Mht-Cet Chemistry Pyq

11th & 12th SCIENCE + JEEMAIN + NEET + MHTCET
MHTCET CHEMISTRY PYQs

2021 & 2022 PREPARATION
By Anshuman Singh,
Engineer, VJTI Mumbai
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1.Some Basic Concepts of Chemistry
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Important Formulae and Shortcut Methods
Importance and Scope of Chemistry: Materials
Engineering Medicines Agriculture Energy
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System of Units:
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Centimetre - Gram - Second (CGS)
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Foot- Pound- Second (FPS)
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.Metre Kilogram - Second (MKS)
Seven Fundamental SI Units :
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Length (metre) Mass (kilogram)
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Time second) Temperature (Kelvin)
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.Amount of Substance (mole) Electric current (ampere)
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Luminous Intensity (candela)
Laws of Chemical Combination
Law of conservation of mass Law of definite proportions
Law of multiple proportions Gay Luccac's law of gaseous volumes
Avogadro Law
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Physical Properties of matter:
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1. Mass SI unitkilogram (kg)
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Other units> 1 kg= 1000 g

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2. Length: SI unit metre (m)
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Other units Inm= 10 m, 1 pm = 10 m
1A = 107 m = 10" cm
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C
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3. Volume: SI unit> (metre)
Other units»1litre = dm=10 m=10 cm? =10
1
mL
1
mL = 1
cm' = 10 m
4. Density: SI unitkg m"
Other units>g cm,g mL"
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5. Temperature: SI unit Kelvin (K)

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Other units °C (degree celcius)

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F (degree Fahrenheit)
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Celcius to Fahrenheit: F= ¢C) +32

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Celcius to Kelvin: K= °C+273.15

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Important Points :
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a. I mole=6.022 x 10 species (i.e. atoms, molecules, ions etc.)

b. The atomic masses are expressed in amu. One amu is defined as a mass exactly
equal to one
twelfth of the mass of one carbon - 12 atom.
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Exam Questions
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(2)MHT-CET
x mass of one C-12
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1 amu =
12
x1.992648 x107 g = 1.66056 x 1024g
Recently, amu has been replaced by unified mass unit called Dalton (symbol 'u' or Da) u
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means unified mass.
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c. Atomic mass Mass
= of one atom
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Gram Atomic mass Mass of one mole of atoms
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=Mass of 6.022 x 10 atoms in g
e.g.Atomic mass of O is 16 u
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Gram atomic mass of O is 16 g
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. 16g0-contains 6.022 x 10 oxygen atoms.
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d. Molecular weight = Weight of one molecule
Molar mass or g- molecular weight= wt. of one mole of molecule
= wt. of 6.022 x 10 molecules
Sum of (Isotopic mass x% Abundance)

e. Average atomic mass = 100
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nc
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Mass of asubstance
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f. Number of moles (n)
Molar mass of a substance
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g. Number of molecules= Number of moles x Avogadro number
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Number of moles x 6.022 x 10" molecules mol
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ofa gas at STP
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Volume
h. Number of moles of a gas (n)
Molar volume of a gas
C
C
Volume of a gas at STP
22.4 dm mol
Multiple Choice Questions

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MHT-CET 2018
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1. Which symbol replaces the unit of atomic

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(B)A (C)M (D)n

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(A)u
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2. What is the SI unit of density?

(A)g cm (B)gm C)kg m (D)kg cm
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MHT-CET 2019
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3. The combining ratios of hydrogen and oxygen in water and hydrogen peroxide are 1:8 and 1:16
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Which law is illustrated in this example?

(A)Law of definite proportions
(B) Gay Lussac's law of combining volumes of gases
(C)Law of conservation of mass
(D) Law of multiple proportionss
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8ome Baslc Concopts of Chemistry (3)
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4. Tho tcmpornturo of 32"C is cquivalent to
(A)69 (B) 70r (C)85.6°P (D) 89.6°P
5. Number of gram ntoms of an clement preaent in onc atom of the clement is

(A)1.66 x 10-2 (B) 6.022 x 102 (C)1.66x 10-24 (D)6.022 x 10
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6. How many moles of nmmonia nre presCnt in 5.6 cm' of ammonia gas at
STP?
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10 mole (C) 3.9 x 10 mole (D) 2.5x 10 mole
(A) 4.5 x 10 mole (B) 2.0x
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7. What isth mass of one atom of C" ?
(A) 166.05 x 107 g (B) 6x 10"g C)12x 10"g (D) 1.6605 x 10" g
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8. The number of molecules present in 100 ml of water is (Given, Densityof water I g/cc)
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(A) 33.45 x 1023 (B) 3.345 x 1023 (C) 1.083 x 10" (D) 1.083x 10
C
C
equal to
9. The volume of mole of any pure gas at standard temperature and pressure is always
1
m
(A)22.414 m (B) 0.022414 m (C) 2.2414 m' (D)0.22414
MHT-CET 2020
2KCl+302(e1AH=-78kJ. If 33.6 L of oxygen gas is
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10. In the reaction, 2 KCIO3)
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= 39, Cl = 35.5 g mol")
liberated at STP, what is the mass of KCle produced? (Atomic mass: K
(B) 48.0 g C)24.0 g (D)74.5 g
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(A) 7.45 g
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11. Which gas among the following contains maximum number of

molecules at STP?
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(Molar masses in g mol: CO%= 44, Ar = 39.9, CH, = 16, O = 32)
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(B) 11 g of CO2 (C)24.0 g of O2 (D) 16.0 g of CH4
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(A) 13.3 g of Ar
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12. The units nanometer and picometer are related as,
(B)1 nm10 pm
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C
(A)1 nm= 10 pm
(C)1 nm =10 pm D)1 nm= 10 pm
13. What is the number of moles and total number of atoms respectively
present in 5.6 cm of
ammonia gas at STP?
(A)1.505 mol and 6.022 x 1020 atoms (B) 2.05 mol and 1.50 x 10 atoms
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10 mol and 1.5 x 10 atoms

(C)2.50 x 10 mol and 6.022 x 10 atoms (D)2.50 x
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14. What will be the volume of oxygen gas produced, if the

reaction
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2KCIO3 2KCl+302() AH°= -78kJ is carried out at S.T.P.?

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2KCI030)
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(B) 48.0 L (C) 67.2 LL (D) 22.4 L

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(A) 44.8 L
15. Which among the following elements has highest

number of atoms in 1 g each?
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(At. No.: Au = 197, Na = 23, Cu = 63.5, Fe= 56)

(C) Na) (D) Cu
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(A) Fe (B) Au)

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16. The volume of oxygen required for complete

combustion of 0.25 mole of methane at S.T.P. is
dm (B) 5.6 dm (C) 11.2 dm (D) 7.46 dm
(A) 22.4
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4) MHT-CET Exam Questions
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17. A sample of calcium carbonate has the following percentage composition.
Ca= 40%, C 12% and O = 48%
According to law of definite proportion the weight of calcium in 4 g of a sample
of calcium
carbonate from another source will be (At. No. : Ca=40, C 12,0 =16)
(A) 1.6 g B) 1.6x 10g (C)0.1 g D)0.2 g
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18. Pure samples of copper carbonate synthesized in laboratory and found naturally
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if both contains
51.35% copper, 38.91% carbon and 9.74% oxygen by weight. This is an accordance with
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(A)Law of definite proportion (B) Law of conservation of mass
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(C) Law of multiple proportion (D)Law of combining volumes
19. Which of the following set of compounds does NOT demonstrate the
law of multiple
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proportions?
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(A) H,0, H0 (B) SO2, S03 (C)H0, CO, CH4 (D) NO, NO2
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20. What is the average mass of an element if it has two isotopes, one
of mass 6.015 u with 8.24 %
and other of mass 7.016 u with 91.26% respectively?
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(A) 7.156 uu (B)7.551 u (C)6.515 u D) 6.899u
21. One amu is equal to
(A) 6.022 x 1074 g B) 1.6605 x 10 g (C) 4.661 x 107 g (D) 8.302x 10g
22. Which of the following hydride does not obey law of constant proportion?
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(A) HO (B) CH4 (C) B,Hs (D) LaH
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23. How many atoms of argon are present in 3.99 g of it? (Atomic
mass = 39.9)
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(A)6.022 x 10 (B)3.011 x 102 (C)3.011 x 101 (D)3.011 x 1022
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24. How many moles of methane are present in 11.2 L at S.T.P.?

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(A)0.5 mole B)0.25 mole (C)0.12 mole (D)0.6 mole
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ee
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25. Calculate mass of 3.01 x 10*" atoms of an element having atomic mass 21.13.
(A) 118.5 g mol (B) 105.65 g mol (C) 84.54 g mol (D)42.27 g mol
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26. At constant temperature and pressure when 8 volumes of dihydrogen gas
react with 4 volumes of
C
C
dioxygen, the mass of water vapour produced is
(A) 72 g (B) 162 g (C)144g (D)36 g
27. The number of moles of ammonia present in 5.6 dm' of its volume at S.T.P. is
(A) 0.25 (B) 1.0 (C)0.50 (D)0.75
28. The unit of atomic mass, amu is replaced by u, here u stands for
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(A)unifi mass
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(B) united mass (C)unique mass (D)universal mass

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SOLUTIONS
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1. (A)
uunified mass represents the unit of atomic mass.
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2. (C)
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kg m is the SI unit of density.

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3. (D)
HO-=0.125,
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Some Baslc Concepts of Chemlstry (5)
H,O 0.0625
C
16
These tworatios are in proportion
H,O
H.O1/16 Law of multiple proportions
is used.
4. (D)
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32=°F
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32x+32 =$9.6°F
5. (C) 6. (D) 7. (A)
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8. (A)
100 ml = 100 g(*
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d= lg/ c)
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C
-
18 5.55
moles
Imole = 6.022 x 10 molecules
5.55 mole = 5.55 x 6.022 x 104 = 33.45x 10 molecules
9. (B)
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10.(D)
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2KCIO 2KCl, +302s)
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2x 74.5 g 3 x 22.4 L
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= 149 g = 67.2 L
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Now, 67.2 L of O = 149 g of KCl at STP
33.6 L of O;=x gof KCI
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ee
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149x33.6=
74.5 gof KCl
67.2
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C
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11. (D)
i DA
=0.33
39.9
mol i. no, 24
0.75 mol
32
i. Dco 0.25 mol iv. Dat, I mol
44
.
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Maximum no. of moles

nc
= Maximum no. of molecules.

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12. (D)
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13. (C)
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Vol. of NH gas at STP = 5.6 cm° =5.6 x 10 dm

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Now 22.4 dm' of NH3 =1 mole ofNH, at STP

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5.6x 10 dm' of NH,= 2.5x 10 mol of NH

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22.4
Now, No. of atoms = 2.5x 10 x 6.022 x 10 x 4 6.022 x 103
atoms
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Exam Questions
(6) MHT-CET
C
14. (C)
+302(s)
2KCl)
2KCIO)
O2 = 22.4 L
At STP, mole of=
1
= 67.2 L
3 mole of O2 22.4 x3
15.(C)
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x6.022x10 atoms of Fe
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i. 1g Fe =mol=
56 56
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atoms of Au
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ii. 1g Au = mol = x6.022x10"
197
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atoms of Na
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ii. 1
g Na mol=x6.022x10"
23 23
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mol X6.022x10" atoms of Cu
C
C
iv. 1g Cu
atoms.
Hence, 1
g of Na has highest number of
16.(C)
+20, C0, + 2H,0
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CH,
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dm of O2
mole of methane required 2 x 22.4
=
I
11.2 dm' of O2
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=
= 2x 22.4 x 0.25
0.25 mole of methanrequired
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17.(A)
is present
In 100 g of CaCO3, 40 g Ca
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4X40 1.6 g of Ca is present.
In 4gof CaCO3
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100
C
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18. (A)
than
19. (C)
applicable for two or more elements are combined in more
Law of multiple proportions is
one formn.
; NO, NO;
e.g.: H,0, H2O2; SO2, SO3
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20. (D) 91. X7.016

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Average isotopic mass x6.015+

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100 100
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6.899 u
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= 0.496 +6.403
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21. (B)
amu= 1.6605 x 1074"g
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1
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22. (D)
Lanthanide hydride: LaHs
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So, LaH doesn't follow law of constant proportion

23. (A)
Mass of Ar=3.99 g
Atomic mass= 39.9
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Some Baslc Concepts of Chomlstry (7)
Moles of Ar- -0.I mol
39.9
1
mol of Ar = 6.022 x 10 atoms
6.022x103
0.1 mol of Ar=
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e
6.022x 10 atoms
0.1
nc
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24. (A)
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22.4 L CH4 is present in 1
mol at S.T.P.
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22.4
11.2 L = 11.2 =0.5 mol
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ee
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25. (B)
Since, 1
mol of an element = 6.022 x 10 atoms
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3.01x 10 atoms - 3.01x10
o4.998 mol =:5 mol
C
C
6.022x10
Mass
No. of moles=
atomic mass
Mass 5x 21.13 = 105.65 g mol
26. (C)
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2H,0t
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2H20)+ O2(g)
2 mol 1 mol 2 mol
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.8 mol 4 mol 8 mol
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Mass of H,O =no. of moles x molar mass

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8x 18 144 g
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27. (A)
I mol of NH; = 22.4 dm* at STP
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dm
x mol of NH= 5.6 dm = 0.25 mol
C
C
22.4
28. (A)
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2. Structure of Atom
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C
C
> Properties of Subatomic Particles
Absolute Relative Symbol Mass/kg | Mass/u Approx.
Name Symbol mass/u
charge/C charge for
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charge
0.00054 0u
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-1.6022x10-1°| 9.10938x10
Electron te 1.6726x10-2 1.00727 lu
+1.6022x10"|
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Proton 1.67493x10-27 1.00867 1u
Neutron
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Number of neutrons (N) = A - Z
mass number, Z= Atomic number
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Where, A =
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protons but different number of
Isotopes are the atoms of an element having the same number of
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neutrons in their nuclei.
e.g.c.c and 'Care isotopes
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C
atomic
Isobars are the atoms of different elements having the same mass number but different
number.
eg.'CandN are isobars.
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Isotones are the atoms of different elements having same umber of neutrons in their nuclei.
nc
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e.g.B and PChaving 6 neutrons each are isotones.
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Frequency ()= Sc
Where,
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V= Frequency of electromagnetic radiation
c Speed of light 3 x 10 ms
=
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A= Wavelength of electromagnetic radiation
C
C
=
Wave number (v)
Energy of quantum of radiation (E)

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= hv= h = hev
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Planck's constant = 6.626 x 1034 Js

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Where, h
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Wave number of series of hydrogen spectrum:

ee
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Cm
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C
Where, wave number

R Rydberg constant= 109677 cm
n = lower energy level
n2 higherenergy level
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Structure of Atom (9)
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C
C
spectrum:
Different series of hydrogen
Series n Reglon
Lyman 2,3,4,... Ultra violet

Visible
Balmer 3,4,5,
4,5,6, Infra-rcd
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Paschen ...
nc
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nc
Infra-red
Brackett4 5, 6, 7,
Pfund 56, 7, 8,... Infra-redj
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Bohr's frequency rule:
E-E
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Wherc, E - Energy of lower energy state
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E Energy of higher energy state
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C
Energy of an electron (E,) in the n" orbit of hydrogen atom:
E -2.18x10-18
Z- Atomic number
e
e
Where,
nc
nc
nc
n
xpm
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Radius of Bohr's orbit (rn) = 52.9
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Broglie equation :A=
de
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p mv= momentum of particle
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Helsenberg's uncertainty principle: Ax Ap,2
C
C
Where, Ax =uncertainty in position.
Ap= uncertainty in momentum
Ax x A(mv.) C p mv)
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Ax Av2 4T
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Atomic Orbitals and Quantum Numbers:

ci
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The four quantum numbers are principal quantum number (n), azimuthal quantum number
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(), magnetic quantum number (m,) and electron spin quantum number (m,).
Number of sub-shells in a main energy level =n
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Number of orbitals in a main energy level =n*

Number of orbitals in a sub-shell = (2/ + 1)
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Number of electrons in each orbital = 2

C
Maximum number of electrons in a main shell = 2n1.

Maximum number of electrons in a subshell = 2(2/ +1)
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(10) MHT-CET Exam Quostions
Table: Orbital distribution In the first four shells
C
Value of
Value oNumber Azimuthnl Symbo Totnl Number Values of
Symbo principal of of orbltals in | the magnetic quantum
Quantum o the subshell number m
of Shell quantum subshells number (e subshel
number (n 2 +1 for theubshell
Is
e
e
K n=l l0 2x0+11| m,0
nc
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nc
-0 28 2 x 0+]- 1 m,0
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2p |2x1+1-3 m,-1
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m,-0
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m,+1
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M n=3 l=0 38 2x0+1-1| m,=0
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3p 2 x1+ I=3 m,-1
C
C
m,0
m,+1
3d
l= 2 2 x2+1=5 m,-2
m-1
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nc
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nc
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m+1
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Sc m,+2
N n=4 4 l=0 4s | 2x0+1=1| m,=0
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l=1 4p 2x1+1=3| m,-1
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m=0
C
C
m+1
l=2 4d 2 x2+1=5 m,-2
m-1
m,=0
e
ce
ce
m+1
nc
en
en
ms m,=+2
ie
ci
ci
l=3 4f 2 x3+] =7| m,-3

Sc
rS
rS
m-2
ee
ee
ee
m,-1
m0
ar
ar
ar
C
m+1
m +2
m,+3
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
Aufbau Principle :
"According to Aufbau principlc "In the ground state of the atoms the orbitals
are filled with
clectrons in order of the increasing energies."
Orbitals are filled in ordcr of increasing value of
(n +£)
rules.
Paull's Excluslon Principle:
e
e
"No two clcctrons in an atom can have the same set of all four quantum
numbers".
nc
nc
nc
Hund's Rule of Maximum Multipllcity
ie
ie
ie
"Pairing of clectrons in the orbitals belonging to the same subshell does not occur
unless each
Sc
Sc
Sc
orbital belonging to that subshell has got one clectron each."
The anomalous clectronle configuration of Chromium and Copper

r
r
24Cr
ee
ee
ee
Expected configuration 1s, 2s,2p,3s,3p,4s, 3d
Observed configuration 1s, 2s,2p,3s, 3p°, 4s', 3d
-
ar
ar
ar
In observed configuration, both 4s and 3d subshells are half-filled which gives extra stability to
Cr atom.
C
C
29Cu- Expectedconfiguration 1s,2s,2p,3s,3p,4s,3d
Obscrved configuration - 1s,2s,2p, 3s,3p', 4s',3a
Inobserved oonfiguration, 3d subshell is completely filled and 4s is half-filled which gives extra
stability to Cu atom.
e
e
Isoclectronle specles are the atoms and ions having the same number of electrons.
nc
nc
nc
c.g. Ar, Ca" and K containing 18 electrons each are isoelectronic species.
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Multiple Choice Questions Sc

This topic has been included in the CET syllabus for the first time for CET 2021. Find sample
r
r
questions below:
ee
ee
ee
1. The clectronic configuration of 29Cu is
ar
ar
ar
(A) [Ar] 3d' 4s2 (B) [Ar] 3d° 4s'
C
C
(C) [Ar] 3d* 45* 4p
rrOrIKr] 3d" 4s
2. Total m, values for n = are
3
(A)3 (B) 6 (C)9 (D) 10
3. For the azimuthal quantum number, =2, the maximum number of clectrons will be
e
ce
ce
(A)4 (B) 10 (C)14 (D)11

nc
en
en
4. If m, =0, electron is present in

ie
(A)s orbital (B)p orbital (C)d orbital D)forbital

ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
h
5. The relation Ax x Ap=represents
4T
(B)Heisenberg's uncertainty principle
ee
ee
ee
(A)de-Broglie equation
(C) Schrodinger's wave equation (D)Pauli's exclusion principle
ar
ar
ar
6. The maximum number of electrons in a subshell is given by expression

C
(A) (B) 2n (C)2 (2/+ 1) D)n-1

of the following represents a correct set of quantum numbers of 4d electron?
7. Which a
(A)4, 3,2, + (B)4,2, 1,0 (C)4,3,-2,+ (D)4,2, 1,-

ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Questions
ar
ar
ar
Exam
(12)MHT-CET azimuthal and magnetic quantum numbers are respectively related to
8. Principal,
C
(B) Size, shapc and orientation
(A)Size, orientation and shape
orientation (D)None of these
(C) Shape, size and
Bohr orbit be ao, then the radius of the third orbit would be
9. If the radius of first
(B)6 x ao (C)9 x ao (D)
(A)3 x ao
10. A set of quantum numbers
which is incorrect is
e
e
-2 (B)n 3l=2 m, -1/2
nc
nc
nc
(A)n l=1 m, -0 m,+1/2 m+2
(C)n = 4 l=4 m, =+3 m,+1/2 (D)n3 l=l m =0 m,-1/2
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
configuration 1s* 2s pp p and not 1s 2s 2p 2p, 2p? which is
11. Nitrogen has the clectronic
r
r
determined by
ee
ee
ee
(A) Pauli cxclusion principle (B) Aufbau principle
(C)Hund's nule (D)Uncertainty principle
ar
ar
ar
C
C
12. The total number of orbitals in a shell with principal quantum number n is
(A) 2n (B) 2n (C)n* (D) n+1
13. An clectron will have the highest cnergy in the set
(A)3,2,1. )4,2,-. )4, 1,0, (D) 5,0, 0,
e
e
nc
nc
nc
14. The electrons identified by (i) n=4, l = 1, (i) n =4, l = 0, (iii) n =3, l=2, (iv) n = 3, l = 1
can
ie
ie
ie
be arranged order of increasing energy as
Sc
Sc
(A) iv) (i) < (i) <() (B) (ii) < (iv) < () < (iii) Sc
(C)) < (iii) < (i) < (iv) (D) (ii) < )<iv)<(1i)
r
r
15. Which of the following triads represents isotones?
ee
ee
ee
(A)FC.C,fc (B) 1 Ar. 2ca, 2sc ()Ar. 8Ca,ise(D)¥N"O.F
ar
ar
ar
SOLUTIONS
C
C
1. (B)
.
2. (C)
When n=3 l = 0, m, = 0
e
ce
ce
l =1, m,= -1, 0,+1

nc
e 2,
en
en
m, = -2,-1, 0, +1, +2
ie
Total m, values are 9.

ci
ci
Sc
3. (B)
rS
rS
l-2 for d-orbital which contains maximum 10 electrons.

ee
ee
ee
4. (A) 5. (B) 6. (C)

ar
ar
ar
7. (D)
C
For 4d electron: n = 4, l=2

m, -2,-1,0, +1, +2, m,=.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
8. (B)
r 9. (C)
Tana
When, n =3® n= 9 xA
e
e
nc
nc
nc
10.((C)
ie
ie
ie
The values of l" range from 0 to (n
Sc
Sc
Sc
- 1).
Whenn= 4, l= 0, 1,2,3
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Option (C) is incorrect set of quantum numbers.
ar
ar
ar
11. (C)
C
C
12. (C)
13.(B) : s
(A)3,2,1,z 3d (B)4,2,-1, 4d
e
e
(C)4,1,0,-4p (D)5,0,0,5s
nc
nc
nc
The energy order is: 3d <4p< Ss <4d
ie
ie
ie
14. (A)
Sc
Sc
Sc
i) n=4,l=1> 4p ii) n=4, l= 0> 4s
9339to
r
r
ii) n = 3, l=2-> 3d iv) n=3, =1>3p
ee
ee
ee
Increasing energy order is: (iv) < (ii)< (ii) < ()
ar
ar
ar
15. (B)
C
C
Isotones having same number of neutrons in their nuclei.
Number of neutrons =A-Z
18 Ar = 40 18 = 22 neutrons
e
ce
ce
Ca= 42-20=22 neutrons

nc
rrit i 70 tradmt
en
en
21 Sc 43 21 =22 neutrons
ie
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
3119 gr
ee
ee
ee
1
ar
ar
ar
C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
3. Chemical Bonding
C
C
Important Formulaeand Shortcut Mothods
Types of Electrons
electrons present in the valence shell.
Valence electrons: Number of
e
e
nc
nc
nc
part in the bond formation.
Bonding electrons: Electrons taking
valence shell not taking part in the bond
Non-bonding clectrons: Electrons present in the
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
formation.
bond formation.
Bond pairs: A pair oftwo electrons involved in the covalent
A pair oftwo clectrons in the valence
shell not involved in the bond formatíon.
r
r
Lone pairs:
ee
ee
ee
of Chemical Bonds:
ar
ar
ar
Types clectropositive and clectronegative atom)
Ionic bond or clectrovalent bond (Bond betwecn
C
C
clectronegativity)
Covalent bond (Bond between two atoms of similar
Octet Rule:
BeF2, AICly
.Incomplete octet molecules: BeCl2, BF3, AIBr3, BCl3,
Expanded octet molecules: PCls, SF6, CIF3, HSO4, IF7
e
e
Total number
Total number of electrons Total number of 1
nc
nc
nc
in the valence shell non bonding of shared
Formal Charge (F.C.)- electrons in lone pairs
L
electrons in bonds
of an atom i.e.
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
atoms in case of Os (ozone)
For Example: Calculation of the formal charge on oxygen
molecule.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Lewis structure of O, (ozone) molecule
/o
ar
ar
ar
:0
Here three atoms of oxygen are numbered as 1,2, 3. 2 3
C
C
The formal charge on the central oxygen atom (marked as
1) =6-2-6)=+1
The formal charge on the atom marked as 2 6-4-(4)=0
e
ce
ce
The formal charge on the atom marked as 3 6-6-

nc
en
en
Hence, we represent O3 along with formal charge as follows,

ie
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Dipole Moment: o
It is defined as the product of the magnitude of the charge and the distance between the centres
ar
ar
ar
positive and negative charges.

C
Qxr
Where, Q is charge and r is the distance.
Dipole moment is usually expressed in Debye units (D).
The conversionfactoris 1 D =3.33564 x 10 Cm
Where, Cis coulomb and m is meter.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Chemical Bonding (15)
C
Types of Overlap of Atomic Orbitals:
S-S Overlap e.g. H2
P-p overlap c.g. F2, Clh

overlap c.g. HF, HCI
e
e
S-p
nc
nc
nc
Hybridisation
ie
ie
ie
Table gives an idea regarding the effect of bonding and loan pairs on geometry and bond angles
Sc
Sc
Sc
of molecules.
Number of Number of Distorted
r
r
orbitals on| Theoretical VSEPR
ee
ee
ee
Example central Bond Lone Bond angle geometry due to
geometry Notation
repulsion
pairs pairs
ar
ar
ar
atom
Linear 2 AX 180° Linear
C
C
BeF2 2
BFs 3 Triangular AX 120° Trigonal Planar
Trigonal Bent
2 AXE 119.3
SO2 3 Planar
CH4 Tetrahedral 4 AX4 109°28' Tetrahedral
e
e
Trigonal
nc
nc
nc
Tetrahedral 3 AX3E
NH 107°18' PyramidalI
ie
ie
ie
Tetrahedral 3 102°35' Pyramidal
NF IAXE|
Sc
Sc
HO Tetrahedral 2 2 AXE2 104 35Sc Bent

F:O Tetrahedral 2 2 AXE 102° Bent
r
r
ee
ee
ee
HS Tetrahedral 2 2 AXE2 90 Bent
Triogonal 120 and Trigonal
ar
ar
ar
5 0 AXs
PCls Pyramidal1 90° bipyramidal
C
C
Iregular
Triogonal tetrahedral
pyramidal
4 AXE
SFA 101°36 (See-saw)
Triogonal
CIF Pyramidal
3
2AXE 87 40'
T-shaped
e
ce
ce
Triogonal
nc
2 AXE 180 Linear

en
en
pyramidal
ie
Octahedral 6 AXs 90 Octahedral

ci
ci
SF6 6
Sc
Square
rS
rS
Octahedral AXgE
BrFs 6 84 30 Pyramidal
ee
ee
ee
XeFa
Octahedral 2 AXE 90 Square planar
ar
ar
ar
Bond Order = NN,

C
Where, N= No. of electrons in bonding molecular orbitals.

N. = No, of electrons in anti-bonding molecular orbitals.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
(16) MHT-CET Exam Quostlons
C
Electronic conliguration of dintomle molecules
Bond Magnetle
Molecule Electronic configuration order nnture
Diamagnetic
H2 (ols)
e
e
(a1s (o*1s) (02s) Diamagnetic
nc
nc
nc
Li:
(o1s (ols) (a2s)(a*2
ie
ie
ie
N: Diamagnetic
(n2p.J'(n2p,)o2p,)
Sc
Sc
Sc
(ols) (o 1s)(o2s)'
r
r
(o2s) (o2p
ee
ee
ee
Paramagnetic
(R2p(n2p,
(72p)' (a*2p,)
ar
ar
ar
C
C
(o1s) (*1s) (o2s)
(o
(H2p
25 (o2p Diamagnctic
Pn2p )a*2p.F(a*2p,|

e
e
nc
nc
nc
MHT-CET 2005
ie
ie
ie
1. How many electron pairs are present in valence shell of oxygen in water molecule?
(A)4
Sc
Sc
B)1 (C)2 Sc (D)3

MHT-CET 2007
r
r
ee
ee
ee
2. Structure of ammonia is
(A)pyTamidal (B) tetrahedral (C) trigonal (D) trigonal pyramidal
ar
ar
ar
MHT-CET 2014
C
C
3. Bond order of which among the following molecules is zero?
(AJF: (B)O (C)Be2 (D)Li2
MHT-CET 2018
4. What is the geometry of water molecule?
(A)distorted tetrahedral
e
ce
ce
(B) distorted octahedral

(C)trigonal planar
nc
(D)square planar
en
en
MHT-CET 2019
ie
ci
ci
5. Whichof following bonds has maximum

Sc
bond length7
rS
rS
(A)C-C (B)C-N (C)C- H (D) C- 0

6. In ozone molecule, the formal charge
ee
ee
ee
on the central oxygen atom is

(A)0 (B)+2 (C)+1 (D)-1
ar
ar
ar
7. Which bond in a molecule

of ethyl magnesium bromide is ionic in nature?
C
(A)C-C bond (B) C-Mg bond" (C) Mg-Br bond (D) C-H bond
8. What is the structure of
PCls?
(A)Pyramidal
(C)Trigonal bipyramidal (B) Square planar
(D)Octahedral
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
Chenbea onding (17)
9The cTEt f piarizdsrs iz 2n ivrác bmd is qren wren
ecin is lrga zrd zim i rnaller in sizz

C)deti d psstve tharye om cetáom is le
ezztve chrge
e
e
(Djeniy d on zniom is lesa
nc
nc
nc
10.hich cf te kollowing mlecailes cntain h electrons in the otemnt artit of central ato?
A) SF B) BeCh (C) CH (D) PCk
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
MHTCET 2129
11.The parzmagpetic bethzvicr of oryyen molecule is explained by
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(A) Valerc tord tteory (B)Moleailar orbital theory
(C) VSEPP heory (D) Electronic theory of valence
ar
ar
ar
12. Ha mokezte is mone stble than Liz molecule, because
C
C
(A)1 H2 mleole Gu maheculas orbitals are shielded by elecrons
B)1a Hrd order is cre
Cia 1áz
lecile Gu tolezulz orbitals ere shiclded by electrons
D)n Li siece, otez Gn moleaular orbitals are shielded by the inner electrons
13. hat is the forrmal herye on bydrogen ssa in water aolecule?
e
e
nc
nc
nc
(D)
(B)- C)1
ie
ie
ie
14.The H-H bond anze in NH, molecule is
Sc
Sc
(A) 10* 22 (B) 107 1 C)101°

Sc
(D)90
15.wWhic type of overlap is involved in formation of O -H bonds in water molecule?
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(Aj-s B)p-p Csp- (D)sp-s
ar
ar
ar
16. h type of tr/pridizztim reults in tetrahedral yeometry?
(B) dap? (C)sp (D)sp
C
C
17, Wáck of the following molecule does not obey octet rule?
(A)SP, (B)Ch (C)NaCi (D)N
'd' atomic orbitals take part in hybridization, then number of hybrid
1%.1f cre '', thtes 'p' and one
tbitsks fonned are
e
ce
ce
(B)2 (C)5 (D)4

(A)3
nc
theory, antibonding molecular of orbítals O2 contain

Awnding rroloaular orbital
en
en
19.
(C) 10 clectrons (D) 4 clectrons
(A)6 eesarms
% cleetrons
ie
E)
ci
ci
in PCly molecule?
Sc
20, Wh type of trtridizztion is preset

(B) »p hybridization
rS
rS
(A)sd rforidivatsnm (D) sp'd hybridization

(C)brfridinain
ee
ee
ee
folkoruúng is true for the compound AB, if it is formed by transfer of an electron

21./tich of he
ron A v #?
ar
ar
ar
(B) AB forms covalent bond

(A) A fnn elecuoalent bond
C
is divalent (D) A is divalent

C)
22. Whast is the tomd order of Ba molecule
(9)3 C) (D)0
(4)2
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
(18) MHT-CET Exam Questions molecule contain 50% p character of hybrid orbital in C
atom?
C
23. Which of the following
(B)Methane (C) Acetylene (D) Ethane
(A) Propene
24. Which of the
following is an ionic compound?
(B) SO (C)ICI (D)KI
(A)CHCh
in N2 molecule?
25. What is the bond order
e
e
(B)2 (C)3 D)zero
(A)1
nc
nc
nc
molecules has a central atom with complete octet?
ie
ie
ie
CA)Sulphur hexafluoride (B) Boron trifluoride
Sc
Sc
Sc
(C)Aluminium chloride D)Methane
is correct decreasing order of the repulsive interaction of clectron pairs
r
r
ee
ee
ee
in a molecule?
(A)bond pair-bond pair = bond pair-lone pair> lone pair-lone pair
ar
ar
ar
(B)lone pair-bond pair> lone pair-lone pair> bond pair-bond pair
C
C
(C)lone pair-lone pair> lone pair-bond pair > bond pair-bond pair
(D)bond pair-bond pair> lone pair-bond pair > lone pair-lone pair
28. Whichof the following molecules has zero dipole moment?
(A)HO B)HS (C)NF D)CO2
29. Identify the molecule with linear geometry?
e
e
nc
nc
nc
(A)BeF2 (B)CH4 (C)SO2 (D) CIF
ie
ie
ie
30. Which of the following molecules contain 25% s-character of carbon atom in hybrid state?
(A)Methane (B) Acetylene D)Benzene
Sc
Sc
(C)Ethylene Sc
31. Why is bond order of Bez molecule zero?
r
r
Nbonding electrons, Na antibonding electrons)
ee
ee
ee
Zero
(A) N,N (B) N, = N. C) D) N, <N,
ar
ar
ar
N
C
C
32. Which of the following molecules has bond order zero?
(A) O2 B) Nea (CH (C) N2
33. What is the value of dipole moment for HC1 molecule?
DD
(A) 3.33 D (B) 1.85 D (C) 1.91 D D) 1.03
34. Which of the following molecules is having non zero dipole moment?
e
ce
ce
(A) CO2 (B) NF3 (C) BF3 (D) CH4: o

nc
en
en
35. Which of the following molecules contain hybrid orbitals with 25% 's' character?
ie
(A) Ethylene B) Acetylene (C) Boron trifluoride (D) Methane

ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
36. What is the bond order of Be2 molecule?

(A) One (B) Two (C) Three D) Zero
ee
ee
ee
37. When an ionic bond is formed, ions of which of the following pair of atoms will contain same
number of electrons in their shells?
ar
ar
ar
(A) K and Cl (B) Na and Br (C)K and Br D) Na and CI

C
38. In an ionic bound formation, electron transfer takes place

(A) between any two non-metal atoms (B) from non-metal atom to a metal atom
(C) between any two metal atoms (D) from metal atom to a non-metal atom
39. Which of the following molecule is having shortest distance between two adjacent
carbon atoms?
(A) Ethane
ce
ce
ce
(B)Propane (C) Ethene (D)Ethyne

en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
Chomlcal Bonding (19)
0 Whied of the foldowing statements is TRUE?
A)Bmd enery is inverely proportional to bond length
B)Bni enengy is diavtly proportional to bond length
CBd energy is imverncly pnoportional to bond angle
e
e
(Dund enengy is imersly proportional to bond polarity
nc
nc
nc
1. CHine titanvide molecule undergoes sp'd hybridization, cxcited state clectronic configumtion
ot chlmne ann ean be wnitten as
ie
ie
ie
(B) Is 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d
Sc
Sc
Sc
(D) ls 2s 2p° 3s' 3p° 3d'
42 How nany lone mir of clootrons are present on ehlorine atom in chloric ncid?
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(B)1 (C) 3 (D) 2
ar
ar
ar
4What is the bond onder ot C; nmolecule?
(A)Ze (B)one (D)two
C
C
(C)three
44 Wbat or ofhybridization results in trigonal(C)dsp
geometry?
Asp )sp Dsp
The overiap of orbials involved in the formation of C-Br bond in vinyl bromide is
Asp-p (B)sp-3p (C)sp4pa (D)sp4pa
e
e
nc
nc
nc
46 Which of the following molecule has zero bond order?
(A)N (B)H (C)He (D)O
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
$7. Sulphur atom in H;SO, is surrounded by Sc

(A)S eloctrons (B)10 clectrons (C)16electrons (D)12 electrons
r
r
4S 1Which of the following molecule does not obey octet rule?
ee
ee
ee
(A)O (B)N (C)H2O (D)AICl
ar
ar
ar
49. Which of the following is bonding molecular orbital?
C
C
(A) 2P (B) o*2P (C) o D) o2P,
50 Which of the following is NOT cormect in hybridisation?

(A)The number of hybrid orbitals formed is ecqual to number of atomic orbitals involved in
hydridization
(B)Orbitals of an atom only undergo hybridization
e
ce
ce
(C) The shape of hybrid orbitals is same as that of atomic orbitals

nc
(D)There should be ve little difference in energy of involving orbitals

en
en
ie
S1. Which of the following is NOT found in hybridization?

ci
ci
Sc
(A)Formation of o bonds (B)Mixing and recasting of atomic orbitals

rS
rS
(C)Excitation of electrons (D)Loss and gain of electron

s2. The electronic confíguration of Be molecule according MOT is
ee
ee
ee
(A)(a 1s) (o* 1s),o 2s,o* 2s (B)( ls) (o* 1s)o 2s, o*2s°
(C)(G 1s) (o* 1s)',o 2s, o* 2s D)(G 1s) (* 1s),o 2s, o* 2s
ar
ar
ar
C
53. Total number of lone pairs of electron on oxygen atoms in carbondioxide are
A)4 (B)1 (C)3 (D)2
54 Which type of overlap is involved in formation of C - H bond in ethene molecule?
(A) sp-s (B) sp-s (C)sp-s (D) sp-pP
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ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
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CO MHT-CET Exam Questions
ar
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C
SOLUTIONS
C
. (A)
H H
e
e
It has 4 electron pairs2 bond pairs of electron and2 lone pairs of clectron.
nc
nc
nc
2. (A)
ie
ie
ie
Structure of ammonia is pyramidal (Distorted from tetralhedral to pyrumidal duc to repulsion
Sc
Sc
Sc
between lone pair and bond pair of clectron).
3. C)
r
r
Electronic configuration of Be atom is 1s* 2s.
ee
ee
ee
In diatomic molecule (Be). the available 8 *2
2
ar
ar
ar
electrons are to be distributed in molecular
orbitals.
C
C
gzs
Be:: (Gls (a*1s (02s)* (o* 29) Is NonBonding 1
Be Be
i.e. KR 2s o*2s Atomic Be
Molecular Atomic
Orbitals Orbitals Orbitals
In Be. the net bond order is zero.
Therefore, Be: is monoatomic in nature. M. O0. diagram for Bez molecule
e
e
woli
nc
nc
nc
4. (A)
In H:0, ygen undengoes sp° hybridization. It should be tetrahedral
ie
ie
ie
but in structure oxygen
atom carries two lone pair which make structure distorted.
Sc
Sc
Sc
lone pair
r
r
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
.
C
C
H 104035' H
5. (C) e 1 Catwollo S70 dord
6. (C)
Formal charge on the central O atom = 6-2-(6)= +1
e
ce
ce
nc
7. (C)
en
en
C2H Mg :0
ie
Br
highly electropositive
ci
highly clectronegative
ci
Sc
MgBr is ionic Bond.

rS
rS
8. (C) 9. (A) 10. (C)

ee
ee
ee
13. (A) 11. (B) 12.(D)

:0
ar
ar
ar
C
H H
F.C. V.E. -N.E, (B.E. /2)
=
-
= 1
-0- (2/2) =0
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Chemical Bonding (21)
C
14. (B)
Aone pair of electron
e
e
H10718
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
Ammonia molecule
15. (C)
Sc
Sc
Sc
In water molecule, central oxygen atom undergoes sp hybridization.
r
r
16. (C)
ee
ee
ee
17.(A)
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SF6- Expanded octet
C
C
18.(C)
The no. of hybrid orbitals formed is equal to the number of orbitals taking part in hybridization.
19.(D)
2
2
e
e
20
o*2S 2e
nc
nc
nc
sett T*2p, =le
ie
ie
ie
t*2P, =1e
Sc
Sc
Sc
(Total = 4 electrons
r
r
2 (
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
1s
D--Noa Bonding* -is
.
C
C
Atomic Molecular Atomic
Drbitals Orbiss Orbitals
M. O. diagram for O, molecule
20. (A) 21. (A)

2
22. (C) Q0.
o@#*OOQ2
e
ce
ce
nc
Bond order
-1
en
en
2
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11
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
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1s
2 Non Bonding
C
B
Atomlc Molecular Atomlc
M.0. Diagram for B; molecule

ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Questlons
(22) MHT-CET Exam
ar
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23. (C)
HC=CH sp-hybridisation of carbon,
C
Acetylene 50%s and 50 %p-character
24. (D)
25. (C)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
2p ZpY
r
r
ee
ee
ee
o 2s
ar
ar
ar
25
C
C
d2s
Z -Non Bonding-- Is
N N2 N
Atomic Molecular Atomic
e
e
M. 0. diagram for N; molecule
nc
nc
nc
3ond order
ie
ie
ie
3
2 2
Sc
Sc
26. (D)
Sc
SFs- Expanded octet of S
r
r
ee
ee
ee
BF, AlClIncomplete octet of B and Al respectively.
CH4-Complete octet of C.
ar
ar
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.
C
C
27. (C)
s 1 b
28.(D)
e
ce
ce
in CO, the C - 0 bond dipoles are equal in magnitude but oriented in opposite directions
nc
en
en
at 180°). Their vector sum is zero, so CO has no net dipole.

ie
29.(A)
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
30. (A)
In methane, C atom is sp- hybridized which contain 25% s-character.
ee
ee
ee
31. (B)
ar
ar
ar
In Bez molecule,
C
N=4 N.4
Bond order= =0
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ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
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Chemlcal Bonding (23)
C
32. (B)
For Ne:Total electrons- 20
In Ne molecule, Na = Ns
Bond order = =0
e
e
33. (D)
nc
nc
nc
34. (B)
ie
ie
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Due to presence of lone pair of clectrons on Nitrogen atom, NP; has non-zeto dipole moment.
Sc
Sc
Sc
r
r
ee
ee
ee
HH
ar
ar
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C
C
0
H=0 H=0 0 0.23 D
35. (D)
Hybridization %s
e
e
33.3 %
nc
nc
nc
Ethylene (C;H4) P
Acetylene (C2H2) Sp 50%
ie
ie
ie
33.3 %
3. | Boron trifuoride (BF) Sp
Sc
Sc
25%
Sc
4. | Methane (CHa)
r
r
36. (D)
ee
ee
ee
For Be2 molecule:
ar
ar
ar
(Atomic number of Be =4)
C
C
Molecular orbital Configuration: o,
Bonding electrons-Antibonding electrons -0
Bond order=.
37.(A)
e
ce
ce
K 19 Cl 17
nc
K' 2,8,8 CI 2,8, 8

en
en
ie
lonic bond formed between K' & CI

ci
ci
K and CI have same number of electrons in their shells.

Sc
rS
rS
38. (D)
place from a valence shell of metal
ee
ee
ee
In an electrovalent or ionic bond, the electron transfer takes

atom to valence shell of non-metal atom.
ar
ar
ar
39. (D)
C
The bond lengths are in the order: s <=<-

Ethyne < Ethene < Propane < Euhane
Shortest bond length - Ethyne as it has triple bond.
ce
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ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
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(24) MHT-CET Exam Questions
C
40. (A) energy and vice versa.
Greater the bond length, lesser is its bond
Bond enerEYBond length
41.(A)
e
e
sp'd hybridization
nc
nc
nc
CIF
Cl=3s 3p
ie
ie
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s 2s 2p 3s* 3p 3d'
Sc
Sc
Sc
Excited State of CI
3d
r
r
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
sp'd hybridisation
C
C
42.(
Chloric acid - HCIO
:0-H
e
e
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
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The no. of lone pairs on central chloride atom in HCIO= 1.
Sc
Sc
Sc
43.(D)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Atomic number of carbon =6
Molecular orbital configuration: o,,o Ta ap
ar
ar
ar
2
C
C
Bonding electrons-Antibonding electrons
Bond Order =
2
44. (B)
e
ce
ce
120
nc
en
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ci
ci
Sc
Trigonal Geometry
rS
rS
When one s and two p orbitals undergo hybridization, it gives sp* -

hybridization with trigonal
geometry.
ee
ee
ee
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45.(
C
H-C=C-Br
vinyl bromide
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ce
en
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ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
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Chomlcal Bonding (25)
C
E.C. of C- 1s 2s 2p, 2P, 2P
Excited statc of C 2 2p, 2p, 2, f

e
e
nc
nc
nc
Hybridised statc of C 2s 2p, 2p, 2p,
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1 hlybridied
Sc
Sc
Sc
sphybrid orbital
r
r
Three
ee
ee
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Outer E. C. of Br : [Ar] 4s 3d 4p 4p 4p
ar
ar
ar
Overlaps with one 'sp
O0-
C
C
hybrid orbital of 'C' atom.
46. (C).
E.C. of He molecule: (ols) (G 1s)
Bond order of Hez molecule= N-N -22-0
e
e
47.(
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
HO-$-OH
Sc
Sc
Sc
Since sulphur has '6' bonds, it has 12 electrons on it.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
48. (D)
AICl is electron deficient because in AICh there are only six electrons present around Al.
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49. (A)
C
C
Antibonding molecular orbitals are always written with asterisk ():
50. (C)
The shape of hybrid orbitals depends upon the type of hybridization.
.(D)
52.(D)
e
ce
ce
=
E.C. of Be atom, aBe 1s 2s
nc
.
en
en
In Bez molecule there are total 8 electrons present, which occupy ls, a"ls, o 2s, o*2s
ie
orbital.
ci
ci
E.C. of Bez molecule =(a 18) (o* 1s), (a (o* 2s

2s,
Sc
rS
rS
53.(A)
ee
ee
ee
Number of lone pairs s4 s

ar
ar
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54. (C)
C
In ethane, each carbon atom is sp hybridized.

Hydrogen has only one clectron in ls orbital. So type
overlapping becomes sps- s for the 'C- H' bond.
of
Ethcne
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ce
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ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
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4. Redox Reaction
C
observations in Redox
reaction:
Key Oxidation Reductlon
e
e
one or more atoms Loss of onc or morc O atoms
O
nc
nc
nc
oxygen Gain of
In terms of Loss of hydrogen Gain of hydrogen
ie
ie
ie
terms ofhydrogen atom Gain of clectropositive atom
In terms of electropositive LoSs of electropositive
Sc
Sc
Sc
In
atom clectroncgative atom Loss of clectronegative atom
In terms of electronegativeGain of
r
r
ee
ee
ee
ato Loss of clectrons by an atom Gain of electrons by an atom
In terms ofelectrons number Increase in oxidation number Decrease in oxidation number of
ar
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In termms of oxidation an atom an atom
of
C
C
Oxidant and Reductant in terms of Electron Transfer
causes oxidation, and itself undergoes reduction is called oxidant or
Oxidant: A substance that
oxidising agent.
Reductant: A substance that causes reduction and itself

undergoes oxidation is called reductant or
e
e
nc
nc
nc
reducing agent.
For example, consider following reaction:

ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Zn+2Haq) ZnCl2(aq) +2) Sc

r
r
0 1 2+
ee
ee
ee
In this reaction Zn atom loses two electrons and gets oxidised to Znwhile H' in HCI gains electron
ar
ar
ar
and gets reduced from+1 to 0.
2H+2eH2g)
C
C
ZngZna+2e (oxidation) (reduction)
In the above reaction Za reduces H' ions to H hence Zn acts as reductant while H oxidises Zn to
Zn hence H acts as oxidant.
Redox reaction: A reaction in which oxidation and reduction reactions occur simultaneously s
e
ce
ce
called redox reaction.

nc
For example: Zn+Cua)Zn4+ Cu(

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en
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Rules to assign oxidation number:

ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
The following are the general rules formulated to assign an oxidation number
to an atom in any
molecule or ion.
ee
ee
ee
Rule-1:The oxidation number of an atom in free uncombined elemental state is zero.

For example, each atom in the elements
ar
ar
ar
such as Ca, H2, Cl2, O3, Ss, P4 and so on has oxidation

number of zero.
C
Rule-2: The oxidation number of an atom in monoatomic

a ion is equal to its charge.
For example, Ba2
CT K Br St
T T
+2 +3 + -1 -2
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ce
en
en
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ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
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Redox Reactlon (27)2
C
Rule-3: The oxidation mumber of H atom is either +1 or -1. When H atom is bonded to
non-metals, its oxidation number is +1. When it is bonded to metals, it will have oxidation number
of-1.
For example, [O-H] H-o- H Li H H Ca- H

e
e
nc
nc
nc
-2 +1 +1-2 +1 +1 -1 +2 -1
ie
ie
ie
Rule-4 The oxidation number of oxygen is usually -2 in all of its compounds except in
Sc
Sc
Sc
peroxides and peroxide ions where it has oxidation number of -1.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
For example, Ca -0 H-0-0-H o-0
ttt
ar
ar
ar
+2-2 +1 -1-1 +1 1 -1
C
C
In OF2, oxidation number of oxygen is +2.
Rule-5: The oxidation number of F is always -I in all of its compounds. The other halogens Ci
Br and I usually have oxidation number of -I in their compounds. The exception is the
e
e
compounds in which these halogens (C, Br and ) are bonded to oxygen. In such compounds
nc
nc
nc
oxidation number of CI, Br or I is +1.
ie
ie
ie
For example, H-F KBr Cl-0-Cl H-O-Ci
Sc
Sc
Sc
+1 -1 +1-1 +1-2 +1 +1-2+1
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Rule-6: The algebraic sum of the oxidation states of all atoms in a neutral molecule is zero,
ar
ar
ar
For example, in CdS, Oxidation number of Cd +oxidation number of S = +2-2 =0
C
C
Rule-7: The algebraic sum of the oxidation numbers of all the atoms in a polyatomic ion is equal
to the net charge of the ion.
For example, in SO ion,
Oxidation state of S+ 4 x oxidation state of oxygen
e
ce
ce
=+6+4x(-2)
nc
6-8
en
en
ie
2
ci
ci
Sc
Rule-8: When two or more atoms of an element are present in molecule or ion, oxidation
rS
rS
number of the atom of that element will be average oxidation number of all the atoms of that
element in that molecule.
ee
ee
ee
Hence, by applying rules (1) to (5), it is possible to deternmine oxidation number(s) of atoms of
various elements in molecules or ions. For doing this, the rules (6), (7) and (8) are useful.
ar
ar
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C
Note: () oxidation numbers may be fractional (b) the metallic elements have only positive
oxidation states in their compounds whereas the non-metallic elements may have either positive
or negative oxidation states. (c) the alkali metals have only +] oxidation state while the oxidation
number of the alkaline earth metals is +2 in their compounds.
ce
ce
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en
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ci
ci
S
rS
rS
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MHT-CET Chemistry_
(28) CET Score Booster:
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Stock notation denoted by Roman numeral in
oxidation number of the metal is
C
Representation in which name was given after the
the chemical symbol is called Stock notation. This
parentheses after
Stock.
German scientist, Alfred Mn(TV)O2
e.g. AuCh>Au([II)Clh, MnO2>
Potentiald:
Redox Reaction and Electrode
which oxidation takes place.
.Electrodes: Anode On
e
e
Cathode On which reduction takes place.
nc
nc
nc
Standard Electrode Potential
part in the electrode reaction is unity and the
ie
ie
ie
When concentration of each species taking
is called standard electrode potential (E).
Sc
Sc
Sc
temperature is 298 K, observed electrode potential
agent. On the
.Large negative value of E means that redox couple is stronger reducing
is stronger oxidizing agent.
r
r
other hand, more positive value of E" means the redox couple
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
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C
C
MHT-CET 2019
1. In the reaction, MnO4(q) + Boa)> MnO,2(5) + BrOs(ag), the correct change in oxidation number
ofthe species involvedis
(A)Mn" to Mn (B)Br to Br (C)Br to Br (D) Mn to Mn*2
2. Oxidation state of nitrogen in nitric oxide is
e
e
(A)-2 (B)+3 (C)+4 (D) +2
nc
nc
nc
3. Identify the compound in which oxygen exists in the oxidized state?
ie
ie
ie
(A)CO (B)O (C)SO2 (D)OF2
Sc
Sc
4. The oxidation number of Tin in Sn(OH)G is

Sc
(A)+3 (B)+1
r
r
(C) +4 (D) +2
ee
ee
ee
MHT-CET 2020
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5. What is the oxidation number of carbon in glucose?
(A)-6 (B)+6 (C)+3
C
C
D)Zero
6. The sum of oxidation number of all atoms in
S,0g° ion is
(A)+7 (B)-2 (C)+5 (D)+2
7. Which among the following pair of elements
show highest oxidation state +7 in their different
compounds?
e
ce
ce
nc
(A)Cr, Mn B) Mn, Cl (C)S, CI (D)V, Mn

en
en
8. What is the oxidation state of As in H3As04?

ie
ci
ci
(A)-1
Sc
(B)+3 (C)-3 (D)+5

rS
rS
9. The sum of oxidation states of all atoms

in Cr,0 ion is
ee
ee
ee
(A)-2 (B)+2 (C)-1 (D)Zero

ar
ar
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10. What is the oxidation number of Cr in

K2Crz0,?
(A)-6 (B)+12
C
C) +2 D)+6
11. What is the oxidation number of As in
H3AsO,?2 t,
(A)-3 (B)+4 (C) +2
D)+3
ce
ce
ce
en
en
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ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
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C
C
Redox Reaction (29)
12. Identify the reducing agent in following reaction
CH+OG) CO) +2H,0
(A) CO20) (B) Og) (C) HO) (D) CH4g)
e
e
13. What is the oxidation number of Mn in Mn0 ion?
nc
nc
nc
(A)+6 (B)-8 (C)-6 (D)+8
ie
ie
ie
14. Carbon is present in highest oxidation number in
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A)CO (B) CaC2 (C) Co (D) CO
r
r
15. What is the oxidation number of Carbon in K2C,04?
ee
ee
ee
(A)-2 B)+3 (C)+4 (D)0
ar
ar
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16. What is the oxidation number of V in V,O; ion?
C
C
(A)+6 (B)+3 (C)+5 (D) +4
17. What is the oxidation state of chlorine atom in chlorous acid?
(A)-1 (B)+2 (C)+3 D)+1
18. The oxidation state of phosphorous in MgaP2O, is
(A)+3
e
e
(B) +2 (C)+5 (D)-3
nc
nc
nc
19. What is the oxidation state of chlorine atom in perchloric acid?
(A)+3
ie
ie
ie
(B)-5 (C)+7 D)+5
Sc
Sc
20. What is the change in oxidation number of Sulphur in following Sc

reaction?
MnO +SO > Mn0+SO
r
r
(A) +4 to +6
ee
ee
ee
(B) +6 to +5 (C) +8 to +6 D) +6 to +8
21. The oxidation number of Cr in Cr(OH); ion is
ar
ar
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(A)-4 (B)-1 (C) +3 D)+4rlaa)
C
C
22. When methane is burnt completely, oxidation state of carbon changes from
(A) +2 to-2 (B)-4 to +4 (C)0 to +4 (D)+4 to 0
23. In which of the following oxides, nitrogen exhibit +4 oxidation state?
(A) NOs (B) N,O4 (C) N,O (D) NOs
e
ce
ce
24. The sum of oxidation number of all atoms in Snog ion is

nc
en
en
(A)-2 B)-1 (C)+2 (D)Zero

ie
ci
ci
25. The oxidation number of 'S' in HSO, ion is

Sc
rS
rS
(A) +1 (B)+6 (C)-1 (D)-6

26. Identify the oxidising agent in following reaction:
ee
ee
ee
CH4+202®1 -CO2+2HOte
ar
ar
ar
(A)O2( (B) CHA (C)CO2) D)HO0

C
27. The oxidation number of phosphorous in Ba(H,PO2)% is

(A)-3 (B) +3 C)+5 D )+1
28. What is the oxidation number of carbon in K;C204?
(A) +5 (B)+6 (C) +4 D) +3
ce
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ce
en
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ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
MHT-CET Chomistry
(30) CET Scoro Boostor:
ar
ar
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SOLUTIONS
C
1. (C)
BrOg
MnO + Br MnO, 4
+
2. (D)
e
e
Nitric oxide » NO
nc
nc
nc
Oxidation state of O =-2
ie
ie
ie
Oxidation state of N= x -2 =0
Sc
Sc
Sc
'X+2
(D) 5. (D) 6. (B)
3. (D)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
7. (B)
= =+7, Cl =+7, S=+6, V = +5.
Highest oxidation state of Cr +6, Mn
ar
ar
ar
C
C
3)+(x)+ [4 x (-2)]= 3 +x - 8
8. (D)
H,AsO,(1 x
= +5
=8-3
. Oxidation state of As in H3AsO4= +5
e
e
9. (A)
nc
nc
nc
10. (D)
ie
ie
ie
KCr:O=(1 x2)+(x* 2) +[(-2) x 7]
Sc
Sc
2+2x-14
Sc
2x
= 12
12
r
r
2x
ee
ee
ee
x +6
ar
ar
ar
Oxidation number of Cr +6
C
C
11. (D)
H3AsO = (1 x 3) + As +[(-2) x 3]
=3+ AS-6 h1 itt 3..c K0 i
As=+3
12. (D)
e
ce
ce
nc
CH+0 CO2+ 2H,0

en
en
ie
+4 -2
+4
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
Oxidation
ee
ee
ee
CH4 is undergoing oxidation. So it is a reducing agent.

ar
ar
ar
13. (A)
C
MnO
Mn +[4 x (-2)]=-2
. Mn = -2+8 +6
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Redox Reaction (31)
C
14. (D)
+2 +3 +4
co, CaC, O, co
Here, highest oxidation number = +4 in COj
e
e
nc
nc
nc
15. (B) 13
ie
ie
ie
KC:0 (1 x 2)+(x x 2) +(-2x 4)
2+2x -8
Sc
Sc
Sc
=
2x-6
+3
r
r
ee
ee
ee
The oxidation number of C = +3
ar
ar
ar
16. (C)
Let the oxidation state of V in V,0
C
C
=x
2x+7(-2)=-4
2x 144
2x= 10
..x=+5
e
e
17.(C)
nc
nc
nc
Chlorous acid > HCI02
+1+x+2(-2) =0
ie
ie
ie
X=+3
Sc
Sc
Sc
18. (C)
Let the oxidation state of P in Mg,P207 =x
r
r
ee
ee
ee
=
2x (+2) +2xx+7x (-2) 0
+4+2x 14 0
ar
ar
ar
2x 10
C
C
.X=+5
fit
19. (C)
:
Perchloric acid> HCIO4
1+x+4(2)= 0
X-7 0
e
ce
ce
X+77
nc
en
en
20.(A)
ie
ci
ci
Sc
MnO +So MnO +So4

rS
rS
state.
Sulphurundergoes oxidation from+4+6
ee
ee
ee
21. (C)
ar
ar
ar
Cr(OH)
Oxidation state of Cr=x
C
x+4(-1) = -1
x-4-1 x= +3
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Chemistry
(32) CET Score Booster: MHT-CET
ar
ar
ar
22. (B)
C
CH(t20() -> CO20G +2H,0%
4+1 +4-2 +l -2
Oxidation state of "C' atom changes from-4 to +4.

e
e
nc
nc
nc
23. (B)
ie
ie
ie
N2O4
2(0. S. of N) +4(0.S. of O) = 0
Sc
Sc
Sc
2(0.S. of N) +4(-2) =0
2(0.S. of N) - 8=0
r
r
ee
ee
ee
O.S. of N = +4
ar
ar
ar
24. (A)
C
C
Total charge on a molecule = sum of oxidation number of all atoms in a molecule.
25. (B)
HSO
.S. of H +0.S. of S+0.S. of 40=-1
1+0.S. of S +4(-2)=-1
e
e
1+0.S. of S -8 -1
nc
nc
nc
.O.S. ofS =-1 +7 +6
ie
ie
ie
26. (A)
Sc
Sc
CH+ 202(g) CO2(p+ 2H,0e

Sc
r
r
ee
ee
ee
4+1 +4-2 +1 -2
Reduction
ar
ar
ar
Since oxygen (0;) is undergoing reduction, it is oxidizing agent.
C
C
27. D)
Ba(HPO2bh
O.S. (Ba) +0.S.(4H) +0.S.(2P) + O.S.(40) = 0
2+4+2P +(-8) = 0
2P-2-0
e
ce
ce
2P +2 P=+1
nc
en
en
Oxidation State of P=+1

ie
28. (D)
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
In, K,C04
2(0.S. of K)+2(0.S. of C)+4(0.S. of 0) =0
ee
ee
ee
2(+1)+2(C) +4(-2) = 0
2+2C 8 = 0
ar
ar
ar
. 2C 6
C
C +3
Oxidation state of C=+3.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
5. Elements of Group 1 and2
Characteristics of Isotopes of Hydrogen:
Name of At. No. At. Mass
e
e
Symbol onAbundance Stability
No. (A)
nc
nc
nc
the isotope (Z) No. (N)
ie
ie
ie
Hydrogen Hor H or H-1 0 99.98% Stable
Sc
Sc
Sc
Deuterium| Dor H or H-2 1
2 0.015% Stable
r
r
H or H-3
ee
ee
ee
Tritium T or 3 2 Trace Radioactive
ar
ar
ar
Dihydrogen Preparation: Chemical Reactions:
C
C
N NaH
Sodium hydride
Laboratory
Zn+HCk
methods
of preparation
O H0n
Cihbor wate
Za+ Na0Ha beatng
e
e
Electrolysisof HX
nc
nc
nc
Pure water H Hydrogen balide
Dihydrogen
Electrolysis of
ie
ie
ie
aq. BalOHh CHAaQueHOn
Sc
Sc
Sc
Cafla2 + nH20 K
Hydrocarbon Stam
r
r
kron
ee
ee
ee
C + H0 N .Pd
Cote Steam Pdfs)+ He
ar
ar
ar
Paladium
on 73K
chroers
C
C
CO+H0 Ytabde oll Saturated fat
Ni, (Vaaspati bee)
on
COAldehyde Alcohol
acis
e
ce
ce
nc
Classification ofs-block elements:

en
en
ie
s-Block Elements
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Group 1 (Alkali metals) Group 2 (Alkaline earth metals)

Elements: Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr Elements: Be, Mg. Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra
ar
ar
ar
General electronicconfiguration :ns'| General electronicconfiguration:ns

C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
(34) MHT-CET Exam Questlons
C
metals
Chemical reactivity of alkali (group )
MO2
O2 Superoxide of alkali metal
(Where M-K, Rb, C») [Sodhum
forms Na:0: i.e., sodium peroxid]
9
e
e
nc
nc
nc
M MH
Alkali Metals H2 Alkali metal hydridcs
ie
ie
ie
(Where M- Li, Na, K, Rb. Cs)
Sc
Sc
Sc
M'X
r
r
ee
ee
ee
X Alkali metal helide (ionic and crystalline)
(Where M= Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and
ar
ar
ar
X F,CI. Br, 1)
C
C
>Chemical reactivity of alkaline earth (group 2) metals:
MO (where, M- Be, Mg, Ca)

AMetal
(from eir) oxide
e
e
MaN (where,M - B¢, Mg)
nc
nc
nc
Na Metal
(from air) nitride
ie
ie
ie
MO (where, M « Bc, Mg or Ca) e one
Sc
Sc
M
,
Meal oxide
Sc
Alkaline
pure MO (wherc, M Ba, Sr or Ka).
il
r
r
carth nota3
ee
ee
ee
oxygen) Metad peroxide
ar
ar
ar
M(OH}»2
Meta
+H»
t
hydrogen (Wherc, M= Mg, Ca, Sr or Ba)
C
C
hydroxide
MH (where, M Mg. Ca, Sror Ba)

Metal
hydride
MX: (iwhere, M Be, Mg. Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra and X F, CI, Br,1)
Metaf
e
ce
ce
halide
nc
Lithium and Beryllium differ from the rest of the elements of the groups 1 and 2, respectively
en
en
because of their extremely small size and comparatively high electronegativity.el

ie
ci
ci
Diagonal
Sc
relationship in group 1 and group 2

rS
rS
Group 1 13
ee
ee
ee
Period 2
Period 3 Li Be> B
Na Mg_ Al
ar
ar
ar
Some important compounds of elements of s-block:

C
Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3.10H2O) - washing soda

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) - caustic soda
Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) - Limestone
Hydrogen peroxide (HO2)
Lithium Aluminium Hydride (LiAIHA) LAH -
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Elements of Group 1 and 2 (35)
C
MHT-CET 2018
e
e
1. Which among the following elements of group-2 exhibits anomalous properties?
nc
nc
nc
(A)Be (B)Mg (C)Ca (D)Ba
ie
ie
ie
MHT-CET 2019
Sc
Sc
Sc
2. During the manufacture of HO when 50% solution of sulphuric acid is electrolyzed, the product
obtained at anode is
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(A)HS208 (B) HSO C)HS,07 (D) Ha
ar
ar
ar
3. The strength of 10 volume solution of hydrogen peroxide is
(B) 30.35 gL (C) 22.4 gL D) 11.2 g/L
C
C
(A) 44.8 g/L
4. Which anmong the following sets of compounds is used as raw material for the preparation of
sodium carbonate by Solvay process?
(A) NaC1, CaCO3, H;S04 (B) NHC, H20, NaCl
C) NaCI, NH3, Ca(OH)2 (D) NaOH, HCI, CO2
e
e
5. Which of following elements does not form amide when reacted with ammonia?
nc
nc
nc
(A)K (B)Li (C)Rb D)Na
ie
ie
ie
6. The diagonal relationship in Be and Al is due to
(B) Similar metallic character
Sc
Sc
(A) Similar ionization enthalpy Sc

(C) Similar electronegativity (D) Similar ionic size and charge/radius ratio
r
r
ee
ee
ee
MHT-CET 2020
Which among the following gas is bubbled through the brine solution during the preparation of
ar
ar
ar
7.
sodium carbonate in Solvay's process?
C
C
(A)NO (B) Na( (C)O20 D) cO2g)
8. Which among the following alkali metal chloride crystallizes in form of hydrate?
(A)NaCl (B)LiCI (C) CsCI (D)KCI
e
ce
ce
9. Which of the following properties of hydrogen is similar to halogen family?

nc
(A)Formation of unipositive ion (B) Electronic configuration

en
en
(D)Electron gain enthalpy

ie
(C)lonisation enthalphy
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
10. Caesium is used in Yi

(A)extraction of boron (B) air conditioning plants
ee
ee
ee
(Cdevising photoelectric cells (D) fast breeder nuclear reactors

ar
ar
ar
dihydrogen at lowest temperature?

