Machine

Materials:
A - 1-foot ruler
pencil
paperweight
B – paper
pencil

Procedures:
A. 1. Tape a pencil on your tabletop. Let this be the fulcrum.
2. Let a hard 1-foot ruler rest on top of the pencil, with the 6-inch mark right
on the fulcrum.
3. Place the rectangular paperweight at the 5-inch mark.
4. Lift the weight by pressing your finger on points at the other side of the
fulcrum.
5. Observe where it will take less effort to lift the load—at points closer to or
farther away from the fulcrum?

B. 1. Cut a piece of paper into a triangle.

2. Wrap the paper around a pencil. See that the inclined plane “ramp”
of the paper is now spiraled around the length of the pencil. You now
have a paper model of a screw.
3. Starting from the end of your pencil, trace the thread of the screw with
your finger. See how your finger spirals its way up to the top of the
pencil.

Questions:
Answer the following on your answer sheet.
1. What would happen if you used a triangle with a steeper incline?
2. What would happen if the triangle had a less steep incline?
3. How will new screws compare with the original screws?

Learning Task 5: Look around your home. Take note of the simple machines
that you see. List down all the things that you think are examples of a simple
machine or a combination of simple machines.
Home:
1. _____________________
2. _____________________
3. _____________________
4. _____________________
5. _____________________

Learning Task 6: Identify which of the pictures below is a lever. Put a cross
mark (🗶) on the drawing or illustration that you think is not a lever.

C. Engagement 120 minutes Learning Task 7: Answer the following questions. Do these on your answer
 Pakikipagpal sheet.
ihan 1. Why are simple machines important? Cite everyday activities where
simple machines are used.
2. Knowing the nature of simple machines, would you consider some parts
of the human body as simple machines? Why or why not? Also, give
examples of parts of the human body that you think are like simple
machines.

Learning Task 8: Create a marketing strategy for a new product on a simple

machine and its efficiency. Present it using short bond paper. Make use of the
rubric below.
Assessment Criteria Level of Proficiency
Legend: 3-Very Good; 2-Good; 1-Needs 3 2 1
Improvement
1. Details of information given.
2. Organization of ideas.
3. Concepts and integration of lessons learned.
4. Materials used for the output.
5. Presentation of output.
D. Assimilation 60 minutes Remember that simple machines discussed in this lesson are:
Paglalapat ▪ Simple machines are simple tools that make work easier and faster.
▪ Simple machines can be categorized as: inclined plane, lever, pulley,
screw, wedge, and wheel and axle.
▪ Simple machines help us lift, pull, change the direction of the force,
split, cut or fasten things.
▪ We all use simple machines everyday: to open a door, to turn on the
water faucet, to tie up our shoelaces, to go up or down a flight of
stairs, or even just to eat.

Learning Task 9: Answer the following. Remember what you have learned
about simple machines. Write your explanations on your answer sheet.
1. It is Linda’s first day on her job as a saleslady. Her task is to put canned
goods on the shelf. Give suggestions on how Linda should do the task easily.
2. Again, based on your suggestions, what is the best way to accomplish the
task, and why?
3. What do you think of the inclined plane? How do you think will it make
Linda’s task easier?
V. ASSESSMENT 60 minutes Learning Task 10:
(Learning Activity Sheets 1. Answer “Let’s Check A and B” on pp. 164-165 of Science Beyond Borders 6
for Enrichment,
Remediation or Textbook. Write your answers on your answer sheet. (20 items)
Assessment to be given 2. Answer “Let’s Check” on pp. 174 of Science Beyond Borders 6 Textbook.
on Weeks 3 and 6) Write your answers on your answer sheet. (5 items)

VI. REFLECTION 60 minutes Using the symbols below, choose one which best describes your experience in working
on each given task. Draw it in the column for Level of Performance (LP). Be guided by the
descriptions below.
- I was able to do/perform the tasks without any difficulty. The tasks
helped me in understanding the target content/lesson.
- I was able to do/perform the tasks. It was quite challenging but it still
helped me in understanding the target content/lesson.
- I was not able to do/perform the tasks. It was extremely difficult. I need
additional enrichment activities to be able to do/perform this task.
My Level of Performance
In your notebook, write your personal insights about the lesson by completing the
phrase below.
I understand that ________________________________________________________.
I realize that _____________________________________________________________.
I need to learn more about ______________________________________________.

Name: Section:

Teacher NIEVES H. FIGUEROA