11. Which of the following halogens combine with
C
(A)Bromine (B) Chlorine (C)Fluorine D)Iodine
group-2 in periodic table?

12. What is the electronic configuration of third element of
(B) [Ar] 4s* (C)[Ne] 3s (D[Ar] 4s
(A)Ne] 3s
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Quontlons
(36) MHT-CET Exam source of oxygen in submarine in emergcncy breathin.
ar
ar
ar
1s Used ns n
13. Which among the following
C
apparatus?
superoxide (B) potassium superoxide
(A) rubidium (D) lithium monoxide
(C) sodium peroxide
14. The increasing

order of reactivity of nlkaline carth metals with watcr is
Ba (B) Mg< Ca < Sr< Ba
(A) Mg < Sr < Ca<
e
e
(D) Ba < Mg < Ca < Sr
(C) Ba < Sr< Ca < Mg
nc
nc
nc
is NOT present in baking powdcr?
ie
ie
ie
(A) Potassium hydrogen tartrate (3) Starch
Sc
Sc
Sc
(C) Sodiunm carbonate
(D) Sodium hydrogen carbonate
metal clements is uscd as coolant in fast brceder nuclear

r
r
16. Which among the following alkali
ee
ee
ee
reactors?
(A)Sodium (B)Lithium (C) Potassium (D)Cacsium
ar
ar
ar
C
C
17. Calculate the strength of volume solution of hydrogen peroxidc?
10
(A)45.51 gL" (B) 60.71 g L" C) 30.35 gL" (D) 15.175 gL"
18. Which among the following reaction produces lime watcr?

A) CaO+2 NH,CI CaCI, +2 NH, +H,O
e
e
B) CaO+H;0» Ca(OH)
nc
nc
nc
(C) CaO+CO:> CaC0
D) CaO+ Sio; CaSios
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
19. Water gas is a mixture of Sc

(A) CO+H (B) CO+H (C) CO +H +H2O (D) O2+H2
r
r
20. A mixture of starch, sodium hydrogen carbonate and potassium hydrogen tartrate is kiown as
ee
ee
ee
(A) Washing Soda (B) Baking soda (C) Baking Powder (D) Caustic Soda
ar
ar
ar
21. Which of the following compounds is known as slaked lime?
C
C
(A) CaO (B) CaCO (C) CaSO4 D) Ca(OH
22.Which among the following compounds is having antiseptic property?
(A) Hydrogen peroxide (B) Dimetapp
(C) Aspartame (D) Seldane
23. Which anmong the following compounds is used in petroleum refining?
e
ce
ce
(A) Na2COs (C) NaCl

(B) NaHCO tD) NaOH
nc
en
en
ie
24. During production of dihydrogen from water gas, proportion by volume

of water gas to steam is
ci
ci
(A)3:1
Sc
(B)1:2 (C)2:1 (D)1:3

rS
rS
25. The electronic configuration of hydrogen is similar to outer electronic configuration of

(A) inner transition elements (B) alkali metals
ee
ee
ee
(C) transition elements (D) alkaline carth metals

ar
ar
ar
26. Which among the following chlorides of alkali metal is deliquescent?

(A) NaCi
C
(B) CsCI (C) KCI (D) LiCI

27. 1dentify the compound which do NOT act as antacid'?
(A)Magnesium hydroxide (B) Sodium carbonate
(C)Sodium bicarbonate (D)Aluminium hydroxide
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Elements of Group 1 and 2 (37)2
C
28. In Merck's method, H202 is obtained from
(A)BaO2+ H3PO4 (B) BaO2 + HSO4
(C)Ba0;+H20+CO2 (D)NaO2 +H2SO4
29. When slaked lime is passed through excess CO2, it forms
(A)CazHCO; (B) Ca(HcO;) (C) CaClh (D) CaCO
e
e
nc
nc
nc
30. Which of the following is the strongest reducing agent?
(A)Mg (B)Li (C) Na D)Ca
ie
ie
ie
31. Strengthof 20 volume solution of hydrogen peroxide is
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A)6.8 g/L (B) 60.71 g/L (C)6.071 gL (D)68 g/L
ears a diagonal
32. Which among the following elements has highest ionisation enthalpy and
r
r
ee
ee
ee
relationship with aluminium?
(A)Magnesium (B) Lithium C)Calcium (D)Beryllium
ar
ar
ar
33. Which among the following alkali metal chlorides form hydrate?
C
C
(A) NaCl (B) CsCI C) KCI (D) LiCI
34. Valence shell electronic configuration of fourth element of group-2 in periodic table is
(A) 5s* (B)5s (C)4s (D)4s
SOLUTIONS
e
e
1. (A)
nc
nc
nc
Be' (Berylium) being smallest and most electronegative, it exhibits anomalous properties.
ie
ie
ie
2. (A)
s0% solution of sulphuric acid is subjected to an electrolytic oxidation to form peroxydisulphuric
Sc
Sc
Sc
acid at anode.
ElectrolysisHS,O8 + 2e
r
r
2 HSO
ee
ee
ee
3. (B)
ar
ar
ar
2H,O, 2H,0+0,
C
C
10volume means 1 litre gives 10 litre of oxygen
68 g HzO2 = 22.4 litre of O2
10x68
s 10 litre of O2 = 30.35 g/L
22.4
4. (C)
Solvay process used for obtaining sodium carbonate from slaked lime, ammonia and brine.
e
ce
ce
nc
5. (B)
en
en
Lithium combines with ammonia to form lithium imide (Li2NH) while other alkali metals form
ie
amides of formula (MNH2) (where M = Na, K, Rb, Cs)

ci
ci
Sc
6. (D)
rS
rS
Be and Al are present in II and I" period in which they are diagonally adjacent to each other.
As they have similar size as well as charge to radius ratio, they show similar properties.
ee
ee
ee
7. (D)
ar
ar
ar
8. (B)
Lithium is smallest in size among the alkali metals. Hence Li ion can polarize water molecules
C
more easily than other alkali metals. As the size of the ions increases, their polarizing power
decreases. Hence, other alkali metal ions usually form anhydrous salts.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
9. (C) 10. (C) 11. (C)
C
12. (B)
Caz0 [Ar]4s
13. (B)
Potassium superoxide (KO) is used as a source of oxygen in submarines in emergency breathing
apparatus because it has ability to absorb carbon dioxide and give out oxygen at the same time.
e
e
nc
nc
nc
4KO, +2CO, 2K,co, +30,
ie
ie
ie
14. (B)
From top to bottom of the group, size of atoms increases hence the valence electrons goes away
Sc
Sc
Sc
from the nucleus. Therefore, the reactivity of alkaline earth metals increases from top to bottom
of the group.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
15.((C)
Na,CO is present in washing soda.
ar
ar
ar
16.((A)
C
C
Sodium is used as a coolant in fast breeder nuclear reactors, in the liquid form.
17. (C)
2H,0, 2H,0+O
22.4 lit. of O2 is produced from 68 gm of H,O2
e
e
10 litre of O2 at STP is produced from 68x10
=30.35 g/lit.
nc
nc
nc
22.4
18. (B)
ie
ie
ie
Lime water is an aqueous solution of Ca(OH)}2.
Sc
Sc
CaO +H20>Ca(OH2 Sc
19. (A)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Water gas is a mixture of carbon dioxide and
hydrogen.
20. (C)
ar
ar
ar
Baking powder NaHCO3+Starch + Potassium
hydrogen tartrate.
C
C
21. (D)
Slaked lime -
Ca(OH2
22. (A)
Hydrogen peroxide is a mild antiseptic
used on the skin to prevent infection
e
ce
ce
burns. of minor cuts and

nc
23. (D)
en
en
ie
In petroleum refining
industry NaOH solutions are
ci
ci
used to remove H2S and organic sulfur

Sc
compounds from hydrocarbon

streams.
rS
rS
24. (B)
ee
ee
ee
Step 1
C+ H,O0009C
ar
ar
ar
Cbarcoe Super beated

CO+Ha
(Equivolume mixhre)
C
Steam
Step 2
CO+H+H,0 2H, + CO
water gas
The proportion oftotal volume

of water gas to steam is 1:2.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Elements of Group 1 and 2 (39)
C
25. (B)
General electronic configuration of alkali metals ns
Electronic contiguration of iH- 1s
26. (D)
LiCl is deliquescent and crystallizes as a hydrate (LiCI.2H,0). Whereas
other alkali metal
e
e
chlorides do not fomm hydrates.
nc
nc
nc
27. (B)
ie
ie
ie
Sodium carbonate, Na:CO, is washing soda.
Sc
Sc
Sc
28.(
Na-O:+H;:SO Na,So, +H,0,
r
r
ee
ee
ee
29.0
ar
ar
ar
Ca(OH)+ CO CacO, + H,O Ca(HCO,),
C
C
Calcium hydrogen
Carbon ite
30. (B)
Since Li has very low ionization enthalpy, very less energy is required to remove
its outermost
electron. So it undergoes oxidation easily. Therefore, it is good reducing agent.
e
e
31. (B)
nc
nc
nc
20 volume H:O2 solution means 1L of this solution will give 20 L O2 at STP.
2 HO2H0+O(22.4 L at STP)
ie
ie
ie
(68 g)
Sc
Sc
Thus, 22.4LO: at STP is produced by 68 g H;0;.

Sc
=
20LO: produced by = 68x 0 60.71 g H,0,
r
r
22.4
.
ee
ee
ee
Strength of this solution = 60.71 g/L.
ar
ar
ar
32. (D)
= Is2 2s
C
C
Be
Beryllium has stable electronic configuration. To remove an electron from this stable
configuration requires more energy, hence Be has highest ionization enthalpy.
Period Gr. 2 Gr. 13

Be B
e
ce
ce
Mg
nc
en
en
Properties of Be and Al are similar and due to this they bear diagonal relationship.
ie
33.(D)
ci
ci
Sc
LiCl is a deliquescent substance which atracts or absorbs water. It crystallizes as hydrate.

rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
34. (A)
Fourth element of group -2 is Sr (Z 38), 3uSr = 1s* 2s 2p° 3s* 3p° 4s* 3d 4p$ 5s?.
ar
ar
ar
C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
6. States of Matter
TheThe three distinct physical forms of a substance are solid, liquid and gas.
three states of matter changing conditions of temperature and pressure
are interconvertible by
e
e
nc
nc
nc
as shown below,
a(Heat
ie
ie
ie
Solid B(Heat Liquid Gas
(Cool) -a(Cool)
Sc
Sc
Sc
>Types of intermolecular forces:
r
r
ee
ee
ee
) Dipoledipole interaction Gi) Ton-dipole interaction
(ii) Dipole - induced dipole interaction iv)Hydrogen bonding

ar
ar
ar
() London dispersion forces
C
C
Measurable properties of gases
) Mass:
a. The mass (m) of a gas sample is measure of the quantity of matter it contains.
b. It can be measured experimentally.
c. The SIunit of mass is kilogram (kg).
e
e
nc
nc
nc
1
kg 10 g.
d The mass of a gas is related to the number of moles (n) by the expression:
ie
ie
ie
mass in gams m
Sc
Sc
molar mass in grams M

Sc
) Volume:
r
r
ee
ee
ee
a. Volume (V) of a sample of gas is the amount of space it occupies.
b. It is expressed in terms of different units like Litre (L), millilitre (mL), cubic centimetre
ar
ar
ar
(cm), cubic metre (m') or decimetre cube (dm°').
c. The SI unit of volume is cubic metre (m*).
C
C
d. Most commonly used unit to measure the volume of the gas is decimetre cube or litre.
1L= 1000 mL =
1000 cm 1'dm'
1m=10 dm' = 10*
L= 10 cm = 10° mL
ii) Pressure:
e
ce
ce
a. Pressure (P) is defined as force per unit area.

nc
,,
en
en
Pressure Force
ie
Area a
ci
ci
Sc
b. Pressure gas is measured with 'manometer' and atmospheric pressure is measured by

rS
rS
barometer.
C. The SI unit of pressure is pascal (Pa) or Newton per metre square (Nm*).
ee
ee
ee
1 Pa 1Nm=1 kg m s
ar
ar
ar
1 bar1.00x 10 Pa
C
atm 76 cm of Hg=760 mm of Hg = 760 torr (as I torr=1 mm Hg)

1 atm 101.325 kPa = 101325 Pa - 1.01325 x 10 N 1.01325 bar m=
14.5 psi
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Statos of Mattor (41)
C
(iv)Temperature:
a. It the property of an object that determines direction in which encrgy will fioW wnen
1s
that object is in contact with another object.

b. nscientific measurements, temperature (T) is measured cither on the Celsius scale (°C)
or the Kelvin scale (K).
e
e
c. The SI unit of temperature of a gas is Kelvin (K).
nc
nc
nc
d. The Celsius and Kelvin scales are related by the expression:
ie
ie
ie
T(K)= t° C+273.15
Sc
Sc
Sc
(v) Density: Density (d) of a substance is the mass per unit volume.
d
r
r
ee
ee
ee
The SI unit of density is kg m.
ar
ar
ar
In case of gases, relative density is measured with respect to hydrogen gas and is called
C
C
vapour density.
MOlar mass
Vapour density =
2
(vi)Diffusion
a. Diffusion is the process of mixing two or more gases to form a homogeneous mixture.
b. The volume of gas diffused per unit time is the rate of diffusion of that gas.
e
e
a gas diffused
nc
nc
nc
Rate diffusion a gas=Volume of
of of
Time required for diffusion
ie
ie
ie
c. SIunit for rate of diffusion is dm s or em' s
Sc
Sc
Sc
>Gas Laws:
r
r
PPV=P>V2 (at constant T and n)
ee
ee
ee
.Boyle's law
3
ar
ar
ar
(atconstantTand
C
C
constant P and n)
T(at
Charles's law
d^T2 (at constant P and n)
dTi=
e
ce
ce
Volume of a gas at t°C

nc
en
en
,-273.15
ie
ci
ci
2-tat
Sc
Lussac's Law: constant Vand n)

Gay
rS
rS
constant T and P)
Avogadro's law:=2(at
ee
ee
ee
n2
Ideal Gas Equation: PV= nRT

ar
ar
ar
Where, P Pressure of gas, V= Volume of gas,

no, of moles of gas, R=Gas constant,
C
Absolute temperature of gas,
Combined Gas Law: XV..*V2

Ta
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Universal Constant:
C
R = 0.0821 L atm K mol
.R 8.314 JKmof
R 8314x 10' erg K mol
e
e
nc
nc
nc
1.987 cal K mol 2 cal K mol
R =
ie
ie
ie
M
Relationship between density (d) and molar mass (M) : d
oc
Sc
Sc
Sc
M M=AT where, d density of the gas)
r
r
P
ee
ee
ee
P =Pressure of the gas
=Universal gas constant
ar
ar
ar
2
Temperature in Kelvin
C
C
Dalton"'s Iaw of partial pressure:
PreaP+P:+Ps T
***
Where, PT total pressure of the gaseous mixture
P1. P, Ps..=Partial pressures of the individual gases
in the mixture.
e
e
nc
nc
nc
Relationship between partial pressure of a gas and its mole fraction:
PiX1XPtoel
ie
ie
ie
Where,P=partial pressure
Sc
Sc
of gas1, Sc
X1 molefraction of gas I in the gaseous mixture.
PToaltotal pressure of the gaseous mixture.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Pressure of pure and dry gas (PDy ga)
ar
ar
ar
C
C
PDy PToal-Paq
Where, PToel total pressure of the gaseous mixture
Paaqueous tension of water
Compressibility factor
(Z):
e
ce
ce
Z
nc
nRT
en
en
Z
ie
Videel
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
Properties of Liquid State:

Vapour pressure -The most common unit for vapour pressure
ee
ee
ee
Surface tension Surface tension

-
is torr. 1 torr = 1 mm Hg
is measured in SI unit, Nm and is denoted
ar
ar
ar
r (Gamma). by Greek letter

Viscosity- It is expressed in terms
C
of coefficient of viscosity
viscosity coefficient is N s
(n) is measured in poise.
m (newton second per square meter).'n'In (Eta). The SI unit of
CGS system, the unit
1 poise 1g cm's=10 kg ms
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
Blates of Matier (43)
Multiple Cholee Questlons

MHT-CET 2006
1. The C02 gas docs not follo gaseous laws at all ranges prcssure
of and temperature becouse
e
e
(A)it is triatomie gas (3) its intemal encrgy is quite high
nc
nc
nc
(C) there is attraction betwecn its molecules
(D)it solidily at low temperature
ie
ie
ie
MHT-CET 2019
Sc
Sc
Sc
2. A cold drink bottle contains 200 ml liquid in which CO2 is 0.1 molar. Considering CO2 ns an
ideal gas, the volume of the dissolved CO2 at S.T.P. is
r
r
(A)0.448 L
ee
ee
ee
(B) 22.4 L (C)2.24 L (D) 0.224 L
ar
ar
ar
3. What is the density of water vapour at boiling point
of water?
(A)I g cm (B)6x 10g cm cm (D)4 x 10 g cm
C
C
(C)1x 10g
4. The volume of a given mass of a gas at 0°C is 2dm'. What is the
new volume of the gas if the
temperatureis decreased by 10°C?
(A) 1.86 dm (B)1.44 dm (C) 1.93 dm (D)1.79 dm
e
e
5. Which among the following is easily liquefiable gas?
nc
nc
nc
(A) H (B) NH (C) N2 (D) O2
ie
ie
ie
6. Which of the following properties of liquid increases with increase
in temperature?
Sc
Sc
(A) Surface tension (B) Vapour pressure (C) Viscosity

Sc
D) Density
MHT-CET 2020
r
r
ee
ee
ee
7. If the absolute temperature of a gas having volume V cm is doubled and
the pressure is reduced
ar
ar
ar
to half, the final volume will be
(A) 4 V cm* (B) 2V cm (C) 0.25 V cm (D) 0.50 V cm'
C
C
8. According to Andrews isothermals at what temperature the carbon dioxide gas starts to
condense
at 73 atmosphere?
(A)13.1°C (B)21.5°c (C)30.98°C (D)48.1°C
e
ce
ce
9. If two moles of an ideal gas at 546 K occupy a volume of 44.8 L. What is the pressure
of ideal
nc
gas at 546 K? (R=0.0821 L atm mol K)

en
en
ie
(A)20 atm (B)0.2 atm (C)0.5 atm D)2.0 atm

ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
10. A certain sample of gas has a volume of 0.2 L at one atmosphere pressure and 273.15 K. What
is
the volume of gas at 273.15 °C at same pressure?
ee
ee
ee
(A)5.406 LL (B)2.703L (C)0.4 L (D)0.2L

ar
ar
ar
11. If Q' is the magnitude of charge and "r 1s the distance between the centres of positive and
C
byy
negative charges then dipole moment (4) is given
(A)u Qxr (B)u=Q+r C) Q-r (D)=
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
(44)MHT-CET Exam Questions
ar
ar
ar
12. A gas has a volume of 3.4Laz>rC. What is the final temperature if the volume increases to
C
10.2 L at constant pressure?
(A)694 K (B) 394 K (C) 1894 K D)894 K
13. A certain mass of a gas occupies a volume of 2 dm' at STP. At what temperature the volume of
gas becomes double, keeping the pressure constant?
(B)400.15°c
e
e
(A)540.15°C C)546.15°C (D)273.15°C
nc
nc
nc
14. The SI unit of pressure is
ie
ie
ie
(A) kg m s (B) kg m S C)kg m"s (D) kg m's
Sc
Sc
Sc
15. Which among the following gases liquefy easily?
r
r
(A) helium (B) oxygen (C) chlorine D) nitrogen
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
16. According to Andrews isothermals, the minimum temperature at which carbon dioxide gas obeys
Boyles law is
C
C
(A) 48.1°C (B) 35.5°Cc (C) 32.5°CC D) 31.1°C
17.The volume of given mass of a gas at 'x' K is 2 dm'. What is the new volume of gas at constant
pressure, if temperature is increased to 10 x K?
(A) 4 dm (B) 20 dm
e
e
nc
nc
nc
18. What type of inter molecular force is present between
ie
ie
ie
magnesium chloride and water?
(A) lon-dipole interaction (B) Dipole-induced dipole interaction
Sc
Sc
(C) Dipole-dipole interaction (D) Hydrogen bonding

Sc
r
r
19. In which of the following compound intra molecular
ee
ee
ee
hydrogen bonding is present?
(A) water (B) ammonia (C)o-nitrophenol (D)ethanol
ar
ar
ar
C
C
20. If 2 moles of an ideal gas at 546 K has volume
of 44.8 L, then what will be it's pressure?
(R =0.082)
(A)3.129 atm (B) 2.408 atm (C)1.098 atm (D)1.998 atm
21. At what temperature the volume of a gas
becomes absolutely zero?
(A)-273.15°C (B)273.15°C C)273.15K (D)-273.15 K
e
ce
ce
22. What is the unit of viscosity?

nc
A)kg s
en
en
(B)Ns m7 (C)Nm s
ie
(D)kg
ci
ci
23. Volume of a balloon at 25°C and 1 bar pressure

Sc
is 2.27 L. If the pressure of the gas in balloon is

rS
rS
reduced to 0.227 bar, what is the rise in volume a

of gas?
(A)10.227L (B) 7.73 L C)12.27 L
ee
ee
ee
(D)10L
24. Identify the type of intermolecular
force present between
benzene and ammonia.
ar
ar
ar
(A)Hydrogen bonding
(B)Dipole- induced dipole interaction
C
(C)Dipole- dipole interaction D)lon-dipole interaction

25. Which of following has intra molecular
hydrogen bonding?
(A) Hydrofluoric acid
(B) Ammonia
(C) o-Nitrophenol
(D) Ethyl alcohol
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
States of Matter (45)
C
26. 1sochor is the graph plotted between
(A) reciprocal of volume on X ~ axis and pressure on Y - axis at constant temperature.
(B) temperanre on X- axis and pressure on Y - axis at constant volumc.
(C)pressure on X - axis and volume on Y- axis at constant temperature.
(D) temperature on X - axis and volunme on Y - axis at constant pressure.
e
e
nc
nc
nc
27. A gas occupies a volume of 1.8 dm' at 300 K. At which temperature the gas expands to 5.4 dm
at constant pressure?
ie
ie
ie
(A) 367.5 K (B) 1050 K (C) 350 K D)900 K
Sc
Sc
Sc
28. Which among the following gases is difficult to liquify?
r
r
(A) Ammonia (B) Carbon dioxide (C) Oxygen (D) Chlorine
ee
ee
ee
29. A certain mass of a gas occupies a volume of 2.5dm at NTP. Calculate the change in volume of
ar
ar
ar
gas at the same temperanure, if pressure of gas is changed to 1.25 atm.
C
C
(A) 1.5 dm (B) 0.5 dm (C) 4.5 dm (D) 3.0 dmn
30. A gas occupies a volume of 4.2dm° at 101 kPa pressure. What volume will gas occupy if the
pressure is increased to 235 kPa keeping the temperature constant ?
(A) 1.8 dm (B) 0.9 dm (C) 3.6 dm D) 2.1 dm
e
e
31. Which among the following gases is easily liquefied?
nc
nc
nc
(A) Oxygen B) Ammonia (C) Hydrogen D) Helium
ie
ie
ie
32. What will be the minimum pressure required to compress 500 dm' of air at 1 bar to 200 dm' at
Sc
Sc
30 °C?
Sc
(A)1 bar B)2.5 bar C)3 bar (D)2 bar
r
r
ee
ee
ee
33. If same amount of each of following four gases expand from volume Vi to V2, maximum work
done is observed in expansion of
ar
ar
ar
(A)O; (B)N2 (C) SO2 (D)CO2
C
C
34. Which of the following gases is difficult to liquefy ?
(A) O2 (B) SO (C) Clh (D) NH3
35. 400 cm of oxygen at 27°C were cooled to -3° C without change in pressure. What is the
contraction in volume of oxygen gas?
e
ce
ce
(A) 44.4 cm (B) 30 cmn° (C) 360 cm D) 40 cm

nc
en
en
pressure. What will be the final

mL of a gas at 26.85°C is cooled to 6.85°C at constant
ie
36.If 300
ci
ci
volume of gas?
Sc
(B) 210 mL C)140 mL (D)280 mL

rS
rS
(A)238 mlL
37. 10 g of gas at one atomospheric pressure is cooled from
273.15°C to 0°C keeping the volume
ee
ee
ee
constant. What is the final pressure?

(C)atm )
ar
ar
ar
(A) 273 atm (B) 2 atm 273

C
mm of Hg is decreased to 200 cm' at constant

38. The volume of 400 cm° chlorine gas at 400
temperature. What is the new pressure of gas?
(B) 200 mm of Hg
(A) 1600 mm of Hg
(D)600 mm of Hg
(C) 800 mm of Hg
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
x 10° Nm. The balloon rises to a
C
39. A balloon contains 2.27 L air and has a pressure of 1.013
pressure of air in balloon?
certain height and expands to volume of 4540 mL. What is the final
(A)2.026 x 10 Nm (B)5.065 x 10° Nm
(C)4.540 x 10° Nmz (D)5.065 x 10 Nm
at constant pressure becomes twice it's
40. At what temperature the volume of a given mass of a gas
e
e
volume at 0°C?
nc
nc
nc
(A) 546.3 K (B)-273.15 K (C)373.15K (D) 200 K
ie
ie
ie
41. Intra molecular hydrogen bond is formed in
(C) water (D) salicylaldehyde
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A)ammonia (B) ethanol
42. At what new pressure 100 mL of gas at pressure of 720 mm will occupy volume of 84 mL
r
r
keeping temperature constant?
ee
ee
ee
(A)816.60 mm (B) 712.14 mm (C) 857.14 mm D)604.82 mm
ar
ar
ar
C
C
SOLUTIONS
1. (C)
CO2 is a real gas which does not follow gas laws because there is some
attraction between
gaseous molecules.
e
e
2. (A)
nc
nc
nc
1000 ml = 0.1 M
ml 20OX0.1
=
ie
ie
ie
200 1000
= 0.02 mole
Sc
Sc
Sc
. 0.02 mole
As I mole »22.4 L volume
0.448 L
r
r
ee
ee
ee
3. (B)
PV nRT
ar
ar
ar
RTT
PV
C
C
M
At standard conditions
Ix18
0.0821x373 d
d-0.5877 g/L»6x 10 g/cm
e
ce
ce
4. (C)
nc
en
en
ie
T
ci
ci
Sc
V12 dm T1=0°C=273 K
rS
rS
V =? T2 263 K
ee
ee
ee
V2 263 1.9267 dm
273 = 1.93 dm
ar
ar
ar
5. (B) 6. (B)
C
7. (A)
Since,
E- T
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
PV 0.5 PV
T 2T
PV2T
V2 =4 V cm
T0.5P
e
e
8. (C)
nc
nc
nc
For CO2, critical pressure (Pc)= 73 atm
critical temperature (Tc) = 30.98 °C.
ie
ie
ie
9. (D)
Sc
Sc
Sc
n=2 mol, T= 546 K, V =44.8 L, R =0.0821 L atm mol' K-', P=?
According to ideal gas equation,
r
r
ee
ee
ee
PV nRT
nRT 2x0.0821x540
ar
ar
ar
P = 2.0 atm
44.8
C
C
10. (C)
Vi - 0.2 L .Ti=237.15K
V= T2- 273.15+273.15 = 546.30 K
According to Charle's law,
e
e
(at constant P and n)
nc
nc
nc
T
= 0.2x546.30
V2= *T2 0=0.4L
ie
ie
ie
273.15
Sc
Sc
Sc
11. (A)
r
r
Dipole moment (4) is the product of the magnitude of the charge (Q) and the distance between
ee
ee
ee
the centres of positive and negative charge ().
ar
ar
ar
Qxr
C
C
12. (D)
Vi= 3.4 L, Ti- 25°C 25+273 298 K
V2= 10.2 L, T2=?
According to Charle's Law,
(at constant P and n)
.
e
ce
ce
nc
- 10.2 Lx298 K
en
en
Ta *1 T2 894 K
ie
V 3.4L
ci
ci
Sc
13. (D)
rS
rS
Vi = 2 dm, Ti =273.15 K
ee
ee
ee
V2 =4 dm, T2 = ?
ar
ar
ar
According to Charle's law,

C
T
**Z73.15 546.3 K
T2= 2
=
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Now, Tk = 1° C+273.15
C
Tk-273.155
C= 546.3 273.15 = 273.15° C
°C=
14. (C)
1 Pa 1
Nm=1 kg m s
e
e
15. (C) are chlorine, CO; ctc.
Permanent gases such as
pressure method
nc
nc
nc
using the
Gases that are liquefied liqueficd easily by the processes of
compressing, cooling or
H2. O2, N2 and real gases cannot be
ie
ie
ie
applying pressure.
Sc
Sc
Sc
16. (A)
r
r
17.(B)
ee
ee
ee
According to Charle's Law
ar
ar
ar
10x
C
C
2x10X = 20
V2 dm
18.(A)
19.(C)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
Intramolecular
Sc
Sc
hydrogen bonding Sc
.
r
r
0- nitrophenol
ee
ee
ee
20. (D)
V=44.8 L,
ar
ar
ar
n 2 moles, T=546 K,
R= 0.082, P =?
C
C
According to ideal gas equation,
DRT
PV = nRT P= V
P =. 2x0.082x540 = 1.998 atm
44.8
e
ce
ce
nc
21.(A) 22. (B)

en
en
23.(B)
ie
ci
ci
Sc
P=1 bar, V 2.27 L

rS
rS
P2 0.227 bar, V=?

ee
ee
ee
According to Boyle's Law, PV1=PaV2

ar
ar
ar
V =10L
C
0.227
. The rise in volume of gas = 10-2.27 7.73 L
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
24. (B)
25. (C)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
Intramolecular
oH hydrogen bonding
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
o nitrophenol
All others HF, NH3, CaH,OH show inter molecular H bonding.
r
r
-
ee
ee
ee
26. (B)
Isochor is the graph plotted between temperature (T) on x axis and pressure (P) on Y axis
ar
ar
ar
-
keeping volume constant.

C
C
27. (D)
Initial volume Vi = 1.8 dm, Ti =300K
Final volume V2= 5.4 dm', T2=?
ocT
1.8300
e
e
nc
nc
nc
300x5.4 = 900
T K
ie
ie
ie
1.8
Sc
Sc
28. (C)
Sc
Generally, gases can be liquefied when its temperature is below critical temperature (T) by
r
r
cooling or applying pressure.
ee
ee
ee
Gases with higher critical temperatures like Clh, NH3, CO2, SO2 etc. can be liquefied easily by
applying suitable pressure.
ar
ar
ar
Gases like H2, N, Oa have low To, so it cannot be liquefied easily by pressure and cooling.
C
C
29. (B)
At STP
P=1 atm, P2=1.25 atm
VI=2.5 dm', V2=
PV = P2V2
e
ce
ce
1x 2.5 1.25x V2
nc
en
en
dm?
V 2
ie
1.25
ci
ci
Change in Volume (AV) Vi-Vi= 2-2.5-0.5dm =decrease in volume

Sc
=
rS
rS
30.(A)
ee
ee
ee
P (T-constant)
ar
ar
ar
C
101kPa
235 kPa
V
4.2 dm
v 101x 42 = 1.8 dm?

235
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
31.(B)
its temperature is below the critical temperature
by
cooling.
A gas can be liquefied when can liqucficd by
temperatures, like Cla, NHj be
compressing it. Gases which have high critical
applying a suitable pressure alone.
32. (B)
e
e
According to Boyle's Law
nc
nc
nc
PV =
=
P2V2
P2 x 200
1x500
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
P 2.5 bar
200
33. (B)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Gas Critical Pressure Critical Volume 933t
ar
ar
ar
Pbar V/dm mol
50.4 0.0744
C
C
N 33.9 0.0900
SO2 78.83 0.122
CO2 73.9 0.0956
e
e
nc
nc
nc
The gas having low critical pressure expands more. Therefore, N2 gas will expand more, giving
more change in volume, so maximum work is done in expansion of N2.
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
34. (A)
Sc
Since critical pressure P) of oxygen is very high. Therefore, oxygen is difficult to liquefy.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
35.(
Vi =400 cm', Ti=27°C=27+273 300 K,
ar
ar
ar
V?, T2=-3°C=-3 +273 270 K.
C
C
400
300 270
V.400x270 360 cm
e
ce
ce
C.
nc
300
en
en
36. (D)
ie
Vi-300 mL, T =26.85°C=26.85 +273.15 =300 K,

ci
ci
Sc
V2?,T2=6.85°C= 6.58 +273.15 = 280 K

rS
rS
According to Charle's Law

cT
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
3001
C
300K 280K
V. =300
mLx 280K
300K
280 mL
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
37.(C)
According to Gay Lussac's law, at constant V and n n r
1
e
e
nc
nc
nc
546.30k 273.15
273.15 atm
ie
ie
ie
P2
546.30 2
Sc
Sc
Sc
38. (C)
According to Boyle's Law,
r
r
PVi=P2V2
ee
ee
ee
400x 400 P2
200
P2= 800 mm of Hg
ar
ar
ar
C
C
39. (B)
According to Boyle's law
PV1= V2
1.013x 10° x 2.27 = P2 x 4.54
1.013x10 x 2.27 - 7
Pa =
4.54
5.065 x 10* N m
e
e
40. (A)
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
X
273.15 T
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Xx T2=2x x 273.15
ar
ar
ar
T2 546.50X = 546.30 K
C
C
41. (D)
Intramolecular hydrogen bonding

e
ce
ce
nc
St
en
en
ie
42. (C)
ci
ci
-
Sc
According to Boyle's law, PV1 =P2V2

rS
rS
120x100 857.14 mmn

Pa
ee
ee
ee
V 84
ar
ar
ar
C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
7. Adsorption and Colloids
C
Adsorption: accumulation of higher concentration of one substance on the surface of
The phenomenon of surfac
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another than in the bulk. e.g. adsorption of H2 gas on Ni. The substance adsorbed on the
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an adsorbate or adsorbed phase. A substance which adsorbs another
of another substance is called
is called an adsorbent. Adsorption is an exothermic process.
substance (adsorbate) on its surface
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is called heat of adsorption.
The heat evolved per nmole of adsorbate
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Types of Adsorption:
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.Physical adsorption (Physisorption or van der Waal's adsorption)
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in solution by charcoal.
e.g. adsorption of various gases on charcoal, adsorption of acetic acid
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Chemical adsorption (Chemisoption)
cg. adsorption of CO on hungsten, Oxygen on Ag, Au and Pt, H2 on Ni etc.
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>Factors Affecting Adsorption of Gases on Solids
Nature of adsorbate (Gas)
Nature of adsorbent
Surface areca of adsorbent
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Temperature of surface
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Pressure of the gas
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Adsorption Isothe
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The isothermal variation of extent of adsorption with pressure is

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kpla log mlog klog
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or P
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where x mass of gas adsorbed by the mass m of adsorbent at the pressure P. k and n are
constant for a given pair of adsorbent and adsorbate.
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Catalysis:
Homogeneous Catalysis (reactant and catalyst are in the same phase)
Heterogeneous Catalysis (reactant and catalyst are in different phase)
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Colloids:
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Colloidal sol consists of a disperse phase dispersed in a dispersion medium.

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Classification of Colloids based on interaction or affinity of phases:

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i Lyophilic colloids
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ii. Lyophobic colloids.

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Classification of Colloids based on molecular size:

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i. Multimolecular colloids are the systems in which the disperse

phase particles (colloidal
ee
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particles) are aggregates of many atoms or molecules.

Forexample: Gold sol, Ag sol, sulphur sol.
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1 Macromolecular colloids are the systems in which the colloidal or disperse phase particles
are not aggregate of molecules but are single molecules
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of colloidal size.
For example: Aqueous solutions of proteins or polyvinyl alcohol,
rubber solutions, etc.
ii. Associated colloids or micelles are the substances which
behave as normal electrolytes a
low concentration and associated in higher concentration
forming a colloidal solution.
For example : Soaps and detergents.
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Adsorption and Colloids (53)
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Preparation of Colloids:
a. By chemical methods
b. Electrical disintegration by Bredig's Arc method
c. Peptization
Purification of Colloidal Solution by Dialysis

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Properties of Colloidal dispersions:
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i. Optical Property Tyndall effect : Scattering of light by colloidal particles
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ii. Colour depends on the wavelength of light scattered
-
by dispersed particles.
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ii. Kinetic PropertyBrownian movement: The random motion of the colloidal particles
iv. Electrophoresis: The movement of the colloidal particles under the influence of an
electric field
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ee
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v. Coagulation : Coagulation is
defined as the precipitation of colloids by removal of the
charge associated with the colloidal particles.
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.Schulze-Hardy rules: The precipitating or flocculating power of ions
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In the coagulation of negative sol : Na' < Mg*" <A"
In the coagulation of positive sol: CI< so? < Po
Emulsions
A colloidal solution in which the disperse phase and the dispersion medium both are liquids is
called an emulsion.
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Emulsion of oil in water: Dispersed phase is oil and dispersion medium is water e.g. milk
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Emulsion ofwater in oil : Disperse phase is water and dispersion medium is oil.
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e.g. cod liver oil.
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MHT-CET 2019
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1. For theconversion of oxygen to ozone in the atmosphere, nitric oxide in gaseous phase acts as
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(A) enzyme catalyst (B) inhibitor
(D) heterogeneous catalyst
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C
(C) homogeneous catalyst
2. In the reaction, H,Oza9) H,O +02g), iodide ionactsas

(A)heterogenous catalyst (B) acid catalyst
C)homogenous catalyst (D) enzyme catalyst.
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3. The precipitation power of an electrolyte increases with

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(A) rise in temeperature (B) atomic radii

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(P) charge of an ion

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(C) ionic radii

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4. The ion which has the highest precipitation power is

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C)Na* (D)AI*
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(A)Mg" (B)K*
5. A colloid of solid in solid is known as
ee
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(A) Solid sol (B) Aerosol (C) Solid foam (D) Sol
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6. Which is correct for a colloidal dispersion?

of following
(A)Colloidal particles in it possess different charges.
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(B) Particles are larger than 10 cm.

(C)It is heterogeneous. to separate.
D)Dispersion medium and dispersed phase are difficult
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MHT-CET Chomistry
(54) CET Score Booster:
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MHT-CET 2020
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precipitating power?
the followving ionic species has highest
7. Which of (D) SO
(A)A1 (B)Cu2 (C)Na
is representcd as
Freundlich's equation for adsorption of gas on solid
8.
(D)kP
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(B)=kPn (C)kp
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(A)=kP
m
X
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9. Electrophoresis is used
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particles
(A)to determine charge on colloidal
(B) for stability of colloids
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dispersions
(C)to count number of particles in colloidal
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(D)to detemine size of colloidal particles
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10. Which of the following can form colloidal sol with water?
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(A)Common salt (B)Ammonium sulphate
(C)Glucose (D)Starch
sol1?
11. Which of the following is an example of hydrophobic
(A)Cellulose acetate in acetone (B) Starch in water
(D)Rubber in benzene
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(C)Metal sulphide
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12. Tyndall effect is observed due to
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(A) neutralization of charge on colloidal particles
(B)precipitation of colloidal particles
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(C)scattering of light by colloidal particles

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(D)zig-zag motion of colloidal particles
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13. Which among the following ionic species has least precipitating power?
(A) AL3 B) SO (C)Mg2
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D) CI
14. Which of the following is multimolecular colloid?
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(A)Aqueous polyvinyl alcohol
(B)Aqueous solution of protein
(C)Solution of rnubber in organic solvent
(D)Silver sol
15. Identify the enzyme 'X in the following reaction.
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H,Oag) H,O+50,(e)
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(A)Catalase
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(B) ferroxidase (C) amylase (D) carbonic anhydrase

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16. Which of the following is an emulsion?

(A)Butter (B) Jellies (C)Mist (D)Milk
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17. Which of the following compounds is formed when tungsten

adsorbs oxygen gas?
(A)Tungsten trioxide
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(B) Tungsten tetraoxide

(C)Tungsten oxide (D)Tungsten dioxide
C
18. In which of the following sols there is low affinity

between dispersed phase and dispersian
medium?
(A) Rubber in benzene (B) Cellulose acetate in acetone
(C) Starch in water (D) Metal sulphide sols
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Adsorption and Collolds (55)
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19. Tyndall effect is useful
(A) for coagulation of colloids
(B) for stability of colloids
(C) to determine charge on colloidal particles
(D) to count number of particles in colloidal dispersions
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20. Which of the following processes does not lead to coagulation?
(A) Electrophoresis (B) Addition of water to gold sol
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(C) Heating of an egg in boiling water (D) Addition of an electrolyte to sol
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21. The capacity of an ion to coagulate a colloidal solution depends on
(A) it's shape D) it's sizeo st:
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(B) it's atomic mass(C) it's valency
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22. Smoke is an example of
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(A) Solid sol (B) Emulsion (C) Foam (D)Aerosol
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23. In Freundlich's adsorption isotherm, when log| misplotted against log P, slope of the graph is
(A)k C)n (D)

24. The movement of colloidal particles towards respective electrode under electric field is called
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(A)Brownian movement (B) Electrophoresis
(C) Electroosmosis (D)Tyndall effect
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25. Which of the following is an example of physisorption? rlg.5 2leuhinig 1.19
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(A) Adsorption of oxygen gas on platinum.

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(B) Adsorption of hydrogen gas on nickel catalyst.
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1
(C) Adsorption of carbon monoxide on tungsten.
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(D) Adsorption of acetic acid in solution on activated characoal. rT
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26. Pumice stone is an example of
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ioi(A) Solid sol (B) Emulsion (C)Aerosol (D)Solid foam
27. In colloidal dispersion of starch maximum possible size of starch particle is
(A)I nm (B) greater than 10° nm
(C)10 nm D)0.1 nm
28. Which of the following is NOT macromolecular collo1d? itt2
.
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(A) Solution of rubber in organic solvent (B) Silver sol

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D)Aqueous solution of protein

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(C)Polyvinyl chloride
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29. Which of the following compounds forms a colloidal solution when dissolved in water?
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(A)Starch (B)Glucose (C)Common salt D)Ammonium chloride

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30. When trace quantity of NaCl is dissolved in large excess of water, what will be the probable
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particle size in a solution?

(A) 10 cm (B) 10 cm (C) 10 cmn (D) 10 cm
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SOLUTIONS
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1. (C)
NO2+Sunlight - NO +O
(8)
() ()
But, O +O2 O3
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(8) (8)
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(56) CET Scoro Booster : MHT-CET Chemistry
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oxide. Single oxygen unit readily combine wit
Sunlight split Nitrogen dioxide into the nitric
C
ozone reacts with Ntric oxide again to give O2 and
oxygen to form ozone molecule. But
are in same phase. Thus it is called a
Thus in above reaction all reactant and product
Homogeneous catalyst.
2. (C)
-H,O+0,
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H,O,
(
2
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(24)
homogenous catalyst.
When reactant and catalyst are in the same phase is called as
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3. (D)
ion.
Rate of precipitation of an electrolyte increasces with charge of an
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4. (D) 5. (A) 6. (C)
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7. (A)
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Highest valency = Highest precipitating power.
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C
8. (A) 9. (A) 10. (D) 11. (C) 12. (C)
13. (D)
Lower the valency of the flocculating ion added, lower is its power to cause precipitation.
14.(D) 15. (A) 16. (D) 17.(A)
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18.(D)
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Metal sulphide sols are lyophobic colloids.
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19. (D)
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Tyndall effect is the effect of light scattering in colloidal dispersion but not by true solution.
It is useful to count no. of particles in colloidal dispersions.
r
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ee
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20.(B)
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Electrophoresis, heating of egg in boiling water and addition of an electrolyte to sol leads to
coagulation.
C
C
01eTmteio i
21. (C)
The capacity of an ion to coagulate a colloidal solution depends primarily on the valency (sign of
charge). Oppositely charged ion with maximum charge will coagulate the solution very easily.
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22. (D)
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Smoke is an example of aerosol where solid is dispersed in air.

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23. (D)
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Frendlich's adsorption isotherm,

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=kplh
ee
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log=log k+ log P
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m
C
log log P +log k

m
Compare with y = mx +c
Slope m=
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ee
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C
C
Adsorptlon and Colloids (57)
24. (B)
The movement of colloidal particles towards respective clectrode under electric field is called
electrophoresis.
25. (D)
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In physisorption there is no formation of chemical bond between adsorbate and the adsorbent.
26.(A)
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27.(C)
Size of colloidal particles range in between 1 nm - 1000 nm.
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Therefore, maximum size of colloidal particle is 1000 nm (10° nm).
28. (B)
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Silver sol is multimolecular colloid.
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29.(A)
Starch forms colloidal solution when dissolved in water.
30. (C)
Since NaCl forms homogenous solution (true solution) when it is dissolved in water, particle size
is less than I nm.
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. 10 cm = 0.1 nm
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r
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ee
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C
C
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nc
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C
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8. Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry
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Important Formulao and Shortcut Mothods
Represcntntlon of Organle molecules ,
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Representatlon of organle
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moleewles (2- D)
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Dash formula Condenaed formula Dond lIne or zlg-7hg formula
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Cl-CH CH
r
ClHCilCH
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Hepresentation of orgunle
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C
molecules (JD)
Wedge formula Ficher projectllon Nowman projeetlon SAwhorse

cOOl (Crosa) Formule or andiron or
Formuln pernpectlve
COOL formnls
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CIl
HH
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Sc www.w... mms
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Classifcation of Organic Compounds based on carbon skeleton:
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Organic Compounds
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C
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Aliphatic or Acyclic Compounds Cyclic or Closed chain compounds
Straight chain Branched chain

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Homocyclic
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Heterocyclic
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Alicyclic Aromatic
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Hcterocyclic Heterocyclic
aromatic Non-aromatic
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Benzenoid aromatic Non-benzenoid aromatic

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Basic Princlples of Organic Chemistry (59)
functional groups in Organic Chemistry:
C
Basic
Sr. Name of the family/ Structure of the Example
No. functional group functionnl group_
Halide -X CHBr (mcthyl bromide)
2. Cyanide (or Nitrile) -CN CHCN (nethylcyanide)
(or acctonitrile)
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3. 1socyanide -N"=CO CH,NC (methyl isocyanide)
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CHNO
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4. Nitro conpound/group Nitromethane
-N-0
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Alcohol -
OH CH,OH (methyl alcohol)
Phenol
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Ar-OH CcHOH (Phenol)
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Primary amine -NH2 CH3NH2 (methyl amine)
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S. Secondary amine NH- CHy-NH-CH3
(Dimethyl amine)
C
C
9. Tertiary amine N a (CH3) N
Trimethyl amine
CH-0-CH3
10. Ether -c-0-c Dimethyl ether
-C-H CHCHO
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11. Aldehyde Acetaldehyde
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CH-CO-CH3
12
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Ketone Acetone
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-C-OH CH-COOH
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13. Carboxylic acid Acetic acid
0
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ee
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-C-O- CH-CO0C,Hsnis2"q
14. Ester Ethyl acetate
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-C- NH2 CH-CONH2
C
C
15. Amide E Fi0718U0 Acelamide
O
-C-NH= CH3 CO-NH-CH
16. Secondary amide N-methyl acetamide
CH3 CON(CH3)2
N,N-dimethyl acetamide
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17. Tertiary amide

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-C-0-C- CH-CO-0-CO-CH12
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18. Acid anhydride Acetic anhydride

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CH-COC
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C-CI
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19. Acyl chloride Acetyl chloride
CgH,SO,H
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Benzene sulphonic acidiqasis

20. Sulphonic acid --0-H
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CH CH2
C
21. Alkene Ethylene
22. -CC CH CH
Alkyne AcetylenC
No functional group CH-CH3

23. Alkane Ethane
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(60) MHT-CET Exam Quostlons
is used in choosing the principal functional groups f
C
The following priority order
the base name in IUPAC nomenclature.
- COOH>- SOsH>-COOR>- COCI> -CONH> - CN>
- CHO>
>C=0>-OH>NH>=C>-C=C-
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Isomerism:
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Jeomerism
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CTwo or more compounds with same molecnlar formula)|
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Struural nomertm Stereolsomerlem
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(Two or more compounds with CTwo or more compounds with same
ee
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same molecular formulh but stnuctuml formula but different
different struchural formula) spatial armngement of groups)
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C
C
Geometrieal komerlsm Optical leomeríem
Chain omerlsm Postlon isomerism Functional group Metamerksm | Tautomerlsm

(different carbon (disferent positions of lsomerism (Unequal (rapidly
skeletons) the same fimctionsl (Functional groups distribution of intercomverting
group on the same are different) carbon atoms structural
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skcleton) on cither side of Isomers)
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functlonal group)
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Types of cleavage of covalent bond:
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Type |Homolytic cleavage Heterolytic cleavage
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| Representation A v, a + B ABo
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B
A
Frec rmdicas Cation Anion
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Comparison offree radical, carbocation
C
C
and carbanion:
Characteristic | Free radical Carbocation Carbanion_

Nature Neutral species Carbon atom with | Carbon atom with negative
having unpaired positive charge
electron chargei.e.,c
i.e, c
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Stability
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| 3°>2°>1°> 3° 2°>1°> Methyl carbanion>

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order Methyl free radical Methyl 1>2°>3°

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carbocation
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Types ofreagents :
Nucleophiles
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Nucleophiles are Lewis bases

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e.g. NHs, H20, Carbanion, R - NH2, R -QH,

OH,C, CN
C
Electrophiles
Electrophiles are Lewis acids
e.g. BF3, AJCl3, ZnCl2, NO2', NHA
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C
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Basic Princlplas of Organlc Chemlstry (61)
Electronic displacements in Organic Reaction:
Inductive effect
+I effect: Alkyl groups such
as-CH3,-CH2CH3, etc.
-I effect:- -
Cl, NO2,-F,- CoOH,- CN, -COOR,-OAr, etc.
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Electromerie effect
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CHCH CH -TH,
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This effect is temporary & disappears when the reagent
is removed from the reacting system.
Resonance
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ee
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CH,CH-NCH,CH2-N
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C
C
+R effect:- NH2,-OH,-OR, -NHR, -NR2, -NHCOR,
-OCOR
-R effect:-cOOH, -NO2,-CHO, c=o ,-CN, COOR

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-
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Hyperconjugation (No-bond resonance)
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H
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C
C
MHT-CET 2004
1. Dimethyl ether and ethyl alcohol are
(A)metamers (B) homologues
(C) functional isomers (D)position isomers
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MHT-CET 2013
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2. The structure of isobutyl group in an organic compound is

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(A) cH-CH (B) CH-CH-CHCH

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HC
CH
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(CCHCH-CH CH
C
CHa
MHT-CET 2018
3. Identify the functional group that has electron donating inductive effect.
(A)-COOH (B)-CN (C)-CH (D)-NO2
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MHT-CET 2019
C
and r bonds in 2-1omylbenzoic acid
are respectively arilzidet7
4. The number of o (C)10,3 (D)17,5
(A)12,5 (B)14,3
set of nucleophiles7
Which among the following is a
5. H", NH;, CF (C)AICh, BF,, NH, (D)BF, H,0, NH
(A)CN", H:0, R-OH (B)
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hybridization is present in carbocation formed during the alkaline hydrolvsic ad
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6. What type of
1-Bromo-1-phenyl ethane?
(B) sp (D) d'sp
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(C) sp
(A) sp*
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7. What is the number of
sigma (o) and pi (7) bonds respectively in a molecule of bromobenzene?
(A)Seven and three ) Thirteen and three
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(C) Six and three (D)Twelve and three
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8. How many 3° carbon atoms
are present in 1,4 dibromo-2-methylpentane?
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(A)2 (B) 4 (C) 3 (D) I
C
C
9. The IUPAC name of CgHs-C=CH-CHO is
CH3
(A)2-Phenylbut-2-en-4-al (B) 3-Methyl-3-phenylprop-1-en-2-al
(C) 3-Phenylbut-2-enal (D) 3-Methyl-3-phenylprop-2-enal
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CH3-C-CH2-CH2 - CHO
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10. The IUPAC name of
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(A) 1-Formylbutan-3-one (B) 2-Oxopentanal

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(C) 4-Formylbutan-2-one (D) 4-Oxopentanal
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11. The bond line formula of 1-iodo
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-2,3-dimethylpentane is
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A) (B)
C
C
(C) D)
12. The number of pi bonds present in benzoic acid molecule are

(A) 5 (B)4 (C)6 (D)3 itra2
MHT-CET 2020
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13. How many pi bonds and sigma bonds are

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present in following molecule?c Ta)-11

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en
X
ie
ci
ci
Sc
(A)27, 17 ag-bonds
rS
rS
(B) 3T, 17 g-bonds (C) 57, 14 g-bonds D)37, 16 a-bonds

14. LU.P.AC name
of the following compound is
ee
ee
ee
Br CH3
ar
ar
ar
CH,-CH-CH - CH-¢-CH,
C
CHs CaHs
(A)4-bromo-2-ethy1-2, 5-dimethylheptane
(B)4-bromo-3, 6, 6-trimethyloctane
(C)3-bromo-2, 5-diethyl-5-methylhexane
(D)5-bromo-3, 3, 6-trimethyloctane
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Basic Principles of Organic Chemistry (63)
C
15. Which free radical is most stable among following?
(A) R-C (B) CH (C) R-CH (D) R-CH
16. Resonance is NOT exhibited by

(A)phenol
e
e
(B)nitrobenzene (C)cyclohexane D)aniline
nc
nc
nc
17. What is the IUPAC name of following compound?
tg y
ie
ie
ie
OH
Sc
Sc
Sc
r
r
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
- 18
-.
C
C
C
(A)4-chloro-2-hydroxy-1-methylcyclopentane
(B)3-chloro-5-methyl cyclopentanol
(C)1-chloro-3-methyl cyclopentan-4-ol
(D)4-chloro-2-methyl cyclopentanol
e
e
nc
nc
nc
18. Which of the following groups does not show (+R) effect?
ie
ie
ie
(A)-NHCOR (B)-NR (C)-NH2 D)-CN
Sc
Sc
19. Which among the following carbocation is most reactive?

Sc
CH-CH
it 9o is ter 9
(A) (B) (CH) CH*(C) CH; D) (CH,),ct

r
r
ee
ee
ee
20. The total number of electrons around the carbon atom of methyl free radical
areonft
ar
ar
ar
(A)nine (B) seven (C) six (D)eight2:t
C
C
21. Which of the following groups does not show (-R) effect? H
(A)-CN (B)-OH (C)-CooOH (D)-CHOO
22. Which of the following is a functional isomer of pentan-2-o1? A

(A)Pentan-2-one (B) Pentan-3-ol (C)Pentan-1-ol (D)Ethoxypropane
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
23. How many primary, secondary and tertiary carbon atoms respectively are present in isobutane?
ie
(A)3,0 and 1 (B)3, 1 and 0 (C)0, 1 and 3 (D)1,0 and 3

ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
24. The most unstable carbocation is

ee
ee
ee
(A) (CH%C (B) (CH,), CH (C) CH,-CH (D) CH

ar
ar
ar
25. IUPAC name of HN-CH2-CH= CH2 is 2(

(B) 3-Aminopropene
C
(A) Prop-1-en-3-amine
(C)1-propenamine (D) Prop-2-en-1-amine
26. Which among the following compounds does not exhibit resonance?
(A) Phenol (B) Nitroethane (C) Cyclohexane (D) Aniline
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
maximum positive inductive eflect?
27. Which of the following alkyl groups shows (D) CH-
(C) (CH)sC
C
(A) CH-CH (B) (CHs):CH
1-Chloro-2,2-dimethylpropane ?
28. What is a common name of the compound
(A) Isopentyl chloride (B) Neopentyl chloride
(C) tert-butyl chloride D) Isobutyl chloride
e
e
in 3-Ethyl-2, 4-dimethylheptanc is
29. Number of primary carbon atoms present
nc
nc
nc
(B)4 (C)5 (D)3
(A)7
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
30. IUPAC name of is
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(A) 4-Bromo-3, 7-dimethylnonane (B) 4-Bromo-7-ethyl-3-methyloctane
(C) 3-Bromo-2, 6-diethylheptane D)6-Bromo-3, 7-dimthylnonane
ar
ar
ar
C
C
31. Identify the number of carbon atoms and number of oxygen atoms respectively present in furan
molecule.
(A)4, 2 (B)6,1 (C)4,1 D)5,1
32. Identify IUPAC name of following compound.
CH=CH-CH CH-CH-CI
e
e
(A)1-Chioropent-2, 4-diene (B)5-Chloropent-2, 4-diene
nc
nc
nc
(C)5-Chloropenta-1, 3-diene (D)1-Chloropenta-2, 4-diene
ie
ie
ie
33. The most unstable free radical among the following is
Sc
Sc
(A) R,- (B) R-CH (C) R-CH

Sc D) CH, i
r
r
ee
ee
ee
34. Which of the following species docs not act as nucleophile ?
(A) H2S (B) R- OH C) BF (D) R-O- R
ar
ar
ar
35. Which of the following alkyl groups shows least positive inductive effect?
C
C
(A)CH-CH- (B)(CH)CH- (C)(CH,)%Cc D)CH
36. What is molecular formula of pyran?
(A)CsHO (B) CH4O C)CsH,O2 D)CcHO
31. Which of the following is NOT the property of carbocation?
e
ce
ce
(A) It is Lewis base (B) It acts as an electrophile

nc
(C)It has plane geometry (D) It is electron defficient

en
en
ie
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
38. The IUPAC name of CH, --CH, -CI is

CH
ee
ee
ee
(A) 1-Chloro-2, 2-diethylpropane

ar
ar
ar
B) 1-Chloro-2- ethy-2- methylbutane

(C) 3-Chloro-2, 2-diethylpropane D) 1-Chloro-2-methylpentane
C
39. How many tertiary carbon atoms and primary carbon atoms respectively
are present in 2-iodo-
3- dimethyl pentane?
(A)0, 4 (B)2,3 C)1,3 (D)2,4
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Baslc Principles of Organic Chemistry (65)
ar
ar
ar
40. What is the molar mass of a compound represented below?
C
Me
e
e
(A) 108 g mol (B) 120 g mol (C)128 g mol (D) 126 g mol
nc
nc
nc
41. Which of following statements is true for furan?
ie
ie
ie
(A) It contains N atom in a ring (B) It is a saturated moleculc
Sc
Sc
Sc
(C)Molecular formula of furan is CaH4O (D)It is homocyclic compound
42. Which of the following represcnts a set of nucleophiles?
r
r
(A) BFs, H0, NH
ee
ee
ee
(B) H',RNH;, H,S
C) AICl, BF, NH D) CN", R-0-R, R-OH
ar
ar
ar
t
43.Identify the number of bonds present in salicyladehyde.
C
C
(A) 4 (B)3 (C)1 (D)2
44.The common name of 1-bromo-3,3 - dimethylbutane is
(A) n-hexyl bromide (B) neo hexyl bromide
(C)isobutyl bromide (D) tert-pentyl bromide
e
e
45. Which of the following is NOT an electrophile ?
nc
nc
nc
(A) K* (B) AICl (C)H D) NO;
ie
ie
ie
46. Identify the number of carbon atoms and number of oxygen atoms respectively present in pyran
Sc
Sc
molecule.
Sc
(A) 6 andl (B) 5 and 2 (C) 4 and 2 D) 5 and 1
r
r
ee
ee
ee
47. What is the total number of chain isomers exhibited by Heptane?
(A) 7 B) 9 (C)3 D)18
ar
ar
ar
48. Which of the following statements is true for pyran?
C
C
(A)Molecular formula of pyran is CsHsS
B)It is homocyclic compound
(C)It is heterocyclic with oxygen atom in ring
(D)It is saturated aliphatic compound
SOLUTIONS
e
ce
ce
nc
1. (C)
en
en
CH CHOH
ie
CH-0-CH3
ci
ci
Dimethyl ether Ethyl alcohol

Sc
functional groups.
Dimethyl ether and ethyl alcohol have same formula but different
rS
rS
They are functional isomers.

ee
ee
ee
2. (A)
in the
means one -CH3 group is present at second carbon
ar
ar
ar
Iso
chain. CH-CH
C
Hence, the structure of iso-butyl group in an organic compound

is
3.
+I effect.
-CH3 Methyl group has electron donating, i.e.,
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
MHT-CET Exam Questions
ar
ar
ar
66)
4. (D)
C
CHO
COOH
(2-Fonylbenzoic acid)
e
e
5. (A)
nc
nc
nc
Nucleophile is electron rich specieS
ie
ie
ie
6. (A)
Carbocation is sp hybridized.
Sc
Sc
Sc
7. (D)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
8. (D)
ar
ar
ar
Br
C
C
9. (C) 10. (D)
11. (D)
e
e
1-Jodo-2, 3-dimethylpentane
nc
nc
nc
CH
ie
ie
ie
-CH-CH-CH-CHCH
Sc
Sc
1
Sc
2 3
CH
r
r
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
12. (B)
C
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
-OH
ie
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Total no. of Pi bonds

ar
ar
ar
=4
13. (D)
C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Basic Princlplos of Organic Chemistry (67)
C
14.(B)
Br ÇH
CH,-CH-CH-CH,--CH,
2 8
CH-CH H,-CH,
e
e
nc
nc
nc
4- Bromo -3,6,6- trimethyloctane
ie
ie
ie
15. (A)
Sc
Sc
Sc
Stability of radicals decreases in the order, 3°> 2°> 1° > methyl.
r
r
16. (C)
ee
ee
ee
Due to absence of conjugated system of n bonds.
ar
ar
ar
17.(D)
C
C
18.(D)
-CN shows (-R) effect,
19.(C)
Order of stability of carbocation is:
(CH%C>(CH)CH>CH-CH > CH;
e
e
nc
nc
nc
CH is most reactive.
ie
ie
ie
20.(A)
Sc
Sc
21. (B)
Sc
-OH represents +R electron displacement effect.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
22. (D)
CH,-CH -0-CH,-CH,-CH
ar
ar
ar
CH,-CH-CH, -CH; -CH,
Ethoxypropane
C
C
OH
Pentan 2-ol
but former has alcoholic
Pentan-2-ol and ethoxypropane have same molecular formula (CH10)
fünctional group. sA
-OH) functional group and the latter has ether -0-)
i
e
ce
ce
23. (A)
nc
1°
en
en
CH 1
ie
ci
ci
l°CH-H-CH,
Sc
rS
rS
Isobutane
atoms = 0, Tertiary C atoms =1
Primary C atoms = 3, Secondary C
ee
ee
ee
24. (D)
The stability of carbocations: 3° >2°>1°
ar
ar
ar
C
stable.
1 carbocation = CH, is least
25. (D)
H,N-CH,-CH=CH,
IUPAC name: Prop-2-en-1-amine
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
26. (C)
C
Cyclohexane (CcH2)- has no lone pairs on double bonds required for resonance.
27. (C)
More the number of alkyl groups, more will be the positive inductive (+1) effect.
e
e
+I effect: (CH),C-> (CH)2CH-> CHCH> CHJ-
nc
nc
nc
28. (B)
ie
ie
ie
CH
Sc
Sc
Sc
HC-C-CH, -Cl
r
r
ee
ee
ee
CH
ar
ar
ar
1-chloro-2,2-dimethyl
Propane
C
C
Common Name: Neopentyl chloride
29. (C)
CH,CH-CH-CH-CH, -CH,CH
e
e
nc
nc
nc
CH,-C
ie
ie
ie
3-Bthyl-2, 4 - dimethyl heptane
Sc
Sc
Sc
(Primary carbon atom is bonded to only
one another carbon atom)
r
r
30. (A)
ee
ee
ee
Hc-CH-CH,--CH-CE-CH,
ar
ar
ar
2
C
C
Br
CH CH
IUPAC name : 4-Bromo-3,
7-dimethylnonane
31. (C)
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
ie
32. (C)
ci
ci
Sc
3 4 5
rS
rS
CH,=CH-CH CH-CH, -CI

5-Chlorolopenta-1,3-diene
ee
ee
ee
33. (D)
ar
ar
ar
Order of stability for

the free radical is as follows:
C
CH, <R-CH, <R,CH<

34. (C)
R,C
BF3 molecule is electron
deficient, so it cannot
rich species. act as a nucleophile.
Nucleophiles are electron
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
35.(D) Basic Principlos of Organic Chemistry
(69)
C
36. (A)
e
e
Pyran
nc
nc
nc
Molecular Formula = CH,O
ie
ie
ie
37. (A)
Carbocation has positive
Sc
Sc
Sc
charge on
electron therefore it is not Lewis 'C' atom, it is electron defficicnt so it can not donate a pair
base. of
r
r
38. (B)
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
CH,CH
CH,-C-CHCI
C
C
or HC-C-CH,CI
CH CH,CH,
1-Chloro-2-ethyl-2-methylbutane
e
e
39.(A)
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
1242
H,C CH-C-CH, -CH, eit:
Sc
Sc
mtf n7n
Sc
20nes eriim 1
CH
r
r
ee
ee
ee
No. of 3° carbon atoms=0
No. of 1° carbon atoms = 4.
ar
ar
ar
C
C
40. (C)
M.F. = C,H20
Me
e
ce
ce
No. of 'C' atoms =9

nc
No. of 'H' atoms = 20

en
en
ie
Molecular mass = (9x 12) + (1 x 20) = 128 g mol"

ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
41. (C)
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Structure of furan
C
M.F. CHO
42. (D)
Nucleophiles are negatively charged or electron rich species.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Questions
(70) MHT-CET Exam
ar
ar
ar
C
C
CN, R -0- R,R-OH
electron rich
Negatively
Charged
e
e
nc
nc
nc
43. (A)
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
-H be
Salicyaldehyde
r
r
ee
ee
ee
OH
H
ar
ar
ar
Number of r bonds = 4
C
C
44.(
-CH-C-CH,
Br-H.C-
CH,
e
e
1-Bromo-3,3 dimethyl butane
nc
nc
nc
-
(peo hexyl bromide) (P : .

ie
ie
ie
45. (A)
Sc
Sc
Because after accepting electron from

Sc
nucleophile, it's octet will not get complete.), H
46.(D)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
CT S 10
C
C
T
Pyran
CHO
47.(B)
e
ce
ce
Heptane, no. of "C' atoms=

nc
77
.
en
en
Numbers of chain
isomers are given
ie
2-4 +1 =
2-+1
by,
ci
ci
Sc
=
2+1=9
rS
rS
48. (C)
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
O
C
Pyran
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
9.Hydrocarbons
lmportant Formulae and Shortcut Methods
The compounds which contain carbon
and hydrogen as the only clements
e
e
are called hydrocarbons.
nc
nc
nc
Hydrocarbons
ie
ie
ie
Open chain (aliphatic)
Sc
Sc
Sc
Cyclic
Saturated Unsaturnted Saturnted
r
r
(alkene) (elkene, alkyne) (alicyclic) Unsaturated
ee
ee
ee
Straight Branchod Straight Aromatic
ar
ar
ar
Nonsromatic
chain chain Chain Branched
chain
C
C
Alkanes
. General Formula =CaH2n +2
Where, n= No. of atoms in
C the molecule
e
e
They
nc
nc
nc
are chemically less reactive
and do nothave much affinity for other
chemicals.
Hence, they are called paraffins.
ie
ie
ie
(Latin: param means little and affrin means
Sc
Sc
affinity or reactivity)e
Sc
r
r
Preparations and Chemical Reactions of Alkanes:
ee
ee
ee
Preparatons:
ar
ar
ar
Reacttons:
Alkene Alkyl halide
C
C
PIR.T (KaCla, Br)
N tHib emperare
and peessxe)
g02 +H0 +, Heat
(combenbo0n) Carbon Water
dioxide
Alkyne 2
PPdRT)
e
ce
ce
N{Hh etoperstnre 30Mixture of alkanes, alkencs

nc
and bydrogen
en
en
Alkanes
ie
ci
ci
Sc
Alkyl halide 2H1

Benzene or its homologue
rS
rS
Za-d
ee
ee
ee
Alkyi halide-
Dy eter, A
ar
ar
ar
HOH
C
Alkyl magnesium halide.

Dy eher
(Grignard reagent)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Questlons
ar
ar
ar
72) MHT-CET Exam
Uses of alkanes:
C
fucl mainly for heating and
cooking purpose.
a
t(i) First four alkanes are used as
For example: LPG and CNG.
as fuel for automobiles.
Cii) CNG, petrol and diesel are used
used as solvent.
(ii) Lower 1liquid alkanes are
e
e
(tar) are used for road surfacing
nc
nc
nc
(iv) Alkanes with more than 35 C atoms tisa
alkanes. They are used as lubricants. They are also
ie
ie
ie
(v) Waxes are high molecular weight of printin,
for the preparation of candles and
carbon black that is used in manufacture nting
Sc
Sc
Sc
ink, shoe polish, ctc.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Alkenes
Fomula = C^H2a«2
ar
ar
ar
General
C
C
Where,n 2,3, 4, ..etc.
Alkenes are also known as olefins because the first member ethene/ethylene reacts with
chlorine to form oily substance.
Structural Isomerism: Alkenes with more than three carbon atoms show structurd
e
e
isomerism.
nc
nc
nc
eg. Butene (C«H,)
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
) Chain Isomerism: The isomerism which is due to the difference in

the
Sc carboa
chain length is called as chain isomerism.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
CH,= CH- CH,-CH,
CHin CH,
ar
ar
ar
But-1-eDe 2-Methylprop-1-ene
chuin of four curbons
chain of three carbo
C
C
i) Position isomerism: The isomerism which
is due to the difference in the
position of double bond in same carbon
chain is called position isomerism.
CHCH2-CH=CH2 CH-CH=CH-CH
(But-1-ene)
(But-2-ene)
e
ce
ce
nc
Geometrical isomerism in alkenes:

en
en
ie
ci
ci
Sc
(A)
rS
rS
(B)
Y
ee
ee
ee
cis isomer
trans 1Somer
ar
ar
ar
cis -isomer> Two identical

atoms or
trans-isomer> Two identical atoms groups lie on the same side of the double bond.
C
or groups lie on the

opposite side ofthe double
bona
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Hydrocarbons (73)
C
Preparation and Chemical Reactions of Alkenes
Preparatfons: Reactlons:
KOU
Alkyl halide AC Alkane
Boll PVd(.T)
e
e
NI(OUgh temperalure
nc
nc
nc
Bnd praure)
1° Alcohol 29% H50
413 K
ie
ie
ie
Vicinal dihalide
Sc
Sc
Sc
(C(A,T (X CI, Br)
2° Alcohol- 373 K
Alkyl halide (Markonlkoff's Rule)

r
r
ee
ee
ee
3° Alcohol k50,_ Alkenes
6J K
CHcO0 Alkyl Bromde (Perozide effee
ar
ar
ar
(Berneoyi peroxide)
C
C
Vicinal dihalide-
HSOA) Alcohol
Alkyne P-C
(Gives ci-laaraer) Carbonyl compounds + Zno
H0, 7a dus
Alkyncc- Na
e
e
T 0ft Liq. Nils
Diborss, THP
Alcohoo! (Primary)
nc
nc
nc
(Gives trinsAo HO-OH,Ofr
ie
ie
ie
OuHet presae
Sc
Sc
Polyerizarion Polymer Sc
r
r
OO Alkane diol (Baeyer's test)
ee
ee
ee
ABaline KMaO
cold and dil)
ar
ar
ar
KMn0u
Ketones or acids
C
C
Some Important Uses of Alkenes:
) Alkenes are used as starting materials for preparation of alkyl halides, alcohols,
aldehydes, ketones, acids, etc.
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
Gi) Ethene and propene are used to manufacture polythene, polypropylene which are used in
ie
polyethene bags, toys, bottles, etc.

ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
(1ii) Ethene is used for artificial ripening of fruits, such as mangoes.

ee
ee
ee
Alkynes
ar
ar
ar
=
General Formula ,H20-2
C
Where, n=2,3,4,.....etc.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Preparation and Chemical Reactions of Alkynes:
C
Preparations: Reactions:
LiNH Lithium alkynide

CH
Methane
2 Alkanec
e
e
NWR1)
nc
nc
nc
HO
CaC Ni (igh rmperature
ie
ie
ie
Calcium carbide
Alkyne H
Sc
Sc
Sc
KON
Vicinal dihalide. Ak Tctrahalonlkane
{Debyerhokpeeticn)
cch (X Cl, Br)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
HX
Gaminal dihalide
LiNR HCI, HBr, HI)
ar
ar
ar
Termia (HX
k higher alync)
alkyne 40% Hso
C
C
Carbonyl compound
19% Hg5o, HO
(Aldchyde or ketone)
Some Important Uses of Acetylene:

) Ethyne (acetylene) is used in preparation of ethanal (acetaldehyde), propanone (acetone),
e
e
ethanoic acid (acetic acid).
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
(ü) It is used in the manufacture of polymers, synthetic rubber, synthetic fibre, plastic, etc.
Sc
Sc
Sc
(ii) For arificial ripening of fruits.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
iv) In oxy-acetylene (mixture of oxygen and acetylene) flame for welding and cutting of
ar
ar
ar
metals.
C
C
Aromatic Hydrocarbons
Compounds which contain a very high ratio of carbon to hydrogen but which are extremely
stable and resemble benzene in their chemical reactions are
called as aromatic compounds."
eg. Benzene, toluene, xylene are aromatic compounds.
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
In benzene,
ie
ci
ci
All carbon and hydrogen atoms lie in

Sc
the same plane.

rS
rS
20
Six sigma (o) bonds lie in the same
plane. I120-H
ee
ee
ee
All bond angles are 120°.

ar
ar
ar
C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Hydrocarbons (75)
ar
ar
ar
Preparation
C
and Chemical Reactions of Benzene:
Preparations: Reactions:
CsHCL
3CH CH iwn tube
K Benzene hexuchloride (BHC)
Acetylene 7
e
e
NE,4S1473K
Cyclohexane
t
nc
nc
nc
CHO
ie
ie
ie
3
Sc
Sc
Sc
CsHCOONa + NaOH CsHs Glyoxal
Sodium benz0ate Benzene CaHCI
e (n dank )
r
r
Chlorobenzene
ee
ee
ee
CaHBr
ar
ar
ar
feDe Bromobenzene
C
C
C&Cls
mhydon AC, Hexachlorobenzenc
CaHOH+Zn-
Pheno! cunc.INO CsHNO
cotil0.A Nitrobemene
lenng 4:S Cals-SOH

373K Benzenesulphonic acid
e
e
nc
nc
nc
Cals CH
Aahyroos AICh Toluene
ie
ie
ie
CtHCDCA CHs-co-CH
Sc
Sc
Arhydrous AK Sc Acctoplesnone
Aahytrous AKCs CaHs-CO-CH

r
r
ee
ee
ee
Acetophenae
6CO3H:0
ar
ar
ar
Carbon Wster
dioxide
C
C
Directive influence of substituents (functional groups) in monosubstituted benzene
ortho and para - directing groups:
-CL-Br,-OH, -OCHs,-NH2, -NHR,-CH,-CHs,-R, etc.
meta directing groups
-NO2,-NH3,-CN, -CHO, -COR,-C0OH, -SO3H, etc.
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en

ie
ci
ci
Sc
MHT-CET 2012
rS
rS
1. CH,+CH.CIAyAsCH,CH, +HC1, the name of the above reaction is

ee
ee
ee
(A)Gattermann (B) Reimer-Tiemann

(C)Friedel-Craft (D)Cannizzaro
ar
ar
ar
C
MHT-CET 2013
2. Some meta-directing substituents in aromatic substitution are given. Which one is the most
deactivating?
(B)-SO,H (C)-coOH (D)-NO
(A)-C=N
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
MHT-CET 2015
3. Chlorination of ethane is caried out in presence of
(A)anhydrous AlBrs (B)mercuric chloride (C)ultraviolet lightD) zinc chloride
e
e
MHT-CET 2018
nc
nc
nc
4. Arenes on treatment with chlorine in presence of ferric chloride as a catalyst undergo what type
ie
ie
ie
of reaction?
(B) Nucleophilic substitution
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A)Electrophilic substitution
(C)Electrophilic addition (D)Nucleophilic addition
r
r
ee
ee
ee
5. Conversion of hexane into benzene involves the reaction of
(A)hydration (B)hydrolysis (C)hydrogenation (D)dehydrogenation
ar
ar
ar
C
C
MHT-CET 2019
6. When propene reacts with HCl in presence of peroxide, the product is
(A) 2 chloropropane (B) 1,2- dichloropropane
(C)1-chloropropane (D) 1,1- dichloropropane
How many chain isomers are possible for an alkane having molecular formula CH12?
e
e
7.
nc
nc
nc
(A)2 (B) 4 (C)5 (D) 3
ie
ie
ie
8. In the reaction, 2n R-X +2nNa product
Sc
Sc
Dry ether
Sc
The product obtained is
(A)n Sodium halide (B) n Alkane
r
r
(C)n Alcohol (D) 2n Alkene
ee
ee
ee
9. a-butylene when subjected to hydroboration oxidation reaction, yields
ar
ar
ar
(A) tert-butyl alcohol (B) iso-butyl alcohol
C
C
C)n-butyl alcohol D) sec-butyl alcohol
10. How many gram of sodium (atomic mass 23 u) is required to prepare one mole of ethane from
methyl chloride by Wurtz reaction?
(A)2 (B) 11.5 (C) 23 (D)46
e
ce
ce
11. Which of the following compounds has the highest boiling point?
nc
(A)n-Hexane
en
en
(B) Neo - hexane (CIso- hexane D)2,3-Dimethylbutane

ie
MHT-CET 2020
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
12.Identify the decreasing order of boiling point of alkanes,

)n-pentane (i) Isopentane (ii) Neopentane
ee
ee
ee
(A)Isopentane > n-pentane> Neopentane (B)n-pentane> Isopentane>

Neopentane
C)Neopentane> Isopentane> n-pentane (D)lsopentane> Neopentane >
ar
ar
ar
n-pentane
C
13. Which of the following alcohols is prepared by acid catalyzed

hydration of alkenes?
(A)Butan-1-ol (B) Methanol (C)Propan-l-ol (D)Ethanol
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Hydrocarbons (77)
C
hydrogen
14. Which of the following is a major product obtained in the reaction of isobutylene with
bromide?
(A)Iso butyl bromide (B) tert-butyl bromide
(C)sec-butyl bromide (D)n-butyl bromide
e
e
15. Identify the product X obtained in following reaction
nc
nc
nc
CH-(CH,)4-CH3773K, 10-20 atm
ie
ie
ie
(A) 2CH-CH = CH + H
Sc
Sc
Sc
(B) CH-(CH,) -CH = CH, + H2
CH = CH +
r
r
C)CH-CH= CH-CH + Hz
ee
ee
ee
(D) C,H, + 4H
ar
ar
ar
16. In which of the following molecules, 2n bonds are present?
C
C
(A) CHs (B)CH4 (C)CH (D)CH
17.Identify product "C' in following reaction.
Propylene dibromide- Zn.A ABrBN C
ether
(A)1,2-Dibromobutane (B)2,3-Dimethylbutane
e
e
C)2-Bromobutane
nc
nc
nc
D)Isobutane
18. When Butan-2-ol is dehydrated using sulphuric acid, the concentration of acid and temperature
ie
ie
ie
needed respectively is
Sc
Sc
(A)95% conc. and 373 K (B)60 % conc. and 373 K

Sc
(C) 20% conc. and 363 K D)20% conc. and 373 K
r
r
ee
ee
ee
19. How many moles of ethene are required to prepare 6.0 g ethane by hydrogenation process?
(A) 0.2 mole (B) 1.0 mole (C)4.0 mole (D) 0.1 mole
ar
ar
ar
20. When HCl is treated with propene in presence of sodium peroxide, the major product obtained is
C
C
(A) 2,2-dichloropropane (B) 1,2-dichloropropane
(C) 1-Chloropropane (D) 2-Chloropropane st
21. Identify the catalystX used in following reaction.
CH,CHBr+2H]>CH,-CH, +HBr
(A) KMnO4 (B) CaO, A
e
ce
ce
(C)Zn-CuCouple in alcohol (D)KCr;O

nc
en
en
22. What is the difference in molar mass of any two neighbouring alkanes?
ie
A)10 g mol (B)14 gm mol C)12 g mol D)15 g mol

ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
23. What is the total number of chain isomers exhibited by Hexane?

(A)5 (B) 4 (C)3 (D)9
ee
ee
ee
24. Which of the following compounds is NOT obtained in thermal decomposition of propane in
absence of air ?
ar
ar
ar
(A)Dihydrogen (B) Propene (C)Ethane (D)Methane

C
25. Addition of hydrogen bromide to but-2-ene and but-1-ene forms

(A)1 bromobutane and 2- bromobutane respectively
(B) 1- bromobutane only
(C) 2- bromobutane only
(D) 2-bromobutane and 1 -bromobutane respectively
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Exam Questions
(78) MHT-CET one monochloroderivative
ar
ar
ar
among the following on chlorination yields only
26. Which (B) Ncopentane
C
Isopentane
(A)
n-pentane
(D)2,3-Dimcthylpentane
(C)
conformation of cthanc?
torsion angle in staggered
27. What is the (C) 0° (D) 45
(A)180° (B) 60
Newman projection formula?
angle in eclipsed conformation of ethane by
e
e
28. What is the torsion (D) 60
nc
nc
nc
(B) 30 45°
(C)
(A) 0°
compounds has lowest boiling point?
ie
ie
ie
29. Which among the following D)n-pentane
(B) Isobutane (C) Neopentane
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A)Isopentane
30. What is the number of carbon

atoms present in liquid alkanes at room temperature?
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(A) Greater than C3o
(B) Ca to C3o
(D) Cs to Cn
(C)Ci to Ca
ar
ar
ar
Br
C
C
31. Which of the following compounds on
bromination yields
(A) (B)
Y (C) (D)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
32. Which of the following molecules has shortest C-C bond length?
(A)CHs (B)CaH2 )CH D)CH4
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
33. If a mixture of iodomethane and iodoethane is treated with sodium metal in presence of dry ether
if forms
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(A)ethane, propane and butane (B) propane and ethane
(C)propane and butane D) ethane and butane
ar
ar
ar
34. Which of the following reagents can bring about following conversion?
C
C
But-1-ene- Butan-2-ol
(A)H0 (B)B,H
(C)KOH aqueous (D)) Cold conc. H,SO, (ii) H2o
35. Which of following reagents is used in Friedel craft's reaction?
(A)Zn and dry ether
e
ce
ce
(B) Anhydrous A1Cl3

(C)Clh, Sunlight
nc
(D)Zn/HCI
en
en
ie
SOLUTIONS
ci
ci
Sc
1. (C)
rS
rS
CsH+CH,CIAyA CH,CH + HCI

ee
ee
ee
Toluenc
This reaction is known as Friedel
-Craft reaction.
ar
ar
ar
2. (D)
C
The deactivating tendency

of given groups follows the order:
-NO2-S0,H>-C=N>--OH
Thus,- N0, is the most deactivating group,
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Hydrocarbons (79)
3. (C)
C
Chlorination of cthanc is carricd out in prescnce of diMused sunliglht
or ultra violet light. Ethane
on chlorination forms ethyl ehloride.
tiltra violet
CH-CH + Cl-CI ight CHj-CH2-Cl+ HCI
Bthane
thyl ehloride
. (A)
e
e
Arenes shows more reactivity for clectrophilic substitution reaction.
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
5. (D)
Sc
Sc
Sc
CO773K
10-20 atm
+4H2
r
r
ee
ee
ee
n-Hexane Dehydrogenation Benzene
ar
ar
ar
6. (A)
C
C
CH-CH =CH2 + HC1 CH3-CH-CH,
Propene
CI
2 Chloropropane
Effect of peroxide is observed only in the case HBr.
of
e
e
7. (D)
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
n-pentane
Sc
Sc
Sc
iso-pentane
r
r
ee
ee
ee
neo-pentane
ar
ar
ar
C
C
8. (B)
-x2n Na
Dry ether
n
R-R. + 2n NaX
Alkano
e.g. CH CI+2Na + Cl-CH »CH3-CH +2NaCl
e
ce
ce
9. (C)
nc
6CH-CH2 -CH = CH2+(BH3)2 T2(CH-CH2-CH2-CH2)3 -B

en
en
ie
a-butylene Diborane
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
(CH-CH2 -CH2 -CH2)s -B OH

3CH-CH-CH2-CH2 -OH+ B(OH),
alochol n-butyl
ee
ee
ee
10. (D)
ar
ar
ar
CH-Cl+2Na +Cl-CH3 dy ethe

CH, -CH, +2NaCl
C
For formation of 1 mole of ethane, 2 moles of sodium is required.

Mass 2x 23 46
46 g of Na is required.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
11. (A)
as comparcd to branched alkanes.
Straight chain alkanes have higher boiling points
C
12. (B)
in the stucture, boiling point decrcascs becausc the surfae
As the number of branches inereases
area decreascs.
e
e
13. (D)
This method is uscful for preparation of secondary and
tertiary alcohols. The only primar
nc
nc
nc
alcohol that can be prepared by this method is ethanol.
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
14. (B)
CH,
r
r
ee
ee
ee
CH,-C=CH HBr,CH, -C-CH;
ar
ar
ar
Isobutylene Br
C
C
tert butyl bromide
15. (D)
Higher alkarne with more than 5 carbon atom undergoes cyclization to form benzene in presence
ofCrO under 10 to 20 atm pressure at 773 K.
e
e
Cr,O
nc
nc
nc
CH-(CH,). -CH, 773K,10-20 atmC,H, +4H
n-Hexane Benzene
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
16. (C) Sc
i. CH-CH3 ii. CH2 CH2 ii. CH= CH iv. CH - CH CH2
r
r
(CH) (CaH) CH) (CH)
ee
ee
ee
(No s bond) (1-n bond) (2-T bonds) (1 -n bond)
ar
ar
ar
17.(B)
C
C
CH,-CH-CH, Zn, A
Alcohol
CH,-CH=CH, +ZnBr
Br Br Propene
Propylene dibromide (A)
e
ce
ce
Br
nc
i) CH-CH=CH, CH,-CH- CH,

en
en
ie
Propene Br
ci
ci
Sc
2- Bromopropane
rS
rS
(B)
ee
ee
ee
H,CH,
ar
ar
ar
Na
(iii) 2CH, -CH-CH, CH, -H -CH -CH, +2NaBr
C
ether
Br 2,3- Dimethylbutane
2-Bromopropane C)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Hydrocarbons (81)
C
18.(B)
Secondary alcohol (2°) is dehydrated by heating with 60% HSO4 at 373 K.
PCH-CH=CH-CH, +H,0
But-2-cne (major produc9
CH-CH-CH-CH
60%
H,50,
e
e
373 K
CH-CH-CH= CH +H,O
nc
nc
nc
OH
But-1-cne (minor product)
Butan-2-o1
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
19.(A)
H,C CH,+H, H,C-CH,
r
r
Ethene Ethane
ee
ee
ee
(30 g)
ar
ar
ar
30 of
g ethane is obtained from 1 mole of ethene.
C
C
6gof ethane is obtained from
30 0.2 mole of ethene.
20. (D)
CH,-CH=CH, + HCI -
CH, CH-CH, H
M.R.
e
e
Propene CI
nc
nc
nc
2-Chloropropane
ie
ie
ie
Peroxide effect is only for addition of HBr)
Sc
Sc
21.(C)
Sc
22. (B)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Two neighbouring alkanes are differing by -CH group in their molecular formulae.
.The difference in molar mass of any two neighbouring alkanes = 12 +(1 x 2) =14 g mol
ar
ar
ar
23.(A)
C
C
HC-CH,CH, -CH, -CH,-CH,;n -hexane
HC-CH,-CH,-CH-CH, :2-methyl pentane
CH
e
ce
ce
:3 methyl pentane
nc
H,C-CH,ÇH-CH,-CH,
en
en
ie
CH
ci
ci
Sc
CH,
rS
rS
H,C-C-CH, CH, - 2,2- dimethyl butane

ee
ee
ee
CH
ar
ar
ar
C
H,C-CH-CH-CH, :2,3 dimethyl butane

CH
Total 5 chain isomers are possible for hexane.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
MHT-CET Exam Questions
tt(82) propene and methane.
C
24. (C) in absence of air can
give hydrogen,
Pyrolysis (cracking) of propane
25.(C)
H,C-CH,-CH-CH,
H,C-CH=CH-CH,+ HBr
e
e
Br
2-Butene
nc
nc
nc
2- Bromobutane
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
HC-CH - CH = CH, +HBr H,C-CH, ÇH-CH,
-
r
r
Br
ee
ee
ee
1-butene
2- bromobutane
ar
ar
ar
as products.
via Markownikoff's rule and both give 2-bromobutane
Addition takes place
C
C
26. (B)
CH
H,C-¢-CH, H,C-f-CH,CI
e
e
CH, CH
nc
nc
nc
Neopentane
ie
ie
ie
one monochloroderivative.
Neopentane has only one type of hydrogen. So it yields only
Sc
Sc
Sc
27.(B)
r
r
ethane is 60°
The torsion angle in staggered conformation of
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
H
C
C
H H
H
Staggered conformation of C2H6
e
ce
ce
nc
,i
28. (A)
en
en
ie
ci
ci
Sc
The torsion angle in eclipsed

rS
rS
conformation of ethane is 00
ee
ee
ee
HH
ar
ar
ar
29. (B)
C
Boiling points of alkanes increases with increase in molecular masses and increase in surface
area. Isobutane has the lowest boiling point.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Hydrocarbons (83)
30. (D)
C
In alkanes (CnH2n+2): Ci to C n
Gases 9
Cs-Ci Liquids
C7 Solids
31. (C)
Br
Y
e
e
+BT25°C
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
Br
H,C-CH-CH, +Br;25cH,C--CH, hv
r
r
H,
ee
ee
ee
2-Methylpropane
H
2-Bromo-2-methylpropane
ar
ar
ar
C
C
32. (B)
Bond length decreases in the order of
> -CC.
e
e
33.(A)
nc
nc
nc
When an etheral solution of a mixture of methyl iodide and ethyl iodide is heated with
ie
ie
ie
sodium metal, following reactions take place.
anCH - CH
Sc
Sc
(00
CHl+CHgI+2Na +2 Nal
Sc
Methyl iodide Ethane
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(i) CHsl+ C2Hsl+2Na CaHio +2Nal
Ethyl lodide n-butane
ar
ar
ar
(ii) CH-I+GH -I+2Na CH-CH+2Nal
C
C
Propene
dde kodde
34.(D)
CH,-CH - CH = CH, CH-CH,

cold conC.
(M.R)
-CH-CH, CH, -CH,-ÇH-CH, +H,So,
But-l-ene
OH
OSOH
e
ce
ce
Butan-2-ol
nc
en
en
35.(B)
ie
Craft's acylation reaction

ci
ci
For example: Friedel -

Sc
rS
rS
AlCl
C-CH
CH, +CH,COCI- anhy. A
ee
ee
ee
Benzene
ar
ar
ar
Acetyl
Acetophenone
Chloride
C
Role of AlCl> Formation of the electrophile

R-COCI+AICl, >AIC19 + R-C® =O
Acylium ion
OOOO00
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
C
C
1. Solid State
Methods
ImportantFormulae and Shortcut
definite volume and definite shape. )1E
e
ce
ce
substance in which it has
Solid State: The state of the
nc
constituent particles have

orderly arrangement.
en
en
Solids: The substances in which
Crystalline
ie
Classification of Crystalline Solids
ci
ci
Sc
rS ii. Covalent Network

Crystals
rS
i. lonic Crystals
iv. Metallic Crystals
ii. Molecular Crystals
ee
ee
in which constituent particles
do not have orderly arrangement,
e
Amorphous Solids: The substances
ar
ar
ar
points. This depicts the relati
orderly arrangement of identical
C
C
Space Lattice: A three dimensional
arrangement of constituent particles in the crystal.
a crystalline solid is called unit
cell.
Unit Cell: The smallest repeating structural unit of
e
e
nc
c
en
en
ie
ci
ci
Sc
(P)
S
S
er
er
e
e
Unit cell parameters
ar
ar
ar
M
C
C
Crystal systems: 3igtyoo
Cubic13
Orthorhombic
ce
ce
ce
Tetragonal
en
en
en
Crystal systems Monoclinic

i
i
Sc
Sc
Sc
Rhombohedral
r
Triclinic
ee
ee
Hexagonal
ar
ar
ar
C
Types of Cubic Unit Cells: Simple, body centred (bcc) and face centred (fcc).
Total No., of Atoms per Unit Cell:
Simple cubic bec

ce
ce
ce
fcc
8x=1 8x+1-28x+6x4
en
en
en
1
2
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
Solid State (85)
C
Relation between radius (r) of an atom and edge length (a) of cubic unit cell :
Simple cubic bcc

a
2 v3 a
e
ce
ce
.
nc
Coordination Number and Packing Efficiency
en
en
ie
Type Simple bcc
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
cubic
Coordination 8
ee
ee
e
number
ar
ar
ar
Packing efficiency 52.4% 68%
C
C
Number of tetrahedral voids = 2 x No, of atoms
Number of octahedral voids = No. of atoms
Density of the crystal is related to edge length and atomic mass (formula mass) by the formula:
p nxM
NA
e
e
nc
c
Point defects
en
en
Irregularities exist around a point or an atom.
ie
ci
ci
Sc
a Stoichiometrie defects (intrinsic or thermodynamic defects)

S
i. Vacancy defect: Non-ionic solids

S
er
er
Arises when some of the lattice sites are vacant.
e
e
Results in decrease in density of the substance.
ar
ar
ar
ii. Interstitial defect: Non-ionic solids
C
C
Arises when some constituent particles occupy and interstitial site.
Results in increase in density of the substance.
ii. Frenkel defect: Ionic solids
Arises dlue to delocalization ofsmaller ion.(usually cation) from its normal site
to an interstitial site.
ce
ce
ce
Also called as dislocation defect.

Does not affect the density of the substance
en
en
en
iv. Schottky defect: Tonic solids

i
by missing of equal number of cations and anions from their lattice

Sc
Sc
Sc
Characterized
site to maintain electrical neutrality.
in vacancy defect and decrease in density of the substance.
r
Results
ee
ee
b. Impurity defects
e
Arises when foreign atoms are present at the lattice site in place of host atoms (substitutional
ar
ar
ar
impurity defect) or at the vacant interstitial sites (interstitial impurity defect).

C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
C
fi2
c. Non-Stoichiometric defects
i. Metal excess defect
Metal excess defect arises due to anionic vacancies
Leaving a hole which is occupied by an electron thus maintaining electin.
trical
e
ce
ce
balance. Sites are called F-centres and impart colour to crystals.
nc
Similar to Schottky defects.
en
en
ie
Metal excess defect arises due to presence of extra cations at interstitial sites.
ci
ci
Sc
Electrical neutrality is maintained by an electron present in another interstitiaitial

rS
rS
site.
ee
ee
Similar to Frenkel defects.
e
ar
ar
ar
i. Metal deficiency defect
C
C
Metal deficiency defect arises when metal shows variable valency i.e., in transitien
metals.
The defect occurs due to missing of a cation from its lattice site and the presence ofthe
cation having high charge in the adjacent lattice site.

e
e
nc
c
MHT-CET 2004
en
en
ie
*1. Silicon is
ci
ci
(A) semiconductor (B) insulator
Sc
(C) conductor (D)none of these

S
MHT-CET 2006
S
er
er
2. A metallic element has a cubic lattice. Each edge
of the unit cell is 2 Å. The density of the metal
e
e
is 2.5 g cm". The unit cells in 200 g of metal are
ar
ar
ar
(A)1x104 (B)1x1020 (C)1x 1022 (D)1x102
C
C
MHT-CET 2013
3. A metal has a fec lattice. The edge length
of the unit cell is 404 pm. The density
2.72 g cm. The molar mass of the metal is QNA, of the metal i
Avogadro's constant = 6.02x 104
(A)40 g mol (B) 30 g mol mol')
(C)27 g mol D)20 g mol
ce
ce
ce
MHT-CET 2015
en
en
en
*4. Select a ferromagnetic material from

the followings.
(A)Dioxygen
i
(B) Chromium (TV) oxide

Sc
Sc
Sc
(C)Benzene
(D)Dihydrogen monoxide
r
MHT-CET 2016
ee
ee
*5. In face centred cubic

unit cell, what is the volume occupied?
ar
ar
ar
(A)T
C
(C) 4r3
(D)
solids is a nonpolar solid?
(A) Hydrogen chloride
(C) Water 8) Sulphur dioxide
(D) Carbon dioxide
ce
ce
ce
MHT-CET 2018
7. In which among
en
en
en
the following solids, Schottky

(A)ZnS defect is NOT observed?
(B)NaCI
(C)KCI
ci
ci
ci
(D)CsCI
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
Solld State (87)
C
MHT-CET 2019
8. Which among the following solids shows Frenkel defect?
(A) NaCl1 (B) CsCI (C) AgCl (D) KCI
9. Which among the following pairs of compounds is NOT isomorphous 7
(A) NaNOs and CaCO (B) NaF and MgO
e
ce
ce
(C) KSO4 and K2SeO4 (D) NaCI and KCI
nc
en
en
10. The percentage of unoccupied volume in simple cubic cell is '
ie
(A) 52.40% (B) 32.00% (C) 68.04% D)47.60%%
ci
ci
Sc
11. How many total constituent particles are present in simple cubic
unit cel1?
rS
rS
(A)1 (B)3 (C)4 (D)2
ee
ee
12.If a metal crystallizes in bec structure with edge length of unit cell 4.29 x 10 cm, the radius of
e
metal atom is
ar
ar
ar
(A) 1.86 x 10 cm (B) 1.07 x 10 cm (C)3.2x 10 cm (D) 1.07x 10 cm
C
C
13. Which among the following statements is true about Schottky defect?
(A)In this regular cation is replaced by different cation.
(B) In this cation or anion moves from regular site to place between lattice site.
(C) Formation of metal alloy is example of this defect.
(D)In this defect cation and anion are lacking in stoichiometric proportion.
e
e
*14. Which among the following statements is NOT true about amorphous solids?
.
nc
c
A) Values of physical properties change 'with direction of measurement
en
en
(B) These are pseudo solids
ie
(C)These are super cooled liquids

ci
ci
Sc
D)These behave like fluids

S
S
S
er
er
15. In body-centred cubic cell the space occupied by constituent particles is
(A) 38% (B) 62% (C) 74% (D) 68%
e
e
ar
ar
ar
16. If the constituent particles of crystal lattice are of identical size then total particles present in
FCC type unit is equal to
C
C
(A)2 (B) 3 (C) 1 (D) 4
17. Arrange following type of unit cells according to their decreasing order of packing efficiency.
(A)bcc>fcc >simple cubic (B) fcc> bcc > simple cubic
(C) fcc> simple cubic > bcc (D) Simple cubic > bcc> fcc
18. Which among the following defects is observed in Brass?
ce
ce
ce
(A)Schottky (B) Substitution impurity

en
en
en
C) Interstitial impurity (D) Frenkel

MHT-CET 2020
i
i
Sc
Sc
Sc
19. Calculate the number of unit cells in 38.6 g of noble metal having density 19.3 g cm?
volume of one unit cell is 6.18 x 10 cm. and
r
r
ee
ee
(A)3.236 x 10 (B) 3.236x 1022 (C)6.180 x 103 (D)6.236 x 1020

e
20. Sodium crystallizes

in bcc structure with radius 1.86 cm.
ar
ar
ar
* 10 what is the length of unit

sodium? cell off
C
(A)5.26x 10 cm B) 3.272 x 10 cm (C)7.44x 10 cm (D)4.3 x 10 cm

ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
(88) MHT-CET Exam Questionss
C
cell?
percentage of void space in bec type of in unit D)68%
21. What is the (C)26%
(A)32% (B) 74%
an fec unit cell if mass of one atom of an

element is 6X 108
22. What is the mass of D)2.4 x 108
(B)24x 10"g (C)2.4 x 10" g
(A)4x 10g
e
ce
ce
is NOT a polar molecular
solid?
nc
23. Which among the following (D)SO2
en
en
(B) CH4 (C)HCI
(A)HS
ie
fcc crystal structure?
ci
ci
*24. What is the packing efficiency of
Sc
rS (C)74.0% (D)52.4%
rS
(A)68.04% (B)47.6%
present in 100 g of an element with fcc crystal
havine
ng
ee
ee
many number of unit cells are
25. How
e
density 10 g/cm' and edge length 100 pm?
(D)1 x1025
ar
ar
ar
1025 1025
(C)2 x
(A)4x 10 (B)3 x
C
C
in a fcc type of unit cel1, edge length is 0.3524 nm. Calculate the radius of
26. Nickel crystallizes
nickel atom.
(A)0.1624 nm (B)0.1426 nm (C) 0.2164 nm (D)0.1246 nm
27. An element crystallizes bcc type of unit cell, the density and edge length of unit cell is 4 g cm
e
e
and 500 pm respectively. What is the atomic mass of an element?
nc
c
(A)100.1 (B) 150.0 (C)125.5 (D)250.0m
en
en
ie
28. An element crystallizes in boc type having atomic radius 1.33x 10 cm, the edge length of unit
ci
ci
Sc
cell will be
S
(A)4.08 x 10 cm B) 2.17x 10 cm C)2.66 x 10 cm

S D)3.07 x 10 cm
er
er
29. What is the number of atoms present per unit cell of aluminium having edge length 4 AA?
e
e
(A)4
ar
ar
ar
(B) 1 (C)8 D)2
C
C
30. Lithium crystallizes into body centered cubic structure. What is the
radius of lithium if edge
length of it's unit cell is 351 pm?
(A)75.50 pm (B)240.80 pm (C)300.50 pm (D) 151.98 pm
* The edge length of fec type unit cell of copper having
31.
atomic radius 127.6 pm is equal to
(A)331 pm B)378 pm (C)295
ce
ce
ce
pmn
D)361 pm
32. An element crystallizes in fcc lattice with cell
edge 250 pm. Calculate the density
en
en
en
element. (At. Mass = 90.3) of an

(A)19.20 g cm
i
B)38.40 g cm
Sc
Sc
Sc
(C)48.40 g cm D)23.12 g cm
33. An element with density 2.8 g cm forms
r
fcc unit cell having edge

length 4 x 10 cm.
ee
ee
Calculate molar mass of the element.

e
(A)22.0 g mol (B)27.0 g mol (C) 33.0 g mol

ar
ar
ar
(D)36.0 gmol
34. Molar mass of an element is 60.22 g
C
mol. What is the mass of fec type

(A) 1.0 x 10 g unit cell of an element
(B) 4.0 x 10g (c) 2.0 x 10**g (D)4.0 x 10 g
*35, Aluminium crystallizes
in a face centred cubic structure,
the edge length of unit cel1? its atomic radius is 125
pm. What is
(A)335.5 pm (B) 288.6 pm (C)280 pm
ce
ce
ce
36. Sodium crystallizes (D)353.5 pm

in bcc structure with
unit cell. radius 1.86 x 10 cm. Calculate
en
en
en
the edge length o'

(A) 6.20 x 10 cm
(B) 4.29 x 10 cm
ci
ci
ci
(C)3.72 x 10 cm D) (D) 8.05

8.05x x 10 cm
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
Solid State (89)
C
37. An element orystallizes in bee type orystal structure with edge length of unit cell 300 pm.
Calculate radius of element.
1.299 x 10 CmT (B) 6.920x 10 cm
(C) 1.440 x 10 cm
bt 9 (D) 2.299 x 108 cm
38. What is the voluie of I mole of a orystalline solid having unit cll edge length 16 x 10* cm, if
e
ce
ce
its unit cell contains 24 molecules?
nc
(A) 159.3 cm mol (B) 404.0 cm mol
en
en
C) 102.7 cm' mol (D) 142.1 cm mol
ie
ci
ci
Sc
39. Dry ice is an example rS of
rS
(A) ionic solid (B) covalent solid
(C) metallic solid (D) molecular solid
ee
ee
e
40. The coordination mumber of the sphere in cubic close packed (ccp) structure is
ar
ar
ar
(A)8 B)4 (C)6 (D) 12
C
C
41. What is the coordination number of cation in ionic compound if the type of hole occupied by
cation is cubic?
(A)4 B)6 ineC)3 (D)8
42. Xenon crystallizes in foc lattice and the edge length of unit cell is 620 pm. What is the radius of
Xe atom?
(A) 536.9 pm B) 438.5 pm (C) 265.5 pm (D)219.2 pm
e
e
nc
c
43. A compound has fcc structure. If density of unit cell is 3.4 g cm", what is the edge length of
en
en
unit cell? (Molar mass 98.99)
ie
(A) 8.780 A (B) 6.083 A (C)7.783 Å D)5.783 A

ci
ci
Sc
44. A metallic element crystallizes in simple cubic lattice. If edge length of the unit cell is 3Å, with
S
S
density 8 g/cc, what is the number of unit cells in 108 g of the metal? (Molar mass of metal=
er
er
100 g/mol).
(A) 2x 1024 (B) 5 x103. (C) 2.7x 102 (D) 1.33 x 1020
e
e
ar
ar
ar
45. An element has a bcc struchure with cell edge of 288 pm, the density
What is the atomic mass of an element?
of element is 7.2 g c.
C
C
(A) 77.68 (B) 25.89 (C) 62.43 (D) 51.81
46. Silver crystallizes in fce structure, If edge length of unit cell is 316.5 pm, what is the radius of
silver atom?
(A) 121.91 pm B) 111.91 pm (C) 137.04 pm (D) 158.25 pm
47. An element crystallizes in a bcc lattice with cell edge of 500 pm. The density
of the element is
ce
ce
ce
7.5 g cm. How many atoms are present in 300 g of metal?

en
en
en
(A)3.2 x 10 atoms (B)6.4x10 atoms

C)1.6x 10 atoms (D)12.8 x 10 atoms
i
i
Sc
Sc
Sc
48. What is the coordination number of cation in 1onic compound if the type of hole occupied by
cation is octahedral?
r
r
ee
ee
(A)6 (B)3 teav(C) 8

D)4
e
49. Which among the following is an example of amorphous solid?

ar
ar
ar
(A)Diamond (B) Camphor (C) Glass (D)Magnesium

C
S. How much part of an atom occupies each corner of bcc unit cel1?
(A)1/8 (B) 1/4 (C)1/6 D) 1/2
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
C
51. What is the percentage of unoccupied space in fec unit cell?
(A)26% (B) 32% (C)68% D)74%" *rolp
52. An element crystallizes with bec stnucture with atomic radius 17.32 nm. What is the edgelength
le-
of unit cell?
(A) 33 nm (B)64 nm (C)29 nm (D) 40 nmn
e
ce
ce
nc
53. An element crystallizes in fec type of unit cell. The volume of one unit cell is 24.99 x 10-24
c
en
en
and density of the element is 7.2 g cm". Calculate the number of unit cells in 36 g of pure
ie
ci
ci
sample of element,
Sc
rS
rS
(A)2.0 x 10 (8)2.0x 10 (c)2.0x 10 (D)1.25x 1021
ee
ee
54. What is the mass of bcc type unit ell of sodium if mass of one atom of sodium
e
3.819 x 10g?
ar
ar
ar
(A)3.819x 10 g (B)7.038 x 10 g (C)1.5276x 107g (D)7.638 x 10g
C
C
*55. Which among the following is ferromagnetic in nature?
(A)Oxygen (B) Benzene
i4
(C) Water (D)ron 3
*56. Which among the following is NOT an amorphous solid?
(A)Tar (B) Camphor (C)Butter cK.
e
e
D)Rubber
nc
c
*57. Which of the following is ferromagnetic in nature?
en
en
(A)Gadolinium (B) Oxygen (C)Water
ie
(D)Benzene
ci
ci
Sc
58. Which among the following elements when added silicon forms
to P- type semiconductor?
S
(A) Sb (B) Bi (C) As

S D) B
er
er
59. Which among the following crystal structures the edge
length of unit cell is equal to twice the
e
e
radius of one atom?
ar
ar
ar
(A) End- centred orthorhombic (B) Simple cubic
C
C
C) Body centred cubic (D) Face centred cubic
60. Which is the number of atoms in 12.08
x 10* unit cells if an element crystallizes in bec
structure?
(A) 4.838 x 10" (B) 2.416x 1024 (C) 2.08 x 102 (D) 1.208 x 103
ce
ce
ce
61. Sodium crystallizes in bec type crystal

of lattice. If the edge length of unit
the radius of sodium atom? cell is 4.29 Å, what s
en
en
en
(A) 2.15 A B) 2.94 A (C)4.29 A D) 1.86 A

i
i
Sc
Sc
Sc
62. How many unit cells are present

in 1.00 cm° of aluminum crystal,
3.54 x 10cm? if edge length of unit cel
r
r
ee
ee
(A) 4.508 x 1022 (B) 6.022 x 1023 C) 1.126 x 1022

e
(D) 2.254 x 102

63 What is the density
ar
ar
ar
of iron crystal which crystallizes in body

length 287 pm? (At. mass of Fe = centred cubic structure with cos
56 amu)
C
(A) 7.87 g/cm (B) 6.07 g/cm (C)7.07 g/cm (D)6.87 g/cm
64. Which is the radius
of sodium atom if it crystallizes in bec structure
4.29 x 10Š cm? with edge length of unit c*
(A) 1.61 x
10 cm (B) 1.85 x 10 cm
ce
ce
ce
(C) 6.19 x 10 cm
(D) 2.30 x 10 cm
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
Solld State (91)
C
65. What is the mass of unit cell of gold ifit crystallises in fcc structure?
(At mass of gold = 197 g moll)
(A) 130.85x 10 g (B)98.14 x 10 g
(C)32.71 x 10g (D) 65.42 x 10 8
66. Gold crystallizes in fec structure with edge length 396 pm, find atomic radius of gold.
e
ce
ce
(A) 198 pm (B) 162 pm (C) 714 pmn (D) 140 pm
nc
en
en
67. Copper chloride crystallizes in to fcc type of crystal system. If density of unit cell is 3.4 g cm",
ie
the edge length of unit cell will be (Given At. Mass of Cu 63, Cl 36)
ci
ci
Sc
(A) 9.889 A (B) 7.426 A

rS (C) 5.783Å (D) 3.642 A
rS
68. An element crystallizes as simple cubic having cell edge length 5 A. What is the radius of atom
ee
ee
of an element?
e
(A) 261.5 pm (B) 176.8 pm (C) 216.5 pm D) 250.0 pm
ar
ar
ar
69. The edge length of bcc type of unit cell of an element is 400 pm. Calculate the density of unit
C
C
cell. (Molar mass of an element= 100 g
mol)
(A) 2.144 g cm (B) 10.378 g cm (C)7.289 g cm (D) 5.189g cm3
70. The number of atoms in 100 g of an fec crystal with density cm and unit cell edge length
10g
200 pm is equal to
(A) 1x 1024 (B)3x 1024 (C)2x10 D) 5x 1024
e
e
nc
c
71. What is the edge length of fcc type of unit cell having density
and atomic mass 6.22 g cm and
en
en
60 g respectively?
ie
(A) 6.83 x 10 cm ()4.0x 10 cm 3.47x 10 cm D) 8.0x 10 cm

ci
ci
Sc
72. A metallic element crystallizes to bcc type of crystal lattice,

having edge length of unit cell 5 A.
S
Calculate radius of its atom.

S
er
er
(A)250.0 pm (B) 176.8 pm (C)261.5 pm D)216.5 pm
e
e
73. An element (atomic mass = 100 g/mol) having bcc structure has unit cell edge
ar
ar
ar
the density of the element? 400 pm. What is
(A) 2.144 gcm
C
C
(B) 10.376 g'cm (C) 7.289 g/cm D) 5.188 g/cm
74. A metallic element has a cubic lattice with edge length
of unit cell 2 A. Calculate the
unit cells in 200 g of the metal, if density of metal is 2.5 g cm*? number of
(A) 10.0x 1025 (B) 6.25 x 105 (C) 6.40 x 103
D) 1.0x 1025
75. The radius of a sphere in simple cubic lattice
is 3 nm. What will be the edge
length of an unit
ce
ce
ce
cell?
(A) 9x 10m (B) 6 x 10m (C)3x 10m D) 1.S x 10m
en
en
en
76. Silver crystallizes in face centred cubic structure, if radius of silver

the atom is 144.5 pm. What is
edge length of unit cell?
i
i
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A)408.6 pm (B) 289,0 pm (C)428.6pm1tvaoD)333.7 pm

77. Mass of unit cell
r
of an element is 415 x 10 g. If edge length of unit

ee
ee
what is the density of element?2 cell is 3.50 x 103 cm.

Cm,
e
A) 7.32 g/cm (B)9.67 g/cm (C)1.18 g/cm

ar
ar
ar
(D)4.67 g/cm
*78. Metallic element crystallizes FCC type
C
crystal lattice. What is the radius

of its unit cell is 405 pm? of atom if edge length
(A)113.2 pm (B) 143.2 pm (C)175.3 pm
D)202.5 pm
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
C
ce
79. An element crystallizes in bcc type of crystal lattice having 'edge length of unit el
sY 3A
4.4x 10 cm. What is the radius of atom of an element? cm
(A) 2.22 x 10 cm (B) 3.72 x 10 cm (C)4.72 x 10 cm (D)1.905 x 10
80. Atoms of elements A and B crystallize in hcp lattice to form a molecule.
Element A occupy 2
e
ce
ce
of tetrahedral voids, the formula of molecule is
nc
C) AB (D) AzB3
en
en
(A) AB (B) AB2
ie
cubic structure. If atomic mass of gold is 197g mol, the mas

face centred
ci
ci
81. Gold crystallizes in
Sc
of unit cel of gold is

rS
rS
(B) 3.25 x 10 kg (C) 1.3 x 10 kg (D) 3.9x 107 kg
(A) 6.5 x 102 kg
ee
ee
thé unit cell is 4.07 x 10 cm ánd densih
sity
82. An element crystallizes in fec lattice. If edge length of
e
ar
ar
ar
is 10.5 g cm". Calculate the atomic mass of element.
(B)10.66 g mol (C)64.33 gmol (D) 106.6 g mol
C
C
(A)67.41 g mol
atom is 127.8 pm, calculate the
*83. Copper crystallises with fcc unit cell. If the radius of copper
density of copper? (At. mass: Cu =63.55 g mol)
(A)9.5 g cm (B) 1.89 g cm- (C)4.4 g cm3 (D)8.9 g cm3 (A
Ay
84. Fullerene is an example of S327) 7 nyte 10 tit ti
e
e
(B) Molecular solid (C) lonic Solid (D) Metallic solid
nc
c
(A) Covalent solid
en
en
85. The mass of fcc type unit cell of copper is 419 x 104 gWhat is the mass of one atom of copper?
ie
1
(B) 2.09 x 10 g atom
ci
ci
(A) 1.047x 10g atom
Sc
(C)1.048 x 10g atomn (D) 4.19x 10g atom

S
S
er
er
86. Which among the following types of unit cells has bond angle equal to 120° between edges 'a'
e
e
and 'b'?
ar
ar
ar
(A) Tetragonal (B) Hexagonl (C) Orthothombic D)Monoclinic i3
C
C
87. Copper crystallizes as face centered cubic lattice, with edge length of unit cell 361 pm.
i d Calculate the radius of copper atom.
(A)108.6 pm (B) 127.6 pm C)157.6 pm D)181.6 pm
88. An element crystallizes in bcc structure. The number of unit cells of an element
in 4 g of it is
1ori(Given: At mass=40)
ce
ce
ce
(A)2x0.1 NA (B)0.2xNA 0.1xNA

(C) D)0.1 NA
en
en
en
*89. Aluminium crystallizes in face centred cubic structure,

2 {A)
having atomic radius 125 pm. The edge
i
i
Sc
Sc
Sc
length of the unit cell of aluminium is

(A)250.0 pm (B)353.5 pm pm
()465.0 (D)253.5 pm
r
r
ee
ee
*90. Which among the following is NOT paramagnetic

in nature?
e
(A)Benzene B) Fe* C)Cu2

ar
ar
ar
D)Oxygen
91. Which of the following formulae is
used to find edge length of bcc unit cell?
C
0(A
(A) (B) 3
(C) D) 8r ceulv
92. Bcc type of crystal lattice
contains 1.208 x 10" unit cells. are
present in these unit cells ? How many atoms of the element
(A) 6.04x 1023
ce
ce
ce
(B) 3.618x 1023

(C)1.208 x
*93. The edge length 10 (D) 2.416x 103
of fcc unit cell of xenon is
en
en
en
(A) 235.16 pm 620 pm. What is the radius of Xe

(6) 189.37 pm atom?
(C) 209.87 pm
ci
ci
ci
(D) 219.23 pm
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
Solid State (93)
C
94. How many lithium atoms are present in a unit cell with edge length 3.5 Å and density
0.53 gcm(At mass of Li = 694)
(A) one atom (B) four atoms (C) two atoms (D)six atoms
95. The edge length of bcc type of unit cell of metal is 5 Å. What is the radius of metal atom if it's
density is 2 glcc ?
e
ce
ce
(A) 246.5 pm (B) 232.5 pm ()176.8pm (D) 216.5 pm
nc
en
en
ie
SOLUTIONS
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
1. (A)
Si and Ge are semiconductors which are bad conductors of electricity at room temperature but a
ee
ee
conductor at high temperature. Hence, Si and Ge are semiconductors.
e
ar
ar
ar
2. (D)
mass of metal
C
C
Number of unit cells=
mass of one unit cell
Given, edge length of unit cell = 2Å=2x 10 cm
Mass of metal= 200 g, Density of metal = 2.5 g cm
Volume of unit cell = (edge length) = (2x 10% = 8 x 102 cm
Mass of one unit cell = volume x density = 8 x 10x 2.5 =20 x 107
e
e
Number of unit cells in 200 g metal=
mass of metal 200
*10x10*=1.0 105 x
nc
c
mass of one unit cell 20x1024
en
en
ie
3. (C)
ci
ci
Sc
For fec cell, n =4

S
Edge length, a= 404 pm = 4:04 x 10 cm

S
er
er
Density of metal, d =2.72 g cm
NA= 6.02 x 10 mol
e
e
ar
ar
ar
Molar mass of the metal, M = ?
Weknow that density, nxM
C
C
P).N
NA 2.72x(4.04x108 x6.02x1023
M = P:a = 27 g mol
4. (B)
ChromiumaV)oxide i.e. CrO exhibit very strong magnetic property. It can be permanently
ce
ce
ce
magnetised. It contains large number of unpaired electrons.

en
en
en
5. (C)
1
i
Volume occupied by face centred cubic unit cell is

Sc
Sc
Sc
6. (D)
r
Carbon dioxide is a non-polar solid.

ee
ee
7. (A)
ar
ar
ar
NaC1, KC1, CsCI show Schottky defect.

C
8. (C)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
C
9. D)
Crystal of isomorphous substances is almost identical. They have similar chemical formulae
and
polarizability i.e. ratio of anion and cation radii are generally comparable.
10.(D)
e
ce
ce
nc
Volume occupied in simple cubic cell = 52.4%
en
en
:. Volume remains unoccupied =47.6%
ie
ci
ci
Sc
11. (A) rS
rS
12. (A)
ee
ee
Af
ForBCC,a
e
ar
ar
ar
_av3429x10 xS=1.86 x10 cm
C
C
4 4
13. (D)
The defect produces due to vacancies caused by absence of anions and cations in the crysti
lattice is called as Schottky defect.
14.(A)
e
e
15. (D) 16. (D) 17.(B) 18. (B) 10
nc
c
19.(B)
en
en
ie
Vol. of metal
Mass 38.6g 2 cm
ci
ci
=
Sc
Density 19.3g cm
S
S
Total vol. of metal
er
er
No. of unit cells in 38.6 g of noble metal =
Vol of one unit cell
e
e
cm
ar
ar
ar
2 = 3.236 x 10
glb
6.18x10" cm
C
C
20. (D)
r1.86 x 10 cmn
a =?
For bcc structure, r
ce
ce
ce
=
en
en
en
3a =4r
4r4x1.86x10* cm
i
= 4.3 x 10 cm
Sc
Sc
Sc
a a
r
21. (A)
ee
ee
Packing efficiency in bcc type of unit cell = 68%.

ar
ar
ar
Unoccupied volume or void space in bec type of unit cell is about 32 %.

C
22. (D)
In FCC, No. of atoms per unit cell = 4
Mass of unit cell Mass of 4 atoms = 4 x 6x 10 g
24x 10g=24x 108
ce
ce
ce
23. (B)
en
en
en
In CH4, there is no separation of positive and negative

charges.
24. (C)
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
32SolidState (95)
C
25. (D)
Vol. of unit cell= (100 pm = (100x 10-10 cm)'
10 cm
Vol. of 100 g of an element Mass 100g = 10 cm
Density 10g cm
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
No. of unit cells in 100 g of an element= Total volume
ie
Volume of one unit cell
ci
ci
10cm
Sc
X 10 unit cells.
rS
rS
10-2 cm3
26. (D)
ee
ee
For a fcc type of unit cell,
e
a 0.3524 nm
ar
ar
ar
22 2.828
=0.1246 nm 9 t E.0) 2sC: u
C
C
27. (B)
In bcc, n =2, p =4 g cm C:.0
a 500 pm= 500 x 10 cm=5x 10 cm
. Volume of unit cel, a = (5 x 10 cm) = 125 x 102* cm
e
e
Now, M = Pxa XNA4x125x104
x6.022x103
150.5 g mol
nc
c
2
en
en
28. D)
ie
ci
ci
Sc
For bcc crystal, 3

S
S
4T4x1.33x10* cm
er
er
a
1.732
e
e
ar
ar
ar
=3.07 x 10 cm.
29. (A)
C
C
a 4A = 4x 10* cm, p = 2.7 g cm",
M =27, n=?
n = pxaXN 2.7x(4x10> x6.022x10 =

3.85= 401
M 27
ce
ce
ce
30. (D)
For bcc unit cell,
en
en
en
3a3x551 -151.38pm
i
4
Sc
Sc
Sc
31. (D)
r
For fec type unit cell

ee
ee
r{2/2) 127.6 (2/2)=360.85 361 pm

5 22 a =
ar
ar
ar
32. (B)
C
a 250 pm = 2.5 x 107 cm

M=90.3 g mol, n= 4 (for fec cell)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
C
nxM 4x90.3
p
P (2.5x10%'x6.022x1023
axN
p38.40 g cm
33. (B)
e
ce
ce
cm, a-4 x 10 cm,
nc
p 2.8 g
en
en
n=4 (for fcc), M=7
ie
nxM pxa"xN
ci
ci
M
Sc
P xN
rS
rS
2.8x(4x10x6.022x1026.97 =27 g mol
ee
ee
e
4
ar
ar
ar
34. (B)
C
C
Molar mass 60.22 g mol contains 6.022 x 10 particles
. Xgofelement contains 4 particles (FCC)
. x =
60.22x4
46.022x103 = 40x 10"= 4.0x 10"g
e
e
35 (D)
nc
c
en
en
For fcc unit cell, r
ie
ci
ci
Sc
r(2/2) =
125(2/2) =353.5 pm
S
a= S
(d
er
er
36. (B)
e
e
ar
ar
ar
For bcc unit cell, r=Y
C
C
a 4x1.86x10 Cm=
1.732
4.29 x 10 cm
37. (A)
a- 300 pm = 3x 10 cm
ce
ce
ce
For bcc unit cell, r = Y3 a

en
en
en
cmn
i
1.732x3x10*
Sc
Sc
Sc
= 1.299x 10 cm
4
r
r
ee
ee
38. (C)
e
a- 16x 107 cm
ar
ar
ar
Volume of one unit cell = a (16x 10

C
4096 x 10* cm
Volume of 24 molecules
4096x 10 cm
Volume of 1 molecule 4096x104 cm
170.67 x 10
24
Volume of 1 mole of a crystalline solid
ce
ce
ce
170.67 x 102 x 6.022 x 1023

en
en
en
1027.77x 10 = 102.7 cm mol

39. (D) 40.D) 41. (D)
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
72Solld State (97)
C
2 2
42. (D)
a 620 pm
For fcc unit cell, r=

22
e
ce
ce
620 =219.2 pm
nc
2x1.414
en
en
ie
43. (D)
n 4,p 3.4 g cm, M=98.99,
ci
ci
a=?
Sc
a =nXM 4x98.99
rS
rS
pxN 3.4x6.022x103
ee
ee
cm
a 193.4x 10-24
e
a =5.783 x 10* cm
ar
ar
ar
a = 5.783 A
C
C
44. (B)
a 3 Å = 3x 10 cm
Volume of the unit cell (a*) = (3x 105 cm =27x 102 cm
Mass of unit cell =27x 104 cm'x8 g cm 325
216x 10 g
216x 10g=1 unit cell
e
e
t
nc
c
108 g 108 5x 10" unit cells.
en
en
6x10-4
216
ie
45.D)
ci
ci
Sc
a288 pm= 2.88 x 10 cm

S
.a=(2.88 x 10 cm = 2.39 x 1023 cm

S (
er
er
p 7.2 g cm", n= 2 (for bec cell)
e
e
M - Pxa'xN7.2x2.39 x103 x6.022x103 51.81g19i
ar
ar
ar
to ee
46. (B)
2E
C
C
a=316.5 pm
For fcc unit cell, r
316.5 pm= 111.91

pm
ce
ce
ce
2x1.414
47.(B)
a
en
en
en
500 pm = 5x 10Š cm
a= 7.5(5xg cm,cm)"m=300 g,n=2
10 x 10-4 cm
= 125
i
i
Sc
Sc
Sc
P (for bec cel)

nM = DxaxN,
P
M
r
a'NA
ee
ee
M = 7.5X125x10" x6.022x102 ae
ar
ar
ar
282.3 g mol
2
C
282.3 g of metal contains 6.022 x 10 atoms
300 g of metal contains 6.022x10U-6.399 x 10 atoms 6.4 x 104" atoms

282.3
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
C
48. (A)
The coordination number of an octahedral void is 6.
49. (C)
50. (A)
e
ce
ce
nc
51. (A)
en
en
For foc unit cell, Packing efficiency = 74 %
ie
Unoccupied space = 26 %
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
52. (D)
For BCC,
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
C
C
17.32-0.4330 x a
17.32-40
0.433
53. (C)
,
Mass
368=5 cm
e
e
Vol. of element-
cm
nc
c
Density 7.2g
en
en
Total Vol of element
ie
No. of unit cells in 36 g of pure sample of element

ci
ci
Vol.of one unit cell 2
Sc
S 5 cm
er
er
2.0 x 10
24.99x10" cm
e
e
54. (D)
ar
ar
ar
No. of atoms per bce type of unit cell, n =2
C
C
Mass of bcc unit cell = Mass of two atoms
Mass of bee unit cell ofNa = 3.819x 10 x2
7.638 x 10g
55. D)
ce
ce
ce
O2-Paramagnetic
en
en
en
Benzene, water- Diamagnetic

Fe- Ferromagnetic
i
i
Sc
Sc
Sc
56. (B)
r
r
ee
ee
57.(A)
e
Gadolinium - ferromagnetic
ar
ar
ar
Oxygen-Paramagnetic
C
Water, Benzene - Diamagnetic

58. (D)
mall
When a trivalent impurity (B, Ga, In, Al) are added to a pure semiconductor (Si, Ge) in a sn
amount results in p-type semiconductor.
ce
ce
ce
59. (B)
In a simple cubic lattice, edge length (a) = 2r
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
G Solld State (99)
C
60. (B)
In bec, each unit cell has 2 atoms.
No. of atoms
No. of unit cells
No. of atoms per unit cell
12.08 1023 x No.of atoms
e
ce
ce
2
nc
1023
24.16x No. of atoms= 2.416 x 1024
en
en
ie
61. (D)
ci
ci
Sc
For bec structure, 4r =

rS 3 a
rS
Xa-Lx4.29-1.857 -1.86 A
,
ee
ee
4
e
62.(D)
ar
ar
ar
a -3.54 x 10 cm
a=
C
C
(3.54x10* = 4.436 x 10-2 cm
Aluminium
No. of unit cells=ol. of 1 1 cm cm 2.254 x 1022
Vol.of unit cell 4.436x10
63.(A)
nxM
e
e
Density= N xa*
nc
c
en
en
a 287x 10 m=287 x 10cm
ie
ci
ci
ForBCC, n=2
Sc
P
2x56 112 S
er
er
6.022x10x(287x10-0 1.423x10 x107
112= 14.23
2 =7.87 g/cm
e
e
ar
ar
ar
1.423x10
C
C
64. (B)
In BCC structure,
4r = 3 a
1.732x4.29x10 = 1.85 x 10 cm
4
ce
ce
ce
65. (A)
Mass of 1 mole of Gold atoms = 197 g/mol (6.022 x 10" atoms)
en
en
en
197
Mass of 1 atom of gold=.
6.022x10
i
i
Sc
Sc
Sc
FCC cell has 4 atoms.

197
r
=. 1.3085 x 104' g
6.022x10"x4
So mass of gold in unit cell 102
ee
ee
= 130.85 x g
e
ar
ar
ar
66. (D)
In fcc structure
C
4r 2 a
1.414X396 = 139.98 140 pm
4
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
C
67.(C)
Density (d) = nXM
axN
3.4
4x99 [CuCl 63 + 36 99]
3*ax6.02x10
e
ce
ce
nc
396
a 3.4x6.022x10"
en
en
ie
a-193.47 x 10
ci
ci
c).5o
Sc
-
5.78 x 10 cm
rS
rS
Edge length (a) = 5.78 A
ee
ee
68. (D)
e
ar
ar
ar
simple cubic unit cell; edge length (a) = 2r
Edge length (a) = 5 A = 500 pm
C
C
pm
r= =
=250
69. (D)
Edge length of bec type cell=400 pm
e
e
A= 100 g mol
nc
c
Density (p) nxM 2x100
en
en
xNA (400x10-0' x6.022x1023
ie
ci
ci
200
Sc
g/cm
64x10x6.022x 5.189
S
S
er
er
70.D) 701
e
e
Density nxM
ar
ar
ar
xNo
C
C
10 = 4xM
(200x1012)* x6x103
x6x103 (8).
M = 0X8X10° = 12 g/mol
.
ce
ce
ce
g 6x103 x100
.100 willcontain = 50 x10=5x 10% atoms
en
en
en
12
i
71. (B)
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A
Density=XM
Density
r
axN
ee
ee
ito025V.
e
ar
ar
ar
6.22 4x60
C
ax6.023x103
240 2400 .
6.22x6.023x103 6.22x6.023x10*
a' 64.06 x 1024
ce
ce
ce
a 4 x 10° cm
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
fa Solld State (101)
C
72. (D)
ForBCC, V3a = 4r
3x5x10-0
4
e
ce
ce
2.165 x 10-=r
nc
r-216.5 x 10m=216.5 pm
en
en
ie
73.(D)
ci
ci
nxM
Sc
Density p
N
rS
rS
For bec; n= 2 Fiuosin.t
ee
ee
2x100 200
64X6.022x10-T.l88g/cm3
e
(400x10-10y x6.022x10
ar
ar
ar
14.(D)
C
C
Number of unit cells in 200 g of the metal 200
2.5(2x10cm)*
200 200 1025
2.5x8x10* X10=1.0x
20
e
e
75.(B).
nc
c
For simple cubic lattice,
en
en
r a=2r
ie
ci
ci
Sc
r3 nm
S
a 2(3) = 6 nm = 6x 10 m
S
er
er
76.(A)
e
e
2a
ar
ar
ar
ForFCC,r =
0.3535 a
C
C
144.5 0.3535 a
a = 408.7 pm T
77.(B)
Density Mass of unit cell

Volume of unit cell i.e.a'
ce
ce
ce
415x10-24 415x1024
en
en
en
= 9.67 g/cm
(3.5x10 ) 42.875x10-24
78.(B)
i
i
Sc
Sc
Sc
For FCC,
r
= 0.3535 x a =0.3535 x 405 143.167 pm

ee
ee
79.(D)
ar
ar
ar
For bcc crystal,

C
r= =0433 xa=0433x4.4 x 10=1.905 x 103

ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
a(102) MHT-CET Exam Questions
C
80. (C)
each atom. Since A occupy tetrahedral voi.
oids,
There are two tetrahedral voids associated with
the ratio of A and B is,
2A B
2x 1
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
ie
4:3
ci
ci
Sc
Ratio of A: B = 4:3 rS
rS
Formula of molecule is AqBs
ee
ee
81. (C)
e
Since, 197g of gold = 6.022 x 10 particles
ar
ar
ar
gof FCC Crystal of gold a4 particles
C
C
XX 197x4 = 130.8 x 10 "g-0.1308 x 103 kg=1.3 x 10 kg
6.022x103
82. (D)
nM
a'N
e
e
nc
c
4xM
10.5
e
en
en
(4.07x103)'x6.022x103
ie
426.29
ci
ci
M=106.57 g mol
Sc
=
S
S
er
er
83.(D)
e
e
P nM
ar
ar
ar
aN
C
C
4r
4x1.278>x10 cm
2
cmn
= 3.615x 10
ce
ce
ce
a=47.25 x 10" cm
en
en
en
4x63.55 254.2
47.25x10*x6.022x10" 8.934 gcm
28.45
i
i
Sc
Sc
Sc
84. (A)
r
r
ee
ee
85. (C) 8
e
Since it is FCC type unit cell, n=4

ar
ar
ar
. Mass of one atom of Cu

419x1024
419XIO=
= 1.0475 x 10g atom
C
4
86. (B)
Hexagonal types of unit cells has bond angle equal to 120° between edges 'a' and
'b'.
87. (B)
r
ce
ce
ce
For FCC crystal, x361 127.6 pm

en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
Solld State (103)
ar
ar
ar
88. (C)
C
4xNAparticles
ar4 gof metal contains
40
=0.1x NA particles.
For bcc crystal, n = 2
2 particles= unit cell
1
e
ce
ce
xNa particles 0.1xN
nc
0.1 unit cells.
en
en
2
ie
89. (B)
ci
ci
Sc
-
x125 353.6 pm.
rS
rS
For FCC, a
1414
ee
ee
90. (A)
e
Benzene is diamagnetic while others are paramagnetic in nature.
ar
ar
ar
91. (A)
C
C
Relation between edge length (a) and radius () in BCC is given by-
a 4r ihi
92. D)
Crystal lattice contains= 1.208 x 10
e
e
unit cels.
:
nc
c
Type of crystal is BCC=n=2
en
en
No. of atoms presentin BCC unit cells tu
ie
siiee
= 2x1.208 x 10 = 2.416 x 102 atoms 0.intet4 .2 biide t

ci
ci
Sc
93. (D) S
For FCC unit cell,
er
er
-x620-219.20
e
e
pm
ar
ar
ar
94. (C)
C
C
P
nM
Na
n - PNa-0.53x6.022x10° x(3.5x10
M 6.94
25.81x0.5313.68 1.97
ce
ce
ce
n 3 2
6.94 6.94
en
en
en
n 2
For BCC crystal structure,
i
i
Sc
Sc
Sc
r a = xs00pm 0.433 x S00 pm= 216.5 pm

r
r
ee
ee
95. D)
e
ar
ar
ar
C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
C
C
2. Solutions
Solutions are the mixture of two or more components. Depending on the sizes or ne particles
components of the solution, the mixtures are classified into three types o
e
ce
ce
1. A coarse mixture
nc
2. A colloidal dispersion
en
en
3. A true solution
ie
ci
ci
Homogenous solution: e.g. a solution of NaCl or sugar
Sc
rS
rS
Heterogenous solution: e.g. a colloidal solution of starch
ee
ee
Different Types of Solutions:
e
Gaseous solution:
ar
ar
ar
i. Gas in gas e.g. air.
C
C
ii. Liquid in gas e.g. CHClh mixed with N2 gas
ii. Solid in gas. e.g. fumes, smoke
.Liquid Solution:
i. Gas in liquid e.g. CO2 in water
ii. Liquid in liquid e.g. Alcohol in water
e
e
i. Solid in liquid e.g. NaCl or sugar in water
nc
c
en
en
Solid Solution:
ie
i. Gas in Solid e.g. H2 gas in palladium metal

ci
ci
Sc
ii. Liquid in solid e.g. sodium amalgamil

S
ii. Solid in solid e.g. Metal alloys such as brass, bronze

S
er
er
Solubility of Gases in Liquids
e
e
Henry's law : The solubility of a gas in a liquid at constant temperature is proportional to the
ar
ar
ar
pressure of the gas above the solution.
C
C
SacP or S=K# xP
Where, S = Solubility of a gas in mol dm
P Pressure in bar
KH= Henry's law constant
Colligative Properties:
ce
ce
ce
The property of a solution which depends on the total number

of particles of the solute
en
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en
molecules, ions) present in the solution and does not depend on

the nature or chemica
composition of solute particles is called çolligative property
of the solution. e.g. (a) lowering or
i
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relative lowering of vapour pressure of a solution (6) elevation

depression in the freezing point (d) osmotic pressure. in the boiling point (C)
r
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ee
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i. Lowering of Vapour Pressure

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Vapour pressure: The pressure exerted by the

vapor of a liquid when it 1s
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equilibrium with the liquid phase at a constant

temperature is called the vapour pressu
C
of the liquid.
Lowering of vapour pressure AP:
Raoult's law: PsolnxjPo;
Po= vapour pressure of pure solvent
X1 mole fraction ofcomponent in
the solution
Po-P-
WM
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ce
WMa
Thus, the relative lowering
en
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of vapour pressure is equal to the mole

fraction of the sO
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r
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Solutions (105)
ii. Elevation of Boiling Point
C
a
Theelevation in the boiling point of solution is defined as the difference between the
boiling point of the solution and the pure solvent at a given pressure
e.g. If To and T are the boiling points of a pure solvent and a solution, then the elevation in
boiling point, AT,=T-To
ATb =
Kb.m
Where, K= Ebullioscopic constant, m = molality
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KxX1000
.
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=
ATb
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WxM
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Units of K Kkg mol
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rS
rS
ii. Depression of Freezing Point
The depression in the freezing point of a solution is defined as the difference between the
ee
ee
freezing points of a pure solvent and that of the solution.
e
ATf To-T (T< To)
ar
ar
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AT =
K. m
C
C
Where, Kf Cryoscopic constant, m = molality
K^xWX1000
AT= Wx
M2
Units ofKr= K kg mol- 2 i
iv. Osmotic Pressure

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The solutions having same osmotic pressure are called isotonic
nc
c
Isotonic Solutions :
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en
solutions.
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TC1 MRT, T2= M2RT

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Since T1 T2, M1= M2

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S
er
er
V V2
7
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If the solutes are present in equal volumes of the solutions, then,
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VI V2
C
C
n n2
Hence isotonic solutions at same temperature and having equal volumes, the number
moles or number of molecules of two solutes must be equal.
Hypotonic Solution : Among two solutions, one having a lower osmotic pressure is said
M2 then, M1 < M2 or
to be hypotonic to another. Hence if concentrations are Mi and
ce
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1n< D2
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Hypertonic Solution: Among two solutions, one having higher osmotic pressures is
i
Hence, M1> M2 or n> n2.

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saidto be hypertonic to another.

r
Osmotic Pressure and Concentration of Solution

ee
ee
MRT (Where, M = Molarity)

ar
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t
WRT (Where, W2= Mass of solute, Ma = Molar mass of solute)
RT
C
T
MV
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en
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r
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ee
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C
MHT-CET 2004
1. The freezing point ofa 0.05 molal solution ofa non-electrolyte in water is
e
ce
ce
(A)-0.093°C (B) 1.86°C (C)0.93°C (D)0.093°C
nc
en
en
MHT-CET 2006
ie
ci
ci
2. What is the amount of urea dissolved per litre, if aqueous solution is isotoníc with 10%
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ne
Cane
sugar solution (mol. wt.. of urea = 60)?
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(A)200 g/L (B)19.2 gL (C)17.54 gL (D)16.7 g/L
ee
ee
MHT-CET 2007
e
e. 998 1 u
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3. Which of the following is not a colligative property?
C
C
(A)Elevation in boiling point (B)Lowering of vapour pressure
(C)Osmotic pressure (D)Freezing point
MHT-CET 2008
4. Maximum depression in freezing point is caused by
(A)potassium chloride (B) sodium sulphate
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e
(C) magnesium sulphate 131i
nc
c
(D)magnesium carbonate
en
en
MHT-CET 2010
ie
ci
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5. Dissolution of 1.5 g of a non-volatile solute (mol. wt. = 60) in 250 g of a solvent reduces its freezing
Sc
S
point by 0.01°C. Find the molal depression constant of the solvent.
er
er
(A)0.01 (B)0.001 C)0.0001 (D)0.1
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21:t
MHT-CET 2015
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6. If M, W and V represent molar mass of solute, mass of solute
C
C
and volume of solution in litres
respectively, which among following equations is true?
MWR WR
(A) T=-
TV
(B) T- wy (C)= D) T=-TRV
VM WM
*7.
.
van't. Hoff factor of centimolal solution of K3[Fe(CN)6] is
3.333. Calculate the percent
ce
ce
ce
dissociation of Ka[Fe(CN)%].
(A)33.33 Aa 1
(B)0.78 (C)78
en
en
en
(D) 23.33
MHT-CET 2016
i
i
Sc
Sc
Sc
8. Identify the compound amongst the

following of which 0.1 M aqueous solution
boiling point. has highest
r
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ee
ee
(A) Glucose (B) Sodium chloride (C) Calcium chloride

(D) Ferric chloride
e
9. The relation between solubility

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of a gas in liquid at constant temperature and external pressure

stated by which law? is
C
(A)Raoult's law
(B) van't Hoff Boyle's law
(C)van't Hoff Charles' law
(D)Henry's law
MHT-CET 2017
1
10. Soubility of which
among the following solids in water changes
ce
ce
ce
(A) KNO slightly with temperature

(B) NaNOj (C) KBr D) NaBr
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en
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r
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ee
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Solutions (107)
C
11. The osmotic pressure of solution containing 34.2 g of cane sugar (molar mass =342 g mol") in
1L of solution at 20° is (Given, R = 0.082 L atm K molr)
C
(A)2.40 atm (B)3.6 atm (C)24 atm (D)0.0024 atm
12.For which among the following equimolar aqueous solutions.van't Hoff factor has the lowest
value?
(A)Aluminium chloride
e
ce
ce
(B) Potassium sulphate
(C) Ammonium chloride
nc
(D)Urea
en
en
MHT-CET 2018 ti
ie
ci
ci
13. The correct relation
Sc
between elevation of boiling point and molar mass of solute is

rS
rS
W2
A)Ma=h. (B)Ma= K,.W (C)M- T,K (D)M A,
AT.W AT.W2
ee
ee
W.W2 K.W2
e
MHT-CET 2019
ar
ar
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*14. Calculate van't Hoff factor for 0.2 maqueous solution of KCIwhich freezes at -0.680°C.
C
C
(K =1.86 Kkg mol')
(A) 1.86 (B) 6.8 2 (C)3.72 D) 1.83
15. 'Ku' is Henry's constant and has the
unit
(A) atm mol dm (B) mol dmatm (C) atm mol dmD) mol dm' atm
16. Which of the following sets of components form homogeneous
e
e
mixture?
(A)Silver chloride + Water
nc
c
(B) Sugar+Benzene 12:l.
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en
(C)Ethyl alcohol+ Water (D) Phenol+ Watertit70b
ie
*17. If the van't Hoff factor for 0.1M Ba(NOs)2 solution is

ci
ci
2.74, the degree of dissociation is
Sc
(A)0.91 (B)0.87 (C)0.74 (D) 87

S
18.9 gram anhydrous oxalic acid (Mol. Wt = 90) was dissolved in 9.9 moles
S
er
er
of water. If vapour
pressure of pure water is Pi, the vapour pressure of solution is
e
e
(A) 1.1P B)0.99P° (C) 0.90P D) 0.1P°
ar
ar
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19. Which of the following sets of solutions of urea (mol. mass. 60 g mol ) and sucrose (mol.
C
C
342 g mol) is isotonic?
mass.
(A)3.0 gL" urea and 17.1 gL sucrose (B)3.0 gL urea and 3.0 gLsucrose
(C)9.1 gL urea and6.0 gL sucrose (D)6.0 gL urea and 9.0 gL sucrose
20. Relationship between vant Hoff factor () and degree of dissociation
(a) is
A) a i a=
ce
ce
ce
n-1
(B) i= (C)i= (D)
n-1 n-1
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4l. 18
gram glucose (Molar mass 180) is dissolved in 100 ml of water at 300 K.
Latm mol K", what is the osmotic pressure of solution? If R = 0.0821
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Sc
Sc
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(A) 2.463 atm (B) 8.21 atm (C) 24.63 atm (D) 0.821 atm
44 elevation in boiling point of 0.25 molal aqueous solution of a substance is
The
r
(K 0.52Kkg mol)
ee
ee
,
(A)0.13 K
e
B)2.08 K (C)0.50 K D)0.15 K

ar
ar
ar
Kelation between depression of freezing point and molar mass of the solute is
C
(A)AT= M,W (B)M,=KW_ W2

KW2 aT W2
C)AT
M2W (D)M=AT,W
KW
ce
ce
ce
en
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en
ci
ci
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r
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ee
ee
e
ar
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C
among the followings.
24. Identify the colligative property
(A) Boiling point of a solvent (B) Vapour pressure of a solvent
(C) Freezing point ofa solvent
(D) Osmotic pressure of a solution
sucrose in its 1L solution which is isotonic with 6.6 g Lof urea?
2t
25. What is the mass of

e
ce
ce
(Atomicmass: H 1,C= 12, N = 14, 0 - 16)
nc
(A) 37.62 g (B) 30.1 g (C)68.2 8 (D) 34.2 g A
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26. Which of the following solutes has highest value in its 0.05 molal aqueous solution?
ci
ci
Sc
rS m
rS
(A)Potassium sulphate (B) Gluco0se
(D) Aluminium chloride
ee
ee
(C) Ammonium chloride
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MHT-CET 2020
C
C
1a)-71
27. Which of the following statement is NOT correct about solution?
(A)True solution is a heterogenous mixture of two or more substances with fixed composition
(B) The three states of matter solid, liquid and gas may play the role of either solute or solvent
(C)The compònent of solution which constitute smaller part is called solute 3.14P
D)When water is solvent, the process of solvation is known as hydration A
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e
nc
c
28. Which of the following changes will cause increase in vapour pressure of l molal aqueous K
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ie
solution at same temperature?

ci
ci
(A)addition of 0.1 molal solution of NaCl
Sc
(B) addition of 1 molal KI solution

S
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er
(C) addition of water
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e
(D) addition of 0.5 molal solution ofNa,SO4
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29. Which of the following pairs of solution is isotonic?
C
C
(Molarmass: urea= 60, suerose =342 g mol)
(A)0.3 gL urea and 17.19 gL" sucrose(8)3.0 gLurea and 17.19 gL" sucrose
(C)3.0 gL urea and 1.719 gL sucrose D)30 gL urea and 17.19 gLsucrose
30. According to Raoult's law, relative lowering of vapour pressure for a solution containing a nor
ce
ce
ce
volatile solute is equalto

B)mole fraction of solute
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en
(A)moles of solute
(C)moles of solvent D)mole fraction of solvent
i
i
Sc
Sc
Sc
31. The Henry's law constant for oxygen is 1.3 x 10 mol dm atm If partial pressure of oxyge
is 0.46 atmosphere, what is the concentration of dissolved oxygen at 25°C and 1 atm pressure
r
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ee
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(A)2.82 x 10 mol dm B)5.98 x 10 mol dm

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cet
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(C)3.53 x 10 mol dm (D)5.98 mol dm"

C
32. 38.4 g of unknown substance (molar mass 384 g mol") and 116 g of acetone is used to prepar
a solution at 313 K. If vapour pressure of pure acetone (molar mass 58 g mol) is 0.8
atmosphere, what is the vapour pressure of solution?
(A)0.7999 atm B)0.880 atm (C)0.650 atm (D)0.958 atm
*33. 0.5 molal aqueous solution of a weak acid (HX) is 20% Ionized. If K of water is 1.86 K
ce
ce
ce
mol, the lowering in freezing point of solution is

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en
(A)0.56 K (B) 1.12 K (C)-1.12 K D)-0.56 K

ci
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r
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ee
ee
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Solutions (109)
C
14, Osmotic pressure of one molar solution at 27°C is (R = 0.082)
(A) 12.1 atm (B) 1.21 atm (C)2.46 atm (D)24.6 atm
35. Which among following is trie for the value of Henry's law constant K?
(A) is same for all gases
(B) is greater for gases with higher solubilities
e
ce
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(C)increases with increase in temperature
nc
(D)first increases and then decreases with increase in temperature
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36. Vapour pressure of solvent 'A' is 0.90 atm, when a non-volatile solute is added, vapour pressure
ci
ci
Sc
drops to 0.60 atm. What is mole fraction of A in solution?

rS
rS
(A)0.500 (B)0.667 (C)0.300 (D)0.333
of Kr if 30 g urea (molar mass 60) dissolved in 0.5 dm of water decreases
ee
ee
37. What is the value
e
freezing point by 0.15 K?
ar
ar
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(A)0.30 K kg mol (B)0.030 K kg mol
(C)0.15 K kg mol (D)0.015 K kg mol
C
C
38. An amalgam of mercury with sodium is an example of
(A) liquid in liquid solution (B) solid in liquid solution
(C) solid in solid solution D) liquid in solid solution
39. Solution of chloroform in nitrogen is an example of
(A) liquid in solid (B) liquid in gas
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(C) gas in liquid iss (D) liquid in liquid
nc
c
pressure at 25°C?
en
en
40. Which of following 0.1 m aqueous solution exhibits highest osmotic
ie
(A) urea (B) CoClh (C)glucose (D) KCI

ci
ci
Sc
corect relation between depression in freezing point and freezing point of pure
41. Identify the
S
solvent.
S
(C)T° AT+T(D) T° = Tx AT
er
er
=
(A)T° = T-AT: B) T° = AT-T
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e
42. If a centimolal aqueous solution of Ki[Fe(CN)%] has degree of dissociation 0.78, what is the
ar
ar
ar
value of van't Hoff factor?
(C)1.2inaxieq D) 4.0
C
C
(A) 3.34 (B) 2.5
43. What is osmotic pressure of a semi molar solution at 27°C? (R=0.082)
(A)4.96 atm (B)2.46 atm (C) 12.3 atm (D)20.5 atm
44. Solutions A, B, C and D are respectively 0.2 M urea, 0.10 M NaCI, 0.05 M BaCh and 0.05
M1
AICl3. All solutions are isotonic with each other except

ce
ce
ce
(A)C (B)D (C)A (D)B

Henry's law is a relation between
en
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45,
(A) temperature and pressure (B)pressure and solubility
(D)volume and solubility
i
(C)pressure and volume

Sc
Sc
Sc
0Relative lowering in vapour pressure of a solution containing non-volatile solute

is the ratio of
A)number of moles of solute to total number of moles of solution
r
r
ee
ee
of of moles solute
number of moles of solvent to number
e
number of moles of solution

moles of solvent to total
ar
ar
ar
umber of
of moles solute to number of moles of solvent
number of
C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
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Questions
C
(110)MHT-CET Exam 10 mm Hg ifmole fraction of
non-volatile sal
olute
pressure of solvent decreases by i,
47. The vapour
pressure of solvent.
0.2, Calculate vapour mm of Hg
(A)50 mm of Hg B) 60 mm of Hg (C) 70 mm of Hg(D)40
solutions will have maximum ATr
value?
following 0.10 m aqueous
48. Which of the
e
ce
ce
(C)AlH(SO4)» (D)NH2-CO-NH2
(B) C2H20O
nc
(A)KI
en
en
urea solution is 100.18°C and Ky for water is 0.512 K kg mol, molalit. tyot
49. If boiling point of
ie
water = 100°C)
ci
ci
solution is (Boiling point of
Sc
(C)0.45 mol kg (D)0.35 mol kg

rS
rS
(A)0.6 mol kg" (B)0.25 mol kg"
pressure of pure benzene is 450 mm Hg whe
ee
ee
50. What will be the molar mass of solute if vapour
nen
e
1.5 g of non-volatile solute is added to 30 g ofbenzene?
ar
ar
ar
1)
(Vapourpressure of solution = 400 mm Hg, Atomic mass C=12, H=
C
C
(A)26.1 gmol (B)30.0g mol .(C) 28.4 g mol D)35.1 gmol
51. Which of the following formula correctly gives the value of ebuillioscopic constant?
Wx1000
(A)-
AT,x W xM,
. o
e
e
x1000 (D)XM,*W
nc
c
(C)
AT,xWxM t W
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*52. If van't Hoff factor of monofluoroacetic acid in water is 1.076. What is it's degree
ci
ci
of
Sc
dissociation?
S
S
(A)0.924 (B)0.76 D)0.076
er
er
(C)0.538
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e
53. Molal elevation constant is the elevation in boiling point produced by
ar
ar
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(A)1g of soute in 100g of solvent B)1 mole of solute in one Kg of solvent
C
C
(C)1 mole of solute in one litre of solvent D)100 g of solute in 1000 g of solvent
54. What type of solution is obtained when benzoic acid is added in Benzene? .
(A) Solid in liquid (B) Solid in solid(C)liguid in solid D)liquid in liquid
55. Which of the following properties is NOT a colligative property?
(A) Vapour pressure of solvent (B) Elevation in boiling point
ce
ce
ce
0
(C) Osmotic pressure D) Depression in freezing point
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en
en
*56. van't Hoff factor for K3[Fe(CN)] is 3.333. What is it's percentage
dissociation in water?
(A) 77.7 % (B) 70% (C) 58 %
i
(D) 83 %
Sc
Sc
Sc
57. Solubility of a gas in liquid increases with

r
(A) decrease in pressure and decrease in temperature

ee
ee
(B) decrease in pressure and increase in temperature

e
(C) increase in pressure and increase in temperature

ar
ar
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(D) increase in pressure and decrease in temperature

C
58. Solutions A, B, C and D are respectively 0.1M

glucose, 0.05M NaCl, 0.0SM BaClh and 0.
AICl3. Which of the following pairs is isotonic?
(A)A and C (B)A and D (C)B and C (D)A andB
*59. Which of the following salts of same concentrtion
will have same value of van't Hoff facto
ce
ce
ce
that of K4[Fe(Ch D%]?

(A) MgSOD4 (B) Na;$O4 (C) AlkSOs)s
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(D) AIQNO)»
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ci
ci
r
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ee
ee
e
ar
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Solutions (111)
equations is NOT corTect for van't Hoff factor?.
C
60. Which of the following molarmas
Theoretical molar mass (B) i=oDserved
(A)i=. Observed molar mass Theoretical molar mass
C)i-Observed) (D)i=observed))
r(Theortical) n(Theoretical)
e
ce
ce
61. Why is observed molar mass of acetic acid in benzene is greater than actual molar mass?
nc
(A) Due to association of solute particlestpfe ton,au ni 0)iotl iot
en
en
(B) Due to hydrolysis of solute itajt,o2t
ie
(C) Due to ionization of solute particles
ci
ci
Sc
D) Due to dissociation of solute particles

rS
rS
62. vant'tHofffactor (i) for aqueous solution of non-electrolyte is sli(D) equal
tafn
ee
ee
(A) greater than one (B)less than one (C) zero {) to one
e
63. Given Ky and Kr of water are 0.52 and 1.86 K kg mol respectively. An aqueous solution
ar
ar
ar
nE freezes at-0.186°C, what is the boiling point of solution?
C
C
(A) 100.052° C (B) 100.52° C (C) 0.52°C #ato (D) 0.052° C
gitati (
64. The molal elevation constant is the ratio of elevation in boiling point to
(A)mole fraction of solute (B) molality of solution
(C)normality of solution cD)molarityof solution
a
of 'A containing 1.73 g of it in 100 cm° of water is found to be isotonic with
65. Solution
e
e
sucrose. The molecular weight of A is (At. mass C= 12, H=10= 16)
3.42% (w/v) solution of
nc
c
(A) 68 (B)342 (C)180 (D)173
en
en
of CCl4 at 25°C is 143 mm Hg. If 0.5g of non-volatile solute (molar mass
ie
66. The vapour pressure

?
g mol") is dissolved in 100 g of CCl4, what is the vapour pressure of solution
ci
ci
65
Sc
(Molar mass CC14 154 g mol)

S
S
u A) 94.39mm Hg B) 160.0 mm Hg(C) 141.42 mm Hg (D) 199.34 mm Hg
er
er
67. A solution has an osmotic pressure of 'X kPa at 300 K having one mole of solute in 10.5 m of
e
e
ar
ar
ar
solution. If its osmotic pressure is reduced to initial value, what is the new volume of
C
C
solution?
(A)105 m (B)30 cm (C)110 cm D)11.0 m
68. 15 x lit of H,0 and it is isotonic with 500 mL aq. glucose solution.
10 kg urea dissolved in 1 mass: C=12, H=1,0 16,N= 14)
What is the amount of glucose present in solution? (At.
(C)3.45 (D)2.25 g
(A)4.60 B) 1.8 8 S. S7i(
ce
ce
ce
69. Relative. lowering in vapour pressure depends on

(A) nature of solute and solvent B) natiure of solvent ttesit ei JE 3
en
en
en
(C) mole fraction of solute *D) nature of solute

in boiling point?
i
70. Which of the following aqueous solutions will have maximum elevation
Sc
Sc
Sc
(C)0.1 M Alz(SOs)3 (D) 0.1 M NaCl

(A) 0.1 MMgSO4 (B) 0.05 M KCI
r
71. Molal elevation constant is the elevation in boiling point produced by

ee
ee
(A)1 mole of solute in one kg of solvent (B) 1 g of solute in 1000 g of solvent

e
(C) 100 g of solute in 1000 g of solvent D)1 mole of solute in one Lit of solvent
ar
ar
ar
C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
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ee
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e
ar
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C
C
it in 100 cm of water is found to
be isotonic with a 6.R0
34%
72. Solution of 'A' containing 3.42 g of
mass of 'A' ? (At. wt: C= 12, H=1,0=16)
solution of sucrose, what is the molar
) (D)342
e
ce
ce
(B) 180 (C)171
nc
(A)68
depression?
en
en
solution will have highest freezing point
ie
M glucose (D)1 M urea

(B)1 MKCl dC)1
ci
ci
A)IMsucrose
Sc
K3[Fe(CN)%] is 3.333. What is it's percentage

rS
rS
* 74. van't Hoff factor () for centimolal solution of
dissociation?
ee
ee
(C) 80% (D)77.7%
(B) 33.33%
e
(A)70%
non-electrolyte
ar
ar
ar
342) is isotonic with % solution of
1
75. A 5 % solution of cane sugar (molar mass

C
C
is
substance X, the molar mass of substance X (D)68.4 gmol
(®) 171.2 g mol (C)136.8 g mol
(A)34.2 g mol
following:
76. Identify the correct statement from the less than vapour
Vapour pressure of a solution containing a non-volatile solute is always
(A)
pressure of pure solvent.
e
e
pure solvent is always greater than boiling point of it's solution containing a
nc
c
(B)Boiling point of
en
en
non-volatile solute.
lower boiling points
ie
(C)Liquids having greater intemplecular forces have

non-volatile solute is always greater than vapour
ci
ci
Sc
(D)Vapour pressure of a solution containing a

S
pressure of pure solvent.

S
er
er
77. What is the value of Ky if 6g of urea is
dissolved in 0.1 dm of water?
e
e
(AT=0.15° C and molar mass ofurea = 60)
ar
ar
ar
(B)0.15 Kkg mol
A0.030 K kg mol
C
C
(D)0.30K kg molR2) 2iing cà
(C)0.015 K kg mol
78. Which of the following equation is
correct to determine osmotic pressure using van't oti
equation?
(A) rV=W,RT" (B) TC=VRT

ce
ce
ce
M
en
en
en
wRT (D) «V=k

C) M
M
i
i
Sc
Sc
Sc
with
urea dissolved in water to make 500 mL aqueous solution and it is isotonic
79.30 x 10 kg
is present in it's lit. solution?
1
r
cane sugar solution. What quantity of cane sugar

ee
ee
12)
(At mass: H=11,N= 14, 0=16, C=
e
(C) 3.42 g (D) 34.2 g

ar
ar
ar
(A)171 g (B) 17.1g

1.8 g glucose dissolved in 1000 g of water?
80. What is freezing point of a solution containing
C
(Krof water = 1.86 K kg mol and at. mass C= 12, H=,0 16)
(A)-0.0093°C (B)-0.0372°C
(C)-0.0186°C tt.f9ea # (D)0,0186°C
osmoue
glucose, urea and sucrose is dissolved in 250 mL of water having
81.If 10 g each of
ce
ce
ce
osmotic pressure of these solutions 13

pressure ti, T2 and ts respectively, the decreasing order of
en
en
en
(A) a 13 (B) T2T

(D) 3 > T2
u
ci
ci
ci
(C) T2731
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
10i 73 Solutions (113)
C
SOLUTIONS
1. (A)
For non-electrolyte AT Ks x m
AT=1.86 x 0.05 =0.093° C
e
ce
ce
Freezing point of solution = 0- AT=0-0.093- 0.093C
nc
en
en
2. (C)
ie
Isotonic solutions have same osmotic pressure.
ci
ci
Sc
W rS W2
rS
Molecular weight x V Molecular weightx V2
ee
ee
W 10 W=
60x10
=17.54 g/L
e
60x1 342x0.1 ****** 342x0.1 (viho T)
ar
ar
ar
3. D)
C
C
Depression in freezing point is a colligative property but freezing point is not a colligative property.
4. (B)
Na2SO produces maximum number of particles..
Nag$O4 2Na" +SOg
particles
e
e
3
Thus, it causes maximum depression in freezing point. eatT

nc
c
en
en
5. (D)
ie
Weight of solute x 1000 1.5x10000.1molal

ci
ci
Sc
Molality
Molecular weight of solutex wt. of solvent 60x250
S
S2.i
S
er
er
Depression in freezing point,
ATr KX m
e
e
ar
ar
ar
0.01 =Krx 0.1 K K,=
0.1=0.1
C
C
6. (C)
The osmotic pressure follows the equation,
RT
v
WRT
But,
W
M .
ce
ce
ce
VM
en
en
en
7. (C)
K [Fe(CN)6l 3K* +[Fe(CN)%I*" (n= 4)

i
i
Sc
Sc
Sc
a i3.55--0.78
r
n-1 4-1
ee
ee
100 78 %
1ence, percentage dissociation = 0.78 x
e
ar
ar
ar
8. (D)
Since they all are having same concentration, the one that will break into the móst parts has
C
nighest boiling point. Ionic compounds will ionize parts (1 Na, 1C)
A Ipart (covalent, does not ionize)
B 2
D 4parts (1 Fe, 3 Ci)
C: 3 parts (1 Ca, 2 C)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
C
9. D)
Henry's Law states the relation between solubility of gas in liquid at constant temperature and
ana
external pressure.
10.(D)
e
ce
ce
nc
11. (A)
en
en
ie
T= MRT 34.20.082 x 293 =2.40 atm
ci
ci
342x1L
Sc
rS
rS
12. (D)
ee
ee
Urea does not dissociate into its ions
e
13. (A)
ar
ar
ar
W2
C
C
AT K x m (m is molality) K K*
ofsolvent in kg k^MxW
MaxW
Where n2 No. of mole of solute
W Wt. ofsoluteinsolution
MMolar Mass of Solute
W
X
e
e
Ma=
nc
c
ATx W
en
en
ie
14.D)
ci
ci
Sc
1, m=0.2, Trs-0.680°C, K^=1.86 K kg mol tK17 BLERO 1!, i

S
S
AT=imK
er
er
0.68=ix0.2x1.86
e
e
0.68
i
ar
ar
ar
1.827 1.83
0.2x1.86
C
C
15. (B)
S KaP.
Solubility (mol dm") Pressure (atm) 1
Unit ofKy= mol dmatm
ce
ce
ce
16. (C)
en
en
en
17. (B)
Ba(NO)2 Ba*+2NO
i
i
Sc
Sc
Sc
Total ions after dissociation, n=3
a -4 =0.87
r
r
ee
ee
2
e
ar
ar
ar
18. (B)
Mass= 9g, molecular mass = 90 g
C
Moles of water = 9.9 moles
Moles ofsolute (n,)=n=0,1

E EE
Moles of water (n1) =9,9 st
"/9: d sT }6eue
-
ce
ce
ce
9.9
Mole fraction of solvent (x)=
=0.99 ir
grot seodgid
10 u 1itl ) Y
en
en
en
A
R=Pxx P0.99xP
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
Solutions (115
max3
ar
ar
ar
ui
C
19. (A) Sucrose:
Urea Mass 17.1
Mass 3
Molar mas8 342
Molar mass = 60
0.05 Moles
Moles
60 342 0.05
e
ce
ce
When no. of moles are same thcn solutions are isotonic.
nc
en
en
20.D) .0ORIi
ie
ci
ci
21.(C)
Sc
mass= 1800g
Mass of glucose= 18 g, Molar
rS
rS
Moles =0.1, Volume = 100ml 0.1 L,
= Molarity=
o
ee
ee
180
e
T MRT=1x0.0821 x 300 24.63 atm
ar
ar
ar
22. (A)
C
C
mol
AT ?, m =0.25m, K,= 0.52 kg
K
K.
AT = m K, = 0.25 x 0.52 0.13
23. (C) 24. D)
25. (A)
Sucrose (molar weight) = 342 g mol
e
e
nc
c
Moles of urea= =0.11
en
en
60
ofurea = 0.11 x 342 = 37.62 g ( E
ie
Mass ofsucrose in 1L isotonic with g/L

6.6
ci
ci
Sc
27. (A) 28. (C)

S
26. (D) S
er
er
29.(B)
Tsucrose
For isotonic solution, Turea
e
e
ar
ar
ar
Dureasucrose
3.0 17.19=0.05
mol
C
C
6.0 343
4Y
30. (B)
31. (B)
K S=Kg xP
P
ce
ce
ce
atm"x 0,46 atm= 5.98 x 10 mol dm'

S
1.3x 10 mol dm
en
en
en
32.(A)
384-0.1 mol solute
i
i
Sc
Sc
Sc
n2
384
n 2 mol solvent (acetone)

r
r
ee
ee
2=0.95
e
Mole fraction; X1n,

n +n, 2+0.1
ar
ar
ar
+n2
By Raoult's law, the vapour
pressure of the solution is given by
C
095 x 0.842 atm=0.7999 atmi to ur

P x X Po
}2
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
C
C
(116)MHT-CET Exam Questlons
33. (B)
HX H' +X
For dissociation of an clectrolytc, erin toi
. 02-
e
ce
ce
-
nc
n-1
en
en
i-1 0.2
ie
i-0.2+1 = 1.2
ci
ci
Sc
1.12K
ik ikm-1.2 x 1.86 x 0.5
rS
rS
Now, AT
(
34.(D)
ee
ee
e
T = MRT (M = Molarity)
ar
ar
ar
1 mol dmx0.082 dm' atm K mol x 300K= 24.6 atm
C
C
35. (C)
36. (B)
e
e
0.9-0.0=0.333
nc
c
en
en
0.9
ie
Now, X1+X2=1
ci
ci
Sc
X1=1-x2=1-0.333= 0.667
S
er
er
37. (C)
e
e
Mass of water 0.5 dm = 0.5 kg
ar
ar
ar
30
Moles of urea =0.5mole
C
C
60
Molality of urea =. 0.5mol 1mol/ kg
omol/kg 0.5kg
AT K¢x m
0.15K 0.0
K 0.15K molkg
ce
ce
ce
m Imol/kg
en
en
en
38. (D) 39.(B)

i
40. (B)
Sc
Sc
Sc
1
Due to more number of ions in solution.
r
41. (C)
ee
ee
AT=T-T
(6).E
ar
ar
ar
T AT;+T
T freezing point of pure solvent
C
T freezing point of solution

ATr= depression in freezing point
42. (A)
K3[Pe(CN)%]
3K+ [Pe(CN),
ce
ce
ce
'.n =4
van't Hoff factor (i)=1ta
(n-1)=1+0.78 (4-1)=3.34
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
C
C
24T Solutions (117)
43. (C)
For a semimolar solution, Molarity (M) = 0.5
T = MRT = 0.5 mol L"x 0.082 L atm K' mol'x 300
K = 12.3 atm
iL
44. (A)
e
ce
ce
Osmotic pressure, t= iMRT
nc
(A) TUres = 1x 0.2 RT =0.2 RT
en
en
(B) TNaCt =2x0.1 RT =0.2 RT
ie
ci
ci
(C) Tpacly *3x0.05 RT = 0.15 RT
Sc
rS
rS
(P) TAICL, 4x 0.05 RT=0.2 RT
.All solutions are isotonic with each other except C.
ee
ee
e
45. (B)
ar
ar
ar
ByHenry's Law, S= Ku *P
C
C
Where, S Solubility of gas, P = Pressure gas, KH=
of Henry's law constant
46. (A) HE
)
e
e
47.(A)
nc
c
en
en
Po-P=10 mm of Hg, X20.2
ie
Po=?
ci
ci
Sc
According to Raoult's Law

S
10 mm of Hg
S
er
er
X2 = 0.2
P
e
e
Po-50 mm of Hg
ar
ar
ar
48. (C)
C
C
Due to more number of ions in solution.
49. D)
AT,=(100.18+273)-(100 +273) =0.18 K
K=0.512 K kg mol, m=?
ce
ce
ce
AT Ksxm m
en
en
en
mF
0.18 K
0.512 K kg mol 0.35 mol kg
i
i
Sc
Sc
Sc
50. (D)
r
P=450mm Hg, P=400 mm Hg, "M78 g mol

ee
ee
W 30 g, (molar mass of benzene),

e
W2=1.5 g, M;=?
ar
ar
ar
Ma=
*
,x P
C
W (Po-P) (i
(
M= .5x30 78(450-400)
450
35.1 g mol
)
(450-400)
.0
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
C
51. (D)
AT Kym = Ks W
x;M.W,
= AT,xM, xW
e
ce
ce
K W2
nc
en
en
52. (D)
ie
ci
ci
i =1.076, a=?
Sc
rS
rS
CH,FCOOH CH,FCO0"+ H* ATT
.
ee
ee
n=2
e
i-.1076-o.076
ar
ar
ar
a
C
C
53. (B)
54. (A)
Benzoic acid - Solid
Benzene- liquid (solvent)
e
e
It is solid in liquid type.
nc
c
en
en
55. (A)
ie
Colligative property depends on number of solute particles on the surface. Relative loweringof
vapour pressure, elevation in boiling point, depression in freezing point, osmotic pressure are
ci
ci
Sc
colligative properties. S
er
er
56. (A)
e
e
K3[Fe(CN)], i=3.33
ar
ar
ar
KaFe(CN)6] 3K' +[Fe(CN).*
C
C
1
1-a 3a
Total no. of Particles= 1 -
a+3a+ a
= 1+3a
1+3 3.33
3a= 2.33
ce
ce
ce
2.33
a =
en
en
en
a%
i
x100 77.7 %
Sc
Sc
Sc
2.0
r
57. (D)
ee
ee
Solubility of a gas in liquid decreases

e
with increase in temperature

in pressure, and increases with increas
ar
ar
ar
58. (D)
C
A= 0.1 M CoHi20s
B 0.05 M NaC (i=1)
C 0.05 M BaCl2 i-2)
D=0.1 M AlCl
i3)
i-4) 0
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
2rcia T
Solutións (119)
C
A and B are isotonic as they give same number of particles per unit volume which is given by
ix M factor.
The ix M factor for A =1 x0.1 = 0.1
B 2x 0.05 = 0.1
C 3 x 0.05 = 0.15
2 .
e
ce
ce
D =4x 0.1 = 0.4
nc
en
en
ie
59. (C)
The salts which dissociate to give same number of ions and concentrations have same van't
ci
ci
Sc
Hoff factor for Ka[Fe(CN)%] = 5

rS
rS
(A) MgSO4=2 ions
(B)NazSO4=3 ions
ee
ee
7
e
(C)Al(SO4)s=5 ions
ar
ar
ar
(D) Al(NOs)» =4 ions
C
C
60. (B)
van't Hoff factor (i)=

Theoritical Colligative Property Observed molar mass
Observed Colligative Property Theoritical molar mass
61. (A)
Acetic acid molecules in benzene undergoes association, so its observed molar mass is greater
than actual molar mass.
e
e
nc
c
62. (D)
en
en
An aqueous solution of non-electrolyte does not produce any ions.
ie
So, its van't Hoff factor (i) = 1

ci
ci
Sc
63.(A)
S
K= 0.52 K kg mol
S
er
er
AT= Krx m
e
e
Molality= 0.186 AT=0.186°C
ar
ar
ar
1.86
m= 0.1
C
C
AT =
0.52 x 0.1=0.052
ATb =
T-T, =0.052 -T-100 = 0.052
Boiling point of solution T, = 100,052"C
64. (B)
ce
ce
ce
AT= Ks x m
en
en
en
Kg
i
i
Sc
Sc
Sc
Ky= molal elevation constant

ATb= Increase in boiling pointifirtefes
ni 1 90tV
r
m molality of solution.i
ee
ee
65.(D)
e
ar
ar
ar
TAT)ucrose
(CRT)A
(CRT)sucrose R&T are constant, v OiA
C
1.73 1000 3.42 1000

MA 100
342 100
MA 1.73 x 100=173' 0tersl11g150 Vri iy filba 1 2t0 19dru so?M
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
C
A
Po=143, V 100 ml, d=1.58
e
ce
ce
Mass= 100 x 1.58 = 158
nc
en
en
143-P 0.5154
ie
143 65 158
ci
ci
Sc
143-P =0.007x 1.07,

143
rS
rS
P 143- 1.07=141.42 mm Hg
ee
ee
67. (A)
e
ar
ar
ar
T XkPa, V= 10.5 m', t'=kPa, VV=?
C
C
TRT
x 300
i. X x8.314x300;i. 10
x8.314
V1 1
e
e
By dividing equation () by (i)
nc
c
8.314x300
en
en
10.5*O14x300
ie
ci
ci
X/10
Sc
1/vx8.314x 300 sog 23 e7

S
er
er
V V 105 m
10
10.5
e
e
(Aj E
ar
ar
ar
68. D)
mass of urea (g)
C
C
Molarity of Urea =
molar mass of urea x volume of solution (L)
.
15 = 0.025 M
60x1
Now, 0.025 M urea solution is isotonic with 500 mL glucose solution.
.
ce
ce
ce
Molarity of glucose =0.025 M

Molar mass of glucose = 180 g
en
en
en
:
1
M>1000 cm' glucose = 180 g
180x0.025x500
i
i
Sc
Sc
Sc
0.025 M-> 500 cm* glucose = 2,25 s

1000
r
69. (C)
ee
ee
Relative lowering in vapour pressure,

e
ar
ar
ar
AP
X2 P-P
C
D+n P
Where, P yapour pressure of pure solvent, P= vapour pressure of solution,
X2 mole fraction of solute, n2= number of moles of solute, "iiom
70. (C)
n number of moles of solvent.
MgSO4, KCI, NaCl gives 2 ions (particles) on dissociation whereas Al,(SO,), gives 5 ions
ce
ce
ce
(particles) on dissociation
en
en
en
Al, (SO) 2A* +3SO

More number of ions in solution will have
ci
ci
ci
maximum elevation in boiling point.

r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
t9 2 R
Solutions(121)
C
71.(A)
12.(C)
Molecular mass of Sucrose = Ci2H201=342 g mol
wx1000 6.84*100=0.2 M
Molarity of Sucrose Solution
MxV 342x100
e
ce
ce
nc
Molarity of 'A = molarity of sucrose solution = 0.2 M1
en
en
Wx1000
ie
Molarity of 'A' solution =
ci
ci
Mx100
Sc
rS
rS
3.42x1000 ki 70tio 120
nli
0.2
Mx100
ee
ee
e
M 34171gmol
ar
ar
ar
0.2
C
C
73.(3)
KCl K* +CI
Since KCI undergoes dissociation to give ions, it means produces more particles in solution.
Colligative property depends upon number of solute particles. Depression of freezing point will
be high for KCI.
74.D)
e
e
nc
c
K,[Fe(CN),]=3K* +[Fe(CN),1 n 4
en
en
- -13.333-232 =0.7766
ie
n-1 3
.
ci
ci
Sc
% dissociation = 0.7766 x 100 77.66 %

S
75. D)
S
er
er
Solution of non-electrolyte is isotonic with solution of cane sugar.
e
e
Molarity of cane sugar solution = Molarity of non-clectrolyte solution
ar
ar
ar
5
C
C
= 0.4162
342x0.1L
. Molar mass of non-electrolyte
Molarity x 0.1 0.1462x0.1
= 68.399 g mol 68.4 g
0.01462
*
mols
ce
ce
ce
76. (A)
Suppose, Po= Vapour pressure of pure solvent, P = Vapour pressure
of solution
en
en
en
When nonvolatile solute is added to the pure solvent,

it covers the surface are of the pure
solvent, number of molecules going in vapour phase
decreases "between of which vapour
i
pressure of solution is lowered as compare pure

Sc
Sc
Sc
to solvent.
Lowering of vapour pressure,
AP
r
=
Po- P
ee
ee
77.(B)
e
K, W,
ar
ar
ar
M2=000
2 1000x6xK, E4 3TEG Au Tia7gytT3
ATW 0.15x0.1
C
K60x0.15x0.1 0.15 Kkg mol

6000
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
r
r
ee
ee
e
ar
ar
ar
C
78. (A)
Osmotic pressure follows the cquation,
RT V
e
ce
ce
n2 (moles of solute)
nc
M2
en
en
W,RT
ie
9piot/
TV=
ci
ci
M
Sc
rS
rS
79. (D)
Molarity of urea solution = Molarity of cane sugar solution
ee
ee
Because they are isotonic.
e
Molar mass of urea = CONHa)2
ar
ar
ar
12+16+(14x2)+(2x 2)
C
C
60
Molar mass of cane sugar = C12H22011 ()
=(12 x 12)+22+(16x 11)
if o Molarity of urea Molarity of cane sugariNA O 3oah T9Ug 2veziio
e
e
3g W
nc
c
60gx0.5L 342gx1L
en
en
ie
342x3
W2
ci
ci
Sc
60x0.5
S
1026
S
W2 34.2
er
er
30
e
e
80. (C)
ar
ar
ar
AT Kr. m
C
C
W2
AT K L 1.86X
M,x W(kg) 180x1000x103
1.86 x 0.01 = 0.0186°C
ATr = 0.0186°C
Freezing point of solution =0°C AT=-0.0186°C
ce
ce
ce
81. (B)
8V7ai0-a9 26 sie
en
en
en
Molar mass of glucose= CsH120%= 180 g

0
i
Moles of glucose= =0.056

Sc
Sc
Sc
180
Molar mass of urea =CO(NHa)2 60 g
r
A
ee
ee
ofurea= 10 =0.167
e
Moles yi) 9! ! iab. }e siintnort tiW

ar
ar
ar
60
Molar mass of sucrose = C12H22O1134Z ynq
e
C
i olsulne e, AR1
Moles of Sucrose= 10
342 0.029
No. ofmoles o no. of particles
Decreasing order of osmotic pressure of solution is ),T
ce
ce
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LC7) sucrose
L)
en
en
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ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
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3. lonic Equilibria
C
ImportantFormulae and Shortcut Methods
Types ofelectrolytes
i. Strong electrolytes - strong acids, strong
e
e
bases and salts
ii Weak electrolytes weak acids, weak
nc
nc
nc
bases
Degree of dissociation (c):
ie
ie
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number of moles dissociated
Sc
Sc
Sc
C
total number of moles
Percent dissociation =oc x 100
r
r
ee
ee
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P
Acids and Bases
ar
ar
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Arrhenius Theory:
C
C
Acid: It is a substance which contains hydrogen and on dissolving in water produces
hydrogen ions, (H"). e.g. HCI
Hq)H)+a)
Base: It is a substance which contains OH group and on dissolving
in water produces
hydroxyl ions (OH). e.g. NaOH
e
e
nc
nc
nc
NaOH(aq)*Na"(aq)+OH (a)
i ii +
ie
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Bronsted Lowry Theory
Sc
Sc
HCI +H0H,0* +CI

Sc
Acid
r
r
NH +HO NH; +OH
ee
ee
ee
Base
ar
ar
ar
Lewis Theory
C
C
ACid can accept a pair of electrons. / : 1s) 1
e.g. BFs, Alck
Base can donate a pair of electrons.
e.g.NH3, CHsNH2
Ostwald's dilution law:
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
For weak acids, a or c= K V

ie
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
For weak base, a- or VK,.V

ee
ee
ee
Where, c = concentration of an acid or a base in mol dm3

ar
ar
ar
V=Volume of an acid or a base in dm mol

C
Autoionization of water
K=H0|| OH|, at 25°C K= 1.0 x 10-14
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
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Relationship between pH and pOH:
C
pH+ pOH= 14
pH--logio[H], pOH=-logiolOH]
Hydrolysis of salts
e
e
Salts:
nc
nc
nc
1. Salt of a strong acid and a strong base:
ie
ie
ie
NaCl: NaOH +HCl NaCl+H0
SB. San
Sc
Sc
Sc
Salt ofa weak acid and a strong base
:
2.
CH3COONa: CHCoOH+NaOH CH,COONa+HO
r
r
Sat
ee
ee
ee
W.A SB.
3. Salt of a strong acid and a weak base

ar
ar
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NH CI: NHOH+HCI=>NH,C+H,O
C
C
WB. S.A. San
%silbg 144. Salt of a weak acid and a weak base

CHCOONH: CHCOOH+NH,OH==CH,COONH, +H,O
WA WB. Sat
sutan Salt Hydrolysis

e
e
i. Salt of strong acid and strong base obf
nc
nc
nc
Na(aq)+Cr(ag) + H,o () =*Na (ag)+OH (aq) + H° (09)+ CI (09)
ie
ie
ie
In this solution [H"'] = [OH], hence the solution is neutral.
Sc
Sc
Sc
ii. Salt of weak acid and strong base
CH,COO (aq)+ Na* (ag) +H,0 ()=CH,cOOH (aq)+ Na' (0q)+OH (aq)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
The solution is basic.
ar
ar
ar
ii. Salt of a strong acid and a weak base
C
C
NH (ag)+ Ci (aq) + H,0()=NH,OH (aq)+H (aq)+CI (aq)
The solution is acidic.
eLish
iv. Salt of a weak acid and a weak base
CHCO0(aq)+ NH (aq)+H,0()=CH,COOH(aq) + NH,OH(ag)
e
ce
ce
The solution may be acidic, basic or neutral depending on the relative strength of wear
nc
en
en
acid and weak base formed in the hydrolysis.

ie
ci
ci
Sc
Types of buffer solutions:

rS
rS
i. Acidic buffer solution: pH=pK, +lo810 salt lwhere,pK=-log0 K]"

ee
ee
ee
[acid]
ar
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ii. Basic buffer solution: salt]

pOH=pk, +10810
C
asei
ase
where, pKs=-logio Ks]
ce
ce
ce
en
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ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
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Equllibrium (125)
elonic
ar
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olationship
Re between solubility and solubility product:
C
Molar solubility (mol/L)=-Soubility g/L
in
molar mass in g/ mol
Solubility product (Kap
BAy =xB)+yAaq)
e
e
(1
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
If S is the molar solubility of the compound, the equilibrium concentrations of the ions in
Sc
Sc
Sc
the saturated solution will be
BxS molLA=yS
r
r
mol/L
ee
ee
ee
= x*yYs%+y)
Kp =xS"[ys"
ar
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C
C
Common ion effect The common ion effect states that the ionization of weak a
electrolyte is suppressed in presence of a strong electrolyte containing an ion common to tne
weak electrolyte.
e.g, CHC0OH and CH3COONa have common ion CHCO0.
e
e
nc
nc
nc
included in the CET syllabus for the first time for CET 2021. Find sample
ie
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ie
This topic has been
questions below:
Sc
Sc
Sc
1. According to Ostwald's dilution law, the degree of dissociation of weak acid given by
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(A)K C2 sd i(B) C7K (C) K7V2 D) KC
ar
ar
ar
2. The relation between pH and pOH is
14(B)14-pHpOH (C) pH x pOH=14D)14/pOH= pH
C
C
(A)pH/pOH
3. The solubility product of CaF2is
(A[Ca (2FF (B)[Ca"][2FT(C)[Ca°"IFT (D[Ca"]FF]
4. According to Lowry-Bronsted concept, base is a substance which acts as
(A) a proton donor (B) an electron donor
e
ce
ce
(C)aproton acceptor D) an electron acceptor

nc
en
en
solubility of Pbla is related to its solubility product by the equation

he(A)Kap=S*
ie
(B) Kp= 4S* (C)Ko 27S* (D)Ko=4s

ci
ci
Sc
.
rS
rS
The solution of a salt is basic. The salt must be

(C)CH3CHOONH4 (D)NH,NO3
(A)KNO (B) NaCN
ee
ee
ee
The pH of the mixture of acetic acid and potassium acetate will be

(C) less than 7 (D)more than 7
ar
ar
ar
(A)0 (B)7
solution is 2 M each in NHCI and in NHOH. For NH4OH, pka
= 4.7. The pH of the
C
A
solution will be
(A)4.7 (C)5.8 (D)9
(B)9.3
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
9. When solution contains equal concentrations of hydrogen ion and hydroxyl ions, its pH will be
around
(A) 14 (B) 10 (C)7 a(D) 0 n2 nid
10. If Kp of Agl is 1.6 x 10 mol dn at 25°C, its solubility wouldbe
(A) 4x10% mol dm (B) 4x10 moldm
e
e
(D) 0.8x10gdm
nc
nc
nc
C)0.8x10gdm3
ie
ie
ie
11. The pH ofa solution is correctly defined as
Sc
Sc
Sc
ae(A)pH=-log.[H'] huog (B) pH =
r
r
1
D) pH = logio[H*]"
ee
ee
ee
(C)pH=log10
TH1
ar
ar
ar
12. For a sparingly soluble salt ApBe, the relationship of its solubility product (L) with its
C
C
solubility (S) is
(A)Ls =S°*.p.g (B)Ls SP*, p9.aP
1010
o
(C)Ls S pP.q
itort
13. A buffer solution contains equal concentrations of the acid and the salt. If KaF1x 10", the pH
of the buffer is
e
e
(A)2 (B)4 (C)6. D)7.
nc
nc
nc
14. BF3 is a
s ai;u? airii
ie
ie
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(A) Lewis acid i e7 9ri(B) Lewis base izisi t9 3R
(C)Amphoteric compound (D) Electrolyte

Sc
Sc
Sc
15. Na2COs is a salt of
l 1 91 B)strong acid and weak base
r
r
(A)strong acid and strong base
ee
ee
ee
(C)weak acid and strong base (D)weakacid and weak base H(A)
ar
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SOLUTIONS
C
C
(A)
For weak acid,
a c
e
ce
ce
2. (B)
nc
en
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P +POH =14
ie
ci
ci
3. (C)
Sc
Ca Ca +2F
rS
rS
CaF
NA)
. Solubility product=Ca t
2
ee
ee
ee
bets srobigau io suxint oi to tin a

ar
ar
ar
or 5. (B)
C
+21
Pbl Pb*
Here, x = 1, y=2.
Kp=x* y' s*Y = (1} (2)* s*2 = 4s*
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
lonic Equilibrium (127)
C
6. (B)
NaCN Nat +CN
It is a salt of strong base (NaOH) and weak acid (HCN).
When base is strong, solution is basic.
42
1. (C)
e
e
g The mixture is an acidic buffer; hence the pH would be less than 7.
nc
nc
nc
8. (B)
ie
ie
ie
According to Henderson Hasselbalch equation, art
+lo8107salt]
Sc
Sc
Sc
H=pk [base]
Here, [salt]= [base]
r
r
.
ee
ee
ee
p = 14-p"= 14-4.7 9.3
ar
ar
ar
9. (C)
If [H]= [OH), then solution will be neutral and its pH will he around 7.
C
C
10.(A)
Agl> Ag +T
K S .SKp 7
=
S= 1.6x10-15 vi6x10-16
e
e
nc
nc
nc
S 4x10 moldm
11. (C)
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
pH0B10 1 sirmgevi geivno1n

Sc
ecs
12. (A)letyp2t.)170s1 Ltm
r
r
ee
ee
ee
13.(C)
K=1x 106 3pK,=6 .
ar
ar
ar
Now, according to Henderson Hasselbalch equation, r173t 21sipy.2
20gog >ieri::1
C
C
pH pKt+ 10g10 [salt]
base]
c97290t simsrtbouteift
Here, [salt) = lacidjna oqts 2rn3e no th
0-Th cesu1t ltavsdu2.
' pH= pKa= 6
14.(A)
o 12o9201'13itois0i .
e
ce
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BF is electron pair acceptor hence it is Lewis acid

nc
29902 oiistdsiiut. i
en
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15. (C)
teiionist:i
ie
Na,COg 2Na+ co
ci
ci
Sc
It is asalt of weak acid (HCO3) and strong base (Nau).

bsz0ilot tsg
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
1oitanitidis
ar
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C
C
ce
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ce
en
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en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
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ar
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C
C
4, Chemical Thermodynamics
important Formulae and Shortcut Methods
Thermodynamic Terms:
e
e
Branch of science which deals with the study of different forms of energy and the quantitative
nc
nc
nc
relationships between them.
ie
ie
ie
System: Specified part of the universe which is under investigation.
Remaining part of the universe which can interact with the system.
Sc
Sc
Sc
Surrounding:
Open system: Can exchange both matter and energy
Closed system: Can exchange energy but not matter.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Isolated system: Neither matter nor energy can be exchanged.
ar
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C
C
Insulator
Energy BpergyKate
nergy
Motter zz
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e
Open aystem Closod rystecm Isolated ayutem
nc
nc
nc
(o) (b) ()
ie
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Properties of System
Sc
Sc
i.
Sc
Intensive Properties: Do not depend upon the quantity or size of matter present in the
system. e.g., pressure, temperature, density, surface tension, viscosity, specific heat,
r
r
melting and boiling points, etc.
ee
ee
ee
ii. Extensive Properties: Depend upon the quantity or size of matter present in the system.
ar
ar
ar
e.g, mass, volume, internal energy, entropy, enthalpy, etc.
C
C
Extensive properties are additive but intensive properties are not.
q Hy
Thermodynamic Processes
i. Isothermal Process: At constant temperature, AT =0 and AU 0
ii. Isobaric Process : At constant pressure, AP = 0
e
ce
ce
iii. Isochoric Process: At constant volume, AV =0.

nc
iv. Adiabatic Process: Completely insulated, AQ-0

en
en
(.2
ie
State Functions
ci
ci
Sc
Properties which depend only on the initial and final states of a system ie., do not depend o
rS
rS
the path followed. e.g., pressure, volume, temperature, 'entropy, enthalpy, internal energ
etc.
ee
ee
ee
Path Functions
ar
ar
ar
Properties which depend upon the path followed, e.g, work, heat.
C
Work:
essure
Mode of energy exchanged between the system and the surroundings as a result of pre
difference between them.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Chemical Thermodynamics (129)
C
.W-Pext (V2- VN)
.Wmax-2.303 nRT logor2.303 nRT log
Work done by the system is -ve.
Work done on the system is +ve.
e
e
nc
nc
nc
Heat:
Mode of energy exchanged betweem the system and the surroundings as a result of temperature
ie
ie
ie
difference between them.
Sc
Sc
Sc
Heat given out by the system is -ve.
Heat absorbed by the system is +ve.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
First Law of Thermodynamics: AU = Q+W
ar
ar
ar
.For isothermal process, AU=0 W =-Q
.For adiabatic change, AU = W as Q=0
C
C
For isochoric change, AU =Q, as AV=0
Internal Energy Change (AU): U-U

Where, U1 and U2 are internal energies of initial and final states, respectively.
e
e
Enthalpy change (AH): St2
nc
nc
nc
Heat absorbed or evolved by the system at constant pressure.
ie
ie
ie
AH Qp, AH =AU+PAV or AU +AngRT
Sc
Sc
Sc
Work done in chemical reaction
W-An RT
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Enthalpy Change during Phase Transformation: Enthalpy change accompanying the
ar
ar
ar
conversion of 1 mole of a substance firom one state to another.
C
C
Ayan H
Solid
Atus H Liquid Gas
e
ce
ce
Thermochemistry:
nc
a reaction.
Reaction Enthalpy: Enthalpy change accompanying
en
en
L
ie
AH=EHproducts2Heactants
ci
ci
Sc
L Standard Enthalpy of Reaction (AH°); states. Enthalpy change of a reaction when all the
rS
rS
participating substances are in their standard

ee
ee
ee
Enthalpy change accompanying the formation of

(A^fH°):
li. Standard Enthalpy of Formation in their standard states.
onemole of a substance from its constituents
ar
ar
ar
a bond enthalples
C
Enthalpy change for reaction from

(product bonde)
4 H=2AHceactant bonda)-2 AH
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
(130)MHT-CETExam Questions
ar
ar
ar
Heat Summation changes of individua
v. Hess's Law of Constant
C
reaction is equal to sum of enthalpy
Overall the enthalpy change fora
steps in the reaction.
AH
.7
e
e
AH
AHi AHa
nc
nc
nc
AH= AH + AH2 +
AH3
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
Entropy (S): disorder of the system.
Measure of randomness or
r
r
Llquld
ee
ee
ee
Sold
AS 4T Enfropy lncresses
ar
ar
ar
Multiple Choice Questions1
C
C
MHT-CET 2004 evolved in the formation of
the heat of formation of CO is -393 kJ. The amount of heat
1. If
0.176 kg of CO% is
(A)-1357.9 kJ (B)-1275.9 kJ (C)-1572.0kJ A(D)F1165.5kn<
e
e
nc
nc
nc
i Beviov? o 2070as is
2. Enthalpy (H) is equal toad ti2ia B)product of pressure (P) and volume (V) of gas
(A)internal energy (U)
(D)work (W) done by a system
ie
ie
ie
(C)internal energy (U)+PV
Sc
Sc
Sc
3. For the reaction, PCl,(g)
PCl3 (g)+ClhE)
(C)AH < AU (D)None of these
r
r
(A)AH=AU (B)AH> AU
ee
ee
ee
MHT-CET 2005
ar
ar
ar
energy of
433 kJ. How much is the bond dissociation
4. Bond energy of hydrogen gas is
C
C
0.5 mole of hydrogen gas?
(B)+433 kJ C-216 kJ (D)+216 kJ
(A)-433 k
5. Heat of formation of SO2 is -298 kJ. What is the
heat of combustion of 4 g of S?
(A)+37 k (B)-37.15 K C)+ 298 kI (D)18.6 kJ
to
irreversibly at 27°C fom volume
1
dm
6. 2 molesof helium gas expanded isothermally and
e
ce
ce
the work done.

Im at constant pressure of 100 kPa. Calculate
nc
(C)34464.65 D)34464.65 J
en
en
(B)99900 J kJ,
(A)99900
ie
ci
ci
MHT-CET 2006
Sc
3
7. The standard molar heat of formation of ethane, CO, and water () are-211,-94.1 'and -o
rS
rS
kcal respectively. The standard molar heat of combustion of ethane will be

ee
ee
ee
FICA(A)-372kcalno3(B) 162 kcal °H (C)-240 kcal o vgte (D)183.5 kcal i

or the
ar
ar
ar
8. In a closed container, a liquid is stirred with a paddle to increase the temperature. Which
C
following is true?
(A)AU W 0,Q=0 (B)AU=W=0#0uii9qjlailindv
(C)AU=0, W= Q# 0 AU=0#0
(D)W=0,
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
MHT-CET 2007
9. Which of the following is a path function7
(A) Internal energy (B)Enthalpy (C) Work D) Entropy
10. Hess's law is based on
(A)Law of conservation of mass (B) Law of conservation of energy
e
e
(C) First law of thermodynamics
nc
nc
nc
(D)None of theseie
11. For an ideal gas, the heat of reaction at constant pressure
and constant volume
ie
ie
ie
are related as
(A)H+U=PV
B)U=H+ PAV
Sc
Sc
Sc
(C)Q Q+AnRT 2 (D)None of
thesei oi 1
12.For the reaction, 2H(g)+Oz(g)2H,0(g),
r
r
AH°=-573.2 kJ
ee
ee
ee
The heat of decomposition of water per mole is
(A)286.6 kJ (B)573.2 kJd (C)-28.66 kJ (D)zero
ar
ar
ar
13. The bond energy is the energy required to T2T
C
C
(A) dissociate one mole of the substance
(B) dissociate bond in 1 kg of the substance
(C)break one mole of similar bonds
D)break bonds in one mole of substance
MHT-CET 2008
14. If AU is the heat of reaction for CaH,OHI)+302(g)-2C02(g)
+3H2O(1) at constant volume,
the AH (heat of reaction at constant pressüre), at constant temperature
e
e
is
(A)AH = AU + RT (B)AH= AU-RT
nc
nc
nc
(C) AH = AU-2 RT (D)AH- AU +2RT
MHT-CET 2009
ie
ie
ie
15. Heat of combustion of methane is 800 kJ. What is the heat
-
of combustion for 4 x 10 kg of
Sc
Sc
methane? .33
Sc
(A)-800 k (B)-3.2 x 10° kJ (C)-20 kJ: (D)-1600 kJ
r
r
ee
ee
ee
16. 16 g of oxygen gas expands isothermally and reversibly at 300
K from 10 dm' to 100 dm. The
work done is (in J)
ar
ar
ar
(A) zero (B)- 2875 J (C)+2875 J
r D) infinite
C
C
17. At the same conditions of pressure, volume and temperature, work
done is maximum for which
gas if all gases have equal masses?
(A)NH32AC 8)N -A D) (CyCh
18. In..
Ctd
process, work is done at the expense of intermal energy
A)isothermal B)1sochoric (C)adiabatic D)isobarictnabi.
e
ce
ce
nc
MBT-CET 2010
en
en
heat of formation of water is 260k. How much H0 is decomposed by 130 kJ of heat?

ie
.The
ci
ci
(A)0.25 mol (B) 1 mol { (C)0.5 mol

Sc
(D)2 mol
rS
rS
MHT-CET 2011
ee
ee
ee
20. The heat of combustion of carbon is-393.5 kJ/mol. The heat released upon the formation
of
35.2 g of CO from carbon and oxygen gas is
ar
ar
ar
(A)+315 kJ (B)-31.5 k (C)-315 kJ (D)+31.5k A

C
121. According to Hess's law, the heat of reaction depends upon

(B) initial and final condition
(A) initial reactants
condition of of reactants
(intermediate path of the reaction (D) end conditions of reactants on
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
MHT-CET 2014
22. Find the correct equation.
(A)U2-U1-Ha+ H=n>RT- nRT (B) U2-Ui- H2- H1 =nzRT + niRT
(C)Hh-H - U2+U1 =n2RT- nRT D)H-H U2+Ui =n2RT +nRT
-
23. Assuming enthalpy of combustion of hydrogen at 273 K is -286 kJ and enthalpy of fusion of ice
e
e
at the same temperature to be +6.0 kJ, calculate enthalpy change during formation of 100 f
nc
nc
nc
1ce
ie
ie
ie
(A)+1622 kJ (B)-1622 kJ (C)+292 k (D)-292 k
Sc
Sc
Sc
24. The work done when two moles of an ideal gas is compressed from a volume of Sm' to Idm a
300 K, under a pressure of 100 kPa is
r
r
(B)-499.9 kJ ()-99.5 k (D)42495 k
ee
ee
ee
(A)499.9 k
ar
ar
ar
MHT-CET 2015
C
C
25. For which among the following reactions, change in entropy is less than zero
(A)Sublimation of Iodine (B)Dissociation of Hydrogen
i
C)Formation of water D)Thermal decomposition of Calcium Carbonate
26. Given R =8.314 JK mol, the work done during combustion of 0.090 kg of ethane
(Molarmass 30) at 300 K is
e
e
(A)-18.7k B)18.7 kJ C)6.234 k (D)-6.234kJi
nc
nc
nc
27. Which among the following is a feature of adiabatic expansion?
ie
ie
ie
(A)AV<0 (B)AU<0 (D)AT=0 TH
C AU>0
Sc
Sc
Sc
28. What is the amnount of t ork done when two moles of ideal gas is compressed from
a volume of
1 m to 10
dm at 300 K against a pressure of 100 kPa?
r
r
(A)99 kJ B)-99 kJ (C)114.9 kJ (D)-114.9
ee
ee
ee
kJ
MHT-CET 2016
ar
ar
ar
29. Mathematical equation of first law
ofthermodynamics for isochoric process isCESSA}
C
C
he (A) AU=Q B)-AU=Q» i C)Q=-Wr 9hiD) AU =W
*30. The criterion for a spontaneous process
i
is
(A)AG> 0 (B) AG <0 (C) AG=0 (D) AStotal<0
31. Identify an extensive property amongst
the following.
(A) Viscosity
e
ce
ce
B) Heat capacity (C) Density (D) Surface tension

nc
32. What is the amount of work done

en
en
at300 K? (Given, R =8.314 JK when 0.5 mole of methane, CH4(), is subjected

to combus
ie
(A)-2494 J mol)
ci
ci
(B)-4988J D
Sc
(C)+4988J
t D)+2494 J
rS
rS
MHT-CET 2017
T-1HM
ee
ee
ee
33. The work done during combustion

of 9 x 10 kg ofethane, C2Hs (g)
(Given: R =8.314 J K mol",
Atomic mass: C 12, at 300Kisi
ar
ar
ar
(A)6.236 kJ H= 1)
(B)-6.236 kJ (C)18.71 kJ
C
34. Calculate the work done

(D)-18.71 kJ A
during compression of 2:1mol
10 dm' at 300 against
K of an ideal gas from a volume ofIm to
(A)-99
a pressure of 100 kPa, i
kJ5 (B)+99 kJ (C)+22.98 kJ
(D)-22.98 kJ
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
35. The first law of thermodynamics for isothermal
process is
(A)Q-W (B)AU=WW
(C)AU=Q (D)AU=-Qv
36. Identify the INVALID equation.
(A)AH= 2Hproducts2reactants . 3
(B)AH AU + PAV
e
e
(C) AH(reaction)2productbonds)2(reactant bonds)
nc
nc
nc
(D)AH AU + AnRT
ie
ie
ie
182
Sc
Sc
Sc
MHT-CET 2018
37. Which among the following equations represents the
r
r
first law of thermodynamics under isobaric
ee
ee
ee
condition?
(A) AU=Q,- Px.AV
ar
ar
ar
(B) Q,= AU
(C)AU = Ww
D) W-- Q
C
C
.
38. Two moles of an ideal gas are allowed to expand

from a volume of 10 dm' to 2m at 300 K
against a pressure of 101.325 kPa. Calculate the work done.
(A)-201.6 kJ (B) 13.22 kJ (C)-810.6J D)-18.96 kJ
39. Calculate the work done during combustion of 0.138 kg
of ethanol, CaHOH) at 300 K.
e
e
Given: R=8.314 J K mol, molar mass of ethanol =46 g mol
nc
nc
nc
(A)-7482J B) 7482 J (C)-2494J (D)2494J
ie
ie
ie
MHT-CET 2019
Sc
Sc
40. For a process, entropy change of a system is expressed as

Sc
(A)e C(B) Qev x
Tor (C)H-TS )(D)
r
r
Qrev
ee
ee
ee
41. Calculate the difference between heat of combustion of carbon monoxide
gas at constant
ar
ar
ar
pressure and at constant volume at 27°C ? (R=2 cal K mol)
C
C
(A)27 cal (B)-300 cal (C) 54 cal D)-600 cal
42. Three moles of an ideal gas are expanded isothermally from a volume of 300cm
to 2.5 L at
300 K against a pressure of 1.9 atm. The work done in joules is
(A)-4.18 J (B)+423.56 J (C) +4.8 JJ
(D)-423.56 J-
43. Identify the equation in which change in enthalpy is equal to change in internal energy.
e
ce
ce
(A)N2g)+3Hg>2NHg .sidr: (B)Co+Oxg)CO

nc
D)PclsgPCls+Clz
en
en
(C)2H2020)2H%0o*O2)
ie
ci
ci
44.IfCy + O2(g AH =X, CO+;2)CO2tg AH=-Y, calculate AH for CO(

Sc
CO2
rS
rS
formation:
(A)Y-X (B) X+Y (C)-Y-X (D)X-Y
ee
ee
ee
45, "The mass and energy both are conserved in an isolated system". is the statement of
ar
ar
ar
(A) Modified first law of thermodynamics (B) Second law of thermodynamics

(C)First law of thermodynamics (D) Third law of thermodynamics
C
46.1Based
on first law of thermodynamics which of the following is correct?
A)For an isochoric process, AU-Qv B)For an adiabatic process, AU=-W
(C)For an isobaric process, Q = AU + W D)For an isothermal process, Q= +W
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
surroundin
work on surrounding and absorbs 120 J of heat from the
ar
ar
ar
47. A gas performs 0.320 kJ
Hence chango in internal energy is D)-200 J
C
(B)120.32J (C) 200 J
(A)440 J
Clhg)2HClp + 44 kcal. Calculate heat of formafin.
48. Consider the following reaction Ha)+
for 36.5 g of HC1. (D)11 kcal
(A)-44 kcal (B)-88kcal (C)-22kcal
standard condition with liberation of
e
e
is formed from its oloments under
49. One mole methanol
nc
nc
nc
238.9 kJ of heat energy. What is the valuo of
ASur.?
(C)472.8 J (D)238.9 J
ie
ie
ie
(A)711.7 J (B) 801.7J
Sc
Sc
Sc
temperatures, values of AH and AS respectively are
*50. For a reaction to be non-spontaneous at all
negative
(A)negative, negative (B) positive, positive (C) negative, positive (D)positive,
r
r
AH=-395.4 k.
ee
ee
ee
kJ. C(diamond)+Ota) CO2g),
51.If Comphit) + Oa) COg, AH-393.5
What is enthalpy of transformation of Cgnphito)Cralinimond) ?
ar
ar
ar
(A)- 1.9 kJ B) 788.9 ki (C) 1.9 k D) 589.5 kJ
C
C
1
52. When 2.3 g of gaseous sodium is ionized, 49.4 kJ of heat is required. What is enthalpy of
ionization of sodium?
(A)49.0 kJ mol B) 494 kJ mol C) 48.4 kJ mol D) 404 kJ mol
53. For a particular reaction, system absorbs 6 kJ of heat and does 1.5 kJ of work on its surrounding
e
e
What is enthalpy change of system?
nc
nc
nc
(A)+7.5 kJ (B)+6.0 k (C)+4.5 k D) -1.5kJ
ie
ie
ie
54. Calculate standard enthalpy of formation of benzene if, AcH°(CH6)0=- 3267 kJ,
Sc
Sc
AfCOo -393.5 kJ mol and AH° (H,O)0-285.8kJmol Sc egae 10.0

(A)-679.3 kJ mol (B)-38.6 mol kJ (C)48.6 kJ mol (D) +32.67 kJ mol
r
r
ee
ee
ee
55. Which of the following properties is extensive?
(A) Volumenoi ne (B) Density
t (C) Melting point :1 (D) Boiling Point
ar
ar
ar
56. Two moles of an ideal gas is expanded isothermally
and reversibly at 300K from 1L to 10
C
C
L
The enthalpy change in kJ is
(A)11.4kJ GES (B)-114kJTorts(C)ZerokJ
ssb (D)4.8kJ. 9sulT.S
MHT-CET 2020
57. Enthalpy of fusion
and enthalpy, of vaporization for,water
e
ce
ce
45.07 kJ mol" at 0°C. What respectively are,6.01 kJ mol

nc
and
is enthalpy of sublimation
at 0°C?
en
en
(A)48.07 k
mol(B)51.08kJ mol)
ie
(C)27.50kJ mol
D)39.06 kJ mol
ci
ci
58. For the following reaction:

Sc
rS
rS
FeO3+3CO 2Fe +3C02() AH°

of AS(ota) at 298 K? z-29.8 kJ and As° = 15 JK. What is va
ee
ee
ee
the
(A)29.8 J K"
B) 298.0 JK-1
ar
ar
ar
(C)100.0J K-
59. Which of the following (D) 115.0 JK
equations is correct
C
(A)AubH for heat of sublimation'?:dt

AuH+ AvapH Lsitial
(C)AuH AnibH x AvapH i)(B) AvapHl
Aubfl +Arus
to rsi f
sdt ic )AubH= AruH-AvapH
e
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
Chemlcal Thermodynamics (135)
60. Which of the following equations has A^H° and
AH° same7
(A) HateO2c0) >H2O¢) (B) N2+Ot) N,O3(g)
(C) 2C0%)+02g) 2C02(8) (D) CHA +2Ch >CH,Cl2(g) +2HCl()
e
e
nc
nc
nc
61. When 2 moles of an ideal gas are expanded isothermally
from a volume of 12.5 L to 15.0 L
against constant extermal pressure of 760 mm Hg.
ie
ie
ie
Calculate the amount of work done in joule?
(A)-1924.0 J (B)-25.325J (C)-253.25 J (D)-190.0 J
Sc
Sc
Sc
62. Which of the following is NOT an intensive property?
(A)Surface tension (B)Density
r
r
)Heat capacity (D)Refractive index
ee
ee
ee
63. For a reaction AH -30 kJ and AS =45 J K*, at what temperature reaction changes from
=
spontaneous to non-spontaneous?
ar
ar
ar
(A)666.6 K (B) 375.0 K (C)675.0 K
C
C
D)777.0 K
64. Which of the following compounds is Not present in its standard state at 25°C and 1
atmosphere
pressure?
(A)CaCO3() (B)C.HOHo (C)HOg (D)COg)
65. Average bond enthalpy of water is 464.5 k mol', If the energy required to break first O-H
e
e
bond 502 k mol", then how much energy per mol is required to break second O-H bond?
is
nc
nc
nc
(A)929 kJ (B) 678 kJ (C)427 kJ D)251 k
ie
ie
ie
66. In an isothermaland reversible process, 1.6 x 10 kg O2 expands from 10 dm' to 100 dm at
Sc
Sc
300 K, work done in the process is (R = 8.314 JK mol

Sc
(A)-5744 J (B)-1436 J (C)-2872J D)-4308J
r
r
ee
ee
ee
combustion of 1 mole of liquid benzene at 298 K, the heat of reaction at constant
67. For the
pressure is-3268 kJ mol. What is heat of combustion at constant volume?
ar
ar
ar
(R 8.314x 10 kJ Kmol
C
C
nmars(A)-6728 kJ mol(B)-672.8 k mol(C)-3264.2 kJ mol D)-1632 kl molr
08. For following reaction, relation between AH and AU is
2502)+O2(e) 2S0)
(A)AH=AU -2RT (B)AH AU+RT
(D)AH =AU+2RT
e
ce
ce
(C)AH AU- RT -().

nc
69. Heat of combustion of Co, Ha and CaHo) are -X, -*2 and -Xa respectively. Hence heat of
en
en
ie
formation of CaHa is
ci
ci
(D)-2x1-3xa tX3
Sc
(A)-x3 +2x1 +3x2 (B)-x1- X2 t X3 (Cx+X2- X3

rS
rS
0. Energy required to dissociate 16 g O) into free atoms 1s xKJ. The value of bond enthalpy of
O=O bond is
ee
ee
ee
(A)4x kJ (B) 2x kJ (C)16xkJ

ar
ar
ar
Which is true for heat and temperature?

C
A)Both are intensive properties otn(B) Intensive and extensive properties respectively
(C)Both are extensive properties 1itu(D)Extensive and intensive properties respectively
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
72. Relation between AH and AU for the reaction, 280( 2802e+O2g) is
(A)AH+AU=RT (B)AH+AU-RT
(C)AH-AU= 2RT (D)AH - AU = RT
73. What is the quantity of heat evolved whon 6 g carbon combines with sulphur to form Cs,
e
e
according to the reaction
nc
nc
nc
C+S CS AH=-92 kJ mol-?
ie
ie
ie
(A)11 k (B)46 kJ (C)32 kJ D)22 kJ
Sc
Sc
Sc
74. Which of the following conditions indicates the reaction is spontaneous7
(A)AS>0, AH <0, AG <0 at all temperature
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(B)AS<0, AH>0, AG>0 at low temperature
C)4s0, H>0, AG> 0 at high temperature
ar
ar
ar
D)AS <0, AH>0, AG>0 at all temperature
C
C
75. What is the value of ASqtota) for following reaction at 300 K ?
FeOs0+3cO 2Fe +3CO2(g) (AH°=-25kJ, AS°=15JK)
(A) 8.32 JK (B) 98.3 JK (C) 68.2 JK- D) -10.0 JK-
76. Calculate the amount of work done during isothermal expansion
of a gas from a volume of 4
e
e
dm to 6 dm' against a constant external pressure of 3 atmosphere?
nc
nc
nc
(A)-607.8J B)-60.8J (C)-30.4 J (D)-6.0 JJ
ie
ie
ie
77. What is the value of AH° for the formation
of ethanol from ethene gas and liquid water from
Sc
Sc
following data? Sc
) CHOHg +302()2C02(g)+3H,0 AH =-1368kJ
r
r
T) CHa)+302()2C02()+2H,0
ee
ee
ee
AH° =1410kJ totetesnos edt 01.tà
(A) +2778.0kJ 21 CT12
ar
ar
ar
(B)-1326.0kJ (C) +42.0 kJ D)-4188.0 kJ
C
C
78. An ideal gas expa ds. from 1 x m
10 to 1 x 10 m at 300
K against a constant externa
pressure of 1x10°N m", work
done is
(A)-0.7 x 10* J (B)-9x 10J (C)-9x 10J (D)-1x 10*
79. When a system absorbs
8 kJ of heat and does
J
internal energy change. 2.2 kJ of work on surrounding,
calculate tne
e
(A) 5.8 kJ
ce
ce
(B) 10.8 k
(C)-10.2kJ
nc
to 80.If 38.55 k of heat is absorbed (D) 8.0 kJ

en
en
when 6.0 g of O2 react

with CIF according to reaction
ie
2CF)+O2)
CLO+OF)
ci
ci
Sc
What is the standard enthalpy

ev
rS
rS
(A) 205.6 kJ of reaction?

(B) 102.8 k C) 72.28 kJ koD)
ee
ee
ee
49.80
81. A sample of gas
absorbs 4000 kJ
of heat and surrounding does
kJon
is the value of AU?
ar
ar
ar
2000 J of work What

(A) 4002 kJ OFK on sample.
(B) 4000 kJ
C
rio 82. An ideal

gas expands isothermally
(C)2000 kJ (D) 6000 kJ
5.187 kJ of work and reversibly from
on surrounding. Calculate 10 m to 20 m
(A) 3 number of moles of gas at 300 K, pertoming
(B) 2 used.,
(C)1.5
(D) 1 nl
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Chemical Thermodynamics (137)2
ar
ar
ar
83. Equilibrium constant for areaction is 20. What is the value of AG° at 300 K? (R=8 x 10
C
(A)-7.191 kJ mol kJ)
(B)-2.763 kJ mol(C)-5.527 kJ mol
D)16.63 kJ mol
84. If entropy of a solid is greater than zero,
at T= 0, it is called
(A)absolute entropy (B)formal entropy
(C)residual entropy (D)standard entropy
85. Standard enthalpy of formation of water is -286 kJ moll.
When 1800 mg of water is formed
e
e
from its constituent elements in their standard states the amount
of energy liberated is
nc
nc
nc
(A)2.86 kJ (B)57.2 kJ (C)5.72 kJ (D)28.6 kJ
ie
ie
ie
86. From the given reaction,
Sc
Sc
Sc
N2C)+3H2(g) 2NH3() AH=-92.6 kJ, the enthalpy of formation of NH; is
(A)-92.6 kJ (B)-46.3 kJ (C)-185.2 kJ (D)-138.9 k
r
r
ee
ee
ee
87. If 2 kJ of heat is released from system and 6 kJ of work is done on the system, what is enthalpy
change of system?
ar
ar
ar
(A)2 kJ (B) +8 kJ (C)-8 kJ (D)+6 kJ
C
C
88. For the reaction, N2(g)+3H2() 2NH3(p), AH is equal to
(A)AU - RT (B)AU+2RT (C)AU+ RT:T2o (D)AU -2RT
89. What is standard N =N bond enthalpy from following reaction?
e
e
N2+321 2NH AH°--83k
nc
nc
nc
AH-H =435 kJ, AH 389 kJ
ie
ie
ie
(A)2334 kJ (B) 435 kJ (C)946 kJ ED) 1305kJ
Sc
Sc
Sc
90. When 6.0 g of graphite reacts with dihydrogen to give methane gas, 37.4 kJ of heat is liberated.
What is standard enthalpy of formation of CH4?
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(A) -74.8 kJ mol (B)-112.2 kJ mol()-374 kJ mol(D)112.2 kJ mol
ar
ar
ar
91. When mole of gas is heated at constant volume and heat suppied is 500 J then which of the
1
C
C
following is correct?
(A)W=500 J, AU=0 (B)Q=500 J, W= 0
D)Q=-500 J, AU =0
(C)AU=-0.5 J, Q=-500 v HZ
92. What is the work done when 2 mole of an ideal gas is expanded isothermally and reversibly
from 5 m° to 10 m° at 300 K? (R = 8.314 JK mol)
e
ce
ce
(C)3.458 kJ (D)-1.725 kJ
nc
(A)-34.58 kJ (B)-3.458 kJ
en
en
to carbon dioxide and water is -1172 kJ moll

ie
93. The heat of combustion of acetaldehyde

were completely oxidized
ci
ci
Calculate amount of heat liberated when 66 g of acetaldehyde

Sc
rS
rS
(At. Mass C= 12, H= 1,0=16) (C) 2344 kJ (D)1758 kJ

(A)1172 kJ (B) 6600 kJ
ee
ee
ee
spontaneous at all temperatures?

*9
4. When will be the reaction becomes
ar
ar
ar
-vec
(A)AH= +ve, AS +ve, AG=
C
AS=-Ve, AG = +ve
(B)AH= +ve,
(C)AH=-ve, AS=-ve, AG=-ve
AS = +ve, AG =-ve
(D)AH=-ve,
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
95. An ideal gas expands isothermally and reversibly from 10 m to 20 m° at 300 K perfoimi
C
ming
5.187 kJ of work on surrounding. Calculate number of moles of gas undergoing expansion.
(R 8.314 JK mol)
(A)2 (B)3 (C)1.5 te (D)1
*96. If AH° and AS° for the reaction NO4g)2NO2(g) is 57.24 kJ and 175.8 JKmol respectiyvely
e
e
What is the value of AG° for this reaction at 298 K?
nc
nc
nc
(A) 57.24 kJ (B)-17.58 kJ (C)4.85 k D)4.85 KJ
ie
ie
ie
97. Which of the following is an extensive property?
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A) Density (B) Surface tension (C) Specific heat D) Volume 2
98. For the reaction, CaH,OH%+302) 2C02g)+3HO

r
r
ee
ee
ee
Which among the following is true?
K o (A) AH= AU+2 RT (B) AH==AU+RT (C)AH=AU-2 RT (D) AH= AU-RT
ar
ar
ar
99. Work done when 2 moles of an ideal gas is compressed from a volume of 5 m
C
C
to 1
dm at
300K, under a pressure of 100 kPais
(A)-409.9 kI B)-99.5 kJ (C)424.95 kJ (D) 499.9 kJ
0
100. In which of the following reactions, AH is not equal to AU.?
(A) SO) + NO2
T A(A
SO(+NO(e) 8) N)Og) N) zt 16722
e
e
(C) H+ +1
2H (D) 2S02e) +O2g

nc
nc
nc
2S032)
101. If heat of combustion of methane is -800 kJ
ie
ie
ie
mol, calculate enthalpy change for combustion
of 4x 10 kg of methane.
Sc
Sc
(A)-800 kJ
Sc
(B)-3.2x 10*kJ C)-280 k (D)-20 kJ
r
r
102. Thermodynamics deals with
ee
ee
ee
(A) microscopic properties of system
(B) macroscopic properties of the systemn
ar
ar
ar
ad: oe dC) rates at which physical and chemical processes occur
C
C
D) the path between the two states of the system
*103. Which of the following set of parameters
indicte spontaneity of rection at
(A) AH= tve, AS= all temperatures?
tv
(C) AH =-ve, AS = +ve,
e, AG-ve (B) AH+ ve, AS = -ve, AG=+ve
AG=-ve (D) AH = -ve, AS =-ve, AG =+
E5.7 ve
*104.The standard entropies
e
ce
ce
ofN2g), Hzte and NH,(e are 191.5,

130.5 and 192.6 J K°mol
nc
respectively. The values AS°

of for formation of NH is
en
en
ie
(A)-98.9 JKmol (B) Zero

(1
ci
ci
Sc
C)129.4 JK mol otikulsoi (D)-29.4 J K molihroisd st.80

rS
rS
105. For an isothermal process

(A)Q<W,C
ee
ee
ee
(B)Q=-W
106. Heat of formation water
of
C)Q=W
40)Q>WtJA A
ar
ar
ar
by 750 kJ of heat? is-272 kJ mol What quantity of water is converted H2 anu

to
C
(A) 7.5 mol (B) 2.75 mol (C) 5.5 mol

*107. At what temperature, (D) 0.275 mol
a chemical reaction will
AG=-5.2KI mol, have following values of AG,
AH = 145.6 kJ AS and AH?
(A) 698.1 K
mol, AS=-216 kJ mol
(B) 650.0 K
(C) 823.0 K
D) 425.0K
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Chemlcal Thermodynamics (139)
C
108. Heat of formation of ethane, ethylene acetylene and carbon dioxide
are -136, -66, -228 and
-395 (all in kJ) respectively, most stable among them is
(A) Carbon dioxide (B) Acctylene (C) Ethylene (D)Ethane
109. Which of following is residual entropy of a substance?
(A)entropy of solid cqual to 0 at T=0
e
e
(B) entropy of solid cqual to 0 at T= 273 K
nc
nc
nc
(C) entropy of solid greater than 0 at T= 273 K
ie
ie
ie
(D)entropy of solid grcater than 0 at T 0 K
Sc
Sc
Sc
110. For a reaction, AH=-50 kJ, AS = -150 JKat 400 K. What is the value of AG?
(A) +10 kJ (B)-110 k (C) -10kJ (D)-50.15 k
r
r
ee
ee
ee
111. From the following reaction, calculate the amount
of heat liberated during formation of 75
ethane.
ar
ar
ar
CHae)+ H2) C,Hg(g)AH=-124 kJ mol
C
C
(Atmass C= 12, H= 1)
(A) 248 kI (B) 310 kJ (C)372 kJ (D) 284 kJ
112. Which of the following reactions is NOT exothermic?
e
e
nc
nc
nc
A) Ha)+;O2() H,O+286 kJ 3 in
ie
ie
ie
(B) 2KCIO
2KCl +30,9)+78 kJ
Sc
Sc
(C)Na(e)+202 2NO266.4 kJub tszodi

Sc
D) CHD+20) CO+2H,O +890k
r
r
ee
ee
ee
113. For combustionof 1 mole of liquid benzene at 298 K, the heat of reaction at constant volume is
ar
ar
ar
-3264.2 kJ. What is the heat of combustion at constant pressure? (R = 8.314 JK' mol)
(A)-3267.9 kJ mol (B)-816.9 k mol(C)-2439.2 kJ mol (D)-1633.9 kI mol
C
C
114. Standard entropies of N2(e)» Ht) and NHae are a1, and a
value of AS° for formation ot NH3(g)
a2 JK mol respectively. What is
y
1
(A)
a,ta 36L B) a,-|
e
ce
ce
E o t(D) a
nc
en
en
ie
115.If 200 mL of ethylene gas and 200 mL of HCI gas are allowed to react at 2
atmosphere pressure
ci
ci
Sc
as per given reaction,

rS
rS
CHa) +HCl CH,Cl

ee
ee
ee
Calculate pressure volume work in Joule,

ar
ar
ar
(A) 20.26 J be(B) 54.40 J d t(C) 40.52 J (D) 26.20J

C
116, How many gram of water is decomposed by 429 kJ of heat if heat of decomposition of water is
286kJ mol?
(A) 27 g (B) 40 g yrE(C) 36 g t 21 (D) 22.5 g
aut.81
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
117. Identify endothermic reaction from following.
o
i etet ie2
(A) 2KCIO 2KCl +306) +78 kJ
(B) N2(g)t+ 202(g) -66.4RJ
2NO)-66.4
(C) CH +202() CO2)+2H,0+890 +890 kJ
e
e
nc
nc
nc
D) H 0 H,O +286 kJ
ie
ie
ie
*118.At what temperature, a chemical reaction will have following values?
Sc
Sc
Sc
AG 4 kJ, AH=-60 kJ, AS=-160 J
(A)300 K (B) 250 K (C) 350 K (D)400 K
r
r
ee
ee
ee
119. Standard molar entropy is
(A)the absolute entropy of one mole of a pure substance at 1 atm and 25 °C
ar
ar
ar
(B)the absolute entropy of one mole of a pure substance at atm and 298 °C
1
(C) the absolute entropy of one mole of a pure substance at 700 mm pressure and 25 °C
C
C
Dthe absolute entropy of one gram of a pure substance at 1 atm and 298 °C
120. Three mole of an ideal gas expand isothermally and reversibly from 10 m° to 20 m at 300 K,
calculate the work done. (R=8.314 JK mol
(A)-1037.4 kJ (B)-2593.5 kJ 2(C)-51.87k irD)-5.187 k
e
e
121.A systenm releases 15 kJ of energy as heat and does 10 kJ work on surrounding, calculate
nc
nc
nc
internal energy change.
(A)5kJ (B)-5 kJ
ie
ie
ie
(C)-25 kJ D) 25 kI 2
Sc
Sc
Sc
122.Calculate the amount of heat liberated during formation of 2.7 kg of water if heat of formation
of water is -284.5 kJ mol
(A) 4.267 x 10 kJ (B) 4.267 x 10 kJ (C)1.896 x 10 kJ
r
r
D) 2.896 x 10'kJ
ee
ee
ee
123. For which of the following reaction, AH=AU?
ar
ar
ar
(A)2 CO+O 2 CO (B) HOg
HO
C) H2+ Br2¢) (D)PCls APCl)+Cl) eroe-A
C
C
2 HBr
124. Which of the following equations shows the relationship
between heat of reaction at constant
pressure and heat of reaction at constant volume if
the temperature is not constant?
(A)AH- An= AURT (B)AH=AU-RT
(C)AH=AnRT
D)AH AU = AnRT
-
e
ce
ce
125. If C) +O2 CO2 g) AH =-396 kJ mol', calculate heat liberated during formation o
nc
0.154 kg of CO2.
en
en
12831 A) 1386.0 kJ (B)346.5 k

ie
(C)693.0 kJ aiD)1039.5 kJ12r

ci
ci
126. The H-H bond energy is 430

Sc
kJ mol and Cl-Cl bond energy is 240 kJ

mol.
rS
rS
-90 kJ, then H-Cl bond energy is AH for H

(A)213 kJ mol B) 180 kJ mol (C) 360 kJ mol
ee
ee
ee
(D)425 kJ mol
127. Heat of combustion
of liquid benzene to carbon dioxide and water is
the amount of heat liberated is -3266 kJ mol". Wna
ar
ar
ar
when 780 mg of benzene is fully

(At mass of C= 12, H= 1) oxidised?
C
(A)65.32 kJ (B) 326.6 k (C)16.33 k (D)32.66 kJ

128. Which of the following is
an intensive property?
(A)Internal energy (B) Mass
(C) Volume
D)Melting point
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
129. When will be change Gibb's free energy always negative?
in
(A)AH and AS both positive at low temperature.

B)AH= negative, AS = positive, at all temperatures.
(C)AH positive, AS = negative at all temperatures.
e
e
nc
nc
nc
D)AH and AS both negative at high temperature
ie
ie
ie
130. Heat of formation of SO, is-298 kJ mol. Calculate enthalpy change during formation of 4 8
Sc
Sc
Sc
of SO2.
(A)-32.8 kJ (B)-18.6 kJ
nC-37kJ (D)-20.4kJ
r
r
ee
ee
ee
131. Identify the unit used for measurement of energy according to international system of units?
(A)JK"mol (B)kg m s2 C)kg ms? D)kgms
ar
ar
ar
C
C
132.The equilibrium constant for a reaction is 10, value of AG at 300Kis (R =8 x 10 k)
(A) 11.054 kJ mol (B)2.763 kJ mol (C) 5.527 kJ mol (D)-5.527 kJ mol
133. Heat of formation of H,0 is -270 kJ mol, How much water can be decomposed by 675 kJ of
heat?
(A) 45 g (B) 33 g
e
e
(C)40 g (D) 27 g
nc
nc
nc
134.When will be the reaction becomes spontaneous at all temperatures?
ie
ie
ie
(A) AH= +ve or -ve, AS = 0, AG = 0
Sc
Sc
(B)AH=-ve, AS =+ve, AG=-vet ECEITtot E

Sc
(C) AH=+ve, AS ==-ve, AG=tve
r
r
(D) AH=-ve, AS =-ve, AG =-ve or +ve
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
135. A sample of gas absorbs 4000,kJ of heat and surrounding does 2000 J of work on sample, what
is the value of AU?
C
C
(A) 4000 kJ (B) 6000 k (C) 2000 kJ (D) 4002 kJ
136. Which of the following statements does not represent first law of thermodynamics?
(A) The spontaneous flow of heat is always unidirectional from high to low temperature.
(B) The total internal energy of an isolated system is constant
(C) Total energy of universe is constant.
e
ce
ce
(D) When one form of energy disappears, exactly equivalent amount of other form must appear.
nc
en
en
ie
137. Given that,

ci
ci
,
Sc
C+O2)CO1) AH-Xk
rS
rS
2C0+Oqi 2COi AH'=-Y then standard enthalpy of formation of carbon monoxide is

2(8)
ee
ee
ee
(A) Y 2Xk (B) 2X- Y kJ
kJ
ar
ar
ar
(D).
(C) l4,
C
158.2.5 kJ of work is done on the system and it releases 1500 J of heat. What is the change in
internal energy?
(A)4000 JJ (B) 1000 J (C) 1500 J (D)2500 J
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
SOLUTIONS
1. (C)
Heat of formation is amount of lheat absorbed or evolved when
I mole of substance is formea
rmed
from its elements.
e
e
Given, mass of CO2=0.176 kg= 176 g
nc
nc
nc
Molecular weight of CO2= I nmolc of CO2=44 g
C O2 CO2-393 kJ
ie
ie
ie
g 2 x 16g 44g
Sc
Sc
Sc
Heat evolved when 44 g of CO2 is produced = - 393 kJ
Heat evolved when 176 g of CO2 is produced = x176=-1572 kJ

r
r
44
ee
ee
ee
2. (C) oF )
ar
ar
ar
Enthalpy is total heat content of system.
C
C
H U (internal energy)+Pv
3. (B) 16.1
AH = AU+PAV= AU+ AngRT
PCls(g) PCl(g) +CL{g)
Ang )2-1=1
.
e
e
x
AH= AU+1 RT
nc
nc
nc
AH> AU
ie
ie
ie
4. D)
Sc
Sc
Bond dissociation energy=- bond formation energy

Sc
Given, bond energy of hydrogen =433 kJ.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Bond dissociation energy of one mole of H2 = 433 kJ.
ar
ar
ar
Bond dissociation energy of 0.5 mole of H =+216.5 kJs e to slattse A
C
C
5. B)
Heat of combustion is total heat changes accompanying
when one mole of substance undergor
00A
complete combustion in excess of
oxygen.it s
S+O2^ SO2 AH=298 kJ

Heat of formation of SO = heat
of combustion of SO2
e
ce
ce
Combustion of 32gof S (=1 mole of S) gives heat Atomic mass of S =32 g

nc
298 kJ
en
en
Combustion of 4 g of S gives
ie
heat =
x4=-37.25 kJ
32
ci
ci
6. (B)
Sc
rS
rS
W =-PAV
asei Given,P = 100 kPa=
10 Pa, Vi=1dm'= 10m', V2=
ee
ee
ee
W 10x (1 10*) J= 99900 J

- lm
ar
ar
ar
7. (A)
AHreaction Y(
C
2AH of products2 AH of reactants

AHCaH-21.1 kcal, AH CO2=-94.1 kcal,
AHH,0-68.3 kcal
CH+02 2C0+3H,0
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
AHcombustion 2 AH CO+3AH;H;0]-AH,CH+AHO2
7
2x(-94.)+3 (-68.3)1--21.1+x0
2
-188.2- 204.9) +21.1=-393.1+21.1=-372 kcal
e
e
8. (A)
nc
nc
nc
AU=Q+W
Q =0 (: temperature is to be increased, no heat should enter or leave the system)
ie
ie
ie
AU= Q+W 0+W or AU= W
Sc
Sc
Sc
W#0, Q=0
r
r
ee
ee
ee
9.(C)
Internal energy, enthalpy and entropy are state functions but work and heat are path functions.
ar
ar
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10.(B)
C
C
Hess's law is based upon law of conservation of energv7} ::50pgerV9t }
11. (C)
The heat of reaction for ideal gas, at constant pressure and volume is,
QQt+ AnRT
e
e
12. (A)
nc
nc
nc
Heat of decomposition of water is H2O(g)> H:(g)+02(g).
ie
ie
ie
H
AH= +573.2286.6kJ/mol
Sc
Sc
130 Sc
13. (C)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
The bond energy is the energy required to break one mole of similar bonds.
ar
ar
ar
14. (B)
C
C
know that, AH = AU + AnkT,
TsWe
Where, An- number of moles of gaseous products - number of moles of gaseous reactants
2-3-1
So, AH AU - RT
e
ce
ce
nc
15. (C)
en
en
CH4+ 202>CO2 +2H,0; AH-800 kJ 0H

ie
168
ci
ci
Sc
Heat of combustion of 16 x 10 kg CH4-800 kJ

rS
rS
800x 4x 10
Heat of combustion of 4 x 10 kg CH4 will be = =-20 kJdue
16x10
ee
ee
ee
16. (B)
ar
ar
ar
t at.ret 3
2.303 nRT log2=-2.303xx8.314x300
W
log
C
-2872 Js-2875 J
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
17.(A)
When P, V and Tare same and mass is also same, work done depends only upon molecular mass,
C
W (Where, M=molecular mass)
Among the given gases, NH3 has lowest molecular mass, so work done is maximum for it,.
18. (C)
e
e
We know that, AU = Q+ w. Ifheatsupplied from the surrounding,Q=0
nc
nc
nc
AU= W
ie
ie
ie
i.e. Work is done at the expense of only internal energy and Q= 0 for adiabatic process.
Sc
Sc
Sc
19. (C)
The reaction for the formation of water is as
,
r
r
ee
ee
ee
9..71931
Ha0 H,0, AH= 260 kJ )
ar
ar
ar
On reversing Equation (1), we gety t ysk i or: seni z
l 22
C
C
H,O H+02 AH -260 kJ .(i)
I mol
By 260 kJ heat water decomposed=1l mol

Ix130 =
130kJ heat will decompose water= 0.5 mol
260
e
e
nc
nc
nc
20. (C)
C+O2 CO2, AH=-393.5 kJ/mol
ie
ie
ie
Heat released upon the formation of 44 gof CO2 = -393.5 kJ
Sc
Sc
Sc
Heat released upon the formation of 1 g of CO2 = -393.5TkJ
44
r
r
ee
ee
ee
.Heat released upon the formation of 35.2 g of CO2 = -393.535.2-315k
44
ar
ar
ar
21. (B)
According to Hess's law, the heat of reaction depends upon the
C
C
initial & final conditions of reactants.
22. (C)
We know that, AH = AU+AngRT
H2-H=U2-Ui+ (n2RT -niRT) or H2-Hi-U2+Ui=n2RT-nnRT,
e
ce
ce
23. (B)
nc
en
en
) Hg)+5O-8)> H,O(); AH-286 kJ

ie
ci
ci
()H:0)> H:O(9;
Sc
rS
rS
18 g
On subtracting (1) from ()D
ee
ee
ee
H2(g)+O2(g)>H,O(6) AH=-286-6--292
kJ
ar
ar
ar
: On formation of 18 g ice, change

in enthalpy- 292 kJ
C
On formmation
of 100 gice, change in enthalpy=- 292x100
18
=-1622kJ
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
24.(A)
Work done, W-Pet (V2-V)
Here, Pext 100 kPa
VI = 5m' = 5 x 10PL
V21 dm' =1 L
W -100 x (1 500)-499900kPa
e
e
-
L
=499900 J = 499.9 kJ
nc
nc
nc
(: kPaL=1kJ) 1
25. (C)
ie
ie
ie
For the reaction
Sc
Sc
Sc
2Ha(g)+ Oa) 2 HO() AS negative
more ordered state less disorderd sate
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Three gas-phase moles are converted into two
moles of liquid. The more disorderd state
becomes less disordered state. The entropy of the system decreases
because disorder decreases.
ar
ar
ar
a) (aq)
4 AS positive
C
C
H(g) 2H(g) AS positive
CaCOs (s) Ca0+CO2 (g) AS positive
26. (B)
W AnRT
e
e
No. of mole=-.090
30x10-33
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
CHe)+ 70,(e) >2co(g)+3H,0()for 11
Sc
Sc
= -2.5
Sc
An
W
=
n2-n2-4.5
-(-2.5 x 8.314 x 10 x 300 x 3)= 18.7 kJ
r
r
ee
ee
ee
27.(B)
ar
ar
ar
In adiabatic expansion, AT * 0, AU #0.
C
C
28. (A)
-PAV= =-100 (1 -0.01)-100 (-0.99) 99 kJ
29. (A)
AU Qv is the mathematical equation of first law of thermodynamics for isochoric process.
30. (B)
e
ce
ce
nc
AG <0 is the criteria for spontaneous proces3.

en
en
31.(B)
ie
ci
ci
Heat capacity is the only extensive property out of the given options.
Sc
rS
rS
32. (D)
CH4)+2020)COg+ 2H;0p
ee
ee
ee
Amount of work done = -AnRT

ar
ar
ar
mole of methane reacts with 2 moles of oxygen to produce I moles of C02.

I
Hence, 0.5 mole of CH reacts with mole of O2 to produce mole of CO
1
C
D moles of reactants= 1.5

1
n2 moles of product = .
An=n2- n1= -1.5 =-0.5 1
W-(-0.5) x 300x 8.314 J K" mol'=+2494 J

ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
33. (C)
Work done in chemical reaction is
W=- AngRT
C,H()+0, (s)> 200,(8)+3H,0()
An=2-4.5 =- 2.5
e
e
nc
nc
nc
6.2355 kJ
W+2.5 x 8.314 x 300
For 30gI mole = 6.2355 kJ
ie
ie
ie
For 90g=3 moles= 18.71 kJ
Sc
Sc
Sc
34. (B)
W=-PadV, AV=(0.01
m Im")= 0.99 m=-100 kPa (-0.99) m' = 99 kJ
r
r
- -
ee
ee
ee
35.(A)
ar
ar
ar
First law of thermodynamics is, AU =Q+w
C
C
For isothermal process, AU =0 Q=-w
36. (C)
A(reaction) energy necessary to break reactant bonds'- energy necessary to break product
bonds
e
e
Arescsion)2AHeactant bonds) 2Aproduct bonds)
nc
nc
nc
37.(A)
ie
ie
ie
First law of thermodynamics is
Sc
Sc
AU Q+P. AV
Sc
When P is constant i.e. isobaric process
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Q-Qp AU-Qp-Pes AV
ar
ar
ar
38. (A)
P 101.325 k Pa = 101325 Pa
C
C
Vi= 10 dm' = 10 x 10 m' =10 m°, V=2 m
W -P (AV)
=-101325x (2-0.01)
=(-101325) x (+1.99)J=-201.636 kJ
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
CH,OH +302g) 2C02(0) + 3H,O¢)

ie
ci
ci
An =2-3 =-1
Sc
rS
rS
W=-An RT 3
W+(0)x x 300=2494.2J
ee
ee
ee
8.314
For 46 g ethanol work done
» 2494.2
138 gethanolwork done xJ J
ar
ar
ar
C
u on hew îo ui
482.6
46
40. (A)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Chemical Thermodynamics (1472
C
41. (B)
co+u Co An1-1.5= -0.5

AH AU+ AngRRT
AH AU AngRT=(-0.5) x2x 300 =-300 cal
e
e
nc
nc
nc
42. (D)
=
V 300 cm°, V2
2.5L, T =300 K, P=1.9 atm, n=3
=
ie
ie
ie
As gas expands against constant external pressure,
Sc
Sc
Sc
W =-PAV= -1.9(2.5--0.3)=-1.9(2.2)
L atm x 101.3
r
r
=4.18 423.43 J.
ee
ee
ee
atm
43. (B)
ar
ar
ar
AH AU+PAV or AH= AU + AnRT
C
C
AH AU at An = 00
Inthe reaction, C()+ O2(g)> COg) , An 0
44. (A)
45.(A)iftset7r
otAccording to modified first law of thermodynamics mass and energy are interconvertible when
e
e
nc
nc
nc
mass decreases, energy increases in some process.
46. (C)
ie
ie
ie
AU= Q+ W
Sc
Sc
For isochoric process, AV 0

=
Q=AU
Sc
For adiabatic process, Q= 0 AU= W d
r
r
For isobaric process AP = 0 Q= AU+ W
ee
ee
ee
bE Ror isothermal process AU=0
ar
ar
ar
47. (D)
C
C
W-0.320 kJ = -320 J
Q=120 J
.AU
=
Q+ W 120-320- 200 J
48. (C)
49.(B)
e
ce
ce
nc
AH TAS
en
en
38.9x10 J 801.7J
A
ie
=
AS= 298 K
ci
ci
Sc
53. (B) 54. (C)

rS
rS
50.(D) 52. (B) 55. (A)

51. (C)
56. (C)
ee
ee
ee
For isothermal reaction of ideal gas

enthalpy change zero.
ar
ar
ar
57. (B)
AfisH = 6.01 kJ mol
C
AvapH= 45.07 kJ mol, AsubH =?

For sublimation at 0°C,
H,O >H,Oa) A H,O%
AsubH = 6.01 +45.07 = 51.08 kJ mol"
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
1t(148) MHT-CET Exam Questionss
ar
ar
ar
58. (D)
t
surrounding. Hence the entropy ofthe
C
Since the reaction is exothermic, system loses heat to
surrounding increases.
AHgur +29.8 kJ = 29800 J
ASsur Au 27000100 JK
T 298
ASsur = 15 + 100= 115 JK"
e
e
ASTotalASsys+ itr
nc
nc
nc
59.(A) 60. (A)
ie
ie
ie
61. (C)
m, 10 m,
Sc
Sc
Sc
n2 mol, Vi = 12.5 L= 12.5x 10 V2 = 15.0 L= 15.0 x
P=760 mm of Hg 1.013 x 10 Nm
r
r
W -Peaxt(V2-Vi)=-1.013 x 10 (15.0- 12.5)10*3
ee
ee
ee
-2.5325 x 10x 10
ar
ar
ar
W =-253.25 J
C
C
62. (C)
i. Extensive property- heat capacity (depends on the amount of matter present in the system)
rs sii. Intensive property-surface tension, density, refractive index (independent of the amount of
matter present in the system)
e
e
63. (A)
nc
nc
nc
AH-30 kJ, AS= -45JK=-0.045 kJ K-1
30
ie
ie
ie
-30 kJ = 666.67 KK
T
Sc
Sc
AS -0.045 kJK Sc
Since AH and AS are both negative, the reaction
is spontaneous at low temperature and non-
r
r
spontaneous above 666.67 K.
ee
ee
ee
64. (C)
ar
ar
ar
Water at 25° C is present in liquid state.
C
C
65. (C)
Average bond enthalpy of H2O is
464.5 kJ mol
H,O H%+OH%
.
AH =
502kJ mol
OH H%+O AH2 =?
e
ce
ce
,
nc
Average bond enthalpy= A

ta
en
en
ie
2
464.5 x 2 502+ AH2
ci
ci
Sc
AH2=929-502=427 kJ,mol
rS
rS
vgim ent ne
66. (C)
aiST linoti023 1
ee
ee
ee
Vi = 10 dm ,V2= 100
dm', T 300 K,
ar
ar
ar
R 8.314 JK
mol, mo. = 1.6 x 10
kg=16g
C
n O it: L0. HggL

Mo, =0.5mol
=
Mo
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
21Chemical Thermodynamics (149)
C
For isothermal and reversible process,
V
Wmx =-2.303 nRT logio2
V
WmaT =-2.303 x 0.5 x 8.314 x 300 logio 100 =-2872 Jiurg
,0f3 19
e
e
10
67.(C)
nc
nc
nc
CH
ie
ie
ie
6Co +3H,O
O
Sc
Sc
Sc
Q-3268 kJ mol ,Ang)=-1.5
r
r
T 298 K, R=8.314x 10 kJK mol,
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Now,
C
C
Qp-Q+An RT
.Q =Q-An RT
-3268--1.5) x 8.314 x 103 x 298]
-3268+3.716
.
e
e
Qy =-3264.284 kJ mol
nc
nc
nc
68. (C)
ie
ie
ie
AHAU+AnRT
Sc
Sc
2SO2)+O2s) 2S03)
Sc
An =ng-n, =2-3-1
.
r
r
- RT
ee
ee
ee
AH=AU
EE "T i
ar
ar
ar
69.D)
C
C
i. C+0 CO AH-x1
i. H,+o,H,O AH-X2
2CO,
ii. CH,+0, +3H,0 AH;=-xs
e
ce
ce
nc
Multiply equation (i) by 2 + multiply equation (ii) by 3 - equation (iii)

en
en
2C+3H, C,Hs
ie
ci
ci
Sc
AH
. 2AH +3AH2- AH3
rS
rS
AH=-2x -3x2+X3
70.(B)
ee
ee
ee
71.(D)
72.(D) Ao20
ar
ar
ar
2S0 >28020+O2)
C
An =3-2=1
Now, AH= AU+ AnRT
AH-AU= RT
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
73.(B)
C
C+S CS,
AH--92kJ mol" (Endothermic reaction)
For 12 g C, heat evolved = 92 kJ
For 6 g C, heat evolved 46 k
e
e
nc
nc
nc
74. (A)
ie
ie
ie
75. (B)
The reaction the exothermic,
Sc
Sc
Sc
AHuT =+25 kJ =25000 J
= 83.33 JK
Au 2000
r
r
ASsu
ee
ee
ee
T 300 K
AStotal ASsys +ASpurr
ar
ar
ar
= 15 JK+83.33 JK"
C
C
= 98.33 JK"
AStotal
76. (A)
VI=4 dm, V2=6 dm', Pex =3 atm
Now, W = -Pe« (V2-Vi)=-3(6-4)
-6 L. atm=-6 x 101.3 J
e
e
W 607.8 J
nc
nc
nc
77. (C) TgbU=
ie
ie
ie
Subtract equation (i) from equation (ti)
Sc
Sc
AH= 1410- 1368 -42 kJ Sc

78. (B)
.
r
r
V=1x10 m = 0.001 m
ee
ee
ee
V2 =1x 10 m = 0.01 m
ar
ar
ar
Paa1x 10 Nm
C
C
W=-Pex (V2- Vi) =-1x 10° (0.01 -0.001)
-0.009 x 10
W =-9 x 10 J
79.(A) ,H
Q +8 kJ,
. AU=Q+W W-2.2kJ
e
ce
ce
8-2.2 5.8k
nc
en
en
80.(A)
ie
2CIF+O2g)
ci
ci
ClLO) +OF2g)
Sc
rS
rS
For 6.0 g of O2
AH= +38.55 kJ Xx i
PorFor 32.0gof O AH°= 38,35 x 32 K). (.0
ee
ee
ee
205.6 kJ
ar
ar
ar
81. (A)
Q=+4000 kJ, W = +2000 J =
C
+2 kJ
AU Q+W= 4000+2 4002 kJ
82. (A) T9nA+A HA wo
Vi=10 m' = 10 x 10 dm T AHA
V2 20 m' = 20 x 10* dm'
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Thermodynamics (151)
Chemlcal
C
=
T 300 K, W=-5.187 kJ -5187J
W=-2.303 nRT log-2
-5187-Z.303 x nx 8.314 x 300 x logio 20x1

10x10
e
e
nc
nc
nc
5187
n 2.303x8.314x 300x0.301
ie
ie
ie
3 moles
Sc
Sc
Sc
83.(A)
K 300 K, R =8 x 103 kJ K- mol
r
r
20, T
ee
ee
ee
AG -2.303 RT logi0 K
-2.303 x 8 x 10 x
ar
ar
ar
300 x logo(20)
AG=-7.191 kJ mol
C
C
84. (C)
85.(D)
AH= -286 kJ mol"

e
e
18 g
nc
nc
nc
For 18 g of H20, amount of energy liberated=286 kJ mol
ie
ie
ie
. For 1.8 g of H20, amount of energy liberated= =28.6 k
Sc
Sc
18 Sc
86. B)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
N2)+3H2) AH=-92.6 kJ
2NH3(g)AH
io us T
ar
ar
ar
9l
Enthalpy of förmation of NH=
2
=46.3 k0
C
C
87.(A)
Q=-2 kJ, W +6 k
AU=Q+W=-2+6
=
4 kJ
Now, AH =AU-W 4- 6- -2 kJ
e
ce
ce
88.(D)
nc
en
en
Nae+3H2) 2NH
ie
ci
ci
=
.An 2-4 -2
Sc
rS
rS
AH= AU + An RT = AU - 2RT
89.(C)
ee
ee
ee
N+3H2 2NH AH° =-83 kJ

ar
ar
ar
AH AH -2AH° (product bonds)

(reactant bonds)
C
AH oN=N) +3AH o1-1l -[64H N-m

-83
AH
AH(N= N) +3(435) 6(389) -
=N) + 1305-2334 (2.0

-83 AHN 946 kJ
**AHN= N)= -83- 1305+2334
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
(152)MHT-CET:Exam Questions
ar
ar
ar
C
C
90.(A)
Co+2H CHAH=-37.4 kJ
For 6.0 g of graphite,
AH 14KIL -74.8 kI mol 1 82
For 12.0g of graphite, 6
e
e
nc
nc
nc
91. (B)
0
J, At constant volume, AV
=
Q. 500 slorn
ie
ie
ie
= 0
W-PAV
Sc
Sc
Sc
92. (B)
m, V2= 10m
r
r
2 mole, Vi 5
ee
ee
ee
T 300 K, R-8.314 JK mol hao 00
ar
ar
ar
Wmax-2.303 nRT log10V
C
C
V
10
Wmax =-2.303 x 2x 8.314 x300 logio
=-3457.97J
. Wmax =-3.458 kJ
e
e
nc
nc
nc
93.(D)
2C0, + 2H,0 AH=-1172 kJ mol to g8 t0
ie
ie
ie
CH,CHO+2.50,
Sc
Sc
For 44 g of CH,CHO, AH=-1172 kJ mol Sc

66 g of CH,CHO , AH= -1758 kJmol
r
r
ee
ee
ee
44
The amount of heat liberated.when 66 g of acetaldehyde were completely oxidised is
ar
ar
ar
1
1758 kJ mol
C
C
94.(D)
95. (B)
Vi=10 m, V2=20 m', T 300 K
=
Wmax-5.187 kJ = -5187 J , n=? HA wo

e
ce
ce
WmAx-2.303 nRT log10 tT).82

nc
en
en
ie
5187 2.303 x nx 8.314 x 300 logi0 20

ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
n 5187 5187
2.303x8.314x300xlog,2 2.303x8.314x300x0.3010
ee
ee
ee
n mol
ar
ar
ar
96. (C)
C
NOAg)>2NO2g) AH= 57.24 kJ

AG AH-TAS As= 0.1758 kJ K mol
=
57.24-298 (0.1758)
= 4.8516 kJ
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
97. (D)
Property of matter that
depends on the amount
Volume is an extensive property. of matter in the system.
98. (D)
e
e
CaHOHo* 302g) 2C02)+3H40t '
nc
nc
nc
Ang 2-3=-1
ie
ie
ie
AH AU+ Ang RT
AH AU- RT
Sc
Sc
Sc
99. (D)
r
r
No. of moles = 2
ee
ee
ee
Initial volume Vi5 m
Final volume V2=1 dm = 102 m
ar
ar
ar
Pressure 100 kPa =10° Pa
C
C
W =-PAV =-P (V2-Vi)
= 10° (10-5)
W 499.9 kJ
100.(D)
AH AU+AngRT
e
e
IfAng=0, then AH=AU
nc
nc
nc
2S0, +0,( 2SOa)
ie
ie
ie
Ang-1
Sc
Sc
AH# AU Sc
In all other reactions An, =0 > AH =AU
r
r
101.(D)
ee
ee
ee
CH+20, CO,+2H,0
ar
ar
ar
16 gm
Given Heat of combustion of 16x 10 kg of methane =-800 kJ/mol.

C
C
Enthalpy change for combustion of 4 x 10kg of methane = ?
E10 -800x4x10
20 kJ mol.
16x103
102. (B)
Thermodynamics deals with energy changes of macroscopic systems involving a large number
e
ce
ce
a molecules.
of molecules rather than microscopic systems containing few
nc
en
en
103. (C)
ie
AG AH-TAS
ci
ci
Sc
For spontaneity,
rS
rS
AG-ve
If AH=-ve, AS=+ve then
ee
ee
ee
AG=-ve at all temperatures.

ar
ar
ar
104. (A)
C
Na+Ha NHs)
AS"= (AS")oducta- (AS")eactants odii 2 10 tt n t lts fe g
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
m
as-192.6-x191.5+x130.5
= 192.6-(95.75 + 195.75) = 192.6- 291.5
AS=-98.9 J/mol
e
e
105. (B)
nc
nc
nc
0 AU= 0
For an isothermal process AT =
ie
ie
ie
AU = Q+
0- Q+WN
Sc
Sc
Sc
Q-W
r
r
106. (B)
ee
ee
ee
H,+;0, H,O AH-272 k
ar
ar
ar
mole of H;0»-272 kJ
C
C
I
750 750 kJ
2.75 moles.
272 (39.001
2.75 mole of H,O is converted to H2 and O2 = HL
Tn+UA
e
e
107.(A)
nc
nc
nc
AG AH TAS
145.6-T216
ie
ie
ie
-5.2
Sc
Sc
1000 Sc UL+H
216T
-5.2-145.6 T t aoisos37 79r3o is i
r
r
1000
ee
ee
ee
150.8x1000
T
ar
ar
ar
216
T = 698.1 Ktr ii
C
C
8- S1
108.(A)
More the energy released (exothermic) during the formation, more stable it is. So Co, is most
stable among themn.
109. (D)
e
ce
ce
ST).cO
odn Residual entropy is the difference, in entropy between a non-equilibrium
nc
state and crystal sta

of substance close to absolute zero,
en
en
a 1%t ie i 1:o:6 2diUi31

ie
Entropy of solid>0 at T = 0OK

ci
ci
Sc
110. (A)
rS
rS
AG AH-TAS
ee
ee
ee
1000
150
-50-(400) -50+60 60 =
10 kJ
ar
ar
ar
111.(B)
C
CH+H) Hu) AH=-124 kJ mol

For 1 mole offormation of ethane =
For 75 g ethane = ? 30 g=-124 kJ
A
=-75 x 124-310kJ
For 75 g of ethane formation,
ce
ce
ce
310 kJ ofheat is liberated.

en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
o:Chemical Thermodynamics (155)
112. (C)
Ng)t0) 2NO2()-66.4 kJ AH +66.4 K
The above reaction is endothermic as AH = +ve.
113. (A)
e
e
C,HuO)
nc
nc
nc
6C0,20e) +3H,O
00 188
ie
ie
ie
Qp Q+ AngRT
Sc
Sc
Sc
An 6-7.5 =-1.5
Q =-3264.2+(-1.5 x 8.314x 10 x 298)
r
r
-3264.2-3.716=-3267.9 kJ mol
ee
ee
ee
114.(B)
ar
ar
ar
2)
+3H2a 2NH
C
C
Nat+Ha Ng)
Standard entropies a 13
--)
e
e
As ADreactant
nc
nc
nc
115.(C)
ie
ie
ie
7T
A HA oi
CHa+HC C,H,Cl
Sc
Sc
Sc
200 mL 200 mL 200 mL
AV Volume of Product (V2) Volume of reactant (V1)
r
r
-
ee
ee
ee
= 200-400
-200 mL -0.2 L
ar
ar
ar
W =-P.AV Ti LAHA
C
C
-2 x(-0.2) .4 L am ng 21/00 oi T.o 19f
=0.4x 101.325 40.53 J
116.(A) A)
For 18 g of HO = 286 kJ of heat is required. La pye ro soernsTt 7o
Xgof H20 = 429 kJ of heat is required.. o
e
ce
ce
429x18=27 g
nc
x
en
en
286
ie
117.(B)
ci
ci
Sc
In endothermic reaction heat is absorbed. In the following reaction 66.4 kJ of heat is absorbed.
rS
rS
Na(c)+201s) 2NO)-66.4kd 3a.3.

ee
ee
ee
118. (D)
AG=AH-TAS
ar
ar
ar
4000 = -60000-T(-160)
C
64000 = 160 T
64000
T = = 400 K
160
119. (A)
ne absolute entropy at one mole of a pure substance
T at 1
atm and 25°C. i
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
(156)MHT-CET Exam Quostlone
C
120. (D)
W-2.303 nRT lo810

20
-2.303 x 3 x 8.314 x 300 logio5
e
e
nc
nc
nc
x 3 x 8.314 x 300 x
0.3010
2.303
W=-5i87.027 J
ie
ie
ie
-5.187 kJ
Sc
Sc
Sc
121. (C)
o )
r
r
According to first law of thennodynamcs
ee
ee
ee
AU Q+ W
ar
ar
ar
-15+(-10)
AU=-25 kJ
C
C
Internal cnergy - 25 kJ
H
122. (A)
Since, 18 x 10 kg of H2O= -284.5 kJ zigoatrro bsbaa?
2.7 kg of H,O -284.5 x 2.7
18 x 10
e
e
10 kJ
nc
nc
nc
42.675 x 10 = 4.2675 x
123. (C)
ie
ie
ie
Since, AH= AU+AngRT
Sc
Sc
For the reaction,

Sc
Hg)+Brz 2 HBrg) O0Jn 00
r
r
nste to o- et
ee
ee
ee
Ang-2-2=0 ( ty srtiioV
AH=AU
ar
ar
ar
124. D)
C
C
AH= AU+ AnRT
Where, An = No. of moles of gaseous product- no. of moles of gaseous reactant.
125. (A) AJ.àl

For formation of 1 mol CO% = 396 kJ heat 18
liberatedoi D Ot o8 104
e
ce
ce
=. 396x154
mol 1386 kJ heatis ot s
nc
44 44
liberated. O
en
en
ie
126. (D)
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
2
ee
ee
ee
B.E. of
AHHCI H-H BEof Cl [B.E. of H-CI]
ar
ar
ar
3) 811
C
EAT-H12
-90 -
B.Eof H-
-90=215+120-[B.E. of H-Cl]
-90 335 [B.E. of H-CI]
ce
ce
ce
B.E. ofH- Cl 335 +90 425 kJ mol (A)TE

en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
127. (D)
C
CH0 +2) 6C0(+3H,0 AH=-3266 kJ
Molar mass of CgHg =78 g molr
Moles of benzene= 80x103

0.01 mol
e
e
78
nc
nc
nc
1 mole of benzene liberates
3266 kJ of heat
0.01 of benzene liberates = 3266 x 0.01 = 32.66 kJ of heat
ie
ie
ie
128. (D)
Sc
Sc
Sc
Melting point does not depend on the amount substance,
of it is an intensive property.
r
r
129.(B)
ee
ee
ee
AG = AH- TAS
ar
ar
ar
-ve-ve +ve at all temperatures. haerr
C
C
130.(B)
1 mole of SO=-298 kJ mol
of SO2=-298 x 4 -18.625 kJ
64 64
131. (B)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
132. (D) bei beaA
AG -2.303 RT logiok-2.303 x 0.008 x 300 logio10=-5.527 kJ mo
ie
ie
ie
133. (A)
Sc
Sc
mol of H20 =
Sc
18g 270 kJ molt 133
675x18
675 kJ=
r
r
X =45 g
ee
ee
ee
270
134. (B)
2eikIns2ST97 1is
ar
ar
ar
AG AH TAS
C
C
-ve) -ve) (+ve)
135. (D)
AU Q+W= (4000 kJ) + (2000 x 10 kJ) = 4002 k
136. (A) veittettoitsois lo z99eyi. sril6titaae

e
ce
ce
137. (C)
nc
Multiply equation (1) by (2)

en
en
AH 2X kJ (i) a oz28
ie
2C+20t 2C0w
ci
ci
Sc
Reverse equation (2)oa 2ettt1 iott 0 90t

rS
rS
2CO 2C0)+O2c8) AH = Y kJ (i)

[Add Eq. (i) & (i)]
kJsa
ee
ee
ee
AH Y-2X
2C0
For theiformation of mole of CO
ar
ar
ar
,
C
Standard enthalpy of formation 2

138. B)
W 2.5 kJ=2500 J, Q = -1500
bne AU +W=-1500+2500 1000J
OOO000
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
5. Electrochemistryy
C
Methods
Electrical conductance (0)-nor Ss
e
e
cm (or m1)
nc
nc
nc
.Cell constant
a
ie
ie
ie
constant
Conductivity (K) = ell
Sc
Sc
Sc
Resistance
Molar conductivity (Am) =(x in m and C in mol m)OR

r
r
ee
ee
ee
*XIO( in Q cm and C in mol dm)
ar
ar
ar
C
C
C
Kohlrausch's Law: Ao +
Degree of dissociation (a) = m

Electrochemical cell:
e
e
Type Energy change Anode | Cathode
nc
nc
nc
Electrical energy chemical
Electrolytic cell
ie
ie
ie
energy
Sc
Sc
Galvanic (voltaic)Chemical energy Electrical Sc

cell energy
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Cell representation: (8)
T
Cathode
ar
ar
ar
Anode
C
C
LOxidation J| Reduction_
Quantitative aspects of electrochemistry:
a. The mass of reactant consumed or the mass of product formed at an electrode dunmg
electrolysis can be calculated by knowing stoichiometry of the half reaction at the electrode
e
ce
ce
nc
Mass of product= moles of product x molar mass of product

en
en
ICA)x ()
x mole ratio x molar mass of product op
ie
W
ci
ci
96500(C/ mole")
Sc
rS
rS
b. Suppose two cells containing different electrolytes are connected in series and the
quantity of electricity is passed through them then the masses of the substances liber ed at
ee
ee
ee
the electrodes of the two cells are related as:

ar
ar
ar
W W2
C
(mole ratio) x M; (mole ratio)2 x M2
(M and M are the molar masses of substances produced 3)

at the electrodes of cells a
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Electrochemistry (1592
ar
ar
ar
C
C
of cell
EMF
anode
(In tems of standard reduection clectrode potential)
.Nernstcquation:
e
e
nc
nc
nc
X) (aq)-*""(aq)+ Y($)
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
Ecll 1o
Fcel
n 1X11l«
r
r
ee
ee
ee
.Thermodynamics of Galvanic cells:
ar
ar
ar
i)aGnFEell
C
C
AG= -RT én K (*K= Equilibrium constant)
i)
.0574log0 K
) Fell n
at 25°C
.Standard hydrogen electrode(SHE):

atm) | Pt EH 0.000ov
e
e
H(1M)|H(g. 1
nc
nc
nc
It is primary reference electrode) i iGq
ie
ie
ie
.Electrochemical Series:
Sc
Sc
i. Metals having higher positive Eped

Sc
Values, undergo reduction more readily and are good
oxidizing agents.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
ii. Metals having higher negative Eed Values, undergo oxidation more readily and are good
ar
ar
ar
reducing agents.
C
C
MHT-CET 2004
1. Standard electrode potential of cell H2 |H'|| Ag'|Ag is (E 0.80v)
e
ce
ce
A)0.8 V (B)-0.8V C)-1.2V , (D)1.2V

nc
en
en
MHT-CET 2005
ie
ci
ci
Sc
2. Reduction potentials of A, B, C and D are 0.8 V, O.79 V, 0.34 V and -2.37 V respectively.
rS
rS
Which element displaces all the other three elements?

(A) B (B)A (C)D (D)C
ee
ee
ee
3. Na is used in reduction of Zn salt because

ar
ar
ar
(A) Eza(oxi) > Ena(Oxi) E

(B) Ezn(red)<ENa(red)
C
(C) E2a(oxi) <ENa(oxi) (D)Both (A) and (B)

ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
MHT-CET 2006
C
4. The reduction electrode potential, E of 0.1 M solution M
of ions (ER-2.36 V) is
(A)-4.82 V B)-2.41 V
(C)+2.41 V
D)None theseof
5. The ionic conductance of Ba and
Cl are respectively 127 and 76 ohm cm at infinite
e
e
dilution. The equivalent conductance (in ohm cm') of BaCh at infinite dilution inf.
will be
nc
nc
nc
(A)139.5 (B) 203
(C)279 (D)101.5
ie
ie
ie
MHT-CET 2007
Sc
Sc
Sc
6. The standard Ered values of A, B and C are +0.68 V,
-2.54 V, - 0.50 V respectively. The
rder
ord.
r
r
of their reducing power is
ee
ee
ee
(A)A>B>C (B)A>C>B C)C>B A (D)B C>AA
ar
ar
ar
7. EMF of hydrogen electrode in term of pH is (at 1 atm pressure)
=.
C
C
RT
(A) (8) Ey,
F pH
2.303RTH
(C)EH pH (D)E4, =-0.591 pH
bedsshn
MHT-CET 2009
e
e
nc
nc
nc
8. The standard reduction potential for Mg*"/Mg is -2.37 V and for
Cu"/ Cu is 0.337. The
Ee for the following reaction is
ie
ie
ie
Mg +Cu Mg*+Cu
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A)+2.03V (B)-2.03 v C)-2.7 V (D)+2.7 V
r
r
MHT-CET 2010
ee
ee
ee
9. Given, for Sn/Sn", standard reduction potential is 0.15 V and for Au Au, standand
ar
ar
ar
reduction potential is 1.5 V. Forthereaction, 3Sn" +2Au" » 3Sn*"+2Au,
C
C
the value of Feel is;
(A)+ 1.35 (B)+2.55 (C)-1.35 (D)-2.55
MHT-CET 2011
10. According to Faraday's first law
e
ce
ce
96500xE (B) W=txE (C)Etx96300 D)Em- Ixw_

nc
(A) W= (D)
E-
en
en
Ixt 96500 W tx96500

ie
ci
ci
11. A button cell used in watches functions as following:

Sc
rS
rS
Zn(s) +Ag:0() + HO) =2Ag(s) +Zn (aq) +20H (ag)

If half-cell potentials are
ee
ee
ee
Zn (ag)+ 2eZn(s) E--0.76 Vv

ar
ar
ar
Ag:0(6)+H00)+2e"2Ag(s) +20H (ag); E=0.34 V

C
The cell potential will be

(A) 1.10 VN (B)0.42V (C)0.84 V (D)1.34 V
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Electrochemlstry (161)
ar
ar
ar
C
C
MHT-CET 2013
ide
12. At 25°C molar conductance of 0.1 molar aqucous solution of ammonium hydroxiae
cm mo. 1ne
9.54 ohm cm° mol" and at infinite dilution its molar conductance is 238 ohm
degree of 1onisation of ammonium hydroxide at the same concentration and temperature
1s
(A)2.080 % (B)20.80 % (C)4.008% (D)40.80%

e
e
MHT-CET 2014
nc
nc
nc
13. How is electrical conductance of a conductor related with length and area of cross-sectIOn O
ie
ie
ie
conductor?
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A)G=la.k (B)G = k.l.a (C)G k.a.Ir (D)G =kl.a
r
r
MHT-CET 2015
ee
ee
ee
14. Which of the following complexes has lowest molar conductance?
ar
ar
ar
(A)CoCl.3NH (B)CoCl.4NH3 (C)CoCl.5NH (D)CoCl3.6NH3
C
C
15. The overall reaction taking place at anode during electrolysis of fused sodium chloride using
suitable electrode is
(A)Oxidation of chloride (B) Reduction of sodium ions
(C)Reduction ofchlorine (D)Oxidation of sodium atoms
16. Which among the following solutions is NOT used in determination of the cell constant?
e
e
(A) 10 MKCI (B)10 M KCI C)1 MKCl (D)Saturated KCI
nc
nc
nc
MHT-CET 2016
ie
ie
ie
17. How many faradays of electricity are required to deposit 10 g of calcium from molten calcium
Sc
Sc
chloride using inert electrodes? (Molar mass of calcium= 40 g mol)

Sc
(A)0.5 F (B)1F (C)0.25 F (D)2 F
r
r
ee
ee
ee
18. In the cell represented by Pb |Pb" (IM || Ag' (IM) |
Ago), the reducing agent is
(A)Pb (B) Pb (C)Ag D)Ag
ar
ar
ar
19. In dry cell, what acts as negative electrode?
C
C
(A)Zinc (B) Graphite
(C)Ammonium chloride D)Manganese dioxide
MHT-CET 2017
20. Identify the weakest oxidising agent among the following.
(B)Na* (C)Ca*
e
ce
ce
(A)Li D)l
nc
21. What is the SI unit of conductivity?

en
en
(C)S m2 D)S m2
ie
(A)S m (B)Sm"
ci
ci
Sc
22. Which among the following equations represents the reduction reaction taking place in lead
rS
rS
accumulator at positive electrode, while it is being used as a source of electrical energy2

(A)Pb > Pb* (B)Pb Pb (C)Pb» Pb (D)Pb" Pb*
ee
ee
ee
MHT-CET 2018
ar
ar
ar
23. The number of moles of clectrons passed when current of 2 A is passed through an solution of
C
electrolyte for 20 minutes is

(A)4.1 x 10 mol e" (B) 1.24 x 10 mol e (C)2.487 x 10 mole"(D) 2.487 x 10
mol
24. What is the density of solution of sulphuric acid used as an electrolyte in lead accumulator?
(A)1.5 g mL" (B) 1.2g mL" (C)1.8 gmL (D)2.0 g mL
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ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
(162)MHT-CET Exam Questions_
ar
ar
ar
C
C
MHT-CET 2019
25. Two electrolytic cells are connected in series containing CuSO4 solution and molten
umber of mal
If in electrolysis 0.4 moles of Cu' are deposited on cathode of first cell, the number moles
of
Al deposited on cathode of the second cell is
(A)0.6 moles (B)0.4 moles (C)0.27 moles (D) 0.18 moles
e
e
26. The conductivity of an electrolytic solution decreases on dilution due to
nc
nc
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(A)increase in number of ions per unit volume
(B) increase in percentage ionization
ie
ie
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(C) increase in ionic mobility of ions
Sc
Sc
Sc
(D) decrease in number of ions per unit volunme
r
r
27. The resistance
ofM solution is 2.5 x 10 ohm. What is the molar conductivity of solution?
ee
ee
ee
(Cell constant=1.25 cm
ar
ar
ar
(A)2.5 ohm cnms mol (B) 5.0 ohm cm mol
(C)2.0 ohm cm molrl
C
C
D) 3.5 ohm cm* mol 7 ilST 1
28. Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) is a
(A)Metal-Metal ion electrode (B) Metal-Sparingly soluble salt electrode
(C)Primary reference electrode (D) Secondary reference electrode
*29. Which of the following acts as oxidizing agent in hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell?
e
e
(A)O2 (B)C (C)KOH (D)H
nc
nc
nc
30. In the electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride with inert electrodes the prodücts obtained at
ie
ie
ie
anode and cathode respectively are
(A) Na and Cl2 (B) Ch and Hz (C)O and Na D) Ch and Na
Sc
Sc
Sc
31. Calculate E.M.F. of following cell at 298 K, Zngj|/ZnSO4(0.01M)I ICuSO(1.0 M)} Cug if
r
r
Fe2.0V.
ee
ee
ee
(A)2.0296 v (B) 1.0508 V C) 2.0592 V D)2.0V
ar
ar
ar
32. The molar conductivities at infinite dilution for sodium acetate, HCI and NaCl are 91 S cm'
mol, 425.9 S cm* mol and 126.4 S cm mol respectively. The molar conductivity of acetic
C
C
acid at infinite dilution is
(A)530.9 S cm mol (B) 390.5 S cm' mol" (C)930.5 S cm mol"(D)300,5 S cm mol
33. Which among the following is correct for electrolysis of brine solution?
(A)Clh gas is liberated at cathode (B)H gas is liberated at cathode
(C)O gas is liberated at cathode (D)Sodium metal is collected at anode
e
ce
ce
34. The molar conductivity of 0.05M HCl solution is 163.3 2 cm

nc
molat 298K. What is the

en
en
conductivity of the solution at the same temperature?

ie
cm
(A)0.08165 2 (B)0.81652cm
ci
ci
Sc
(C)0.008165 N cm (D)8.165 cm
2
rS
rS
35. The standard emf of Cu |CumAg1Ag cell is 0.463V. If the standard electrode potentialof
ee
ee
ee
Cu' electrode is 0.337 V, what is the standard clectrode potential of Ag' electrode?
(A)-0.126V (B)-0.860V (C)0.626 V D)0,800 V t
ar
ar
ar
36. In H2-02 fuel cel, reaction taking place at negative electrode is

C
(A) 2H +40H>4H,O +4e (B)

40H~0 +2H,0 +4e
(C) 2H+20H2H,0 +2e (D) O) +2H,04OH it
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
MHT-CET 2019 7 TH
25. Two electrolytic cells are connected in series containing CuSO4 solution and molten
4
If in electrolysis 0.4 moles of 'Cu' are deposited on cathode of first cell, the number ofmoles
Al' deposited on cathode of the second cell is of
(A)0.6 moles (B)0.4 moles (C)0.27 moles (D) 0.18 moles
e
e
nc
nc
nc
26. The conductivity of an electrolytic solution decreases on dilution due to ,t 7
(A)increase in number of ions per unit volume
ie
ie
ie
(B) increase in percentage ionization
Sc
Sc
Sc
(C)increase in ionic mobility ofions
(D) decrease in number of ions per unit volume
r
r
ee
ee
ee
27. The resistance ofM
10
solution is 2.5 x 10 ohm. What is the molar conductivity ofsolution?
ar
ar
ar
(Cell constant=1.25 cm')
(A)2.5 ohm' cm* mol (B) 5.0 ohm cm mol
C
C
(C)2.0 ohm cm mol (D) 3.5 ohm em' mol2uetliars y
28. Standard Hydrogen Electrode (SHE) is a
(A)Metal-Metal ion electrode (B) Metal-Sparingly soluble salt electrode
(C)Primary reference electrode D)Secondary reference electrode
e
e
29. Which of the following acts as oxidizing agent in hydrogen- oxygen fuel cel1?
nc
nc
nc
(A)O2 (B)C (C)KOH D)H
ie
ie
ie
30. In the electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride with inert electrodes the products obtained at
Sc
Sc
anode and cathode respectively are Sc

(A) Na and Cl2 B) Clh and H2 (C)O2 and Na D) Ch and Na
r
r
31. Calculate E.M.F. of following cell at 298 K, Zngj]ZnSO4(0.01M)I |CuSO«(1.0 M)] Cuo if
ee
ee
ee
E2.0V.
ar
ar
ar
(A)2.0296 V (B) 1.0508 v (C) 2.0592 V (D)2.0 V
C
C
32. The molar conductivities at infinite dilution for sodium acetate, HCI and NaCl are 91 S cn
mol, 425.9 S cm mol and 126.4 S cm* mol respectively. The molar conductivity of acetic
acid at infinite dilution is
(A)530.9 S cm mol(B) 390.5 S cm' mol (C)930.5 S cm mol (D)300,5 S cm mol
33. Which among the following is correct for electrolysis of brine solution?
e
ce
ce
(A)Clh gas is liberated at cathode (B)Ha gas is liberated atcathode

nc
(C)0 gas is liberated at cathode D)Sodium metal is collected at anode

en
en
em mo at
34. The molar conductivity of 0.05M HCI solution is 163.3
0
ie
298K. what is the

conductivity of the solution at the same temperature?
ci
ci
Sc
(A)0.08165Qcm
rS
rS
(C)0.008165 Q cm
(B)0.81652 cmot zno
(D)8.165 Q cm
ee
ee
ee
35. The standard emf of Cu | Cum| AgmAgcell is 0.463v. the standard electrode potentaal of
If
Cu' electrode is 0.337V, what is the standard electrode potential of
ar
ar
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'Ag'
electrode?
(A)-0.126 V (B)-0.860v (C)0.626 V (D)0.800V
C
*36. In H-02 fuel cell, reaction taking place at negative electrode is

(A) 2Hg) +40H 4H,O +4e (B) 40H+Oe+2H,0 +4e
(C) 2H4+20H 2H,O +2e (D) O +2H,040H; zud
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ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Electrochomlstry (163)
ar
ar
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17, For the galvanic cell at 298 K, Cdo | Cd(IM) || H' (IM) | Ha(g) (1 atm) | Pt,
C
ifEc 0.403V, the correct prediction about AG" and E" cell is
(A)AG-ve, E'ccll = -ve (B) AG= -ve, E'ccll - +ve
(C)AG +ve, E"cell=-ve (D) AG+ve, E'ccll = +vo
38. IfE of Zn "(aq)+ 2e" -0.763V then E of2 Zn

ZnS) is
2no+2e" will be
e
e
(A)+0.763V (B)+1.026V (C)-0.703V 1.506V
(D) -
nc
nc
nc
39. Standard reduction potentials of elements A, B, C and D are 0.799 v, 0.690V, 0.34V and-Z.31
ie
ie
ie
V respectively. Which element displaces othcr threc clements fromn their salt?
(A)C (B)A
Sc
Sc
Sc
(C) B (D) D
40. How many coulonmb of electricity is required to produce 5 g of magncsium from magnesiu
r
r
chloride? (At. mass Mg = 24)
ee
ee
ee
(A) 41.66 C (B)4166.0OC (C)4020.2 C (D)40202.0C
ar
ar
ar
41. What is EMF of a cell having A|AI" (E°=1.66V) and Ag Ag (E°=0.80V)?
C
C
(A)2.46 V (B)-0.86 V (C)0.86 Vlr(D) -2.46V
42. How many Faraday of electricity is required for the reduction of 3 moles of Zn*?
(A) 4 Faraday (B) 8 Faraday (C)6 Faraday (D) 2 Faraday
MHT-CET 2020
e
e
43. What is the common unit of conductivity if the dimensions are expressed in centimeter?
nc
nc
nc
(A)2 cm (B) cm (C)cm (D)2 cm
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ie
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4. What is the molar conductivity of 0.1 M NaCl if it's conductivity is 1.06 x 10 a cm'?
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A) 1.06 x 10
0 cm mol
(C)1.06 x 10 2cm mol-1
(B) 5.3 x 10o a
cm mol
D)9.4x 10 2
cm* mol
r
r
ee
ee
ee
45. Which of the following statements is true for electrolytic cell?,
ar
ar
ar
(A)Oxidation occurs at negative electrode
(B) Reduction occurs at positive electrode
C
C
(C)Oxidation occurs at positive electrode
(P)Anode is negative and cathode is positive electrode
46. What is the conductivity of 0.01 M NaCl solution if resistance and cell constant of NaCl
solution are 375 ohms and 0.5 cm respectively at 298 K?
e
ce
ce
(A)1.333 x 10 cm (B)7.50 x 10acm

nc
C)1.875x 10 a cm D)1.333 x 10 Q cm
en
en
ie
47. During the electrolysis

of aqueous sodium chloride the product obtained at anode is
ci
ci
Sc
(A)O (B) Ha(g) (C)Clh (D)Nag)

rS
rS
48, What is the standard potential ofcell, Ni |

Ni"aM) l| Cu"M) 1Cu?
ee
ee
ee
IfE°Cu =0.337 V and ENi= -0.236 V.

ar
ar
ar
(A)-0.753 V (B)-0.136V (C)0.101 V (D)0.573 v

C
49. How much charge in coulombs is required for the reduction of one
mole of A1* to Al?
(A)1.930x 10'C (B) 2.895 x 10°C (C)2.895 x 10fc (D)1.930x 10C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
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484 2 and conductiue
0.01 M KCI gives a resistance of vity of
50. Conductivity cell is filled with
C
constant?
0.00141 N cm at 25°C. What is cell (D)0.341 cm
(B)0.751 cm (C)0.510 cm
(A)0.682 cm
and resistance of a sol
51. What is the cell constant ofKCI solution at 25°C, if conductivity olution
e
e
is 0.0112
cm and 55.0 2 respectively?
(D)2.0 cm
nc
nc
nc
(B)0.2 cm (C)0.491 cm
(A)0.616 cm
ie
ie
ie
Ca?
dilution of CaCh, if the molar conductivity of
52. What is the molar conductivity at infinite ion
Sc
Sc
Sc
71 2" cm* mol?
and Cl ion at infinite dilution is 119 and
cm mol
(A) 126.0 2 em mol (B)261.0 2
r
r
cm mol
ee
ee
ee
(C) 341.0 2 cm* mol (D)431.0 Q
through a cell for 200 sec?
ar
ar
ar
53. How many electrons flow when a current of 5 amp is passed
(A)9.65 x 101 (B) 1.60 x 10 (C)6.24 x 10 D)3.12 x 10
C
C
conductivity of the
54. If the conductivity of 0.08 M KCl solution is 2 x 10 N", what the molar
is
solution?
(A)3502 cm mol (B)25.0 2 cm* mol
C) 250 cm molr D)0.25 2 cm mol
e
e
nc
nc
nc
55. What is the relation between cell constant, conductivity and electrical resistance?
(D)k=
ie
ie
ie
(A)k (B)k=R.b R.b
Sc
Sc
Sc
56. What is the standard free energy change for the cell, having following cell reaction?
r
r
2AB4)+Cd- 2Ag() +Cdg) Fe =1.20V
ee
ee
ee
(A)-260.8 kJ (B)-115.8 kJ (C)-231.6 k (D)-160.8 k
ar
ar
ar
cell
57. For the following cell, standard potential of copper electrode is 0.337 V and standard
C
C
potential is 0.463 V.
Cu Cu (IM)|| Ag(IM)|Ag
What is the standard potential of silver electrode?
(A)-0.463 V B)-0.126 v (C)0.126 V (D) 0.800 V
58. What will be the concentration of NaCI solution, if the molar conductivity and conduetivity
e
ce
ce
cm mol and 1.243 x 10

NaCl solution is 124.3 2
cm' respectively?
nc
en
en
(A) 0.01 mol L-" B) 0.02 mol L" (0.1 mol L- (D) 0.001 mol L-
ie
an
59. How many electrons are involved in the reaction when 0.40 F of electricity is passed through
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
electrolytic solution?
(A) 6.022 x 1023 (B) 1.505 x 10% C) 2.4088 x 1023 (D) 6.642 x 105
ee
ee
ee
60. If resistivity of 0.8 M KCI solution is 2.5 x 10 Q cm. Calculate molar conductivity of soluto
a cm mol (B) 4 x 10 Q cm mol
ar
ar
ar
(A)5 x 10
C)2 x 10a cm? molr (D)3 x 10 Q cm mol
C
61. A solution of CuSOa is electrolyzed using a current of 1.5 amperes for 10 minutes. What m
of Cu is deposited at cathode? (At. Mass of Cu =63.7)
(A)0.150 g (B)0.395 g C)0.637 g (D)0.297 g
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Electrochemistry (165)
ar
ar
ar
62. The distance between a
electrodes of conductivity cell is 0.98 cm and area of cross sec
C
1.96 cm. What is the cell constant?
(A)2 cm (B) 1.5 cm
C)0.5 cm (D)1 cm
63. What is the SI unit for electrochemical equivalent?
(A)KgC (B) J S C)JC- (D) Kg C
e
e
64. How many faradays of electricity is required to produce 4.8 g of Mg at cathode n ue
nc
nc
nc
electrolysis of molten MgClh? (Molar mass
of Mg = 24 g/mol)
(A)0.4 F (B)1F
ie
ie
ie
C)10F D)4 F
Sc
Sc
Sc
65. Number of electrons involved in the reaction when 1
faraday of electricity is passed througn an
electrolytic solution is
r
r
(A) 12 x 1046 B)96500 1016 (D)6.022 x 103
ee
ee
ee
C)8 x
66. During discharging the change taking place at cathode in lead accumulator is
ar
ar
ar
(A)Pb is oxidized to Pb (B) Pb is oxidized to PbOc)
C
C
(C)Pb is reduced to Pbo (D)PbO% is reduced to Pb4)
67. Molarconductivity of 0.01 M HCI solution is 400.0 SQ cm molr. Calculate the conductivity
of HCl solution.
(A)2.5 x 10Qcm
cm (B)4.0x 10 cm
e
e
(C)8.0x 10 2 D)4.0x 10ocm
nc
nc
nc
68. Conductivity of a conductor is
ie
ie
ie
(A) inverse of resistance (B) inverse of conductance
(C) inverse of resistivity
Sc
Sc
(D)equal to resistivity Sc
69. E°cell is 1.049 V and involves transfer of 2 electrons, calculate equilibrium constant
ofcell.
r
r
(A)2.75 x 100 (B)0.524 x 105
ee
ee
ee
(C)2.75x 103 (D)2.098 x 10
70. In 2 hours, a cetain current liberates 0.504 g hydrogen. How many grams of copper can be
ar
ar
ar
deposited by the same current flowing for the same time in a CuSO4
solution?
C
C
(Molarmass of Cu = 63.5 g mol, H2= 2.0g mol)
(A) 63.5 g (B) 16.0 g C) 31.8 g D) 32 g
71. When dry cell is in use the change taking place at cathode is
(A)
Znis reduced (B) NH(a ions are reduced
(C) MnO is oxidized (D) Zn is oxidized
e
ce
ce
nc
72. Considerthe following half-cell

reaction: Au +3e AuAu
en
en
ie
How many coulombs of electricity is required to deposits 0.394

g of Au. (Given - Molar
ci
ci
mass
Sc
of Au 197g mol)
rS
rS
(A) 289.5 C (B) 579.0 C (C) 386.0 C D) 193.0 C

73. What is
ee
ee
ee
the molar
conductivity of 0.4 M solution of KCI if it's resistivity is 2.5 x 10
Qcm 2
(A)2.1 x 10 2cm mol (B) 1.0x 10 Q cm mol
ar
ar
ar
(C)1.0x 10° mol (D)2.1x 10' 2cm' mol

cm*
C
74. The
standard emf of Daniel cell is 1.10 volt. What is the maximum electrical
from Daniel cel1? work obtained
(F= 96500 C)
(A) 106.15
k (B) 212.3 kJ (C) 175.4 k (D) 57.07 kJ
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
75. Which of the following metals does NOT displace zinc from it's solution?
(A) Fe
C
(B) K (C) AI (D) Na
76. Identify the correct decrcasing of relative tendency of metals to undergo oxidation
following from
(A) Al> Fe> Cr> Mg (B) Cr> AI> Mg> Fec
(C) Mg> Al> Cr> Fe (D) Fe> Cr> Al> Mg
e
e
77. What is the molar conductivity of 0.1 M NaCl solution of its conductivity
nc
nc
nc
1.01 x 10g'cm'2 is
(B) 1.01 x 10 or cm'molr
ie
ie
ie
(A) 1.01 x 10 Q cm'mol
(C)1.01 x 10 a
cm'mol a
Sc
Sc
Sc
(D) 1.01x 10 cm'mol
78. Electrolysis of dilute aqueous solution of NaCI was carried out by passing 0.01 A current. Wha
r
r
is the time required to liberate 0.01 moles of Ha(g) at the cathode? hat
ee
ee
ee
(A) 38.6x 10 sec (B)28.95 x 10' sec (C)19.3 x 10" sec D) 9.65 x 10 sec
ar
ar
ar
79. A conductivity cell dipped in 0.5 M KCI gives a resistance of 250 ohms. If the conductivity
of
C
C
KClsolution is 6.68 x 10 S cm, what is the cell constant?
(A) 1.67 cm (B) 0.364 cm (C) 0.810 cm D) 0.270 cm
80. A conductivity cell dipped in 0.01 M AgNO3 solution gives a resistance of 3160 ohms. If cell
constant is 0.47 cm, what is the conductivity of AgNO, solution?
(A)6.723x 10Q cm B) 1.487 x 10aom
e
e
cm
nc
nc
nc
(C)1.487 x 10 Q D) 7.10x 10 cm
2
ie
ie
ie
81. What is the equilibrium constant of the reaction involving two electrons if the standard emf of
Sc
Sc
the cell is found to be 0.296 V at 25°C? Sc

(A) 1x 10o (B) 2.95 x 10 (C)1x10- (D) 2.95 x 100
r
r
ee
ee
ee
82. Emf of cell having following cell reaction at 298 K is 0.059 V.
Zn+ 2H Zn+Ha(
ar
ar
ar
What is the value of AG?
C
C
(A) -5.7 k (B)-14.1 kJ (C)-8.3 kJ (D)-11.4 kJ
ampert
83. What is the time required to deposit one millimole of aluminium by passage of 9.65
through aqueous solution of aluminium ions?
(A)10 sec. (B) 300 sec. (C)30 sec. (D)100 sec.
e
ce
ce
84. For the following cell,

nc
Zn | Zn" (1M) || H (1M) | Hzg(latm)

en
en
Cell potential is 0.763 V. What is the potential of Zn"|Zn electrode? lo ro?

ie
(A)-0.763 V (B) 0.242 V C)0.3815 V im(D) 0.0 V

ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
is
85. During the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride, the product obtained at cathode
(A) Hr (B) Na (C) Clag (D) Oc
ee
ee
ee
three
among the following is used as reducing agent for reduction of remaining u
86. Which element
ar
ar
ar
elements from their oxides?

(A) Mg (B) Zn C)AI (D) Hg(
C
87.Ifthe resistivity of 0.1 M KCI solution is 50 2 cm, what cmit's molar conductivity?
is
mol
(A)160 2" cm* mol (B) 240 2 cm* mol
(C)290 2 cm* mol (D)2002
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Eloctrochemistry (167)
ar
ar
ar
R8,The time required to deposit one millimolc
of monovalent metal by the passage of 9.09 anperes
C
through aqueous solution of metal ion is
(A) 100 sec. (B) 10 sec. (C)300 sec. (D)30 sec.
s9.1fthe molar conductivity at infinite dilution for
NaCI, KCl and KBr are 126, 150 and 152 S cm
mol' respectively, the molar conductivity
at infinite dilution for NaBr is
(A)303 S cm* mol (B) 176 S cm mol
(C) 128 S em?mol
e
e
(D) 278 S cm' mol
nc
nc
nc
90. What is the value of cell constant if conductancc
and conductivity of a solution is same
(A) 10.0 cnm" (B) 1.0 cm
ie
ie
ie
(C)0.5 cm (D) 0.1 cm
Sc
Sc
Sc
91. Which among the following electrical propcrtics
(A)Conductance has SI unit Siemens per meter?
(B)Resistivity (C)Resistance (D)Conductivity
r
r
92.If Co+ O2(>
ee
ee
ee
CO2(» AH=-396 kJ mol, calculate
0,154 kg of CO2. heat liberated during formation of
ar
ar
ar
(A)1386.0 kJ (B) 346.5 kJ
C) 693.0 kJ (D) 1039.5 kJ
C
C
93. What is the standard emf of following
cell?
Nig INgll Auea) lAu)
IM IM .ite
if ENi0.25V, E^u 1.50 V.
(A) 1.75 V (B)-1.75 Ve yig
e
e
(C)1.25V lto3 (D)-1.25 V
nc
nc
nc
94.The conductivity of Nal solution is 6.0x 10 Qcm and molar conductivity is
120 2cm'mol. Calculate the concentration of Nal solution.
ie
ie
ie
(A)0.05 M 7(B)7.2 x 10 M
Sc
Sc
C)0.005 M Sc
(D)2 x 10 M
95. Which metal from following has highest tendency to undergo
(A)Mg oxidation? 91
r
r
(B)Ag (C)Fe
ee
ee
ee
(D)AI
96. During electrolysis
of aqueous NaCl, the product obtained at cathode is
ar
ar
ar
(A)H2(o (B) Ch (C)H,O D)O2(
C
C
97.The standard electrode potential
of Zn and Ni are-0.76 V and -0.25 V respectively.
reaction takes place in the cell constructed
between these two electrodes is spontaneous. If the
the standard emf of the cell? What is
(A) 0.101 v (B) 0.51 V (C)5.1 V (D) 1.01 V
98. The resistance
of 0.01 M solution of an electrolyte is 100 Q at 298 K.
e
ce
ce
of solution? (Given: b =1 cm") What is the conductivity

nc
(A) 10' ohm cm

en
en
(B) 10 ohm cm
(C) 10 ohm cm
ie
(D) 10 ohm cm
ci
ci
Sc
99. Resistance
of 0.1 M KCI solution in a conductivity cell is 300 ohm
rS
rS
0.013 S cm. What is and conductivity is

cell constant?
(A) 3.0 cm (B) 1.5 cm (C) 4.5 cm
ee
ee
ee
s(D) cm
3.9
100.The
conductivity of 0.01 M salt solution is 1.061 x
10 S cm. What is molar conductivity of
ar
ar
ar
the solution?
C
(A) 10.61 Q cm molT B) 1.061 Qcm molr

(C) 106.1 Q cm molr D) 1.061 x 10 Q cm mol
01,What is the unit electrical conductancec
(A) Ohm
of
(B) Siemens (C) Siemens
D) Volt
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
102. What is the electrode potential of CuCuelectrode, containing 0.01 M CusO, so
298 K 7 (F=0.34Vat298K)
(A) 0.2808V (B)0.222 V (C) 0.399 V (D) 0.170 Vv
SOLUTIONS
e
e
nc
nc
nc
1. (A)
ie
ie
ie
Given, E'A. =0.80 V, H:|HAgIAg
Sc
Sc
Sc
Hydrogen is anode and silver is cathode
Eee EcboeEAn*
r
r
ee
ee
ee
0.80 0.000 (:Et0.00 V)
= 0.80 VN
ar
ar
ar
2. (C)
C
C
The clement having lower reduction potential can displace metal having higher reduction potential
Reduction potential of A = 0.8 V
Reduction potential ofB = 0.79 V
Reduction potential of C=0.34 V
Reduction potential of D=-2.37 V
Reduction potential of D is least among given elements.
e
e
It can displace all other metals.
nc
nc
nc
3. (C)
ie
ie
ie
Metals having higher oxidation potential (or lesser Epod) can replace metals having lesse
Sc
Sc
oxidation potential.
Sc
: Oxidatioa potential of Na is more than that of Zn.
r
r
Nais used to reduce Zn salts.
ee
ee
ee
4. (B)
ar
ar
ar
E = Epp O.051og[M)
C
C
Given, EpP V, M]=0.1 M
-2.36
n 1(for M> M
E ERp+1ogIM"]= -236+ og 0.1= -2.36+0.0591 x (-)
e
ce
ce
2.36-0.0591=-2.419 V
nc
en
en
5. (A)
ie
Equivalent conductance is defined as conducting power of all the ions produced by one
ci
ci
Sc
equivalent of electrolyte.
rS
rS
molecular weight
The equivalent weight of BaCh.
ee
ee
ee
ASor BaCl-Ba2C
ar
ar
ar
for BaClh
Ba" +mC=76 139.5 ohm cm?
C
6. D)
Reducing character is based upon higher negative value of reduction electrode potential.
Order of reducing character is B> C>A.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
7. (C)
C
2H+2eHa
According to Nernst equation,
2.303RT,
E ogHH
nF
[H
e
e
nc
nc
nc
2.303
2XF-og[H*?)=2303RT pH
ie
ie
ie
F
Sc
Sc
Sc
8. (D)
Fcel Fatbode Fanode
0)EMMe 0.337-(-2.37) V =2.7V
r
r
ee
ee
ee
9. (A)
ar
ar
ar
Ecell FcathodeEanode 1.5-0.15 - 1.35 V
C
C
10. (B)
According to Faraday's first law,
C
W ZItZIt and Z= E
96500
EIt
e
e
W
nc
nc
nc
96500
Where, I = current, t= time, E = equivalent weight, w = weight deposited
ie
ie
ie
11. (A)
Sc
Sc
Sc
Anode is always the site of oxidation thus anode half cell is
r
r
Zn(ag)+2e >
ee
ee
ee
Zn(s), E =
-0.76 V
Cathode half-cell is
ar
ar
ar
Ag:O(s)+H,O(1) +2e>2 Ag(s)+20H
C
C
(aq) E 0.34 V
Fell Ecathode-Fanode 0.34 (-0.76) = +1.10 V
12. (C) 3
Given, molar conductance at 0.1 M concentration,

Ac9.54 cm mol
e
ce
ce
nc
Molar conductance at infinite dilution,

en
en
A238 Q cm mol
ie
ci
ci
Sc
We know that, degree ofionisation, a =

x100 x100=
rS
rS
4.008 %
13. (C)
ee
ee
ee
Electric conductance is given by, G =k.a.l where,

k is specific conductance.
ar
ar
ar
C
e.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
14. (A)
Molar conductance is the conducting power of all the ions produced by dissl.
C
olving
lg mole of an electrolyte. Thereforc, molar conductance o number of ions produced.
Werner Complex| Modem-Notation_| Tonisation
CoCl.3NH: ICo(NH):Cl ICo(NH),Cl] (No ionisation)_
CoCl.4NH3 [Co(NHs).CL]Cl_Co(NH)ACI,]+CI(2 ions)
CoCl.5NH ICo(NH).CIj Ch_[CoNH),CI" +2CI (3 ions)
e
e
ICo(NH)" + 3CI (4ions)J
nc
nc
nc
CoCl.6NH L[Co(NH;)%]Clh
From the above tablc it is clear that, molar conduction of the complexes will be in the followi
ie
ie
ie
wing
order a < b<c<d
Sc
Sc
Sc
15.(A)
The overall eaction taking place at anode during clectrolysis of fused sodium chloride ui
r
r
using
suitable electrode is oxidation of Cl ions to Clo (g).
ee
ee
ee
2 CI() Cl (g)+2e" (overall oxidation at anode)
ar
ar
ar
C
C
16. (D)
The cll constant is determined by using IM, 0.1 M, or 0.01 M KCl solution.tny u
17.(A)
Ca+2e Ca
2 moles of electrons are required to deposit 1
mole of calcium.
Mass of calcium deposited = 10 g
e
e
nc
nc
nc
Molar mass of calcium= 40 g mol
10
No. of moles = 0.25 mol
ie
ie
ie
40g mol-l
Sc
Sc
2F are required for 1 mole of calcium

Sc
xF are required for 0.25 mole of calcium.
r
r
x0.25 * 2 0.5 F
ee
ee
ee
bor
18. (A)
ar
ar
ar
Po PiaAEmAB)
C
C
The compound losing e"is called reducing agent.
Pb Pb+2e
19.(A)
In a dry cell, zinc acts as negative electrode.
e
ce
ce
20.(A)
nc
It is strongest reducing agent.

en
en
ie
21. (B) 22. (D)

ci
ci
Sc
23. (C)
rS
rS
No. of moles of e == =2487 x 10 mol e

ee
ee
ee
96500
24. (B)
ar
ar
ar
HSO solution used as electrolyte has density 1.2 gL"

C
25. (B)
Moles of Cu deposited = 0.4, as both the cell are in series, same moles of both the eleciroolt*
will get deposited.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
(D)
C
Conductivity of electrolytic solution depends on no. of ions per unit volume.
21.(B)
10* 2
R 2.5 x
C 0.1, b= 1.25
cm
-?
1.25
e
e
kR2.5x10
nc
nc
nc
A-2000k 10 x1.25
ie
ie
ie
A C 0.1x10x2.5 5 emmo
Sc
Sc
Sc
28. (C)
Electrode potential of SHE is arbitrarily taken as zero and by using SHE, electrode potential ot
r
r
ee
ee
ee
other several electrodes is calculated thus SHE is called as primary reference electrode.
ar
ar
ar
29.(A)
C
C
30. (B)
In electrolysis of aq. NaCl
Atcathode: Naj+e>Na
2H,0+2e>Hap +20
At anode: 2C1+2 Cl+2
e
e
nc
nc
nc
2H,0 Oc +4H +4e°
Clh gas is evolved at anode and H2 gas evolved at cathode.
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
31. (C) Sc
Zn ZnSO.ICuSO, |Cu, E=2v
r
r
ZnT
ee
ee
ee
0.0592
EE 2 Cu
ar
ar
ar
-2-0.0592o
C
C
=2+0.0592 =2.0592 V
32. (B)
AHCI= 425.9, A CHCoONa = 91, A NaCl = 126.4, A CH,coOH=?
=
A CH,COOH= A CH,COONa+ AHCI- ANaCI 425.9 +91 126.4
e
ce
ce
390.5 S cm mol
nc
en
en
33. (B)
ie
In electrolysis of aq. NaCl

ci
ci
Sc
Atcathode: Na+e>Na
rS
rS
2H,0+2e°>Ha+20H
ee
ee
ee
Atanode: 2C1+2e>Cl+2e
ar
ar
ar
2H,0 OG)+4H +4e°

C
C gas is evolved at anode and H; gas evolved at cathode.

34. (C) 37. (B) 38. (A) 39. D)
35. (D) 36. (A) 40. (D)
41.(A)
42. (C)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
43. (C)
C
conductancc, then
Ifp is a resistivity and x is conductivity or specific
p-Rx a
**
a m" (OR ohm' m' or S m')
e
e
2em' or S cm' which are used commonly)
(In C.G.S. system, the units of * are
nc
nc
nc
44. (A)
ie
ie
ie
k 1.06 x 10 0 em.c-0.1 M
Sc
Sc
Sc
kx1000
Molar conductivity, Am
C
r
r
ee
ee
ee
1.06x10 x1000 10 0cm mol
1.06 x
0.1
ar
ar
ar
C
C
45. (C)
The anode of clectrolytic cell is positive on which oxidation takes place.
46. (D)
constant_ 0.5 cm
Conductivity, k= Cel
R 375N
e
e
cm
nc
nc
nc
k 1.333 x 10
ie
ie
ie
47.(C)
Sc
Sc
During the clectrolysis of aqueous NaCI, Sc

i. H is liberated at cathode
r
r
i. Cl: gas is released at anode
ee
ee
ee
48. (D)
ar
ar
ar
F"
Cell cathode
E gnode Eo-E
C
C
= 0.337 V-(-0.236 V) = 0.573 V
49. (B)
A3e Al
1
mole of electron IF =96500 coulombs
e
ce
ce
3e= 3F = 3x 96500 2,89,500 = 2.895 x 10 coulombs

nc
en
en
50. (A)
ie
C 0.01 M, R= 484 2, k=0.00141 2 cm, b=?

ci
ci
Sc
Cell constant, b kxR i10ls ra

rS
rS
0.00141 2" cm x 484 2

ee
ee
ee
b 0.682 cm
ar
ar
ar
51. (A)
0.0112 cm, R = 55.02
C
k
Cell constant, b k*R
0.0112 aemx55.0
b= 0.616 cm
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
52.(B)
C
B Kohlrausch Law of independent migration
of ions,
Ao(CaCl,) +2 r
119+2(71)
261.0Q cm' mol
e
e
53.(C)
nc
nc
nc
Q-Ixt=5x 200 = 1000 C
ie
ie
ie
The charge of one electron is
1.602 x 10-1c
Sc
Sc
Sc
No. of electrons passed=-000 C 1021
1.602 x 10" C 6.24x
r
r
ee
ee
ee
54. (C)
1000k1000x2x10
ar
ar
ar
A
C 250 Q cm mol
C
C
0.08
55. (A)
56.(C)
2As+Cd 2Ag +Co

e
e
nc
nc
nc
n2
ie
ie
ie
AG-nFE -2 x 96500 x 1.20 -231600 J= 231.6kJ -
Sc
Sc
57. (D)
Sc
Ee0.463 V Eo0.337
r
r
V
ee
ee
ee
EE-F
ar
ar
ar
EA E+Eu=0.463+0.337 =0.800v
C
C
58.(D)
cm mol,k=1.243 x 10
A= 124.3 Q
C ?
n cm
A 000k C 000k
e
ce
ce
C A
nc
=000x1.243x10
en
en
C = 0.001 mol L-
ie
124.3
ci
ci
59.(C)
Sc
rS
rS
IF 96500C
ee
ee
ee
.0.4 F 96500 x 0.4 38600 Cc

ar
ar
ar
Now, 96500C =
6.022 x 10 electrons
C
38600 C 6.022x10 x38600

96500
2.4088 x 10 electrons
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
60. (A)
= 0.4 x em
Conductivity (k)
cm 10n'
resistivity 2.5x10Q
Molar conductivity (Am
T000k 1000cm Lx0.4x10° n' cm'
C 0.8 mol L
e
e
nc
nc
nc
cm mo
61. (D)
5x 10a
ie
ie
ie
The half reaction at cathode is
Sc
Sc
Sc
Cu+2e >Cu
Mole ratio, t=10 min =600 s
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Mass of Cu deposited =F Ixt
ar
ar
ar
96S00mole ratio x molar mass of Cu
C
C
1.5x600x 63.7 = 0.297 g
96500
62.(C)
cm
Cell constant, b== 0.98cm 0.5 cm
1.96
e
e
nc
nc
nc
63. (D)
Electrochemical equivalent is the mass of substance deposited or liberated on an electrode per
ie
ie
ie
coulomb of charge.
Sc
Sc
64.(A)
Sc
Mg" +2e" Mg
(at cathode)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
24 gof Mg=2 F ofelectricity
ar
ar
ar
4.8 gofMg= *ox =0.4 F of electricity.
24
C
C
65. (D)
1
Faraday is the electric charge on one mole of electrons (6.022 x 10 electrons).
66. (D)
67. (B)
e
ce
ce
A= 400.0 2 cm mol
nc
C 0.01 M,
en
en
k?
ie
ci
ci
1000k AxC
Sc
A k
rS
rS
C 1000
400.0x0.01
=4,0 x10
ee
ee
ee
= cm
k 1000
ar
ar
ar
68. (C)
C
Conductivity=.
resistivity
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Electrochomistry (175
ar
ar
ar
C
C
69. (C)
E 1.049 V, n=2, K=2
0.059ogK
E n
Xn 1.049x2
logioK= Eel
e
e
nc
nc
nc
0.0592 0.0592
. logioK = 35.439
ie
ie
ie
K = Antilog (35.439)
Sc
Sc
Sc
. K 2.75 x 105
r
r
70. (B)
ee
ee
ee
Mass of Hydrogen Equivalentmass of hydrogen
ar
ar
ar
Mass of Copper Equivalent mass of copper
0.504
1
C
C
Massof copper 63.5/2
Amount of
copper deposited = 0.504 x = 16 g
71. (D)
e
e
In dry cell E180l'e
nc
nc
nc
Anode: Zn Zn* +2e
Cathode: 2MnO, +2NH Mn,0, +2NH, +H,0
ie
ie
ie
+2e
Sc
Sc
MnO2 is reduced. Sc
72.(B)
r
r
Au+3e Au
ee
ee
ee
Charge required to produce 197 gm of Au - 3F.
ar
ar
ar
Charge required to produce 0.394 gm of Au= ?
0.394 x5F =0.006 F = 0.006 x 96500 C = 579 C
C
C
197
73.(C)
o
Specific conductance (K) =
Resisitivity
e
ce
ce
1
nc
K =
en
en
2.5x103
ie
Kx1000 1x1000
ci
ci
Molar conductivity Am
Sc
M 2.5x10 x 0.4
rS
rS
1.0x 10°Qcm* mol

74.B)
ee
ee
ee
Een1.10 volt
ar
ar
ar
For Daniel cell, n = 2

=nFEe2 x 96500 x 1.10= 212.3 kJ
C
Electrical work done

75.(A)
he reactivity series of metals given above: K> Na > Al> Zn>Fe
The placed
metals cannot displace the metals above from respective salt solutions.
below
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
76. (C)
C
The metal placed above in the reactivity series undergoes oxidation easily.
77. (D)
Am Kx10001.01x10x 1000
CMolarity) 0.1
e
e
Molar conductivity Am = 1.01x 10 em'mol
nc
nc
nc
78.(C)
ie
ie
ie
0.01 moles of H; will requires 0.02 moles of electrons or 0.02 F.
Sc
Sc
Sc
xt=0.02
96500
r
r
10
ee
ee
ee
J000*t = 0.02
96500
ar
ar
ar
t=19.3 x 10' sec.
C
C
79.(A)
Conductivity=Conductance x cell constant
K
=Cx cell constant
K xcell constant
e
e
R
nc
nc
nc
6.68 x 103 x cell constant
ie
ie
ie
Cell constant=6.68 x 10 x 250
.
1670 x 10= 1.67 cm
Sc
Sc
80. (C)
Sc
Conductivity=Conductance x cell constant
r
r
ee
ee
ee
RXcell constant= x0.47
3160
ar
ar
ar
= 0.0001487 2 m = 1.487 x 10
a m 0
C
C
81. (A)
2.303 RT, K,=0.0591 og
log
nF Ke
n
0.295 O.0ogKc
2
e
ce
ce
logKe 2x0.295
nc
0.0591 10
en
en
ie
Kc =1x 10
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
82. (D)
AG-nFEcell
ee
ee
ee
AG=-2x 96500 x 0.059

ar
ar
ar
C
-11387J
-11.387 kJ= -11.4 k
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
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Electrochemlstry (177)
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C
C
83.(C)
Moles ofproduct formed=xt x mole ratio
96500
A +3e° Al
Mole ratio = = 0.33
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nc
nc
nc
9.65
0.001 mol =
96500
x0.33
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0.001x96500
=t
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9.65x0.33
= 30.30 sec.
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84.(A)
Eeell Ecathode-Eanode
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0-0.763 V C: E, 0.000V)
C
C
Ecell -0.763 V
85. (B)
During the electrolysis of molten sodium chloride pale green Clh gas is released at anode and
molten silvery white sodium is formed at cathode.
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86. (A)
nc
nc
nc
EM-2.37, E2-0.763
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E-1.66, EH+0.79
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Sc
Eis MB
very small itundergo oxidation, it means it acts as a reducing agent.
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87. (D)
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Conductivity (k)
Resistivity
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C
C
k = 0.02
50
=2000 cm? mol
Molar Conductivity =
0.1
88.(B)
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Moles of Product deposited It x mole ratio

nc
96500
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9.03X1
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0.001 (: For monovalent metal, mole ratio= 1)

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96500
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sec.
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rS
t 10
89. (C)
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According to Kohlrausch Law,

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Ao(NaBr) = Ao(NaCI)+ Ao(KBr)- Ao(KCI)

C
= 126+152 150
Ao(NaBr)= 128 S cm' mol

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90. (B)
C
Conductivity (k)- Conductance x eell constant
Conductivity
Cell constant
Conductance
When, Conductivity = conductance
Cell constant 1
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nc
nc
nc
91. (D)
S. I. unit of conductivity Nm or Sm
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9
92. (A)
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For formation of mol CO;
1
= 396 kJ heat is liberated
154 396x 154
mol -1386 kJ heat is liberated.
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44 44
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93. (A)
E -E
E E-E
C
C
= 1.50 (-0.25) 1.75 V
94.(C)
21
Molar conductivity (A)= 000
C
e
e
1000x6.0x10
nc
nc
nc
120
C
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c 0.6
0.005 M o.i-
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Sc
120 Sc
95. (A)
Reduction potential of Mg is very low as compared to other given elements.
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ee
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E-2.37, E+0.799, E, =-0.440, E =-1.66
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96. (A)
At anode, Oxidation
C
C
2C Cl+2°
At cathode, Reduction TotoM
VTi1ubno
2H,0+2e >H +20H
t+Ha +20H
2C+2H,0,Cl
e
ce
ce
Hence, Ha obtained at cathode.

nc
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97. (B)
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-0.76 V, E-0.25 V
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E
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E EaExee
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E-E =
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=-0.25-(-0.76)
C
= -0.25+0.76
0.51 V
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98. (C)
C
R
00b
10 ohm cm
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K
nc
nc
nc
99.(D)
Cellconstant
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Conductivity, k =
Sc
Sc
Sc
R
Cell constant
0.013=
r
r
300
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Cell constant 3.9 cm
=
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100.(A)
C
C
Molar conductivity 000 k
C
1000x1.061x10
0.01
= 10.61 2 em mol
e
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101. (B)
nc
nc
nc
Unit of electrical conductance = 2=S (Siemens)
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1
Electrical conductance = =
2
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R
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102. (A)
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Ecll E.0592n log. Product]
Reactant]
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For reaction
C
C
Cua+2e Cu n=2
0592
Ecell 0.34-
2
logo 1
1o8010.01
0.01)
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0.34-0.0296 log1o100
nc
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0.34-0.0296 x 2
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= 0.34-0.0592
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0.2808V
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C
C
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C
C
6. Chemical Kinetics
Rate of Reaction
For a reaction, aA +bB +cC+dD

e
e
dC)1 dD]
nc
nc
nc
Average rate ofreaction = -A-Id[B_1
a dt b dt dt d dt c
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Rate law:
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For a reaction, aA +bB scC+dD
10
Rate of reaction «« [A]'[B}. Rate =k[AJ" (B'
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ee
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Where, k is the rate constant which is independent of concentration and varies with temperature
The powers x and y may be simple whole numbers, zero or fraction which are experimentally
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determined
C
C
Order of the reaction:
For a reaction, a A+bB cC+dD
Rate k[AJ'[BY
Overall order ofreaction= x + y
e
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Molecularity of reaction:
nc
nc
nc
It is the number of reactant molecules taking part in an elementary reaction. It is an integer.
ar ol
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For Example: i. Otg)+O) 202t8) (Molecularity= 2)
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ii.
CaHsk-CH+H
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(Molecularity = 1)
(A)201
20.0
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Integrated rate law:
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1. Integrated rate law for the first order reaction in solution:
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Consider first order reaction, A> Product fc891 1
C
C
k
A
[AJ The initial concentration ofthe reactant A,
[A]= The concentration of A that remains unreacted at time t
[Ala
The units ofk will be will be s, min or (hour) because logioAT is unitless quantity
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ce
nc
2. Half-life of the first order reaction:

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6
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0.693
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K/2
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The half-life of the first orderreaction is independent of initial reactant concentration.

3. Integrated rate law for gas phase reaction:
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For the gas phase reaction,

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Ag) B+C)
.25010810 P
C
2P-P
Where,P= Initial pressure of A
P Total pressure of the reaction mixture at time t.
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Chemical Kinotics (181)
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Tntegrated rate law for zero order
reaction:
C
For zero order reaction, A -> P
K=Ao-tA)
The units of K will be mol dm
5. Half-life of zero order reaction:

e
e
A2k
nc
nc
nc
,
1/2
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The half-life of zero order reaction is proportional
to the initial concentration of reactant.
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6. Pseudo-first order reaction:
Consider hydrolysis of methyl acetate,
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CH,COOCHa+H,O- CH,CoOH)+CH,OH()
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The reaction was expected to follow the second order kinetics, however, obeys the
order because the solvent water is present in such large excess that the change in 1ts
irst
C
C
concentration 1s negligible compared to initial one or its concentration remains constant.
Hence this is a pseudo-first order reaction.
Effect ofcatalyst on Rates of Reaction:
A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of the reaction without being itself consumed in
the reaction. It functions by providing on alternative mechanism of lower activation energy for
e
e
the reaction to occur.
nc
nc
nc
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MHT-CET 2008
9()
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After how many seconds will the concentration of the reactant in a first order reaction be halved
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1.
if the rate constant is 1.155 x 10s?

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(A)600 (B) 100 (C)60 9 (D) 10 nit 9r
C
C
MHT-CET 2009
2. Which is a correct integrated rate equation?
(A)k=
- 1og (B)k= 3010g a
t
(D)All are integrated rate equations
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ce
C)-d (a-x)=kdt
nc
constant is time ? s(D)Third order

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S. For which order reaction, the unit of rate

(C) Second order
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(A)Zero order First order

B)
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(
rS
rS
MHT-CET 2010
order reaction are
SThe units of rate constant for first (D)L mol? s
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(C)L mols
(A)mol L-s (B)s
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S, The first order integrated rate equation is 2.302

C
(B) k=-. 108-x

(A)k t X
(D) ka(a-x)
ta-X
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ci
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rS
ee
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MHT-CET 2011
C
of reaction equal to the
is
6. In a multistep reaction, the overall rate
(B) rate of fastest step
(A)rate of slowest step
(C)average rate of various steps (D)the rate of last step
MHT-CET 2013
its rate doubles when the temperature is raise
e
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7. What is the activation energy for a reaction if
nc
nc
nc
from 20°C to 35°C ? (R- 8.314J mol'k
(B) 269 kJ mol C)34.7 kJ mol (D)15.1 kJ mol
(A)342 kJ mol
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Sc
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MHT-CET 2014
product is rate - k [AJ' [B]. What is the rate constant
8. Rate law for the reaction A + B
when [A] = IM and [B] = 0.25 M7
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the rate of reaction at a given temperature is 0.22 Ms",
ee
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if (B)0.88 Ms (C)1.136 M"s (D)0.05 Ms
(A)3.52 Ms
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MHT-CET 2015 =
20:(g) the rate law expression is, rate k [O,] [O]
C
C
the
9. For the reaction O:(g) + Og) if
molecularity and order of the reaction are respectively
(A)2 and 2 (B)2 and 1.33 (C)2 and 1
D) and 2 1
10. The relationship between rate constant and half-life period of zero
order reaction is given by
=[Al, 2k 0.693 (C)

(A)
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nc
nc
nc
11. Half-life period of a first order reaction, A product is 6.93 hour. What is the value of rate
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constant? TI
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(A)1.596 h B)0.1 h C)4.802 h

Sc (D)10 h
MHT-CET 2016
r
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ee
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12. The reaction takes place in two steps as
NO2E) +Clg)
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ii) NO,Cl)+Cl)
i)NOClp NO+Cs)
C
C
Identify the reaction intermediate.
(A)NO;Cl (B) NO (C)Clho D)Cko
13. The rate constant and half-life of a first order reaction are related to each other as
(A)in=0693 (B) tun 0.693 k C)k 0.693 tia (D)kta
0.693
k
s )A[S
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14. Average rate of reaction 2 SOz) +Og)+2 S0) is written as

C)4[so,
nc
50,] (B)-0, (C)

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(A) At
At
ie
At
030 T9-1H
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MHT-CET 2017
rS
rS
15. Which among the following reactions is an example of pseudo first order reaction?
(A)Inversion of cane sugar (B) Decomposition of H;02
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(C)Conversion of cyclopropane to propene (D) Decomposition of N;Os

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16. Which among the following equations represents Arhenius equation?

C
(A)k=Ae RT B) k=ART/E, (C) k

A
RT
A
(D) k=RT/E
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rS
ee
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Chemlcal KInetics (183)
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17. The
a 080 M, what is the a
rate constant Or first order
reaction is
half-life of reaction? 7.0 x 104 s1 If initial concentration of reactant
C
(A)990s (B)79.2 s
(C) 12375 s
MHT-CET 2018 D) 10.10x 10 s
18, A certain reaction occurs
in two steps as
i) 2S02(g)+2NO2tg)> 250)+2NOg
ii) 2NO) +O2(8)>2NO2(8)
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In the reaction,
nc
nc
nc
(A) NO2) is intermediate
(B) NOg is intermediate
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(C) NOg is catalyst
(D) O is intermediate
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19, Slope of the straight line obtained by
plotting logiok against 1/T represents
(A)-E (B)-2.303 E,/R what term?
(C)-E/2.303 R D)-E/R
r
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MHT-CET 2019
ee
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20. For the elementary reaction 2SO2)+Ogg)
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relations
280,, identify the correct among the following
C
C
(A)+d[SOs-24102g +d[SO2(l-dO2g
dt dt
dt dt
s0gd[SO2(p1
(C) D)qsOg)_-d[O2(p)
dt dt
dt dt
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reaction is an example
of a zero order reaction?
nc
nc
nc
(A)2NH3(g)
N2g) +3H2
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T
(B) CuHO11(4)+ H2Oo>CcHi20&a)+CoHiaOgq)
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(C)
Hat l)2HIg
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(D)2H,020)> 2H,00+Oug)
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ee
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22. The activation energy of a reaction is
zero. Its rate constant at 280 is
constant at 300 K is K 1.6 x 10 s, the rate
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(A)1.6x10s (B) 1.6x 10 s (C)3.2x 10 s
C
C
(D)Zero
23. For a chemical
reaction rate law is, rate = k [A]" [B]. [A]
of reaction If is doubled at constant
[B], the rate
(A)increases by a factor 4
of (B) increases by a factor 3
(C)increases by a factor 8 of
of (D)increases by a factor of 2
24.Forthe elementary reaction,
e
ce
ce
followingrelations.
3 H2(g+Nz)2 NH3g) identity the correct relation among
nc
the
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(A)3dH d NHy
ie
NHo1dH
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dt dt 3 dt
rS
rS
NH
2dl_d
3 D)HdNE
dt
ee
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dt dt dt
25.The
integrated rate equation for first order reaction, A
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> Product, is
(A)k=2.303tlogio A
C
A z0 B)khA
(C)k=
t
+10g0
A1, D)k
TA
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rS
ee
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is NOT onc?
26. Order of which among the following reactions
C
(B) Cyclopropanc -> CHj - CH- CH2()
(A)2H,020> 2H;0m +Oc
(C)2N,Os) 2NO2()+O:g (D)CHCla)+Clt)- CCl) + HCh)
d
27. Consider the reaction 2A+B product.
When conc. of 'B° alone was doubled, the half-life
ratc increases by two timcs, order of
not change. When conc. of 'A' alone wvas doublcd, the
reaction is
e
e
(B)1.5 (C)1 (D)0
(A)2
nc
nc
nc
28. Consider the reaction 2A +2B>C+2D, if concentration of A is doublcd at constant [B)], tate
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Rate
increases by a factor 4. If concentration B is doubled at constant [A] the rate is doubled. ate
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law of the reaction is
(A)ratekAI [B] (B) rate = k[A] [BI (C)rate = k[A] [B]' (D)rate =k[A] [B]
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29.1f the half-life period of a first order reaction is 200 minutes, the rate constant will be
ee
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(A)9.605 x 10 min (B)3.465 x 10 min
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(C)1.374x 10 min (D) 288.6 min
C
C
30. If the rate of reaction is expressed as,
-
3 dt
=- =U, the reaction is
(A)3A+2B C (B)2B3A+C (C) 2B +C> 3A (D) 3A - 2B +C

31. A B is first order reaction with rate equal to 6.6 x 10 M s. When [A] is 0.6 M, rate
constant of the reaction is
s.
e
e
(A)9x 10s B)9x 10s C)1.1 x 10s (D) 1.1x 10
nc
nc
nc
MHT-CET 2020
ie
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32. Which of the following is a character of catalyst?
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(A)It increases the rates of both forward and backward reactions equally in reversible reaction
(B)It increases the activation energy of reactants
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(C)It affects the energies of reactants and products of the reaction
(D)It changes the position of equilibrium
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33. In the reaction, N +3H, 2NH, the rate of disappearance of H, is 0.02 M/s. The rate of
C
C
appearance of NH3 is
(A) 0.0133 M/s (B)0.004 M/s (C)0.032 M/s (D)0.023 M/s
*34. Which among the following is correct when energy of activation, Ea of the catalyzed reaction
decreases at constant temperature and for same concentration?
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(A) eaRT decreases (B)/RT decreases (C)K decreases (D)/RT decreases

nc
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en
35. Half-life of first order reaction is 20 minutes. What is the time taken to reduce the initial
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concentration of the reactant toth?

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rS
rS
10
(A)66.56 min (B)6.6 min (C)150min (D) 79.68 min
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36. The rate law for the reaction 2N0+Oate) 2NO2(g) is rate = k[NOI [O:], then wn
ar
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among the following statement is correct ?

(A)The reaction is first order in O2, first order in NO and second
C
order overall
(B) The reaction is second order in NO, zero order in 02 and
second order overall
(C)The reaction is second order in NO, first order in O and
third order overall
(P)The reaction is zero order overall
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rS
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Chemlcal Kinetlcs (185)
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17.In a first order reaction 87.5% of reactant
constant for the reaction is given is converted into product in 15 rate
minues *
C
by
5
(A) min (B 69
0.693 15 min (C)0.693 x5 min D)0 min1
5
38. Thehalf-lite of a tirst order reaction is 6.0
hour. How long will it take for the concentration
reactant to decrease from 0.4 M to
0.12 M?
e
e
(A) 10.42 h (B)9.51 h
nc
nc
nc
(C)30.36 h D)4.25 h
39. For the first order reaction A B, the rate constant is 0.25 s, if the concentration ot A
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IS
reduced to half, the value of rate
constant will be
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(A)0.25s C
(B)0.30 s (C)2.25 s (D)0.075 s

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40. For the reaction 4NH3 + 502 4NO+
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6H,0, the rate of disappearancé of NH3 is 3.6 x 10 Ms.
What is the rate of formation of water?
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(A)6.0 x 10 M/s (B)5.4 x-10 M/s (C)3.6x 10 Ms (D)4.0x-10* M/s
C
C
41. The rate law for the reaction A+B +C Product is expressed as Rate = k[A] [B} IC Whar
is the overall order of the reaction?
(A)3 (B)1 (C)2
42. The reaction N,Og 2NO, +0, is first order in NgOs having rate constant 6.2x10 s".
e
e
What is the value of rate of reaction when concentration of N,Os is 1.25 mol
nc
nc
nc
L*?
(A)7.75 x 10 molLs (B)8.15x 10 mol Ls
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(C)4.96x 10 mol L- (D)2.01x 10 mol L
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43. The rate constant for first order reaction is 0.02232 min
Sc
.Calculate the time required for 75%
9
completion of the reaction.
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ee
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(A)62.12 min (B) 38.31 min (C)48.12 min (D) 12.77 min
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44. Which among the following is an example of zero order reaction? 21.
(A) Hydrolysis of CH3COOCH
C
C
(B) Inversion of CizH2011
(C) Decomposition of N2O in presence of catalyst
(D) Decomposition of N2OsL7
45. What is the unit of rate constant for the zero order reaction?
(A)t (B) mol dm't (C) mol dm*t (D) mol dmt
e
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ce
nc
46. For first order reaction the slope of the graph of logio[A].Vs. time is equal to
en
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k0
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(A)k E(B)-k t0 (C) (D)-2.303 i

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2.303
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109
rS
rS
47. What is the order of reaction for decomposition of gaseous acetaldehyde?

)1.5
7 O(D)
1
(A) 0 (B)2
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48.If concentration of reactant 'A" is increased by 10 times, the rate of reaction becomes 100 times.
ar
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What is the order of reaction if rate law is, rate = k]AJ?

C
(A) 2 B) 1 (C) 3 D) 4
49. A first
order reaction has rate constant
1 x 10s". What time will it take for 20 g of reactant to
reduce to 5 g?
(C)693.0 s (D) 346.5 s
(A) 138.6 s (B)238.6s
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ci
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rS
ee
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order reaction, if it takes 15 minutes for consumntia
50. What is the value of rate constant of first tion
C
of 20% of reactants7
(A) 1.07 x 10 min (B) 1.48 x 10 min
(C)1.84 x 10 min (D) 1.38 x 10 min
51. A first order reaction has a rate

constant 0.00813 min', how long will it take for 60%
602
completion?
e
e
(B) 56.35 min (C)62.77 min (D)98.7 min
(A)112.7 min
nc
nc
nc
52. Half-life of first order reaction X Y +Z is 3 minutes. What is the time requircd to reduce
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concentration?
the concentration of X' by 90 % of it's initial
Sc
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(A)9.969 minutes (B)4.12 minutes (C)9.105 minutes D)12.05 minutes
What is the rate constant k for the
53. A first order reaction is 25% completed in 40 minutes.
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reaction?
2.305Xlog1.33 C 2.303x log4 (D) 2.303xlog
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(A)xlog 40
B)
40 40x3
C
C
reactant decreases form 0.2 to 0.1 M in 100 minutes.
54. For first order reaction the concentration of
What is the rate constant of the reaction?
(A)144.3 min (B) 6.93 min (C)69.3 min (D)6.93 x 10 min
for it's 50% complétion is
55. A first order reaction is 75% completed in 60 minutes, the time required
D)40 min
e
e
(A)30 min (B) 60 min (C)120 min
nc
nc
nc
is, rate= k [0:][0]
56. What is the molecularity and order of the following reaction if rate law
ie
ie
ie
Tespectively?
Sc
Sc
O)+O 20
Sc
(A)3 and 1
(B)3 and 2 (C)4 and 2 (D)2 and 2
r
r
s.
ee
ee
ee
M What is the rate
first order reaction, A> B, if [A] = 1 M and rate is 4x 10
57. For a
constant of the reaction?
ar
ar
ar
(A)4x 10s (B)04x 10 )2x 102s (D)2.5x 10s
C
C
58. For the reaction, 2NOB)>2NO() +B2(g), rate law is r=k [NOBr]*.nms. 11
is the rate o
If rate constant is 1.62 Msand concentration of NOBr is 2.00 x 10 M, what
reaction?
(B) 5.24 10 Ms (C)6,48 x 10 Ms (D)4.05x 10 Ms
e
ce
ce
(A)2.46x 10 Ms x
nc
rate ot
280, the rate of appearance of S03 is 4x 10 M/s, the
en
en
59.In the reaction 2SO2 +O2

ie
disappearance of O2 is
(C)2.0 x 10 M/s D)6.0x 10 M/s
ci
ci
(A) 1.0 x 10 M/s (B) 4.0 x 10 Ms

Sc
rS
rS
60. Which among the following is an example of pseudo first order reaction?
(A)2 N,Osg) 4NO() +O20
ee
ee
ee
C
ar
ar
ar
() CH, -CH,
CH,-CH= CH,
C
(C) H0z2H0+O
(D) CHCOOCHtg) + H0 CHCOOHg) + CHOH)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Chemlcal Kinetics (187
ar
ar
ar
th average rate of reaction
A. What is the
61. when the change in in 20
seconds? concentration of product is 0.05 M
is 0.05 M ma"
C
(A) 4.0 M/s (B) 0.05 M/s
()0.0025 M/s (D) 1.0 M/s
52.In the reaction A+B, AB+ B, the rate
of rcaction is directly proportional to u
concentration of A and independent on the
concentration of B,. What is the rate law expression?
(A) rate = k[A]
(A) rate-k[A] (B) rate = k[B:]
(C)rate - k[A] [B] (D) rate =k{AJ[B3)
e
e
K3,The rate for the reaction is ri k[A]'[B]'.
nc
nc
nc
halved, the new rate is rz then what is the If
the concentration of A is doubled and that otB3
ratio of /?
ie
ie
ie
(A) 2-8)
Sc
Sc
Sc
(B) a-b (C) a +b
64. The reaction 2NO;Cl 2NO2()+Cl2) takes place in two steps as
r
r
ee
ee
ee
() NO;Clp NOzg)+Clo
i) NO-Cla+Clg) NO2(+Clg
ar
ar
ar
Identify the reaction intermediate.
C
C
(A) NO:(g) (B) NO2Ckg (C)Clg (D) Cl
65.In the reaction 2SO.+O 2S0, the rate of disappearance of S02 is 1.28 x 10 M/s.
What is the rate of appearance of SOg?
(A) 2.56 x 10 M/s B)1.25x 10 M/s (C)0.64 x 10 M/s (D) 0.32 x 10 M/s
e
e
6. A first order reaction takes 40 minutes for 30% decomposition. What is the half-life of reaction?
nc
nc
nc
(A) 59.5 min (B) 77.8 min (C) 67.8 min D) 82.2 min
ie
ie
ie
67. A certain zero order reaction is 50% completed in 10 minutes. What percentage does the
Sc
Sc
reaction completes after 15 minutes? Sc

(A) 65% (B) 25% (C)75% (D)60%
r
r
ee
ee
ee
68. In a reaction Nzte)+3H2) 2NH), if the rate of disappearance of Nag is 2.6 x 10 M/s,
the rate of disappearance of H2(g in M/s is
ar
ar
ar
(A) 8.6x 10 M/s B)5.2x10 M/s C) 2.6x 10 M/s (D) 7.8x 10 M/s
C
C
the unit of rate constant for the first order reaction if time is expressed in seconds?
69. Which is
(A) mol dm's" (B)S (C) mol dm"s (D) mol dm"s
70. Reaction given below follows first order kinetics: 2 N2O24NO +O2
Calculate rate constant of reaction if concentration of N2O2 is 0.05 M and rate of reaction is
1.5 x 10 mol
L's"?
e
ce
ce
s D)2.0x 10 s
(A)2.5x 10s (B)3.0x 10 s (C)1.5 x 10
nc
en
en
71. A certain zero order reaction has rate constant 0.025 M sWhat will be the concentration of
ie
reactant 'A' after 15 seconds, if initial concentration is 0.50 M?

ci
ci
Sc
(B)0.125 M (C)0.375 M (D)0.060 M

rS
rS
(A)0.50 MM
in B. What is the rate law for
72.The reaction A + B P, is second order in A and first order
ee
ee
ee
the reaction ?
(A) Rate = k[A] [B] [B] (C) Rate =k[A]"[B] (D) Rate=ktA) [B]*
(B) Rate=k[A}
ar
ar
ar
is
5. A first order reaction is 50 % completed in 50 minutes. What the
rate constant of the reaction?2
C
(A) 7.215 x 10 min (B) 3.465 x 10 min

(C) 1.386 x 10 min (D) 1.386x 10 min
first 40 minutes for 30% completion. Caleulate the half-life of reaction
4A order reaction takes
(C)42.7 min (D)57.8 min
(A)77.7 min (B) 23.1 min
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
75. Rate constant for zero order reaction is 2x 10 mol L"' s".
1f the conccntration of the rear
cactant
C
after 25 sec. is 0.5 M, what is the initial conccntration of rcactant?
(A)0.125 M (B)0.5 M (C)1.25 M (D) 1.0 M
76. The slope of a graph, log [A) versus "t for a first order reaction is - 2.5 x 10"s". r
The rate
constant for the reaction is
(A)-2.5 x 10 s x 10
(B) 2.5x 10s(C)1.086 D) 5.757 x 10 s1
e
e
nc
nc
nc
a
77. The slope of graph. log [A] versus t' for a first order reaction is -2.5 x 10s', The tate
r
constant for the reaction is
ie
ie
ie
(A) -2.5 x 10sB) 2.5 x 10s (C) 1.086x 10 s (D) 5.757 x 10 s
Sc
Sc
Sc
78. A first order reaction, A >B takes 100 minutes for it's 90% completion. What is the rate
r
r
constant of reaction?
ee
ee
ee
(A) 0.0460 min (B) 0.0230 min (C)0.2303 min (D) 0.4606 min
ar
ar
ar
79.0.0210 M solution of N:Os is allowed to decompose at 43°C. How long will it take to reduce to
0.0150M ? (Given k= 6.0 x 10 sec
C
C
(A)3364 sec (B) 360.0 sec C) 560.0 sec D)5600 sec
80. The rate of first order reaction A B is 6.3 x 10 M s', if [A] = 0.3 M, what is the rate
constant of the reaction?
(A)1.3 x 10 (B)2.1 x10 s- (C)1.2 x 10 s- D)1.6x 10% sr
e
e
81. For zero order reaction, when [A]: is plotted against time
nc
nc
nc
(), the slope of the straight line
obtained is equal to
ie
ie
ie
(A)-k (B)-kt (C)k (D)[A]o
Sc
Sc
Sc
82. A first order reaction is 50 % completed in 16 minutes. The percentage
of reactant that will react
in 32 minutes is
(A)75 %
r
r
(B) 12-5% (C)25% D) 100%
ee
ee
ee
83. Consider the reaction; 2N,Ose)
H
B
4NO2+O2 What is the rate of reaction, when the
ar
ar
ar
concentration of NO2 increases to 5.2x 10 M in 100 sec.?
C
C
(A)2x 10 M/s (B) 7.6 x 10 M/s (C) 5 x 10*M/s (D) 1.3 x 10 M/s
84. For the reaction 2A +B
Cxpression?
3C +D, which among the following is NOT the correct rate law
(A)-A (B)-B
2 dt dt dt (D)- 3 dt
e
ce
ce
nc
85. The time required to decompose SO%Cl2

to half of it's initial amount is 60 minutes. Calculate
en
en
rate constant for this first order reaction.

ie
(A)4.158x10 min B) 2.651 x 10 min

ci
ci
Sc
C) 1.155 x 10 min
rS
rS
(D)1.551 x 102 min

86. The rate constant for the first
order reaction is 1.15 x 10
s. How long will 5 g of the reactan
ee
ee
ee
take to reduce to 3 g?
(A) 414 sec (B) 444 sec (C) 424 sec
ar
ar
ar
(D) 434 sec

87. When the temperature of first order
reaction
C
which among the following is corTect? increases then according to Arrhenius equa
(A) Ea
e-decreases
RT (B) Ea/RT increases
(C) Ea decreases (D)k decreases
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Chomlcal Kinetics (189
ar
ar
ar
SOLUTIONS
C
(A)
1.
= 1.155 x 10 s-
Rate constant k
k
130108
log
t
e
e
nc
nc
nc
a a, (a-x) =
ie
ie
ie
log 2.303
2.30310-T*0.3010=0.693x103
Sc
Sc
Sc
tin 1.155x10-Og 2
1.155x10
.155x 1.155
600s
tin
r
r
ee
ee
ee
2. (B)
ar
ar
ar
For first order reaction is
k 2303,
C
C
a-X t a
3. (B) 4. (B)
5. (C)
For first order,
e
e
aR)KR) d[R=
=k{R]
nc
nc
nc
Rate
dt
or kdt . (1)
R7 7y i-d
ie
ie
ie
On integrating equation )
Sc
Sc
d[R]
kdt
Sc
. (ii)
r
r
InR]=-kt+C
ee
ee
ee
Att 0, [R]= [Ro]
-x and Ro is the initial concentration, i.e. a].
ar
ar
ar
Where, R= final concentration, i.e. a
In [Ro)
C
C
C
On putting the value of C in equation (i), we get
In[R]=-kt+In [Ro]
-kt
= In[R] - In[Ro]
and kt In[Ro]-In[R] or k=
t[R]t n a-X
e
ce
ce
6. (A)
nc
Rate of reaction depends upon the slowest step; hence the overall rate of a
en
en
multistep reaction is
cqual to the rate of slowest step.
ie
ci
ci
1. (C)
Sc
rS
rS
Given, initial temperature, Ti = 20+273 293 K

Final temperature T2= 35 +273 308 K
ee
ee
ee
R 8.314 J mol K
Since, rate becomes double on raising temperature,
ar
ar
ar
2 2 ,e
C
22r1 or
i
ASrate constant, k ocr 2-2
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
that
C
From Arrhenius equation, we know
log E
2.303RL
-2|
T2
293-308
log2
E
2.303x8.314 293x308J
e
e
Ea -15
nc
nc
nc
0.3010=
2.303 x 8.314[ 293 x308
ie
ie
ie
0.3010x 2.303 x8.314x 293 x508 - 34673.48 J mol' =34.7 kJ mol
Sc
E Sc
Sc
15
3. (B)
- product
r
r
For reaction, A + B
ee
ee
ee
dx = k{AJB]
ar
ar
ar
dt
0.88 M2s
C
C
0.22 k (1) (0.25) k 0.25
9. (A)
The rate for the reaction, Os(g) + O(g) 2 O2(g) is rate = k [O:] [O]. The reaction is
bimolecular and its order is 2.

e
e
10. (C)
nc
nc
nc
The relationship between half-life of zero order reaction and its rate constant is given by
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
Where, tin = half-life period; [A]o= initial concentration and k = rate constant.
11.(B)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
For first order reaction A> product
0.693 0.693 0.693 -0.1h
ar
ar
ar
k
k /2 6.93
C
C
12.0
NO,CI NO2() + Clig)
(free radical)
NO, Cl)+Cl
NO +Cl)
e
ce
ce
The intermediate generated is Cl.

nc
13.(
en
en
1 6
ie
The half-life of 1" order reaction is given as ti2 = 693

ci
ci
Sc
k
rS
rS
14.(
Reaction is 2S0g)+Ozg)> 2S0sg)
ee
ee
ee
Avg. rate of eaction=A0).AOa1-1 A[S0,] ouf a

At At 2 At
ar
ar
ar
Out of four options, only (B) option is correct.

C
15.(
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Chemlcal Kinetics (191)
ar
ar
ar
16.(C)
C
Arrhenius equation is k = Ae-Ea/RT= A
eEa/RT
17.(A)
0693 0.693=
k /2
/2
7.0x10 990 sec
e
e
nc
nc
nc
18.(B)
As, NO is formed during reaction and again consumed it is intermediate.
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
19. (C)
Ea
Ink=InA
r
r
-Ea
ee
ee
ee
Ea slope2.303R
log10k=lo810 A- log10 A
2.303RT 2.303RT
ar
ar
ar
logiok
C
C
y mx +C= logiok logioA
T
C logioAA .1/T
m
slope -Ea
e
e
2.303R
nc
nc
nc
20. (A)
For the reaction
ie
ie
ie
2s0+O2 2S03
Sc
Sc
(8) (8) (8)

Sc
s,o12so
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Rate-o1-2s0,-20s .
ar
ar
ar
21.(A)
C
C
concentration of reactant.
Zero order reaction rate of reaction does not depend on
eg. 2NH N2 +3H2 -
(8) (8)
22.(A)
=1.6x 10, n
=
Ta=300 K, K =?
e
ce
ce
Ea=0, K 280,
nc
Ea-T|
en
en
log J
ie
K, 2.303R TL
ci
ci
Sc
106
log K2 = log 1.6 x
rS
rS
1.6x105=0
K=1.6x 10
ee
ee
ee
23.(A)
ar
ar
ar
24. (C)
C
For the reaction

3H,+N, - 2NH,
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Questlonss
(192) MHT-CET Exam
ar
ar
ar
Rate-dH,_d[N,]1d[NH,]
C
3 dt dt 2 dt
1dH1 dNH,]
dt3 dt 2
2 d[H]d[NH,|
e
e
3 dt dt
nc
nc
nc
25. (B) ty atri et h
ie
ie
ie
P is
Integrated rate equation for first order reaction A ->
Sc
Sc
Sc
k-nA A%
k
r
r
ee
ee
ee
k=
t2.303noA
*A
ar
ar
ar
t
C
C
26. (D) 27. (A) 28.(A)
29. (B)
For first order reaction,
k= 0.693 k=9.093 =3,.465 x 10 min
e
e
i/2 200 min
nc
nc
nc
30. (A)
ie
ie
ie
31. (C)
Sc
Sc
Rate law for the reaction is, Rate =k [A]

Sc
6.6x 10Ms=kx 0.6 M
r
r
x 10 s
k=1.1
ee
ee
ee
32.(A)
ar
ar
ar
33.(A)
C
C
N +3H, 2NH
d(NH,)
Rate of reaction=-N)=-1 dH,)
3
1
2
dt dt dt
From rate expression,
d(NH,)2 d(H,) - x0.02
e
ce
ce
=0.0133 M/s
dt
nc
3 dt 3
en
en
34. (D)
ie
35. (A)
ci
ci
Sc

rS
rS
k 0.693 0.695= 0.0346 min

ee
ee
ee
20
Here,if [AJ =1, [A)

ar
ar
ar
tno2
10
C
k = 2.3010g
°[A),
2.303
.tino 0.0346 log
1 66.56 min
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Chemlcal Klnetlce (193)
t
ar
ar
ar
36. (C)
C
Rate k{NO]'[O,1
x - 2, y=1
Here,
Overall order of reaction= x + y=3
37.(D)
87.5 % of reactant is converted into product
in 15 minutes, means 12.5 % remains unrac
e
e
100, =
A100-87.5
nc
nc
nc
[AJ- 12.5
.k k 2.303, A,
ie
ie
ie
1510 [A)
Sc
Sc
Sc
2.303 100
k
1502.5
r
r
ee
ee
ee
k=2.303 log8.69,5min
ar
ar
ar
38. (A)
C
C
k .05-0=0.1155
6.0h
h
Here, [A]o 04 M, [A=0.12 M

201080TA
e
e
251ogA=2305x 2.3030.5224
0.4
t 0.115505224
nc
nc
log1o
nc
k 0.1155hT
50 0.12 o.1155
79
ie
ie
ie
.t 10.42 h
.9
Sc
Sc
39.(A)
Sc
0:1 0
Rate constant for first order reaction is independent of initial concentration.
r
r
s.
ee
ee
ee
Thus, k = 0.25
ar
ar
ar
40.(B)
4NH3 + 5024NO +6H,O
C
C
Rate ofreaction=-dNE,)=_ do,]. 1d[NO] 1 d[H,O]
4 dt
d[H,O]
5 dt4; dt6dt
Rate of formation of water, 6 d[NH,]
dt 4 dt
5.4 x 10 M/s
e
ce
ce
=x3.610=
nc
4
en
en
41.(A)
ie
ci
ci
Sc
42. (A)
rS
rS
N,o,2No, +o,
ee
ee
ee

ar
ar
ar
Rate k[N;0s]
C
1.25 mol L
6.2 x 10sx
Rate 7.75 x 104 mol L s
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
43. (A)
C
If [A]o= 100, [A- 100 75 25
k =0.02232 min, t=?
t
2.303 oA 2.303100
0.0223225
b.t 62.12 min
e
e
nc
nc
nc
44. (C)
Because only the NO molecules on the catalyst surface react, the reaction rate is independent of
ie
ie
ie
the total concentration of N,O.
Sc
Sc
Sc
Therefore, the reaction follows zero order kinetics.
45. (C)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
For zero order reaction,
A-[A) - mol dmm
ar
ar
ar
k mol dm
C
C
46. (C)
47.(C)
Decomposition of gaseous acetaldehyde,
CH,CHO
CH
+CO
e
e
=
Rate k{CH,CHO"
nc
nc
nc
The order of the reaction is 1.5
ie
ie
ie
48. (A)
Sc
Sc
r=k[A, 100r=k[l0 A
Sc
r
r
ee
ee
ee
.x=2 9).0
ar
ar
ar
The order ofreaction =2 H-O
C
C
49. (A)
k=1x 10, [AJo 20g [A]=5g
t21o8,(AJ LAh
e
ce
ce
t 2.303
nc
Ix100810 5
en
en
2.303 x0.602 x
ie
t 10= 138.6 s
ci
ci
Sc
50. (B)
rS
rS
[AJo Original amount of reactant = 100

[A Reactant remaining unreacted 100-20 80
ee
ee
ee
8
ar
ar
ar
k l0g. A
[A
C
2.303 100=0.0148min
k
15 min 80
k 1.48 x 10 min
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
t Chemical KInetlcs (195)
ar
ar
ar
51.(A)
C
(AJo =Original amount of reactant= 100
Reactant remaining unreacted=
AFor first=order reaction, 100-60 40
2.303og.A
1080
t
k A
e
e
2.303 100
nc
nc
nc
t 0.00813 min810 40 12.7 min
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
s2.(A)
3 min
.00.693 0.6930.231
r
r
.
ee
ee
ee
k = min
ya 3
ar
ar
ar
AJo Original amount of reactant= 100
C
C
[A = Reactant remaining unreacted = 100-90= 10
01o81o
2.305 10.Ah 2.303 100
k A 0.231 minT0 9.969 min
53.(B)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
[Ao 100, [A]= 100-25 75,t= 40 min
SS1og. A
ie
ie
ie
k
t
Sc
Sc
Sc
3010g10 100 2.303x log 1.33
=2.303
k
r
r
40 15 40
ee
ee
ee
54.(D)
ar
ar
ar
C
C
k (Forfirstorder reaction) 7 ei 09:11h) 12
oi
. k =
0.693
6.93 x 10 min
100 min
55.(A)
e
ce
ce
i.
[A]o= 100, A]= 100-75 -25, t= 60 min
ri
nc
en
en

ie
2505log. Ah
ci
ci
k
Sc
A
rS
rS
=.3032.303 lo
100
ee
ee
ee
min510 60
ar
ar
ar
2.303x 0.6020 =
k 0.0231 min
60 min
C
The time required for 50 % completion of reaction is,
un=0.693.
0.0231 min
30 min 1
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
56. (D)
Osta)+O 20)
i. rate k[Os] [0]
=
. 4 1
Order of reaction- 2
ii. Molecularity (No. of reactant molecules taking part in reaction)= 2
e
e
57.(A)
nc
nc
nc
For a first order reaction,
ie
ie
ie
A B
Sc
Sc
Sc
Rate k[A]
Rate 4x =4 x 10 s
r
r
k
ee
ee
ee
A]
58.(C)
ar
ar
ar
2NOB 2NO(+Brg)
C
C
k 1.62 Ms", NOBr] =2.00x 10 M
Now, r=
r
k[NOBr
1.62 M' sx (2.00 x 10T M
6.48 x 10 Ms A
e
e
59.(C)
nc
nc
nc
2502+O+2S0
ie
ie
ie
Rate of appearance of S0,=
dt
=4 x 103 MWs
Sc
Sc
Sc
12 d[SO,]-J0,]-1d[sO, d0l-Lx4x10 =2x10* M/s
dt 2
r
r
dt dt dt 2
ee
ee
ee
60.((D)
ar
ar
ar
Pseudo fist order reaction is a second order than is made to behave like
a first order reaction in
which one of the reactant is present in excess.
C
C
Eg.: Ester hydrolysis in which water is taken in excess.
CH,COOCH) +H,O CH,C0OH+CH,OH
61.(
Average reaction rate
Change in concentration or
prOauets=
e
ce
ce
Change in time
= 0.0025
nc
20 Pe1 20
en
en
62.(
ie
A+B AB + B
ci
ci
Sc
Given Rate o« [A] and not on [B]

rS
rS
9
Rate depends on concentration reactants.
of
ee
ee
ee
Rate k [A
63.(A)
ar
ar
ar
k [AJ' [B
C
IfA is doubled and B is halved

n k (2A|
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Chemlcal Kinotics (197)
t
ar
ar
ar
2 (B -2*k{A"B
-kAT
C
C
.(1)
2kAT
KAT
B -2-b
k[AJ [B]
e
e
4.(C)
DSNOe+Cl) .0)
nc
nc
nc
NO;Cl
NO;Cl+Clg) NOM)+ Clag) 2)
ie
ie
ie
2NO2+ Cla
Sc
Sc
Sc
2NO,C
Rate k[NO2Cl]
r
r
The reaction intermediate is formed and gets consumed in the reaction.
ee
ee
ee
Reaction intermediate = Cl
ar
ar
ar
65.(B)
C
C
2S0, +0, 250
-1dSO1 dSo,
2 dt
In the above reaction,
Rate of disappearance of SO> = Rate of formation of SO3
e
e
= 1.28 x 10 M/s = 1.25 x 10 M/s
nc
nc
nc
66.(B)
First order reaction,
ie
ie
ie
t= 40 min
Sc
Sc
A 2.302108100 A 2.303(
Sc
10=0.00892 min
k= log 10A
40 30 A 40
r
r
A100
ee
ee
ee
0.693 0.693
ar
ar
ar
tin = 77.8 min .
k 0.00892
C
C
67.(C)
For zero order reaction
A Ao-kt
For50 % completion A
e
ce
ce
nc
Ag-k10) 10k= = k- 20 .E
en
en
2
ie
After 15mins;
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
=Ao
AA,-15
ee
ee
ee
A
ar
ar
ar
3Ag.
C
Substanceleft after 15 min Ao- A-

3Ag
Completion= 4x100
Ao
75 %
13
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
9(198) MHT-CET Exam Questlons
C
68.D)
Na)+ 3Ha 2NH
dN,=_13 d[H,] - 1d[NH,]
dt dt 2 dt
dN,] 1 d[H,]
e
e
dt 3 dt
nc
nc
nc
2.6 x 10=idH,]
ie
ie
ie
.
ai)-3 10 7.8 x 10 Ms
Sc
Sc
Sc
x 2.6 x =
dt
69. (B)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
For first order reaction
k 23010
ar
ar
ar
(8
t
C
C
The units of rate constant is time" = sec"
70. (B)
For the 1 order reaction
o
2 NO 4NO2 +02 tt2
rate k[N,Os]
e
e
1.5 x 10 =kx0.05
nc
nc
nc
1.5x10 =3,.0 x 105 s
k
ie
ie
ie
0.05
Sc
Sc
71. (B) Sc 2
For zero order reaction,
A-[A] 0.025=.50-[A]J
r
r
k =
ee
ee
ee
15
0.375 0.50- [A]
ar
ar
ar
[AJ = 0.50-0.375
C
C
A = 0.125 M
7 12110 97 701
72. (C) 1
A
The order of A is second and order of B is first, therefore the rate law becomes
Rate k [A"B]
e
ce
ce
73.(C)
nc
og,
k 20loB 50
en
en
711
ie
ci
ci
2= x0.3010
Sc
log
rS
rS
50 50
=0.01386 = 1.386 x 10% min
ee
ee
ee
74.(A)
ar
ar
ar
k = log = 1ogL00
40
C
= 0.05757 logiol.428 0.05757 x 0.1547 =0.0089 min

0.693
t1/2 77.865 minn
0.0089
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
coa iChemlcal Kinetics (199))
ar
ar
ar
s.D)
C
For zero
order reaction,
k
= A-[A}
t
Ah-05
2x10 25
e
e
0.5+0.5 [A]o
nc
nc
nc
[AJo 1.0M
ie
ie
ie
6.(D)
Sc
Sc
Sc
The slope of a graph, loglAJL versus "t' for a first order reaction
is given by
Slope=
r
r
ee
ee
ee
2.303
-2.5x10 x2.303 k
= 5.757 x 103s-
ar
ar
ar
k
C
C
77.(D)
The slope ofa graph, log[A] versus t' for a first order reaction is given
by
Slope 2k
2.303
-2.5 x 103 x 2.303 = -k
. k = 5.757 x 10 s
e
e
nc
nc
nc
78.(
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
kk A
0. A,
250t081 2.303 100
Sc
100
r
r
k 0.02303 x 1
ee
ee
ee
k 0.02303 min
ar
ar
ar
79.(C)
C
C
t2S0og. LA] = 2:303loe TO.015)
o.021]
0.015
0[AJ, 6.0x10610
= 3838 logio 14 =3838 x 0.1461 560 sec
80.(B)
e
ce
ce
Rate
nc
k[A
en
en
6.3 x
10 =k[0.3]
ie
k6.3x10
ci
ci
=21 x 10=2.1 x 105s1

Sc
rS
rS
81. (A) 0.3

For zero order
reaction [Al
ee
ee
ee
kAl)-A Slope--k
ar
ar
ar
AJ-[A]=kt [A]
C
A]= -k t + [A]o
mx C Time(t)->
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
82. (A)
For the first order reaction
2.303oLAh = 2.305oA
16 50 o 100
A
e
e
nc
nc
nc
0.0188 x 32=logio100 logio[A]
0.0188 x 32 2-log1o[A]
ie
ie
ie
0.602 2-logio[A]
. logiolA]=2-0.602
Sc
Sc
Sc
= 1.398 Ttt A T 10 sg
By taking antilog
r
r
[A] 25.000
ee
ee
ee
% of reactant that will react after 32 minutes = 100-25 75% 0
ar
ar
ar
83. (D)
C
C
2N,O >4NO 4 +O)
Rate |NO,] 1x52x103 = 1.3 x 10 M/s
4 dt 4x100
84. (D)
0 .
2A+B 3C+DD
e
e
dD] .
nc
nc
nc
Rate dA]_dB] dC
2dt dt dt 3dt
ie
ie
ie
85. (C)
Sc
Sc
0.693
Sc
tin
k
r
r
ee
ee
ee
. k 0.693 = 1.155 x 10 min .
60
ar
ar
ar
86 (B)
C
C
03
1.15x 103 2.502 logo1.66

:
2.303
e
ce
ce
x0.2218 =2002.6 x 0.2218 = 444.17

nc
1.15x10 sec.1 15
en
en
87.(C)
ie
ci
ci
Sc
Arrhenius equation, k = AeE,/RT

rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
7.Elements of Groups 16, 17 and 18
Group 16 Elements (Oxygen Family)
e
e
ns' np" (O, S, Se, Te, Po)
nc
nc
nc
From O to Po > Atomic size, M.P., B.P., Density increases
ie
ie
ie
Ionisation enthalpy, electronegativity decreases
Sc
Sc
Sc
Hydrides (HX): Bond angle, bond energy decrease
Reducing power increases
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Oxides (EO2, EO,) E=S, Se, Te, Po)
ar
ar
ar
Halides (EX, EX4, EX;) E=S, Se, Te)
C
C
Reacts with metals to form compounds
Allotropes O: O2, Os
S: rhombic, monoclinic
Se: red, grey
Te: crystalline, amorphous
e
e
nc
nc
nc
Po:,B (both metallic
ie
ie
ie
Group 17 Elements (Halogen family)
Sc
Sc
nsap (F, CI, Br, I, At)

Sc
FromF toI (At) Atomic size, Density increases
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Ionisation enthalpy, electronegativity decreases
:
(Haloacids, HX) Acidity, reducing character increases, stability
ar
ar
ar
decreases
C
C
Oxides of halogens (most of them are unstable)
Interhalogen compounds
Metal halides
Group 18 Elements (Noble gases)
ns'npnp" (He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn)
e
ce
ce
From He to Xe (Rn). Atomic size, density, M.P:, B.P., increases

nc
en
en
Ionisation enthalpy decreases

ie
Chemically inert towards hydrogen, oxygen

ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
Krypton and Xenon form fluorides

ee
ee
ee
Oxoacids ofSulphur
ar
ar
ar
i. Sulphurous acid - H,SOs ii. Sulphuric acid - HaSO

1. Di or pyrosulphuric acid- H,S0,
C
iv. Peroxy monosulphuric acid -

HaSOs
V. Peroxy disulphuric vi. Thiosulphuric acid- H2S203
acid- HS20s
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Oxoacids of chlorine
C
Oxyacids of chlorine
HOCI HCIO2 HCIO3 HCIO4
Thermal stability, Acid strength increases

e
e
nc
nc
nc
Sulphur dioxide (SO)
ie
ie
ie
a. Preparation:
Sc
Sc
Sc
i. From sulphur
r
r
S)+O2(g) SO2(8)
ee
ee
ee
ii. From sulphite
ar
ar
ar
C
C
NaSOg+H,SO 4(aq) Na,SO4 + H2Oq + SO2(g)
ii. From sulphides (Industrial method)
2ZnO(+2S02()
2ZnS+30)-
e
e
4FeS2(+1102(0) 2Fe03(s) +8SO2(g)
nc
nc
nc
b. Chemical Properties
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
i. Reaction with Clh

Sc 251
CharcoalS0,Cl2(0
r
r
SO2g)+Cl2(c)
ee
ee
ee
ii. Reaction with O02
ar
ar
ar
2S02()+O2(e) V,Os2SO(E)
C
C
ii. Reaction with NaOH
2NaOH +SO NaSO3 + H20
iv. Reaction with NazSOs
e
ce
ce
nc
NaaSO3 + H2O
en
en
+S02 2NaHSO
ie
Reducing property
ci
ci
V.
SO2 acts as a reducing agent in the presence of moisture
Sc
rS
rS
e.g.1. 2Fe" +S02 +2H,0 2Fe* +SO + 4H*

ee
ee
ee
2. 2KMnO4 +5S02 +2H,0

K^S04+2MnSO +2H,SO
ar
ar
ar
Sulphurie acid (H,S0)

C
a. Preparation:
It is manufactured by Contact
process; in presence of
catalyst V20s.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Elements of Groups 16 17 and 18 (203)
Chemical properties:
ar
ar
ar
b.
C+2H,SO,
C
Co, +2H,0+2S02
ww. S+2H,S0 3SO, +2H,0
Cu +2H,O » CusO + S0, +2H,0
2HX
+H$O X,+SO, +2H,0
e
e
H,SO (X Br, 1)
nc
nc
nc
cone.
Ci2Ha0 H,SO, 12C+11H0
ie
ie
ie
NaCI+H,SO NaHSO + HCI
Sc
Sc
Sc
KNO, +H,SO KHSO4+ HNO,
r
r
» CasO, +2HF
ee
ee
ee
CaF 4HSO
Chlorine (CL)
ar
ar
ar
C
C
a. Preparation:
i. By the oxidation of HCl with MnO2
MnO +4HC1 MnCl2 +Clh +2H,0
i. By the oxidation of HCI with KMnO4
2KMnO4+16HCI+2KCI+2MnClh +8H,0+5Cl2
e
e
nc
nc
nc
ii. By the action of conc. H,SO4 on NaCl and MnO2
ie
ie
ie
4NaCI+ MnO2 +4H,SO4 4NaHSO4 +MnCl, +2H,0+Ch
Sc
Sc
iv. By Deacon's process

Sc
4HCI+O,u723K 2Cl +2H,0
r
r
-
ee
ee
ee
V. By electrolysis of brine (concentrated NaCl solution)
ar
ar
ar
b. Chemical properties:
C
C
2AICI,
2A+ 3Cl,
P+6Ch 4PCs
H2+Clh 2HCI
8NH, +3CI 6NH.CI+ N2
e
ce
ce
(Excess)
nc
Cl +2Cl2 Ca(OC)2 + CaCi, +2H,0

en
en
2Ca(OH)2
ie
CH,Ci+ HCI
ci
ci
CH+Cl
Sc
wwwraww
rS
rS
28 Methane Methylchloride
2FcsO +H,SO, +Cl Fe(SO,),+2HC1

ee
ee
ee
Cl+H,O HCI+HOCI
ar
ar
ar
Lnterhalogen compounds
C
Interhalogen compounds
XX's (IFS)X* (IF)
Structure XX (ICI) XX'% (BrF;) pentagonal
: linear trigonal square
bipyramidal
bipyramidal pyramidal
ce
ce
ce
(or T-shaped)
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
MHT-CET 2005
unpaired electrons in sulphur is
1. Number of (C) 8 (D)1
(A)2 (B)6
MHT-CET 2006
e
e
2. Apatite is an ore of (C)bromine (D)iodine
nc
nc
nc
(A)fluorine (B) chlorine
ie
ie
ie
MHT-CET 2011 correspond to the order Hl < HBr <
HCIl < HF ?
following property does not
Sc
Sc
Sc
3. Which of the
(B) Reducing power
(A) Thermal stability
D)Dipole moment
(C)lonic character
r
r
ee
ee
ee
MHT-CET 2012
ar
ar
ar
Xenon does not exists?
*4. Which of the following compound of (D)XeF2
(B) XeF (C)XeFs
C
C
(A)XeFs
MHT-CET 2013
5. Which is the strongest acid in the following? (D)H2SO3
(A)H2S04 (B) HCIO (C)HCI04
MHT-CET 2015 exceptional. One molecule of that

e
e
6. Electronic configuration of only one P block element is
nc
nc
nc
element consists ofhow many atoms of it?
(C) Three (D)Four
ie
ie
ie
(A)One (B) Two
Sc
Sc
7. Which is the most abundant element on earth?

Sc
(B) Nitrogen (C)Oxygen (D)Silicon
(A)Hydrogen
r
r
8. Identify a metalloid from the following list of elements.
ee
ee
ee
(B) Neon (C) Sodium (D)Tellurium
(A)Carbon
ar
ar
ar
9. Which halogen forms an oxyacid that contains the halogen
atom in tripositive oxidation state?
C
C
(A)Fluorine (B) Chlorine (C) Bromine D)lodine
MHT-CET 2016
10. The element that does NOT form acidic oxide is
(A)Carbon B) Phosphorus (C)Chlorine (D)Barium
of magnesium has highest ionic character?
e
ce
ce
11. Which halide

nc
(A)Chloride (B) Bromide (C)lodide (D)Fluoride

en
en
ie
12. The most abundant noble gas in atmosphere is

ci
ci
(B) Argon (C) Xenon D) Krypton

Sc
(A) Neon
rS
rS
13. What is the highest oxidation state exhibited by group 17 elements?

(A)+1 (B) +3 (C)+5 D)+7
ee
ee
ee
MHT-CET 2017
ar
ar
ar
14. Which among the following compounds does not act as a reducing agent?
C
(A)HO (B)HS (C)HSe (D)HTe

15. Which halogen has the highest value of negative electron gain enthalpy?
(A)Fluorine B) Chlorine (C) Bromine (D)Iodine
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Wh element among the following Elements of Groups 16 17 and (205)
16. Which 18
ar
ar
ar
(A)Argon does NOT form
(B)Oxygen diatomic molecules?
C
(C) Nitrogen
MHT-CET 2018 (D)Bromine
117 Tdentify the element that
forms amphoteric
(A)Carbon oxide.
(8) Zinc
(C) Calcium
MHT-CET 2019 (D) Sulphur
e
e
18. The oxidation
number of sulphur in Ss
nc
nc
nc
(A)0 molecule is
(B)2
(C)6
ie
ie
ie
19. The oxidation state of sulphur in HaS207 (D)3
is
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A)+4 (B)+6 (C)+5 (D)+7
r
r
does not form polyhalide
ee
ee
ee
(A)Bromine (B) lodine ion?
(C)Fluorine (D)Chlorine
ar
ar
ar
21. Which mixture is used for respiration by deep
(A)Kr+O2 sea divers?
C
C
(8)He+Oa (C)Ar+O2
22. Arrange the following
(D)Ne + O2
in the increasing order of their acidic
(A)HBr< Hl < HF< HCI strength.
(C) Hl<HBr < HCI < HF (B) HCI< HBr < Hl<HF
(D)HF<HCI HBr<Hl1
23. Which substance is
used to bleach wood pulp into white
e
e
(A) H202 paper?
nc
nc
nc
(C) Chlorine gas (B) NaOI
(D) H;$O4 /KMnO4
ie
ie
ie
24. Which of the
following oxides is amphoteric in nature?
Sc
Sc
(A)CaO (B) Na20 (C)A1,03

Sc
(D) SO
25. The shape
of BrF's molecule is
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(A)Trigonal bipyramidal
(C)Trigonal pyramidal
(B) Square planar
D) Square pyramidal
ar
ar
ar
26. Which of the following oxyacid of sulphur contains S=
C
C
S linkage?
(A)HS,0s (B)H2S202 C)HSO (D)H2S2O4
MHT-CET 2020
n resonance hybrid of ozone molecule, O-O bond length is
(A)148 pma (C)121 pm
(B) 134.5 pm (D)128 pm
e
ce
ce
48, Which of the following oxyacid

nc
of sulphur contain both S=S and S=O bonds?

en
en
(A)HSS0 (B)HS04 C)HS02 (D)HS20s

ie
29
ci
ci
*many lone pair of electrons are present on chlorine atom in chlorus acid?
Sc
rS
rS
(A)3 (C)2
(B)4 D)1
30.Whic
of the following oxyacid of chlorine has highest thermal stability?
ee
ee
ee
(A)HCIO2 (C)HCIO4
(B) HCIO (D)HCIOb
ar
ar
ar
31. Chlorine
is manufacture by
C
(A)Haber process (B) Ostwald's process

(C)Deacon process (D)Contact process
32.1
Which amo
nong the following halogen does not form polyhalide ion?
(A)CI
(B)F (C)Br (D)I
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
is powerful bleaching and
oxidizing agent?
C
(C)Ch (D)HI
(A)PH (B) SO
oxides is amphoteric in nature?
34. Which among the following D)ChO
(B) Ca0 (C) B2O3
(A) SnO
is NOT a mineral of chlorine?
35. Which among the following (D)Cryolite
e
e
(AJCarnallite (B) Sylvine (C) Horn silver
nc
nc
nc
chlorine does not contain lone pair of electron on chlorine
36. Which of the following oxyacids of
ie
ie
ie
atom? (D) HOCI
(C) HOCI0
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A) HOCI02 (B) HOCI03
on chlorine atom in hypochlorous acid?
37. How many lone pair of electrons are present
(C) 3 (D) 11
r
r
(A) 4 (B) 2
ee
ee
ee
38. Identify correct decreasing order of oxidizing power.
(B) HCIO2> HCIO > HCIO3
ar
ar
ar
.(A) HCIO> HCI02> HCIO3
(C) HCIO> HCIO3> HCIO2 (D) HCIO2> HCIO3> HCIO t
C
C
39. What is the oxidation state of chlorine atom in chloric acid?
(A) +1 (B) +5 (C)-1 D) +3
40. Which among the following pairs of halogen forms the interhalogen compound of the type
XX,?
e
e
(A) Br and F (B) I and C (C) Cl and F (D) I and F
nc
nc
nc
41. Which among the following is used as an oxidizing agent to bleach wood pulp into white paper?
ie
ie
ie
(A)Mn(OH)2 (B)HO2 (C) NaOC (D)Clh
Sc
Sc
Sc
42. What is the oxidation state of chlorine atom in hypochlorous acid?
r
r
(A)-1 (B)+2 (C)+1 (D)+3
ee
ee
ee
43. What is the oxidation state of sulphur in oil of vitriol?
ar
ar
ar
(A)+3 (B)+2 (C)+6 D)-3
C
C
44. Identify the inert gas used for filling balloons?
(A)Krypton (B) Helium (C)Argon (D)Neon
*45. Which of the following oxyacid of sulphur contain S-0-S linkage?
(A) HS,02 (B) HaS,Os (C)HaS0s D) HS204
e
ce
ce
46. Which of the following noble gas molecules is more polarized by water?
nc
(A) Helium (B) Neon (C)Argon (D) Krypton

en
en
ie
47. Which among the following is pale yellow gas?

ci
ci
Sc
(A)F (B) Br2 (C)Ch D)I

rS
rS
48. How many lone pair of electrons are present on each oxygen atom in ine?
any oxy acids of cl
(A)3 (B) 1
ee
ee
ee
(C)0 D) 2
49. The oxidation state of chlorine in its oxyacid depends upon
ar
ar
ar
(A) number of lone pair electrons on oxygen atom

(B) oxidation state of oxygen in molecule
C
(C) number of chlorine atoms per molecule

(D) number of oxygen atoms per molecule
*50. What is the colour of gaseous ozone?
(A) Yellowish white (B) Blue black
(C) Blue (D) Violet black
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
1. The O-S-O
C
bond angle and hybridization of Sulphur
in SO molecule is respectively
(A) 119°, sp (B) 1340, sp (C) 105°,sp'd (D) 117,sp
n Highest negative electron gain enthalpy in halogens is
possessed by
(A) CI (B) F
(C)I (D) Br
3, When sulphur dioxide combines with chlorine in the presence charcoal catalyst, the
of product
e
e
formed is
nc
nc
nc
(A) S2Clh (B) SOCl2
(C) Colloidal Sulphur
ie
ie
ie
(D) SO2Ch
Sc
Sc
Sc
54. Which of the following noble gases is least soluble in water7
(A) Ne (B) Ar (C) Kr (D) He
r
r
ee
ee
ee
55. What is the ratio of volumes of gases involved in the preparation
of sulphur trioxide from
sulphur dioxide and dioxygen respectively under similar
ar
ar
ar
conditions of temperature and
pressure?
C
C
(A)1:3: 11
(B)2:1:2 (C)1:1:11 (D)1:2:1

56. What type of hybridization is observed in interhalogen compounds of the type XX3?
(A)sp (B) sp (C) sp'dt, i D)spd
57. Which among the following gases is used to. produce and sustain powerful
super conducting
magnets for NMR and MRI systems?
e
e
(A) Kr (B) Ar
nc
nc
nc
(C) Hest (D) Ne ipe
58. Which of the following oxyacid of chlorine is thermally least stable?
ie
ie
ie
(A) HCIO (B) HCIO (C) HCIO2 (D) HCI0
Sc
Sc
59. The oxidizing power of oxyacids of chlorine depend upon

Sc
(AJnumber of oxygen atoms per molecule
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(B)number of chlorine atoms per molecule
(C)oxidation state of oxygen in molecule
ar
ar
ar
(D)number of lone pair of electrons on each oxygen atom
C
C
60. Which is the lowest oxidtion state possessed by chlorine in it's oxyacids?
(A)+1 (B)+5 (C)+3 (D)-
61. Which among the following catalysts is used in manufacture of sulphuric acid by contact
process?
(A)Ni (B)Fe with Mo (C)MnO D)V0s
e
ce
ce
nc
2. The maximum positive oxidation state shown by halogen is

en
en
(A) +5 (C) +7 (D)+3

ie
(B) +1
ci
ci
Sc
b3. Which among

the following halogens does not form the oxide of type OX2? (X = halogen)
rS
rS
(A)F (B)CI (C) Br (D) I

is the highest oxidation state possessed by chlorine in its oxyacids?
at
ee
ee
ee
(A) +5 (B)+1 (C) +7 (D) +3

ar
ar
ar
65.
0. In the laboratory hydrogen
hydrogen chloride is prepared by heating
cntrated sulphuric
C
Dleaching powder and concentrated sulphuric acid.

Sodium chloride and concentrated sulphuric acid.
bleaching powder and ammonia solution.
potassium chlorate and concentrated sulphuric acid.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
SOLUTIONS
C
1. (A) =
Atomic number of S 16 3p
It
16S1s, 2s, 2p, 3s,3p
has 2 unpaired electrons.
11
e
e
2. (A)
nc
nc
nc
Apatite is CaF2.3Ca(PO,)2 It is an ore of fluorine with calcium.
ie
ie
ie
3. (B)
Sc
Sc
Sc
HF to HI.
Reducing power increases in the order as H-X bond length increases from
HF <HCl < HBr < HI
r
r
ee
ee
ee
4. (C)
Xenon forms following fluorides XeF2, XeF and XeF6. It does not exist as XeFs.
ar
ar
ar
5. (C)
C
C
The strength of oxyacids can also be decided with the help of the oxidation number of central
atom. Higher the oxidation number of central atom, more acidic is the oxyacid.
6
HSO
+5
HCIO, ,HCI04
+7
.HSO +4
Since, in HCIO4, oxidation number of Cl is highest, sò HC104 is the strongest acid among the
e
e
given.
nc
nc
nc
6. (A)
ie
ie
ie
Helium (He) is a p-block element but its electronic configuration does not follow the normal
Sc
Sc
Sc
trend of p-block element electronic configuration. Since it is monoatomic it consists of one
atom of it.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
7. (C)
Oxygen is the most abundant of all the elements on the earth. Oxygen forms
ar
ar
ar
about 46.6 % by
mass of earth crust.
C
C
8. D)
Tellurium is metalloid.
9. (B)
Fluorine forms oxyacids in +1 oxidation state.
Chlorine forms oxyacids in +1, +3, +5, +7
oxidation states.
e
ce
ce
Bromine and lodine forms oxyacids in

nc
+5, +7 oxidation state.

en
en
10.(D)
ie
Barium does not form acidic oxide.

ci
ci
Sc
11. (D)
rS
rS
Magnesium fluoride has highest

ionic character.
ee
ee
ee
12. (B)
Argon is the most abundant
ar
ar
ar
noble gas in atmosphere.

13.(D)
C
The highest oxidation state

by group 17 elements is +7,
14. (A)
e.g. IF7
Except Ha0, all hydrides
of group 16 act as reducing agent.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Elements of Groups 16 17 and 18 (209
ar
ar
ar
15.(B)
C
16.(A)
Noble gases are monoatomic
17.(B)
C and Sfom acidic oxide.
e
e
Ca forms basic oxide.
nc
nc
nc
Zn forms amphoteric oxide.
ie
ie
ie
18.(A)
Sc
Sc
Sc
19.(B)
In the pyrosulphuric acid, all oxygen atom
r
r
show O.S is -2.
ee
ee
ee
As 4 oxygen atoms attached to S atom,
O.S of S+6
ar
ar
ar
20. (C)
C
C
F atom do not have vacant d-orbitals,
hence does not form polyhalide ion.
21. (B) 22. (D) 23. (C) 24. (C)
25.(D)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
r
r
26. (B)
ee
ee
ee
a0a contains S= S linkage.
ar
ar
ar
C
C
(B) HO-š-OH
(A) HO-š-o-3-oH
CH,S,O,)
Hs,0
e
ce
ce
(D) HO - S OH
(C)HO-Š-OH -
nc
en
en
,So,) (H,S,O)
ie
27.(D)
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
20.28pm
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
28.(A)
C
hiosulphuric acid, H2S20
HO
OH
o
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
29. (C)
C
H C
Chlorous Acid (HCIO;)
30. (C)
oxidation state of chlorinc
e
e
increase in
Theral stability incrcases with
nc
nc
nc
1+ 3+ 5+ 7+
ie
ie
ie
HCIO<HCIO, <HCIO, <HCIO,
Sc
Sc
Sc
31. (C)
i. Haber process- NH3 ii. Ostwald's process - HNO
r
r
ee
ee
ee
iv. Contact process H2SO4-
ii. Deacon process -Cl2
ar
ar
ar
32. (B)
Due to absence of d-orbital.
C
C
33.(C)
34. (A)
SnO Amphoteric, CaO Basic, BO3, Ch07> Acidic
35. (D)
e
e
Cryolite is a mineral of fluorine
nc
nc
nc
36. (B)
ie
ie
ie
H
Sc
Sc
Sc
o
r
r
ee
ee
ee
:0:
ar
ar
ar
(HOCIO,)
C
C
37. (C)
3 lone pair of electrons

on chlorine atom
(Hypochlorous acid)
e
ce
ce
nc
38. (A)
en
en
3+ 5+
ie
HCIO> HCIO, > HCIO

ci
ci
Sc
Oxidizing power of oxyacids of chlorine decreases as the oxidation no. of chlorine increases.
rS
rS
39. (B)
ee
ee
ee
S+
HOCIO
ar
ar
ar
Chloric acid
C
40. (D)
The only known interhalogen compound
of the type XX, is IF7.
41. (D)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
42. (C)
Hypochlorus acid> HOCI
Oxidation state of Cl =+1
43.(C)
6+
oil of vitriol
e
e
H,SO4
nc
nc
nc
44. (B)
ie
ie
ie
45. No answer
Sc
Sc
Sc
HS,O - Throsulphurous acid H2S20s- Disulphurous acid
r
r
ee
ee
ee
S
ar
ar
ar
HO-S-OH HO-S-S-OH
C
C
O
HSO3-Thiosulphuric acid H2S204 Dithionous acid
S
HO-S -OH HO-S-S-OH

e
e
nc
nc
nc
46. (D)
ie
ie
ie
Xenon is the most polarized noble gas due to its large size.
Sc
Sc
47. (A)
Sc
Fluorine (F2) is a pale yellow highly toxic diatomic gas.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Ch-Yellowish green gas
Br2- Reddish brown liquid
ar
ar
ar
h - Purple solid
C
C
48. D)
Oxyacids of chlorine - HOCI, HCIO2, HCIO;, HCI04
All oxygen atoms in each acid have 2 lone pairs.
49.(D)
The oxidation state of chlorine in its oxyacid depends upon number of oxygen
atoms per
e
ce
ce
molecule. More the number of electronegative atoms more are the oxidation state of chlorine.
nc
en
en
50. (C)
ie
Ozone (O) is pale blue gas with distinctively pungent smell

ci
ci
Sc
51. (A)
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
sp2 hybridisation with 2 bond pairs and 1

lone pair
1.431A
ar
ar
ar
o o
C
119°
52.(A)
Negative electron gain enthalpy decreases in the following order:
Cl>F>Br>I
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
QuestionS
(212) MHT-CET Exam
ar
ar
ar
C
C
53. (D) Charcoal
(Catalyst)_ SOCl2
SO +Cl2 Sulphuryl Chloride
54. (D) and solubility incrcascs from Hclium to Krypfon

sparingly soluble in water
Noble gases are
e
e
Ar>Ne>Hee
nc
nc
nc
Kr>
ie
ie
ie
55. (B)
2s0, +0, 2S0,
Sc
Sc
Sc
Ratio: 2 : 1: 2
r
r
56. (C)
ee
ee
ee
XX% (T-Shaped) sp'd - hybridized.
ar
ar
ar
57.(C)
He gas is used to produce & sustain
powerful superconducting magnets for NMR & MRI svst
ystems,
C
C
58. (A)
Order of thermal stability of oxyacid of chlorine is,
HCIO<HCIO, < HCIO3 < HCIO4
59. (A)
state of halogen.
Acid strength of halogen oxoacids increases with the increasing oxidation
e
e
nc
nc
nc
Oxygen atom increases oxidation number of halogen.
60. (A)
ie
ie
ie
HOCI- Hypochlorus acid
Sc
Sc
O.S. of Cl=+1
Sc
r
r
61.(D)
ee
ee
ee
Preparation of HSO4 by contact process involves conversion of.sulphur dioxide to sulpaur
trioxide. In this conversion catalyst V2Os is used
ar
ar
ar
250 VOs2S0
+O720250
C
C
720 K
2 bar
62. (C)
Halogens have 7 electrons in their outermost shel1.
e
ce
ce
63. (D)
nc
OF2, ClO and BrzO are formed.

en
en
ie
10= Very unstable, cannot be formed.

ci
ci
Sc
64. (C)
rS
rS
3s2 3p
ee
ee
ee
Outer E.C. of Cl
ar
ar
ar
Since Cl has 7 outer electrons

C
it's maximum oxidation state is +7.

65. (B)
H,SO,+NaCi 420 K
Na,SO, +2HCI
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
8.Transition and Inner Transition
ar
ar
ar
Elements
C
importantFormulae and Shortcut Methods
1 Transition elements (d-block elements)
The transition elements are placed in the periods
e
e
4 to 7 and groups 3 to 12 those constitute 5a,
4d, 5d and 6d series.
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
General electronic configuration of four
series of d-block elements
Sc
Sc
Sc
i. 3d series [Ar] 3d-10 4s1-2
:
:
ii. 4d series [Kr] 4d-10 5s-2
ii. Sd series : [Xe] 5d-10 6s-2
r
r
iv. 6d Series: [Xr] 6dl0 7s
ee
ee
ee
Electronic conftiguration of d-block elements
ar
ar
ar
C
C
Series ElementsSymbolAtomie Electronic
Number Configuration
3-d SeriesScandium Sc 21 [Ar] 3d' 4s
Titanium Ti 22 [Ar] 3d* 4s*
|Vanadium 23 [Ar] 3d' 4s
e
e
Chromium
nc
nc
nc
4s'
Cr 24 |[Ar] 3d°
Manganese Mn 25 [Ar] 3d° 4s
ie
ie
ie
Iron Fe 26 Ar] 3d° 4s
Sc
Sc
Cobalt Co [Ar] 3d'4s

Sc
Nickel Ni [Ar] 3d" 4s
r
r
Copper Cu [Ar) 3d 4s
ee
ee
ee
Zinc Zn 30 [Ar] 3d4s
ar
ar
ar
4-dSeries Yetreium [Kr] 4d' 5s
58
Kr 4d
C
C
Zivconium 40
Niobium Nb Kr 4d* 5s
Molybdenium Mo [Kr] 4d 5s
Tcllueerium Tc 43 [Kr] 4d 5s
Ruthenium Ru [Kr] 4d' 5s
Kr] 4d 5s
e
ce
ce
Rhodium Rh 45
s
nc
Palladiumn Pd 46 Kr] 4d
en
en
[Kr] 4d 5s
ie
Ag 47
Silver
[Kr] 4d05s
ci
ci
48
Sc
Cadmiumn Cd
rS
rS
5-d Series Lanthanum La [Xe] 5d' 6s

-
Hafniumn Hf [Xe] 4f Sd 6s
ee
ee
ee
Ta 73 L(Xe] 4f" Sd' 6s

Tantalum
JXe] 4f 5d 6s*
ar
ar
ar
W 4
Tungston
(Xe] 4f" 5d 6s
Re
C
Rhenium
Os
T[Xe] 4f 5a 6s
Osmium
77 Xe] 4f 5d' 6s
Iridium Ir 78 | [Xe] 4f sa* 6s
Platinum Pt
Au 79 T (Xe] 4f sd6s
Gold 80 CXe] 4f 5d"6s
Hg
ce
ce
ce
Mercuryy
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Electronic
ar
ar
ar
Atomic
Series Elements Symbol
Number Configuration
C
Actinium Ac 89 [Rn] 6d' 7s
6-d Series
Rutherfordium
104 104 [Rn] 5f" 6d 7s
7s
Dubnium Db 105 [Rn] 5f 6d'
|
Seaborgium Sg 106 [Rn] 5f 6d 7s
Bohrium Bh 107 [Rn]5f 6d 7s
e
e
Rn] 5f" 6d 7s
nc
nc
nc
108
Hassium Hs
Meitnerium Mt 109 [Rn]5f"6d 7s
ie
ie
ie
Darmstadtium Ds 110 [Rn] 5f 6d 7s
Sc
Sc
Sc
|
Roentgenium Rg 111 [Rn] 5f" 6d 7s
Copenicium Cn 112 |[Rn] 5f 6d 7s
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Trends in properties of the first transition series:
ar
ar
ar
An atomic radius decreases with increase in atomic number.
C
C
Having hcp, ccp or bcc metallic characters.
I.E. increases with increase in atomic number.
Show variable oxidation states [except first and last member of the series].
e
e
Most common oxidation state of the first series is +2 [except Sc].
nc
nc
nc
Most of the metals exhibit paramagnetism (contains unpaired e s).
ie
ie
ie
They form coloured compounds both in solid as well in aqueous solution due to d-d
Sc
Sc
Sc
transition (i.e., incomplete d-subshell).
except Sc(3d), Ti "(3d), Cu'(3d"),Zn"(3d")] are colourless].
r
r
ee
ee
ee
They form complexes, interstitial compounds and alloys.
ar
ar
ar
eg, Brass is an alloy of Cu (60-80%) +Zn (40-20%)
C
C
Bronze is an alloy of Cu (75-90%) + Sn (25-10%)
.They also act as catalyst.
The spin-only formula for magnetic moment is:

=n(n+2) BM
e
ce
ce
nc
Where, n is the number of unpaired electrons and u is

the magnetic moment express
en
en
Bohr Magneton (BM).

ie
ci
ci
Sc
Some useful facts:

rS
rS
Most abundant transition metal - Fe Lightest metal Sc

ee
ee
ee
Wonder metal Ti -
Heaviest metals Os and Ir
ar
ar
ar
Ferrous metals- Fe, Co and Ni

C
Coinage metals Cu, Ag and Au

Zinc metals -
Zn, Cd and Hg
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Transition and Inner transition Elements (215)
Tuner Transition elements (f-block elements)
C
These elements are placed separately at the bottom of the periodic table. They are a subset of 6
and 7 periods.
. First inner-transition series (Lanthanoid
serics)
Name of the Atomle Ideal Electronlc
e
e
Symbol Observed Electronlc
element number Configuration
nc
nc
nc
Configuration
Lanthanum La sd'
6s Xe] 5d' 6s
ie
ie
ie
Cerium Ce 58 [Xe] 4
Sd'6s [Xe]4f 6s
Praseodymium
Sc
Sc
Sc
Pr 59 [Xc]4f sd'
Neodymium
6s? Xe] 4F S
Promethium
Nd 60 4f
Xe]
5d6s (Xe]4f 6s
Xe] 4f
r
r
Pm 5d' [Xe]4f
6s 6s
ee
ee
ee
Samarium Sm Xe4f sd' 6s (Xe]4r
Europium
Xe] 4f
ar
ar
ar
Eu 63 5d Xe] 4
Gadolinium Xe]4P 6s 6s
Gd 64
sd' 6 Xe]4
C
C
sd' 6s
Terbium Tb [Xe]4
65
Sd6s (Xe]4f 6s
Dysprosium Dy 66 Xe] 4f Sd 6s
[Xe] 4fo OS
Holmium Ho Xe] 4f
Ert
57
5d 6s[Ke] 4r
Er Ke] 4f Sd' 6s Xe] 4f" 6s
Thuliumn Tm 69 Xe] 4f2 5d 6s [Xe] 4f 6s
e
e
Yrterbiumn
| Yb 70 CXc 43 sa'6s Xej 4
nc
nc
nc
6s*
Lutetiumn Lu 71 Xe] 4f
sd6s (Xe] 44 sd' S
ie
ie
ie
Trends and Properties of Lanthanoids
Sc
Sc
common stable oxidation state +3.

Sc
Show
Regular decrease in atomic and ionic radii with increase in atomic number is called
r
r
ee
ee
ee
lanthanide contraction.
They have low I.E. and high b.p. and m.p.
ar
ar
ar
They form coloured compounds due to f-f transitions.
C
C
-La"(4f), Gd* (4f), Lu"(4f)colourless
Ce(4f) & Yb3* (4f3) Colourless despite of having unpaired electrons (exceptions).
Good conductors of heat and electricity
Except Promethium (Pm), all are non-radioactive in naure.
e
ce
ce
The Lanthanoids are strongly paramagnetic.

nc
the lanthanoids from hydroxides of the general formula Ln(OH)3. |

en
en
All
element of lanthanoid series).
ie
(Ln represents any

Since the ionic size decreases from La to Lu, the basicity of hydroxides decreases.
ci
ci
Sc
La(OH)3 is the strongest base while, Lu(OH); is the weakest base,

rS
rS
Second inner-transition series (Actinoid series)

ee
ee
ee
Name of Symbol Atomic Expected Electronie (Observed) Electronic

ar
ar
ar
Element Number Configuration -Contiguration

89 Rn 6d 7s[Rn] 6d
C
Actinium A
6d 7s |[Rn]| 56d
Thorium Th 90 Rn LRn]| 5 6d
Protactinium_ Pa Rn 6d
Uranium [Rn] Sf6d T[Rn]| 5f | 6d' | 7s
Neptunium Np 93 [Rn] Sf 6d 7sRn]| 5f"6d 7s
Plutonium 94 1 Rn] 5f | 6d'|
7s |Rn]|_ 5f | 6d'| 7s
Pu
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
95 [Rn 5f6d7s| [Rn] Sf
C
AmericIUm Am 7s |[Rn] |5f |6d7
Curium Cm 96 |[Rn] 5f6d 7s Rn]5f | 6d 7s
Berkelium Bk 97 [Rn] 5f 6d
5f
Californium_ Cf 98 [Rn]| 5f | 6d'| 7s[Rn] 7s
99 [Rn] 5f6d 7s[Rn] 5f
Einsteinium Es
Fermiumn Fm 100 Rn]| 5f"| 6d 7s Rn]| 5f2 7s
e
e
Md 101 [Rn]| 5f| 6d
7s |Rn| 5f 7s*
nc
nc
nc
Mendelevium| 7s|[Rn] | 5f
Nobelium No 102 L[Rn] 5f"6d
103 Rn]| 5f 6d' | 7s* | [Rn]| 5f"6d 7s
ie
ie
ie
Lawrencium Lr
from 92U, the further elements are synthetically prepared
Sc
Sc
Sc
ed by
All actinides are radioactive, and
elements.
artificial transmutation hence called transuranic
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Irends and properties of Actinoids:
actinides show +3 oxidation state.
ar
ar
ar
All
They are highly reactive metals.
C
C
All the metals are radioactive.
(5f*) are colourless
They are generally coloured [except Ac*(5t), Cm* (5f) and L*

e
e
MHT-CET 2004
nc
nc
nc
1. Oxidation state of iron in Fe304 is
ie
ie
ie
(A) (B)4 ( (D)
Sc
Sc
Sc
r
r
MHT-CET 2008
ee
ee
ee
2. Which of the following ions is colourless in solution?
(D)S3
ar
ar
ar
(A)v3* (B) C+ (C)Co2*
C
C
3. The general electronic configuration of the transition elements is
A)(n- 1)d0, (n+ 1)s (B)(n-1)d'-0, (n + 1)s2
C)(n- 1)d-0, np5, ns2 (D)(n- 1)d-10 ns!-2
4. The point of dissimilarity between lanthanides and actinides is znngt
(A)three outermost shells are partially filled.
e
ce
ce
(B)they show oxidation state of + 3 (common).

nc
en
en
(C) they are called inner transition elements.

ie
(D)they are radioactive in nature.

ci
ci
Sc
5. Calamine is
rS
rS
(A)CaCO3 (B) MgCOs (C) ZnCO3 (D)CaCO+ Ca0

ee
ee
ee
MHT-CET 2009
ar
ar
ar
6. Most basic hydroxide among the following is

(A)Lu{(OH)>» (B)Eu(OH)»
C
(C)Yb(OH)» (D)Ce(OH)»
7. The maximum number of unpaired electrons is present
in
(A)Fe (B)Cu (C)Co D)Ni
MHT-CET 2010
8. Which gives +7 oxidation state?
ce
ce
ce
(A)Mn(25) (B) Cr(24) C) Cu(29) D)Fe(26)

en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
is stable. This is because of
ar
ar
ar
9.
(A)half-filled d-orbital
C
(B) all paired electrons in d-orbital
(C) empty orbital
(D)fully filled d-orbital
MHT-CET 2011
10 Most common oxidation states shown by
cerium are
(A)+2, +4 (B)+3, +4
C)+3, +5
e
e
(D)+2, +3
MHT-CET 2012
nc
nc
nc
Which of the following species shows the
ie
ie
ie
11. maximum magnetic moment?
(A)Mn (B)N2*
Sc
Sc
Sc
(C)Fes* (D)Ag'
12. The oxidation state of Cr in KCr207 is
r
r
(A)+4 (B)+3 (C)+6
ee
ee
ee
(D)+5
13. Which of the following is not an iron ore?
ar
ar
ar
(A)Malachite (B) Haematite (C) Siderite (D)Limonite
C
C
MHT-CET 2013
14. Which of the following lanthanoid ions is
diamagnetic?
(Atomic no. of Ce=58, Sm=62, Eu= 63, Yb = 70)
(A)Ce2* (B) Sm2* (C)Eu* D)Yb
MHT-CET 2014
e
e
15. Select the coloured compound amongst the following (Atomic no.
nc
nc
nc
of Ti = 22, Cr = 24,
Cu 29, Zn = 30)
ie
ie
ie
(A)TICl4 (B) CrCltecf(fi (C)ZnCls (D)CuCl .
Sc
Sc
MHT-CET 2015
Sc
16. Potassium dichromate is a good oxidizing agent, in acidic medium the oxidation state of
r
r
chromium changes by
ee
ee
ee
(A)2 (B)3 C)4 D)5
ar
ar
ar
17. The only radioactive element among the lanthanoids is
C
C
(A)Gadolinium (B) Holmium (C)Promethium (D)Neodymium
MHT-CET 2016
31
in the manufacture of potassium
0. How is sodium chromate converted into sodium dichromate
dichromate from chromite ore
A)By the action of concentrated sulphuric acid
e
ce
ce
nc
(B)By roasting with soda ash

en
en
(CBy the action of sodium hydroxide

ie
D)By the action of lime stone

ci
ci
Sc
compounds.
Identify the metal that forms colourless
rS
rS
(A) Iron (Z- 26) (B) Chromium (Z = 24)

(D) Scandium (Z=21)
ee
ee
ee
(C) Vanadium (Z = 23)

MHT-CET 2018
ar
ar
ar
2 most basic hydroxide from following (B) Sm(OH)» (Z= 62)

is
C
(A)Pr(OH)» (Z= 59) D)La(OH)» (Z= 57)

.
(C)Ho(OH)a (Z= 67)

titanium (Z ) and coPPer ( 29) in their colourless
entify the oxidation states of
compounds. (C)Ti, Cu (D)T, Cu
(A)T", Cu* (B)Ti, C*
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
MHT-CET 2019
respectively is 1
C
*22. The ionic charges on chromate ion and dichromate ion
(A)-2,-2 (B)-3,-2 (C)-2,-4 (D)-4,-2
chlorate is fi0ad
*23. When a mixture of manganese dioxide, potassium hydroxide and potassium sed,
the product obtainedis
(A)KMnO4 (B) KaMnO (C)KMnO4 (D)KSO4
*24. The ionic charges of manganate and permanganate ion are respectivecly
e
e
(A)-1,-2 (B)-2,-1 (C)-1,-1 (D)-2,-2
nc
nc
nc
25. Select the ion which has maximum effective magnetic moment.
(C)Cu(Z-29) (D)Fe (Z=26)
ie
ie
ie
(A)Mn(Z-25) (B)V(Z=23)
Sc
Sc
Sc
26. Which of the following elements belongs to the first inner transition series?
(C)Protactinium (D)Promethium
(A) Curium (8) (B)Americium
r
r
ee
ee
ee
27. Which of the following elements has highest second ionization enthalpy?
(A) Cu-29 (B) Zn30) C) Co-27 (D) Feç-26)
ar
ar
ar
28. Which among the following elements has completely filled 4f subshell?
C
C
(A)Tm(Z= 69) (B)Ho(Z67) (C)Yb(Z= 70) (D)Gd(Z= 64)
*29.Which among the following substances is used as a catalyst for thermal decomposition of
potassium chlorate?
(A) MnO2 B) CuCl (C)Fe D) V20s
30. Cobalt-Thorium alloy is used as catalyst in the process of
e
e
(A) manufacture of H2SO
nc
nc
nc
(B) synthesis of gasoline
(C) decomposition of KCIO, to O2 (D) hydrogenation of oils
ie
ie
ie
31. The highest oxidation state in plutonium (At. No= 94) is
Sc
Sc
(A)+ (B)+6 (C)+5

Sc
E (D) +4
32. Limestone is used as a flux in the extraction of
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(A)Zinc (B) Iron (C) Copper (D)Aluminium
ar
ar
ar
33. Which of the following is NOT the mineral of iron?
(A)Magnetite 6) Limonite
C
C
(C)Haematite D) Corundum
*34. Identify the pair of flux and the slag respectively
in the extraction process of iron.
(A)Lime stone and calcium silicate (B) Calcium silicate and lime stone
(C) Sand and ferrous silicate
(D)Ferrous silicate and sand R
35. Which among the following is an ore of
(A)FeS2 iron?,9
(B)Fe03
e
ce
ce
(C) FeCO3
36. The mineral of iron is D) FeO4
nc
en
en
(A) Limonite (B) Cryolite (C) Calamine

ie
D) Epsum salt
MHT-CET 2020
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS

elements has lowest density and is
(A) Scandium lightest?
5) Cobalt (C) Copper
ee
ee
ee

(D)Iron
elements is a soft element as
compared to others?
ar
ar
ar
(A)Zn (B) Mo (C)W Co

C
*39. Which among the following

reactions occurs at the zone
by blast furnace? of slag formation in extraction o firon
(A)
C+0 Co
B) Fe,O+3C 2Fe+3CO
(C) CaO+SiO^
Casi0, (D) Fe,O+3C0
ce
ce
ce
2Fe+3C0,
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Transltion and Inner transition Elements (219)
ar
ar
ar
40.
correct
1Tdentify the statement from following,
C
IALanthanoids have greater tendency to form
complexes than actinoids.
RActionoid contraction is greater than lanthanoid
contraction.
C)Binding energy of 4f-orbitals is lower than
5f- orbitals.
O)Hydroxides of actinoids are less basic
than Lathanoid hydroxides.
1.What is the position of elements La (Z = 57) and Ce (Z- 58) respectively in the long form of
e
e
periodic table?
nc
nc
nc
(A)La = Group-4, Period-7 (B)La = Group-3, Period-6
(S
ie
ie
ie
Ce Group-5, Period-7 Ce Group-3, Period-6
Sc
Sc
Sc
(C)La- Group-3, Period-7 (D)La- Group-3, Period-6
Ce Group-3, Period-6
r
r
Ce-Group-3, Period-7
ee
ee
ee
42. Which element from following forms colourless compounds in +2 oxidation state?
(A)Zn(Z= 30) (B) Cu(Z= 29)
9
(C) Mn(Z25)
ar
ar
ar
D)Co(Z=27
43. Which among following processes occurs at 1500 K in blast furnace for extraction of iron?
C
C
(A) Slag formation (B) Combustion of coke
(C) Reduction of ore D)Ore loses moisture
4. Which among the following lanthanoids has smallest atomic size?
(A)Pm (B)Ce Ci(C)Sm D)Pr
e
e
45. What is the formula of calamine?sas1
als lo 2
nc
nc
nc
(A)MgCOs, CaCO3 (B) Fe20,(7)(C) ZnCO3 s1(0D)FeCOs A)
ie
ie
ie
46. Identify correct decreasing order of ionic radii of lanthanoids.ielioi t
Sc
Sc
(A)Sm> Gd> Ce> Pm (B)Ce>Pm> Sm> Gd

Sc
(C)Pm>Sm> Ce>Gd D)Gd> Pm> Ce>Sm
r
r
ee
ee
ee
47. Which of the following elements exhibits oxidation states other than +3?
0C)Ce (D)Lussie
ar
ar
ar
(A)Gd (B)La
C
C
48. What is the role of tuyers used in blast furnace for extraction of iron?
(A)To blow a blast of preheated air in to the furnace
ä
(B)It enables the even distribution of charge.

(C)It is used to remove molten slag and iron
D)It prevents loss of hot gases
e
ce
ce
9, What is the formula of pyrolusite ore?

nc
(A)MnO2 (B) PbCrO4 (C) Cu20 D)CrO

.
en
en
ie
Which reaction from following occurs at 2000 K in the blast furnace for
extraction of iron?2
ci
ci
+
B) Ca0 Sioa> CaSiOs
Sc
(A)CaCOs> CaO+CO2sit
rS
rS
(D) Fe20s3 +3CO> 2Fe + 3CO2

(C)2C+O22CO
S1. Which from following elements haslowest tendency to form its oxide?
ee
ee
ee
(A) AL (C) Hg D) Cr
(B) Fe
52. Which first step and 1s used as reactant in next step for
ar
ar
ar
Vhich of the following is a product of

concentrated chromite ore?
C
ufacture of K,Cr,O7 from

(B) Sodium sulphate
A) Sodium dichromate
(C) Sodium chromate D) Potassium chromate
Chromi
53.What is magnetic moment 1ound in *3 oxidation state of
effective
(Z 24)? t
1s the value of
(D) 3.87 BM
BM (C) 2.84 BM
ce
ce
ce
(A) 1.73 BM (B) 4.90

en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
1
ar
ar
ar
only +3 oxidation state?
54. Which among the following lanthanoids, shows
(C)Terbium D) Neodymium
C
(A) Cerium H(B) Gadolinium
atomization from following.
55. Identify the element having highest enthalpy of
(A) Cu (Z=29) (B) Fe (Z 26) (C) Sc (Z=21) (D) Zn (Z=30)
56. Which of the following elements belongs to first inner transition

series?
(A)Pu (B) Fm (C) Bk (D)Pr
e
e
nc
nc
nc
57. Which of the following actinoids exhibits only +3 oxidation state?
(A) Th (Z=90) (B)Lr(Z 103) (C)U (Z=92) (D)Pa (Z=91)
ie
ie
ie
s8. What is the highest oxidation state exhibited by any transition element among all?
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A)+8 (B)+6 (C)+7 (D)+5
r
r
59. What is the highest oxidation state exhibited by actinoids?
ee
ee
ee
(A)+6 (B)+3 (C)+4 D)+7
ar
ar
ar
60. Which of the following oxyacids of sulphur contain four S = O bonds?
C
C
(A)HSO4 (B) H2S;04 (C)HS206 (D)HSOs
61. Identify the correct decreasing order of densities of d-block elements.
(A)Ni> Fe> Cr>V (B)Cr>Fe> V> Ni
(C)Fe>Ni> V>Cr (D)V> Cr> Fe> Ni
e
e
62. Which among the following sets of elements is present in chalcopyrite? o
nc
nc
nc
(A)AIL, O (B)Fe, S C)Cu, Fe,S (D)A1, Fe,0
ie
ie
ie
63. Which among the following elements is radioactive?
Sc
Sc
(A)Eu (B) Nd (C)Pm

Sc
(D)Lu
64. Identify the element if it's expected electronic
r
r
configuration is [Ar] 3d"4s.
ee
ee
ee
(A)Cd (B)Co (C) Zn (D)Hg
ar
ar
ar
65. Which among the following elements possesses
one electron in 4s orbital in observed electronic
configuration?
C
C
(A)Cu(z= 29) (B)Ni(Z= 28) (C)V(Z=23) (D)Mn(Z= 25)
66. Identify the mineral of iron from following
(A) Magnesite (B) Calamine C) Siderite (D) Willemite
67. Which cation from following does
e
ce
ce
NOT form colourless compound?

(Atomic mumber - Cu= 29,
nc
=
Ti 22, Zn= 30, Sc = 21)
en
en
(A) Ti* (B) Cu Sc3+

C)
ie
68. Which mineral among

(D) Zn2
ci
ci
Sc
following contains zinc?

(A)Willemite
rS
rS
(B) Malachite (C) Corundum

69. Which among the following (D) Azurite
ee
ee
ee
actinoids exhibits highest

(A) Pu
(B)
oxidation state +72
Lr (C) Cf
ar
ar
ar
70. Which element among the (D) Th

following exhibits electronic
C
oxidation state? configuration as [Xe]4f "

4
(A) Dysprosium
(Z= 66) (B) Praseodymium (Z
C) Neodymium (Z= 60) =59)
(D) Cerium (Z= 58)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Transltion and Inner transltlon Elements (221)
C
71. which among the following pairs of elements in their
respective oxidation states will have same
value of effective magnetic moment?
(Atomic number: Sc =21,
Ti=22, Cr 24, Co 27, Ni = 28, Zn= 30)
(A) Zn and C3* (B) Ni" and T (C) Sc and Tis* O,(D) C and Co*
2.Which ofthe followWing compounds is used as an ore iron?
e
e
of
(A) FeO4 (B) FeCO
nc
nc
nc
(C) Fez0s (D) 2Fe,0, 3H20
ie
ie
ie
3. Roasting is generally employed for ores containing
(A) oxide (B) carbonates
Sc
Sc
Sc
(C) nitrates (D) sulphides
74. Which of the following elements possesses one unpaired electron in 5d orbital in observed
r
r
electronic configuration?
ee
ee
ee
(A)Eu (Z63) (B) Gd (Z-64) (C) Nd (Z=60) D) Yb (Z= 70)
ar
ar
ar
75. Which among the following elements belongs to second inner transition series?
C
C
(A) Nd (B) Er (C) Np nD)Lu
76. Whichamong the following hydroxides is most ionic in nature?
(A) Eu(OH)3 (B) Ce(OH) (C) Lu(OH)s (D) La(OH)»
77. Which zone of blast furnace used to extract iron, reduces MnO2 and Caa(PO4)2 to Mn and P?
(A)Zone of reduction
e
e
(B) Zone of combustion
nc
nc
nc
(C) Zone of slag formation (D) Zone of fusion
ie
ie
ie
*78. Which zone of blast fumace in extraction of iron works out the following reaction?
Fe,O +3CO 2Fe +3CO
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A) Zone of reduction (B) Zone of slag formation
r
r
(C) Zone of combustion (D) Zone of fusion
ee
ee
ee
19. ldentify the soft element from following.
ar
ar
ar
(A) W (B) Cr (C) Mo D) Cd
C
C
80. Which element among the following has highest number of unpaired electrons in observed
electronic configuration?
(A) Scandium (Z 21) .
(B) Copper (Z 29)
(C)Titanium (Z=22) (D) Chromium (Z = 24)
B1. Which among the following hydrides have low bond dissociation energy of M-H bond
e
ce
ce
nc
(M= Central atom)?

en
en
(A)H20 (B)HSe (C)HS (P)HT

ie
series?
Which among the following elements belongs to second inner transition(D)Lu
ci
ci
Sc
(A)Sm (C)Dy
rS
rS
(B) Am
83.Which
of the following properties is NOT of actinoids?
ee
ee
ee
AThese have greater tendency to form complexes.

Binding energy of Sf orbitals is lower than 4f orbitals.
ar
ar
ar
than lanthanoids.
ydroxides of these are more basic in nature
C
Some of the ions of these are fairly coloured.

D1ch element among the following has empty Sd-orbital in
observed electronic configuration ?
(A)Lu(Z=71) (C) Yb (Z=70) (D) Gd (Z= 64)
(B) La (Z=57)
85. Which lanthanoid?
amongng following elements is NOT a
the1oi (D) Pu
(A) Sm
(B) Ce
(C)Pr
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
in the
e process
reactions occurs at zonc of slag formation proCo.
C
*86. Which among the following of
extraction of iron by blast furnacc?
(A)12CaO 2A1,0 4CayA10y + 302 (B)C+O>Co

2Fe +3CO2 (D)2C0-> O+2C
(C)Fe203+3CO
e
e
lanthanoids?
*87. Which of the following properties is NOT of
nc
nc
nc
(A)Binding energy of 4f orbitals is higher.
in 4f-orbitals.
(B) In these differentiating clectron enters
ie
ie
ie
(C) These elements can't form oxocations.
Sc
Sc
Sc
in nature but prepared in laboratory.
D)Most of the elements of these do not occur
form oxocation?
88. Which among the following elements does NOT
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(A)U (B)Lu (C)Pu D)Np
ar
ar
ar
89. Which cation from following forms colourless compounds?
(Atomic No.: Ti =22, Cr 24, Ni = 28, Fe =26)
C
C
(A) Ti* (B) Fe3+ (C) Ni2 (D) C+
90. Which from following elements exhibits oxidation states from+1 to + 6?

(A)Mn (Z= 25) B) Cr (Z-24) (C)Fe (Z-26) (D) Cu (Z= 29)
91. Which of the following metals reacts with dilute H2SO4 ? 7
e
e
(A)Cu (B)Hg C)Fe D)Bi
nc
nc
nc
92. What is the melting point of zinc?
ie
ie
ie
(A)473 K (B)692 K C)423 K D)1193 K
Sc
Sc
Sc
93. Which of the following elements has six unpaired electrons in observed electronic configuration?
(A)Cu (Z29) B) Cr (Z=24) C)Mn (Z= 25) D)Fe (Z=26)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
*94. Which among the following pairs of percentage of carbon and the property of cast iron is true?
ar
ar
ar
(A)4.0% C, hard and brittle (B) Less than 0.2 % C, very soft
(C)0.2 to 2.0 % C, very soft D)0.2 to 2.0 % C, forms steel alloy
C
C
*95. Which of the following methods is used for concentration of iron ore?
(A) Washing in current of water
(B) Froth floatation
C)Dissolving the ore in water solution of NaOH or Na2CO3
(P) Electromagnetic separation
e
ce
ce
nc
*96. What is the temperature needed for decomposition

of lime stone in blast furnace for extraction
en
en
of iron?
ie
(A)2000 K
ci
ci
(B) 1200K
Sc
(C) 500 K (D) 1500 K

rS
rS
*97. Which among the following changes

occurs at 900K in blast furnace for extraction of irou
(A)Limestone decomposes
(B) Reduction of ore by C
ee
ee
ee
(C)Reduction of ore by CO
(D) Ore loses moisture
ar
ar
ar
98. Identify the formula of lanthanoid

oxide formed when lanthanoid (Ln) is burnt oxysc
(A) Ln,Os in
C
(B) LnO (C) Ln2O (D) LnO

99. Which element among idation
the following exhibits electronic
state? configuration as [Xe]4f in ** o
(A) Neodymium
(Z= 60)
(C) Praseodymium (B) Terbium (Z = 65)
(Z= 59)
ce
ce
ce
(D) Cerium (Z 58)

en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
SOLUTIONS
1. (A)
Let x be the oxidation number of Fe in Fe3O4. Therefore, in
FeO4
e
e
=
3x+4x(-2) 0 or 3x=8 or x=;
nc
nc
nc
D)
ie
ie
ie
2.
V(23)= [Ar] 3d', 4s2
Sc
Sc
Sc
V" = [Ar] 3d, 4s two unpaired electrons)
Cr(24) [Ar] 3d', 4s
r
r
[Ar] 3d 4s
CCo(27)=
= (three unpaired electrons)
ee
ee
ee
[Ar] 3d', 4s2
4s
ar
ar
ar
Co = [Ar] 3d', (three unpaired electrons)
Sc(21)= [Ar] 3d, 4s2
C
C
Sc = [Ar] 3d', 4s° no unpaired electrons)
Thus, în Sc no unpaired d-electron is present. Hence, no d-d transition is possible and it is
colourless ion.
3. D)
Generally, d-block elements are called transition elements as they contain inner partially filled
e
e
d-subshell. Thus, their general electronic configuration is (n- 1)d, ns -2
nc
nc
nc
4. (D)
ie
ie
ie
Lanthanides and actinides both are not radioactive. Except promethium, all lanthanides are non-
Sc
Sc
radioactive while all actinides are radioactive.

Sc
5. (C)
r
r
Calamine is the carbonate ore of zinc (ZnCO;).
ee
ee
ee
6. D)
ar
ar
ar
Due to lanthanide contraction, the size of M" ions (i.e., Lu", Eu", Yb°" and Ce*) decreases
and thus, the basic strength of their hydroxides decreases.
C
C
The order of size of given M*" ions is
Ce> Eu*> Yb3*> Lu*
The order of basic strength of hydroxides is
Ce(OH)> Eu(OH)s> Yb (OH)s>Lu(OH}s
7. (A)
e
ce
ce
3d4s2
nc
2sFe [Ar)
en
en
ie
ci
ci
4 unpaired electrons
Sc
rS
rS
29Cu [Ar] 3d4s (one unpaired electron)

ee
ee
ee
27Co = [Ar] 3d'4s

ar
ar
ar
3unpaired electrons
C
28Ni [Ar) 3d 4s2
2 unpaired electrons
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
8. (A) clectrons (unpaired)-
C
1) d
state = ns clectron+ (n-
For d-block elements, oxidation
(a) Mn(25) LAr] 3d^ 4s2
0.S. 5+2 74s
b) Cr(24) [Ar] 3d
= 66
O.S. 5+1
[Ar] 3d4s'
e
e
(c) Cu (29)
0+1=1
nc
nc
nc
.S.
(d) Fe (25) [Ar] 3d° 4s*
ie
ie
ie
O.S. +2 and + 3
clements.
Thus, only Mn exhibits + 7 oxidation state among the given
Sc
Sc
Sc
9. (C)
r
r
The electronic configuration of Ce is
ee
ee
ee
[Xe] 4f 5d 6s2
Cess (observed)
Ce=Xe] 4f sd 6s
Ce
ar
ar
ar
Since, in +4 oxidation state, all 4f, Sd and 6s orbitals are empty and Ce gains the stable
C
C
configuration of nearest inert gas. Hence, Ce"" is most stable.
10. (B)
The electronic configuration of Ce is as Ce: [Xe] 4f sd'6s*
The most common oxidation states shown by cerium are +3 and +4.
e
e
11. (C)
nc
nc
nc
Outer-most No. of unpaired Magnetic moment
S. No. Ion
ie
ie
ie
configuration electrons 4=n(n+2) BM
Sc
Sc
La) |Mn |[Ar 3d

Sc 1.73
b)Ni*|[Ar) 3d 2.83
Fe I[Ar] 3d
r
r
C 5.91
ee
ee
ee
(d) Ag' |[Krl4d
Thus, Fe will show maximum magnetic moment.
ar
ar
ar
12. (C)
C
C
KCr;0
Let the oxidation state of Cr isx.
2(+1)+2x +7 (-2) =0
=
+2+2x-14 0
2x-12 0
e
ce
ce
X+6
nc
en
en
13.(A)
ie
Sr. No. Ore Formula

ci
ci
Sc
(a) Malachite CuCO3.Cu(OH)2 |

rS
rS
(6) Haematite
(C) Siderite FeO
FeCO
ee
ee
ee
Ld) Limonite 2Fe0s.3H,0

Thus, malachite
ar
ar
ar
is not an ore of iron.

14. (D)
C
Lanthanoid ion with no

unpaired electron is diamagnetic
s8Ce in nature.
Ce2 XC 4f sd"6s
4f (2 unpaired electrons)
paired electrons)
62Sm Xe] 4 sd 6s2
Sm 4f
ce
ce
ce
(6 unpaired clectrons)
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
[Xe] 4f 5d' 6s2
C
63Eu
4f 4f6s2 (7 unpaired electrons)
Yb Xe]
0
Yb* 4f* No unpaired electron hence diamagnetic.
15 (B)
=[Ar] 3d 42 T - [Ar] 3d' 4s°
e
e
2211
(No unpaired electron)
nc
nc
nc
[Arl3d 4s C= [Ar] 3d
C
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
(Three unpaired electrons)
gonArl3dl0 4s2 Zn= [Ar] 3d°
r
r
ee
ee
ee
11 1 1 1L 11
paired)
ar
ar
ar
(All electrons
2Cu=[Ar 3d 4s! Cu=[Ar] 3d
C
C
(All electrons paired
Since Crion has 3 unpaired electrons, therefore its salt, i.e. CrCl3 will be coloured
16.B)
process potassium
e
e
Potassium dichromate is good oxidising agent in acidic medium. In this
(oxidation number
nc
nc
nc
dichromate (oxidation number of Cr = + 6) is reduced to chromium sulphate
ofCr +3)
ie
ie
ie
Cr0+14H* +6e 2C3 +7H,O
Sc
Sc
agent
Sc
Dichromate ion gain six electrons and hence act as an oxidising
r
r
ee
ee
ee
17.(C)
Only Promethium is radioactive
ar
ar
ar
18.(A)
C
C
Sodium dichromate
Sodium chromateOnc.2304
NazCr0 +Na2$04 +H20
2 Na,CrO4 +H^SO4 (conc.)->
19.(D)
vanadium and scandium are d-block elements which form
Out of given options chromium,
coloured compounds. Iron forms
colourless compound.
e
ce
ce
nc
20.(D)
en
en
from La(OH)J to Lu(OH)3.

Ln(OF)3: Basic strength decreases
ie
ci
ci
Sc
21.(C)
rS
rS
22Ti1s2s2p3s3p$4s*3d* electron in d orbital)

Is2s*2p°3s*3p°4s"3d (No unpaired
ee
ee
ee
2Cu1s*2s*2p3s5P 4s'3d (No unpaired clectron d

in orbital)
ar
ar
ar
2s'2p°3s*3p°4s°3d or ion then its solution

Is present in d orbital of the transition metal
C
f no unpaired electron is
becomes colourless.
22. (A)
Dichromate ion Cz0;
aromate ion Cro,
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
23. (C)
C
3MnO + 6KOH + KCIO> 3K4Mn04+ KCl +3H,0
24. (B)
Manganate ion MnO, Permanganateion MaO4
25. (D) 26. (D) 27.(A) 28. (C) 29. (A) 30. (B)
e
e
31. (A)
nc
nc
nc
Pu exhibits +7 oxidation state.
ie
ie
ie
32. (B)
Sc
Sc
Sc
33. D)
Corundum is crystallized alumina while all others are mineral
r
r
of iron.
ee
ee
ee
34. (A)
ar
ar
ar
35. (B)
FeO3 (Haematite) is an ore of iron.
C
C
36. (A)
Limonite 2Fe,03 3H,0
37. (A)
In 3d-series elements, across
the series density and mass increases
e
e
Scandium has lowest density and from Sc to Zn. Therefore,
nc
nc
nc
is lightest.
38. (A)
ie
ie
ie
All transition elements (with
the exception Zn, Cd and Hg) are
Sc
Sc
Here, Zn is a soft element as compared of

Sc
very hard.
to others.
39. (C)
r
r
40. (B) 41. (B)
ee
ee
ee
42. (A)
ar
ar
ar
Zn
Zn*">3d" (No unpaired d-electron)
C
C
Zn forms colourless compounds in +2 oxidation
state.
43. (A)
44. (C)
Atomic size decreases across
the series from left to
right.
e
ce
ce
Ce> Pr> Pm> Sm

nc
45. (C)
en
en
t
ie
46. (B)
ci
ci
Sc
Along the lanthanoid

rS
rS
series, there is a
47. (C)
decrease in ionic radii.
ee
ee
ee
Ce [Xe]4f sd° 6s?

ar
ar
ar
Ce exhibits +4 oxidation
state.
C
48. (A)
49. (A)
50. (C)
51. (C)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Transition and Inner transitlon Elements (227)
52. (C)
C
Conversion of chromite ore into sodium
chromate
4FeCO,+8Na,CO, +70,
2Fe,0, +8CO, +8Na,Cro,
Chromite ore
Sodium chromate
ii Conversion of sodium chromate
into sodium dichromate
2Na,Cro+H,SO,
e
e
Na,Cr,0, +Na,SO,+H,O
nc
nc
nc
Sodium chromate Sodium dichromate
ie
ie
ie
ii. Conversion sodium dichromate to potassium dichromate
Sc
Sc
Sc
Na,CrO, +2KCl
Sod. dichromate K,C,0, +2NaCI
Pot. dichromate
r
r
ee
ee
ee
53.(D)
Cr3
3d (3 unpaired electrons)
ar
ar
ar
n(n +2) V3(3+2) =3.87 BM
C
C
54. (B)
Gadolinium-> [Xe] 4f'sd'6s2
The extra stability of Gd*" ion is due to their
half-filled f-subshells.
55.(B)
e
e
The greater number of unpaired electrons, greater is interatomic
nc
nc
nc
interaction and greater will be
the enthalpy of atomization.
ie
ie
ie
56. (D)
Sc
Sc
Sc
Pr belongs to first inner transition series, i.e. Lanthanoids series elements.
57. (B)
r
r
Lr(Z 103)= 5f* 6d' 7s*
ee
ee
ee
[Rn]
Due to completely filled 5f- orbital, Lr exhibits only +3 oxidation state.
ar
ar
ar
58.(A) 59. (D)
C
C
60. (C)
() HO-S-OH
i) HO-S-S-OH
e
ce
ce
nc
(H,SO) (HS,O)
en
en
ie
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
ii) HO-S-S-OH (iv) HO-0-S-OH

ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
(H,S,0,) (H,SO,)
C
HS0, contain four S =0 bonds.

61.(A)
ACTOSs the 3d- series, density of the elements increases.
Ni> Fe> Cr> V
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
62. (C)
C
Chalcopyrite CuFeS2
63.(C)
Promethium (Pm) is the only radioactive lanthanide.
64. (C)
[Ar] 3d4sZ=30 (Zn)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
65. (A)
(A) Cu(Z=29) = 1s 2s2 2p° 3 3p 4s' 3d1
ie
ie
ie
(B) Ni(Z28) = 1s* 2s* 2p° 3s 3p° 4s 3d
Sc
Sc
Sc
(C) V(Z= 23) = Is* 2s* 2p° 3s 3p 4s 3d
D) Mn(Z 25) - 1s2s 2p° 3s* 3p° 4s*3d
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Cu(Z= 29) possesses one electron in 4s orbital in observed electronic configuration.
ar
ar
ar
66. (C)
C
C
Magnesite- MgCO3
Calamine-ZnCOs
Siderite -FeCO3
Willemite-Zn,Si04 7
67. (A)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
T = 4s° 3d'
ie
ie
ie
Cu = 4s° 3dl0
Sc
Sc
Sc3* 4s 3d
Sc
Zn=4s° 3d°
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Ti" forms colored compounds as it has unpaired electrons.
ar
ar
ar
68. (A)
C
C
Willemite -ZnSiO4
Malachite -CuCo, Cu(OH),
Corundum- Al,O3
Azurite-2CuCO, Cu(OH)%
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
69. (A)
ie
Highest oxidation state of +7 is exhibited by

Pu and Np.
ci
ci
Sc
70.(D)
rS
rS
1. Dysprosium (66) = Xe]4f°"6s*

ee
ee
ee
ii. Praseodymium (59)= [Xe]

4f°6s
ar
ar
ar
ii. Neodymium (60) = [Xe]4f 6s*

C
iv. Cerium (58) 4f 5d' 6s

[Xe]
Cerium exhibits +4 oxidation
state with configuration 4f.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
71. (D)
Transitlon and Inner transitlon
Elements (228)
C
Configuration
No. of unpaired electrons
Sc=4s° 3d
LLI O
0
c-4s34 1
e
e
nc
nc
nc
3
TP=4 3a
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
Ni-4s 3a | 1
1L|11
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Co-45 3d I1 1 1 11
ar
ar
ar
3
C
C
Species having same
number ofunpaired electrons
have same dipole moment:
c&Co have 3 unpaired electrons.
- n(n+ 2) = VIS =3.9
e
e
72.(
nc
nc
nc
Haematite is an ore of
iron: FezO3
ie
ie
ie
73.(D)
Sc
Sc
Roasting is carried out for sulphide ores

Sc
which on heating in presence of excess of air
gases like SO2 etc. from the ore. releases
r
r
ee
ee
ee
74.(B)
Gadolinium: Gd (6u) Xe4f 5d 6s Gie oiion st
ar
ar
ar
E has one
ci i5t1 2 o
unpaired electron in d orbital.
C
C
75.(
Neptunium= Np(93) = [Rn] 5f 6d' 7s belongs to 5f series.
76.(D)
OHs is the most basic of given hydroxides. It is more ionic in nature.

e
ce
ce
1.(D)
7
nc
en
en
Dlast furnace zone of fusion: 800°- 1200°C

ie
MnO, +2C
Mn+2C0
ci
ci
Sc
Ca,(PO,) 3Ca0+ P,O,

rS
rS
Sio +C Si+CO
ee
ee
ee
78.(A)
one of reduction or top zone
ar
ar
ar
Fe,0 +3Co-$3K2Fe+3C0
C
19.(D)
Metals like
Ag, Cd, In, Au etc. are soft in nature.
2
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
230) MHT-CET Exam QuestionszE
C
80.(D)
No. of unpaired clectrons
a1Sc=[Ar]3d' 452 1
22Ti=[Ar]3d 4s2
24Cr=[Ar]3d$ 4s
e
e
29 Cu
=[Ar]3d0 4s'
nc
nc
nc
81. D)
ie
ie
ie
Te is not much strong, so it requirea
Since Te is less electronegative, the bond between H and
Sc
Sc
Sc
low energy to dissociate.
Order of increase in electronegativity is as follows:
r
r
Te<SeS<0
ee
ee
ee
82. (B)
ar
ar
ar
Americium (Am) belongs to second inner transition series.
C
C
83. (D)
Some of the ions of these are fairly coloured.
All actinides are coloured ions.
84. (C)
E.C. of 71Lu = KXe] 4f 5d'6s2
[Xe]4f'5d'6s2
e
e
E.C. of s7La
Xe] 4f5a6s2
nc
nc
nc
E.C. of 70Yb
E.C. of 64Gd =[Xe] 4f'5d'6s
ie
ie
ie
85. (D)
Sc
Sc
Pu (Plutonium, Z= 94) is actinoid.

Sc
86. (A)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
CaO combines with gangue to form molten slag of calcium silicate and calcium aluminate.
Ca0+Si0, CaSiO0
ar
ar
ar
12Ca0+2Al203 4CazAlO3 +302
C
C
87. (D) .. b12
Most of the elements of these do not occur in nature but prepared in laboratory.
88.(B) ibyi rgi
Lutetium (Lu) does not form oxocation, because no lanthanoids form oxocations.
e
ce
ce
89.(A)
nc
22Ti
en
en
Ar]
ie
26Fe[Ar] 3ds
ci
ci
Sc
28 Ni* >[Ar]
3d*
rS
rS
Since Ti has no unpaired electron, it forms colourless

compound.
ee
ee
ee
90. (B)
ar
ar
ar
4s 3d5
O O0000
C
zaCr [Ar
Since Cr has 6 electrons in outermost

shell, it can show oxidation states
+l to +6.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Transltlon and Inner transltion Elements (231)
C
91.()
Fe+ H,SO, Feso,+H, 1
(dilute)0 1
rT
92. (B)
e
e
Melting point of Zn 419.5°C =692.5 K
nc
nc
nc
93. (B)
ie
ie
ie
HCr 1s* 2s 2p° 3s* 3p° 4s' 3d
Sc
Sc
Sc
94.(A)
Cast iron contains 4.0 % carbon and it is hard and brittle.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
95. (A)
Washing in current of water is gravity
ar
ar
ar
concentration method, where lighter particles washed
away with current of water and heavier (ore) particles
collected at the bottom.uio
C
C
96.(B)
A
CaCO CaO +CO .
Limestone
1200 KQuick limnea0 1."7it
This occurs in zone of slag formation
e
e
nc
nc
nc
97. (C)
TC
In zone of reduction the temperature is around 900 K.
ie
ie
ie
Fe,O,+3C0 2Fe+3CO
Sc
Sc
Sc
98.(A)
r
r
Ln forms Ln" ions; they form Ln2O3 when it burnt in oxygen.
ee
ee
ee
4Ln+302 2Ln203
ar
ar
ar
99.(B)
C
C
EC. of gsTb = [Xe] 4f 6s-it teyot
i eolm
Tb Xe] 4f' 6s" 262g 3 i
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
ie
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Compounds
C
9. Coordination
Methods
ne
compound or a complex consists of a metal atom or ion surrounded by eutral
A co-ordination [Cu(NH3)4]SO4.
co-ordinate bonds, e.g.
e
e
molecules or anions called ligands bonded by
nc
nc
nc
in the complex has primary valence (outer
(os.
According to Werner's theory, metal atom or ion
ie
ie
ie
sphere) and secondary valence (inner sphere).
Sc
Sc
Sc
bonded
. Co-ordination number (CN) : The number of (monodentate) ligands directly to tha
co-ordination number (CN).
r
r
central metal atom or ion by co-ordination bonds is
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Ligands:
() Monodentate ligands (CI, OH, NH3, H;0, etc.)
C
C
i) Bidentate (en, c,of etc.
(i)Tridentate (dien)
(iv)Tetradentate (trien)
(v) Hexadentate (EDTA)
e
e
.Types of Complexes
nc
nc
nc
(A) Homoleptic complexes Ni(CO)4, [Co(NH3);]Clh
ie
ie
ie
(B) Heteroleptic complexes [Co(NH)4Cl,H20]Ci
Sc
Sc
Sc
Effective atomic number:
r
r
EAN=Z-X+Y
ee
ee
ee
Where,Z= Atomic number of metal.
ar
ar
ar
X= Number of electrons lost by metal to form the ion.
Y=Number of electrons donated by ligands.
C
C
Isomerism in Complexes
(A)Stereoisomerism: ) Geometrical isomerism
(ii) Optical isomerism
(B) Stnuctural isomerism
:0 1onisation 150merisn
e
ce
ce
(ii) Linkage isomerism

nc
ii)Coordination isomerism
en
en
ie
(iv)Solvate isomerism
ci
ci
Sc
Bonding in Complexes
rS
rS
) Valence bond theory (VBT) i) Crystal field theory (CFT)

ee
ee
ee
Valence bond theory (VBT): A central metal atom or ion undergoes hybridisation
sp
the
ar
ar
ar
dsp, d'sp, etc. forming hybridised orbitals to accommodate the lone pairs
of elecirons
C
ligands.
(A)Inner complex : (n- 1) d orbitals of metal are used
(B) Outer complex: nd orbitals
of metal are used.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Types of bridizatio on Geometry
Coordination Compounds (233)
ar
ar
ar
hybridisation
Sp hybridisation Linear
C
Sp Triangular
sp hybridisation Tetrahedral A
dsp hybridisation Square planar

dsp hybridisation Trigona bipyramidal
d'sp bybridisation Octahedral
hybridisation Pentagonal bipyramidal_
e
e
d'sp
nc
nc
nc
Applications of the coordination compounds
Biological importance
noth zn
ie
ie
ie
iii.In medicine
Sc
Sc
Sc
ii. For estimation of hardness of water
iv. In electroplating
r
r
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
MHT-CET 2006
1. Which of thefollowing is diamagnetic in nature? 3

(A)[Fe(CN)% (B) D [MnCi,
NiCI-i
.
(C)[Ni(COJ
MHT-CET 2013
e
e
[Cu(NH)41* shows which of the following hybridisation?
nc
nc
nc
2.
(A)dsps (B) sp d C)dsp e(D)sp

ie
ie
ie
magnetic moment of 1.73 BM will be shown by one among the following.7
Sc
Sc
3. A
t Ot yirt3 (
Sc
A)[Cu(NH)4]° (B) Ni(CN)41
C) TiCl4
r
r
ee
ee
ee
MHT-CET 2014
ar
ar
ar
amongst the following complexes.
4Selectthe diamagnetic complex ion
C
C
No.: Fe 26, Co = 27)
(At. (D)K3[CoF%]
(A)KFe(CN)%) B)[Co(NHs)%]Clh (C)Ka[FeF]
7
MHT-CET 2015
[Co(NH3)3(NO2)3]. Triamminetrinitrito-N-cobalt(I) 8
The correct IUPAC name of
(B)
e
ce
ce
(A)Triamminetrinitrito-N-cobalt() D)Triamminetrinitrito-N-cobaltate(II)
nc
en
en
(C)Triamminecobalt(I)nitritevi (} are the examples of what type

[Cr(NH3)2(SCN)4] [Cr(NH;)4(SCN),]
ie
[Cr(SCN)s] and
ci
ci
NE6]
Sc
of isomerism? (B)Linkage isomerism

rS
rS
(A)lonisation isomerism (D) Solvate isomerisSm t lae S

C)Coordinationiisomerism H
ee
ee
ee
MHT-CET
2016
ar
ar
ar
1. Which neutral complex?(C)Ni(NHs)%]Ch

()NGNH)s/C2(D)KA[Fe[CN)
(D) K4[Fe(CN)]
C
of the following is a[Co(NH;)%]Cls

(A) [Pt(NH)2Ch]
NH)>Ch]
MHT-CET
(B)
2017 Ka[Fe(CN)%] is
number of "Fe in
coordination (C)+2, 6
D)+3,3
charge on and
correct ch
A)+2,4
ce
ce
ce
(B) +3, 6
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
of following coordinate complexes is an exception to EAN ule? i
ar
ar
ar
9. Which
(Given: At. No. Pt = 78, Fe = 26, Zn = 30, Cu = 29)
C
(A)[P(NH,)%J B)Fe(CN), C2(NH,).]D)[Cu(NH),]*
MHT-CET 2018
10. What is the oxidation umber of gold in the complex [AuCl4] ?
e
e
(A)+4 (B)+3 (C)+2 (D)+1
nc
nc
nc
11. What is the number of donor atoms in dimethylglyoximato ligand?
ie
ie
ie
(A)1 B)2 (C)3 D)4
Sc
Sc
Sc
MHT-CET 2019
r
r
12. Which complex among the following gives a white precipitate on treatment with an aqueous
ee
ee
ee
solution of barium chloride?
(A)[Pt{NHs)4Cl2]Br2 (B)[Co(NH3)sNO,]SO4
ar
ar
ar
(C)[PUNH)4Br2]Cl2 (P)[co(NH;),SO4JNODa
C
C
13. Which among the following is used in the treatment of cancer?
E T-U
(A) trans-Pt(NH3)%Cl4] (B) cis-[PtCLNH:)2]
(C) trans-[Pt(en),Clh] (D)cis-[Pt(en);Clh]
14. Which among the following is a neutral complex?
-T
e
e
(A)Ni(NHs)]Ch (B)[Fe(H;0)%]C CK[Ag(CN):] (DPNHhCh]
nc
nc
nc
15. According to Wermer's theory, the geometry of the complex is determined
by
ie
ie
ie
(A) number and position of the primary valences in space.
Sc
Sc
(B) only from the primary valence in space.

Sc
(C) only from the position of secondary valence in space.
r
r
(D)number and position of the secondary valences in space.
ee
ee
ee
16. The effective atomic number of Iron (Z = 26) in [Fe(CN)] 0TD-TH
ar
ar
ar
is
(A)35 (B) 34 C) 33 (D) 36 il tosise
C
C
17. IUPAC name of the complex Ba[CuCl4] is
(A) Bariumtetrachlorocuprate(I) (B) Tetrachlorobariumcuprate).
(C) Tetrachlorobariumcopper1) (D) Bariumtetrachlorocuprate(II) TR
18. Which among the following ligands
is used for the estimation.of hardness
of water ?
e
ce
ce
(A)Ammonia (B) Ethylene diamine

nc
(C)Diethylene triamine
en
en
(D)Ethylene diamine tetra-acetate

ie
19. What is the denticity

of Ethylene diamine tetra-acetate ion?
ci
ci
Sc
(A)4 (B)2 (C)1 750a

rS
rS
(D)6
20. The complex ions [Co(H20)s(ONO)J*
and [Co(H;O),NO, are
noiteir3
ee
ee
ee
(A) linkage isomers

(C) coordination isomers (B) geometrical isomers
T3 H
ar
ar
ar
(D) ionization isomers

21. The IUPAC name of coordinate
C
complex [P{NHs)>Ch]is
Adiammnedichloroplatimum(1)
(C) diamminedichloroplatinum(IV) (B) dichlorodiammineplatinum(IV)
(D)dichlorodiammineplatinum(U93
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Coordination Compounds
ar
ar
ar
The effective atomic number of (235
9. Co (Z=27) in [Co(NH)%1* is
C
(A) 27 B)34 (C) 35 (D) 36
3, The coordination number of Pt*" ion in [Pt Clh(NH)2]
(A)4 complex is
(B) 8 (C)2 (D)6
MHT-CET 2020
e
e
24. Which among the following coordination
compounds does not have
nc
nc
nc
to number of ligands? coordination number equal
(A)[Co(NH)%"
ie
ie
ie
(B)[Cu(NHs)* (CCo(en) D[PMONH)*
Sc
Sc
Sc
25. What is effective atomic number of Fe in
[Fe(CN)]? (At. No. of Fe = 26)
(A)26 (B)34
r
r
(C) 36 (D)35
ee
ee
ee
26. What is the value of primary valence
of Co in CoCl3?
(A)4
ar
ar
ar
(B)3
(D)2
C
C
27. What is the type
of hybridization and the geometry respectively
(A)sp'd and octahedral found in [CoF6]°*?
(C)dsp and pentagonalbipyramidal (B)d'sp' and pentagonal bipyramidal
D)dsp' and trigonal bipyramidal
is a correct formula of Pentammineaquacobalt(II)iodide?
(A)[Co(H;O)(NHs)s]I
e
e
C)[Co(NH)s(H,O)]ls (B)[Co(NHi)sI]H;0
nc
nc
nc
D[Co(H0) (NH:)s1]
ie
ie
ie
types of valences, according to
valence? Werner's theory is also called as
Sc
Sc
(A)Subsidiary valence
Sc primary
()Auxiliary valence ,AYENI sB)Residualvalence
r
r
D)lonisable valence
ee
ee
ee
30. Identify the
formula of potassiumtrioxalatoaluminate(III).
(A)Ka[Al(C0s)»]B)[K3AI(,20)3] t a2
ar
ar
ar
(C)KaAI(C04)»]
31. Which among D)Als[Ks(C0«)»]
C
C
the following complexes is a homoleptic
(A)K(Ag(CN)h] and cationic in nature?
B) [Fe(CO)s] ts(C)[CoCh(en)]Cl
32. Which statement (D[Fe(H20)]Ck
from following is true for a complex
(A)It is an anionic complex hexaminecobalt(II)chloride?
(B)In this coordination number of cobalt is
9
e
ce
ce
(C)In this oxidation state of cobalt is

+3
nc
(D)It is a heteroleptic complex

en
en
33. Identify
ie
the oxidation state of Cr in K3 [Cr(C;04)»]

ci
ci
Sc
(A)+5 (B)+2 (C)+6 ui

rS
rS
34. Which among

wl
(D)+3
the following complexes is a heteroleptic
(A)KA[Pe(CN)%] and cationic in nature?
ee
ee
ee
(B) [Pt{NH)2Clh]
(C[Co(NHs).CL]Cl
D)INi(COA1
ar
ar
ar
35. Which from

following complexes, the central metal ion
does NOT obey BAN
C
(Atomic number: Pt= 78, Cu = rule?

29,Zn= 30, Fe = 26)
(AJ[PL(NH;)%]"
B)[Zn(NH)A* (C[Cu(NH3)A*
D[Fe(CN)«J
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
36. What is IUPAC name of [CoClh(en)2]'?
(A)Bis(ethylenediammine)dichlorocobalt (UI) ion
C
(B) Ethylene diamine cobalt () dichlorideT
(C)Ethylene diamine cobalt chloride
(D)Dichloro ehtylenediamine cobalt (1)
37. What is the oxidation number of Fe in K3[Fe(CN)«1?
as(A)-6iait33(B)+6 (C)+3gi olol(D)-3
e
e
nc
nc
nc
38. What is the type of magnetic belhavior and geometry respectively in Cuproammonium sulphate
ie
ie
ie
(Atomic number of Cu = 29)?
(A) Paramagnetic and square planar
i (B)Paramagnetic and tetrahedrale 72
Sc
Sc
Sc
(C) Diamagnetic and pyramidal (D) Diamagnetic and tetrahedral
r
r
*39. Which ligand among the following has highest splitting power of d-orbitals of central metal ion?
ee
ee
ee
(A) NCS (B) OH (C) Co (D) S
ar
ar
ar
40. How many water molecules are hydrogen bonded in following molecular formula
C
C
Cu (H,0),1 so H,0?
(A) 5 (B)4ts qG (C) 3TrsTgd isrn gtD) 1 qeb
41. Which among the following is a correct formula of Bariumtetrachlorocuprate(I)?
(A) Ba[CuCL] (B) Cu[BaCl4] } (C) Ba[CuClh]Ch D)
t7 8
Cu[BaCh]Ch
e
e
42. What is oxidation number of Ru in | Ru(NH), H,o
nc
nc
nc
Cl,?
(A)+2 (B)+5 (C)+1 D+6 d
ie
ie
ie
43. What is the effective atomicnumber of Zn in [Zn(NH3)4]SO4?
Sc
Sc
Sc0einv
ruistadei
(A) 27 (B)36i iioint (C) 30 01(D) 28
r
r
44. Identify thetetradentate ligand from the following.isizsor io
ee
ee
ee
(A) Triethylene tetramine iumot s
(B) Ethylene diamine tetracetato

ar
ar
ar
(C) Dimethyl glyoximato O)Oxalato
C
C
45. What is the number of =N-OH groups present in dimethyl glyoximato?.
AA
(A)1 (B)4 (C)3
46. What is the secondary valence of Co" ion according
to Wemer's theory in [CoNH)4C:]?
(A)4 (B)3 (C)96 (D)5
e
ce
ce
47. Which coordinate compound from following

has a net negative charge on complex ion?
nc
(A)Tris(ethylenediammine)cobalt(I1l)chloride
en
en
(B) Diamminesilver()chloride
t
ie
4n to s19:5e toitsbia sd:

raon!
(C)Potassiumtrioxalatoaluminate(III)
ci
ci
Sc
D)Tetracarbonylnickel(0) A
rS
rS
48. What is the oxidation state and

coordination number of platinum
ee
ee
ee
(A)+6 and 6 (B)+4 and 4 respectively in [Pt(NH3

(C)+6 and 4 (D)+4 and 6
ar
ar
ar
49. Which among the following is

an ambidentate ligand?
Ee gu lo i *
C
(A)H20 (B) NHa

}3 (C) COO (D) NO2
TCoO
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
entify the number of donor groups oiyCoordinatlon Compounds (237)
ar
ar
ar
present in
(A)Six (B) Three EDTA.1o
C
al number of
the total
C)Two % (D)Four
51. What is ligands present
in [CoCL(NH,)4]C12
(A)6 (B)2i,ai
Which among the following is a monodentate
(A)Oxalato (B)Water
(C)4:et9ei (4
ligand? , D)1
znruit
T1 {2:1
e
e
( Ethylenediamine (D)Dimethylglyoximato
nc
nc
nc
ea What is EAN of Cobalt in [Co(NH1)6]Cl3
(At. No. of Co = 27)?
(A)36 (B) 28
ie
ie
ie
(C)27 (D)30 titroi.
K4. How many donor groups are present
Sc
Sc
Sc
in diethylene triamine?
gr
(A)6 (B)4 (C)3
r
r
5. Which among the following complexes carries not net
ee
ee
ee
charge?
to(A) [P(NHs),ClL] (B) [Fe(H,0)]Cls" (C)K[Hgl4] D) Ni(NH3)]Clh
ar
ar
ar
56.Identify the coordinate complex having ambidentate ligand from
C
C
following /uk
(A) Tetraaquadichlorochromium(I)chloride
(B)Bariumtetrachlorocuprate(T)
(C) Sodiumhexanitrito-N-cobaltate(II)
(D) Diamminesilver()Chloride
51. Identify the increasing order of effective magnetic moment of following elements in their +2
e
e
oxidation state.
nc
nc
nc
{Fe (Z 26), Co (Z=27), Ni (Z= 28), Cu (Z 29)}
ie
ie
ie
(A) Co< Cu < Fe<Ni (B) Cu<Ni < Co<Fe
Fe <Co<Ni< Cu ii insbi .I
Sc
Sc
C)Cu Co<Fe Ni < D) Sc rE
58. What is systematic name of [Cr(en)s]Clk?

sd7.c
r
r
Ethylenediamminetrichlorochromate *Hrat E7 YTSt13a ia sriii
ee
ee
ee
A) (
(B) Tri(ethylenediammine)chromium(1I)chloride
ar
ar
ar
C) Tris(ethylenediammine)chromium(cnloriae01 ns20:i. i sdrnam rit 2i sn.E
(D)Ethylenediamminechromium(1)chloride
C
C
9. What is oxidation state of iron in potassium
hexacyano ferrate (II)?,
(A) +3 B)2siyisë (E ()+6
60. Identify the precipitate and it's quantity obtained
when 'mole of aqueous solution of
Tetramminedichloroplatinum(IV)bromide 1s treated with aqueous silver nitrate in excess.-
e
ce
ce
(A) Two moles of silver chloride i)}

nc
(8) Two moles of silver bromide vi.ar

one mole öf silver bromide 1ntrztuot irt
en
en
moles of silver chloride and

ie
Two
D)One moléof silver bromide.t
f)oi(8)
ci
ci
Sc
sizia'
NOT a heteroleptic complex?sc
rS
rS
61. Which among complexes is

the following (B)[Co(NH3)6]Cl3
()
}iCI)(D) [Co(en)2Ch]Cl 0,teo
(A) Pt(NH,)4Br2]Br2
ee
ee
ee
(C)[Co(en)%Ch) 2(
[PtCla(NHs)2] and [Pt (NH;)%]" respectively?.ar
62. What coordination number of Pt in
ar
ar
ar
(D) 4 and 4A)

is
and 2 (C)4 and 6 i)
(B)2
C
42 and4 complex? 1 15
compounds is cationic
n among the following (I11) B) Lithium hydrido aluminate (II)i
(A) Sodiu hexanit cobaltate m
D) Diammine silver () nitrate 9.iA
Sodium tetrachloro zincate ().
t
t
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
7
are present in the ligand dimethyl glyoximato 6
64. How many points of attachment (D) 4
C
(A) 2 (B)1 (C)3
65. What type of ligand diethylenetriamine is ?
(A)Tridentate (B) Tetradentate (C) Hexadentate (D)Bidentate
when a
*66.Which from following d-orbitals of transition metals have slightly higher energY frea
metal ion forms at compound ?

e
e
(C)dyA
nc
nc
nc
(A) dy (B) dx
67. Identify cationic complex from following.
ie
ie
ie
(A) Ka[Ha) (B) K4[Fe(CN)%] (C) [Ni(cO)4] (D) Ni(NH).]C1
Sc
Sc
Sc
68.Which ligand among the following has lowest splitting power of d-orbitals of central metal ion?
r
r
(A) HO (B) SCN (C) (D) EDTA
ee
ee
ee
69. According to Wermer's theory based on experiment the formula of coordination compound is
ar
ar
ar
CoCl3 3NHs then the molar conductance in mho mol and number of Cl ions precipitated by
C
C
AgNO respectively is
(A)0, 0 (B)0,2 (C)102, 0 2U (D)102, 1
70. Which of the following statements is correct according to Werner's theory, when excess AgNO;
is treated with CoCl.6NH3 precipitating three moles
of AgCi7 tyEdia
(A)5 NH3 and 1 Cl atom are in coordination sphere
(B)3 'CI' atoms are in ionization sphere
e
e
nc
nc
nc
(C) 2 Cl atoms and 4 NH3 molecules are in coordination sphere
(D)2'CI atoms are in coordination sphere
ie
ie
ie
71. Identify anionic complex from following.
Sc
Sc
(A) [Pi{NHs)2Ch]
Sc
(B) K[Ag(CN)2] (C)[Co(NHs)%]Cl3 (D) [Ni(C0)4]
r
r
72. What is the value of primary valence of copper chloride according
ee
ee
ee
to Werner's theory?
(A)3 (B)2 i-p:C) 4 ioiai(D)1
ar
ar
ar
73. What is the number of nitrogen atoms and-CO0 groups
respectively present in EDTA?
(B)2,2
C
C
(A)3, 2 (C)2,4 qits
(D)4,4 2i
74. Identify monodentate ligand from following
(A)Dimethylglyoximato (B) Ethylenediamine
(C)Diethylenetriamine (P)Ammonia
75. What is the oxidation number of central
metal atom in [Cr(NH)6]NO3):?iEt29
e
ce
ce
(A)+2
nc
(B)+6 (C)+4 (D)+3 rei

en
en
76. Which coordinate complex from

following has a complex ion with
ie
(A) K:[H,4] (B) KA[Fe(CN)] postive charge?

ci
ci
(C)[Pt(NHs)aCh]
Sc
D) [Ni(NH:)%]Clh
rS
rS

is NOT an octahedral
(A)P(NH3)2Clh] complex?,olo
(B)[C%Ch(en)>l.
u gncenst'oiio
ee
ee
ee
(C)[Co(en);(NOs)%]
(D)Ir(C20»CL]
78. Whatis oxidation state
ar
ar
ar
of iron in potassium
(A)+2 ferrate?: i.,
C
(B)+4 (C)+3
79. What is the number .
(D)+6ira
of moles of silver chloride precipitated silver
nitrate is treated with [Co(NH3)4Cl2]Cl?; when excess of aqueous *
(A)4.0 mole :7
(B) 3.0
molei (C)1.0mole n (D)2.0 mole
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
isom rism is present
What type of between 2 Coordination Compounds (23892
[Cr(H;O)%]C13. nd
ar
ar
ar
(ti) [Cr(H2O),CijClh.HO?
)(A)Coordination (B)Linkage a
C
C)lonisation oq19710:20rE
Wha type of f geometry
geometr and magnetic behaviour L (D)Hydrate
81. hat
(At. No. of Ni = 28) is found in compound
Tetrahedralaand paramagnetic [NiCl,7
ound [NICA
A)
C) Pyramidal and diamagnetic (B) Square planar
and paramagnetic
(D)Square planar
e
e
What is ematic name of [CoNH;)4CI2]C1? and paramagnetic
nc
nc
nc
8 A)
Teraammoniumcobaltchloride)4l2C1 ?
(B)Tetramninedichlorocobalt(I)chloride
ie
ie
ie
C)Tetraamninecobalt(i)chloride
DDichlorotetraamminecobalt(I) chloride
Sc
Sc
Sc
83. hich
among the following pair
of compounds is an
CA) [Co(NHs)SNO2JSO4 and example of linkage isomerism?
[Co(NH),SOaINO m
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(B) [Co(NHs)sNO2]C2
and [Co(NH3),ONO]Ch
CCrH0);]Clh and [Cr(H20)sCI]ClhH;0Tåit (A)
ar
ar
ar
(D)(Co(NHa)5SO4]Brand [Co(NHs)sBr|SO4 {R03 eA
C
C
R4.How many donor groups are present in dimethylglyoximato
(A)Two (B) Four
?iogro 0i1aiintK31
(C) Three (D) One
85.Which of the following is a property of coordination compound and not of double salt?
(A)Aqueous solution of these gives the tests of all constituent
ions.ihsai1
e
e
B) These show entirely different properties from their constituent ions.
nc
nc
nc
(C)These dissociate into their constituent ions when dissolved in water.
D)These lose their identity in aqueous solution.
ie
ie
ie
86.What is the effective atonmic number of Cu in [CuNHh)*2 (At. No. of Cu -29)
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A) 35 (B) 36 5578 7(C) 29 5 cie (D) 34OnE bipo
r
r
ee
ee
ee
SOLUTIONS
ar
ar
ar
1.
C)
C
C
2. (A)
29 Cu [Ar] 3d4s
Cu" [Ar] 3d
e
ce
ce
Ground state
nc
CufNH)4
en
en
bgt.i linahif
ie
.
ci
ci
,H
Sc
NHs NHa,
rS
rS
NHs NH
dspytorhdsation
oiqm
electrons ash .i
ee
ee
ee
3. (A)
with number of unpaired
Magne moment, u is related
ar
ar
ar
n(n yn(n +2) BM amagnetic moment of

C
solving, n=1"
1unDaired
unpaired electron exhibits
exhibits
.73)= n(n+2). On one
TThu
hus, the COmplex/compound
having (
comple
1.73 BM.
[Ar] 3d'
In[CuNH)A_ Cu
11 1 11
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
240) MHT-CET Exam Questlons
ar
ar
ar
4. (B)
Coordination compound/ion having unpaired
electron is paramagnetic in nature while ifi+1has
C
diamagnetic.
all the electrons paired, it is
ion
[Co(NH;)6] Ch, 1.e. [Co(NH)g*
[Ar] 3d'4s2
27Co
Co [Ar] 3d° 4s Ap
3d
e
e
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
Therefore, [C%(NH3)6] Clh is diamagnetic in nature.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
5. (A)
IUPAC name of [Co(NHs)»(NO:)%] is Triammine trinitrito-N-cobalt (11)
ar
ar
ar
C
C
6. (C)
In coordination isomerism same ligand attached to different metal ion in coordination sphere.
7. (A)
Neutral complex is the co-ordination compound with no charge. Hence option (A) is correct.
Pt (), NHs= neutral or 0 charge and CI, ie, [Pt (NHs)% Cl%]
e
e
nc
nc
nc
8. (B)
Ks|FelCN)s]=|Fe{CN),
ie
ie
ie
X+6(-1)=-3
Sc
Sc
X+3, i Sc
Coordination number of Fe is 6 as 6 CN are attached.
r
r
9. (D)
ee
ee
ee
x
For [Cu(NHj)4l*, EAN-29-2+(2 4) 35
ar
ar
ar
10.(B)
C
C
[AuCL4
X+4(-1)=-1 X=+3
11. (B)
e
ce
ce
OH
nc
en
en
ie
Bidentate Ligand
ci
ci
Sc
Hc CH
rS
rS
12. (B)
ee
ee
ee
In complex [Co(NH3)5sNO,]SO4, with

SO ions are in ionization sphere. Therefore on reac
ar
ar
ar
BaClh it will give white ppt. of BaSO4.

C
co(NH)s NO, ]S04+ BaCl2 co(NH3)s NO, |Clh+ BaSO4

13. (B) UWhiteppt :
14. (D)
The complexes which carry
no net charge are called as neutral
ce
ce
ce
complexes..
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
OCoordination Compounds (241)
ar
ar
ar
15.(D)
C
16(A)
Z AtomiC number= 26 Xoqtoa iot
Complex= [Fe (CN)]
O.N. of Fe=X-6=-3
EAN
X=+3
Z-X+Y =26-3 +12=
y9murt oilR/t
.
e
e
35
nc
nc
nc
17.(A) he-js0:0TD
TUPAC name of Ba lCuCk] is bariumtetrachlorocuprate(1).
ie
ie
ie
1)
Sc
Sc
Sc
18.(D) 19. (D) 20. (A) 21. (A) 23.(A)
22. (D) 3
24.(C)
LD(H0)]
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Ethylenediamine (en) is bidentate ligand.
.[Co(en)3]"> No. ofligands=3, Coordination number = 6
ar
ar
ar
TatHV)}
C
C
15. (C)
= 3).E
Z 26, X =2, Y 12
EAN ZX+Y = 26-2+12 36
26. (B)
Primary valence = Oxidation state of Co= +3.
stee ststphiz i:iHjO}
e
e
nc
nc
nc
27.(A)
Formation of [CoFs1
ie
ie
ie
It is an example of sp'd hybridisation. An octahedral complex shows paramagnetic behaviour.
Sc
Sc
Sc
It utilizes outer 4d orbital in sp?d* hybridisation. It is therefore called outer orbital
or high spin
or spin free complex.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Orbitals of Co" ion 3
ar
ar
ar
effect and Co possesses 4 unpaired
Since F is weak ligand, there is no spin pairing
C
C
electrons.
COundergoing sp?d* hybridisation spt orbilas
[CoF sphybrid orbitals

of clectrons from six F ions
e
ce
ce
slx pairs
(Outer orbital or High spin complex
nc
en
en
28.(C)
Oxidation state of Co is +3, Hence comect
are neutral'ligands:
ie
nine (NH) and aqua (HO)

ci
ci
Sc
Tormula is [Co(NH)s(H,O)]ls
rS
rS
29.
ee
ee
ee
30.(A)
Bidentate ligand, Oxidation
state of AlT< AV i*m O
ar
ar
ar
G04
Formula is Ks[AI(C204)sl.
C
31.(D)
Fe(H,0),1*+3C H20. A).
FeH,0) Jc, one type of Iigand,
i. Homoleptic-1Fe is linked to only charge on complex ion.
positive
aplex - due to
Cationic Compl
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
32. (C)
C
[Co(NH)6]Cl > Hexamminecobalt (II) chloride
It is an cationic complex.
Coordination number of Co = 6, Oxidation state of Cot3 A)
It is a homoleptic complex.
e
e
33. (D)
nc
nc
nc
Oxalate C,0
[Cr{C;0)»]>(1 x 3) +Cr+ (-2 x 3) = 0
ie
ie
ie
K3
3 +Cr-6=0 it ri rd ai i to 9utATUI
Sc
Sc
Sc
Cr = +3 (.
Al
34. (C)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(
[Co(NH)CL]Cl [Co(NH,),C,I +C
ar
ar
ar
35. (C)
C
C
[Cu (NH)41**> EAN -Z-X+Y=29-2+8-35
36. (A) 37. (C)
38. (A)
Cuproammonium sulphate [Cu(NHs)4]SO4. H2O
-
7 S A
[Cu(NHs)4*">Oxidation state of Cu = +2
e
e
nc
nc
nc
3d 44S 4p
ie
ie
ie
11 1 10 T
CuZ- 29)1 1
Sc
Sc
Sc
Cu
1tisbstio2siiu
r
r
|
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
4dsp hybrid orbitals
C
C
3d 4s 4p
grsbr o
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
4 electron pairs
ritH 31cho T
ie
from 4NH
ci
ci
Sc
-
dsp-Square planar, ParamagneticOne unpaired 8
rS
rS
39. (C)
electron2 pt i(Ai snt
ee
ee
ee
Strong ligands have larger value

of Ao and in case of weak ligands Ao values are smaller.
common ligands can be arranged in
a series in the order of their decreasing field strengu
ar
ar
ar
follows.
t
C
CO>CN> en>NH>EDTA>NCS>H0>
C20>OH>F>s*>CT>SCN>Br>T
40. (D)
Four water molecules are coordinated
with Cu" and one is hydrogen bonded
with SO
41. (A) .
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
cite Coordination Compounds (243)
ar
ar
ar
12.(A)
are
C
and H2l neutral molecules.
NH
Oxidation number of Ru= +2
43.(B)
EAN ZX*Y=30-2+836
e
e
44.(A)
nc
nc
nc
45.(P) n
ie
ie
ie
OH
Sc
Sc
Sc
HO
r
r
ee
ee
ee
HC-C-C-CH,
ar
ar
ar
dimethyl glyoximato
C
C
=
(The number of N- OH groups =2)
46. (C)
Secondary valence= Coordination number =6
47.(C)
,
e
e
K,[AC,O),1>3K* +[AIC,O,)
nc
nc
nc
48. (D)
Oxidation state of Pt = +4
.
ie
ie
ie
[PtNH3)6]"* i.
ii. Coordination number of Pt=6
Sc
Sc
Sc
49. (D) is linked to the
atoms (N and 0). Out of the two only one donor atom
r
r
NO, group has two donor
ee
ee
ee
metal as M- ONO or M NO2
-
ar
ar
ar
50.(A)
C
C
EDTA is hexadentate ligand.
51. (A)
[CoClh(NH)JCI coordination sphere.
NHs molecules
and 2 CI ions in
Co is linked to 4
e
ce
ce
number ofligands= 6
Total
nc
bidentate ligands.
en
en
52.(B) others are

monodentate ligand while
ie
Water is a
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
53. (A)
= 27-3+12 36
EAN of Co =Z-X+Y
ee
ee
ee
54. (C)
ar
ar
ar
Hh
N
C
H
HC -CH
Diethylene triamine (dien)

ce
ce
ce
(3 donor groups)
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
55. (A) tA
ieui os (H
C
ibne
Net charge: +2+ 1(-2)=0u
H
(A) Pt (NH)>Ch]
(B)[FeH0)1** -
Net charge: +3
(C)H Net charge: -2
D) Ni(NH) Net charge: +2 S -98YX-A
e
e
A
nc
nc
nc
56. (C)
-NO2 group is ambidentate ligand where the donor atom can be N and O as (-ONO) It i
ie
ie
ie
present insodiumhexanitro-N-cobaltate (II): Na,[Co([NO26)HO
Sc
Sc
Sc
OH
57. (B)
r
r
Fe 4s° 3d
1 11
ee
ee
ee
n= 4
1
ar
ar
ar
ynn+2) o1sXig iviisih
C
C
H =4(4+2) =4.889
Co4 3d
4V33+2) 3.87
1 1
1T
e
e
t.0,D112 :(,0.1A],
nc
nc
nc
Ni 4s03a3
.8
ie
ie
ie
n=2 LotcH
Sc
Sc
42(2+2) = 2.82
Sc
tt).e
r
r
es
be Cut>4s°3d?i
ee
ee
ee
n=1
O-Mo OVO- M 2s lsistm
ar
ar
ar
I+2)=1.73
C
C
Increasing order of magnetic moment : Cu<Ni <Co <Feitagil tsiusibs zod si eTCH
58. (C)
A.
[Cr(en)]Cl: Tris (ethylene diammine) chromium () chloride.
59. (B)
e
ce
ce
Potassium hexacyano ferrate (TI) : K4[Fe(CN)6]

nc
Oxidation state of iron =+2

en
en
ie
60. (B) et insihid STE 19di0 slitiw tn6gl otsinaborom s e ats

ci
ci
Sc
[Pt(NH3)4 Clh]B + AgNO 2AgBr

rS
rS
+[Pt(NH3)4 Ch1*
Tetrammine dichloro
Platium (TV) bromide
ee
ee
ee
61. (B)
ar
ar
ar
Heteroleptic complex: Complex with metal species having

more than onetype of ligand.
C
[Co(NHs)s clh- Homoleptic complex as it has only

one type of ligand
All other complexes are heteroleptic in nature.
62. (C)
Both Cl and NH3 are unidentate ligands.
The coordination number of Pt in [PtCl20NH)2] =
ce
ce
ce
4 and in [Pt(NH)6]1= 6. i
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
erci:Coordination Compounds
ar
ar
ar
63.(D (245)
Sodium hexaxanitro cobaltate
(Il):
Nay[Co(NO-l-Anionic
C
hium hydrido minate (III): LiAIHA-
tetrachloro
Sodium tetrachl zincate Anionic ComplexComplexsld r7
(): Na2[ZnCla] -
Diamminee silver () nitrate : LAg(NHS,JNO-Cationic
Anionic Complex
Complex
mplex 320
4.(A)
e
e
OH
nc
nc
nc
HO
HOO
ie
ie
ie
H HH
Sc
Sc
Sc
HC-C-C-CH,
dimethyl glyoximato
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Two donor atoms per each ligand.
ar
ar
ar
ATO
65.(A)
C
C
Diethyl triamine - dien is a tridentate ligand. rts froin to rst
HN NH
e
e
nc
nc
nc
Boyle's Law
ie
ie
ie
66.(D)
Sc
Sc
Sc
ay, yz z have same energy
r
r
While
d22 have lightly higher energy.
ee
ee
ee
-H
ar
ar
ar
67.(D)
C
C
A)K2Hg L]= [Hgl4]* = Anionic Complex
Complex
6KAFe(CN)] = [Fe(CN)%1= Anionic
AT
nar la
INi(NHs)6]Cl2= [Ni(NH3)%]Cationicmpometsth oroltte
e
ce
ce
nc
68.(C)
power of d-orbitals of central metal ion
en
en
will be its splitting

ie
aKer the ligand strength, lower

Weak
of central metal
ion.
ci
ci
ofd-orbitals
Sc
SoT has lowest splitting power

rS
rS
69.(A) satisty primary as well as

as
CoCl3.3NH3, three chloride ions behaves as
in precprarca. 1neretore conmpound
ee
ee
ee
to Werner's theory,
Ad
COrding will be
no Cl
ry valency. Therefore,
ar
ar
ar
ha
Cutral non-conductive molecu
C
valency and can be precipitated

70.(B)
sphere satisty primary three CI. atoms are in ionizati
ionization precipitated, all
Which are present inmoles of AgCl are
spher O3. Since three
sphere.
negatively charged.
1.B) complex will be
ce
ce
ce
charged,
Since counter ion positively
)is
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Questions
246) MHT-CET Exam
ar
ar
ar
72. (D)
C
Copper chloride = CuCl tit
O.S. of Cu= +1 an clement is the primary valence.

According to Werner's theory oxidation number of
e
e
73. (C)
nc
nc
nc
HOOC-CH CH,-COOH
-CoOH
-N
ie
ie
ie
HOOC-CH,"*-CH,
N-CH,-CH, -N
Sc
Sc
Sc
HOOC-CH, CH,-CoOH
Ethylenediamminetetraacetic acid
r
r
ee
ee
ee
CEDTA)
ar
ar
ar
Number of nitrogen atoms= 2
C
C
Number of-CO0groups = 4
74. (D)
H-N
e
e
nc
nc
nc
H
ie
ie
ie
Monodentate igand
Sc
Sc
Sc
75. (D)
r
r
ICr(NH)1ONO3)
ee
ee
ee
Charge of NH =0, (.
Charge of NO=-1
ar
ar
ar
76. D)
C
C
Since, counter ion is negatively charged (CI) & NHj is neutral, the complex is positively chargod.
77.(A)
Octahedral complexes are formed with coordination number 6, MA7v
The coordination of Pt in [Pt{NH3)2Cl] is 4.
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
ie
.
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
Central Motal lon n Y:1s

ee
ee
ee
1/9
ar
ar
ar
C
Ligands
Octahedral Geometry
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ncieCoordination Compounds (247)
ar
ar
ar
78. (D)
Potassium ferrate is K2Fe04, the oxidation state
C
of Fe is +6.
K-o
OR
0
e
e
O O-K
nc
nc
nc
Structure of potassium ferrate
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
79.(C)
[Co(NH).Clk]Cl =[Co(NH,),CL,l +CI
r
r
Since only one Ci is in the ionization sphere only one mole of AgCl precipitated
ee
ee
ee
AgNO3. with excess of
ar
ar
ar
80. (D)
C
C
[Cr(HO)]Cl3 and [Cr(H,0)sCjCh.H2O
4) (I)
In the above structure (1) and (11)
number of water molecule in and outside
dSphere are different so it is an example the coordination
of hydrate isomerism. 2 Dicitn
e
e
81.(A)
nc
nc
nc
Formetion of [NICI
ie
ie
ie
I is an example
oxidation state.
of sp° hybridisation and has tetrahedral
geometry. Nickel is in +2 A8
Sc
Sc
Sc
Orbltals of N* ion
r
r
ee
ee
ee
3d 48
As Cr is a weak ligand, 2 unpaired
electrons in NI remain undisturbed.
ar
ar
ar
One 4s and three
4
C
C
orbltals undergoing sp
hybridisation orbitals of N*
3d 4p
[NICL high spin complex
Fuu tittut|tutu
Sp hybrid orbitals
e
ce
ce
For pairs of electrons from

Each Cr ion donates a pair of electrons.. The 4C
nc
compound is paramagnetio
en
en
contains two unpaired electrons. since it

ie
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Structure of [NICL
C
82. (B)
Oxidation state of Co is given by - [Co(NH,)4C1,J' Ci
0. S. of Co =1-[(O. S. of 4 x NHa) +(0.S. of 2 x CI)]
1-[0-2]=1+2+3
Name is »Tetramninedichlorocobalt()chloride
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
(248) MHT-CET Exam:Questions
ar
ar
ar
C
C
83.(B)
[Co(NH)sNO:]Clh and [Co(NH:):ONOJCh
[
NO2 ligand is bonded
In structure () ligand NO2 is linked through 'N' whereas in structure (I),
through 0' atom, so it represents the linkage isomer.
e
e
nc
nc
nc
84. (A)
ie
ie
ie
It is bidentate ligand.
Sc
Sc
Sc
HO OH
r
r
ee
ee
ee
2i
ar
ar
ar
H,C-C-C-CH,
C
C
dimethyl glyoximato
85. (B)
1snibThese show entirely different properties from their constituent ions.
voda si
Since double salt is when dissolved in water; it dissociates into its constituent ions whereas
e
e
nc
nc
nc
coordination compounds do not.
A
ie
ie
ie
86. (A)
Sc
Sc
Sc
EAN= Z-X+ Y
r
r
29-2+(2 x4)
ee
ee
ee
= 27+8 35
ar
ar
ar
C
C
-
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
ie
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
[-
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
10. Halogen
Derivatives
C
ImportantFormulae
and Shortcut Methods
Halogen derivatives
are
the organic compounds obtained
Avdrocarbonsby halogen atoms. by replacing one or more H atoms of
e
e
nc
nc
nc
According
rding to the number of alogen atoms
they are classifled as
ie
ie
ie
derivatives
Monohalogen e.g. R-X CaHsBr
Sc
Sc
Sc
Dihalogen derivatives . CaHCl
r
r
Trihalogen derivatives CHCl, CH
ee
ee
ee
Tetrahalogen derivative CCl4
ar
ar
ar
are classified as
C
C
Monohalogen derivatives
.Alkyl halides (may be primary, secondary, tertiary)

Allylic halides Benzylic halide Vinylic halides
Haloalkyne Aryl halides
e
e
Preparation of alkyl halides:
nc
nc
nc
1. From alkenes:
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
- Sc
C = C + HX C
C
E 3 0 rt0eiy
r
r
ee
ee
ee
H X
pooAlkene esnatq et Alkyl halide
ar
ar
ar
Markownikoff's Rule in Unsymmetrical alkenes)
C
C
of HX takes place according to
(Addition
7167070v3Ri i roTe1-137SG
Kharasch (peroxide) effect T
CH-CH=CH+HBr- Peroxide
e
ce
ce
2. From alcohols:
nc
en
en
3R-OH+PCl33R-CI+HaP
ie
27tdesfro s
ci
ci
R-CI+POCI3 +HCI r/e0 t a:T

Sc
-OH+PCI
rS
rS
R-OH +SOCl R-Cl+HCI1+5+S02 T

ee
ee
ee
Thionyl
ar
ar
ar
chloride
R-OH +HCI anhydrousR-CI+H20

C
ZnCl2
-Br+H,0
R-OH+HBr NaBr/H,SO4R
R-OH+
ce
ce
ce
Nal 3 .
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
3. Halogen exchange: G nogoisH
C
i. Finkelstein reaction
R-X + Nal - acetone R-I +NaX
Alkyl halide Alkyl iodide
(Where, R-XR-C1, R - Br)
e
e
ii. Swartz reaction Alkyl fluorides are prepared by heating alkyl chorides or bromides
nc
nc
nc
with metal fluorides such as AgF, HgaF2, AsF3, SbF3, etc.
R-Cl+AgF R-F+AgCI
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
Preparation of haloarenes (Electrophilic substitution)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
X
Xdark onitt+
ar
ar
ar
Fe/
C
C
Optical Activity
Plane polarized light:

e
e
A monochromatic light when passed through a Nicol prism, the transmitted light has
nc
nc
nc
vibrations only in one plane giving a plane polarized light,
ie
ie
ie
Optical activity:
Sc
Sc
Sc
The phenomenon of rotating a plane of a plane polarized light by. an optically active
substance is optical activity.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Dextro-rotatory and laevorotatory substances
7 irotsG o
ar
ar
ar
The optically active substance which rotates the plane of a plane polarized light on right
C
C
hand side is dextro-rotatory and denoted by d or (t) and the substance which rotates on left
hand side is laevorotatory and denoted by I or (
Asymmetric carbon atom:

A carbon atom attached to four different groups is an asymmetric carbon atom and optically
e
ce
ce
active substance must have an asymmetric carbon atom.

nc
2-Chlorobutane or lactic acid

en
en
ie
Optical isomerism:
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
The optical active substances having same molecular formula but difforent optical activity
are optical isomers or enantiomers.
ee
ee
ee
eg. dandIlactic acids.

ar
ar
ar
Racemic form:
C
A mixture containing equimolar amount of two optical isomers is a racemic mixture due to
external compensation, denoted by (d) or (t).
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Reactions of Haloalkanes ailu Halogen Derlvatlves (251).
C
, Nucleophilic Substitution
reactions of alkyl halldes
Rengent Substitutfon product

1. R-X :t NaOH(ag)-A;
(or KOH) R-OH + NaX
e
e
(olcohol) (or KX)
2. R-X NaOR
nc
nc
nc
(sodium alkoxido) R-0-R+
(ether)
NaX
ie
ie
ie
3. R-X R--8Ag R-E-OR
Sc
Sc
Sc
(silver carboxylato) + Agx
(ester)
4. R-X NH (alo.)pron R-NH,
r
r
HX
ee
ee
ee
(Oxcess)
(prlmary amiano)
.R-Xx KCN (alc.)-A R-CN +RX

ar
ar
ar
Cnltriloallyl cyanide)
AgCN (alo.)-At
C
C
6. R-X+ R-NaC +AgX
isocyanid)
7. R-X + ko-N=O R -0-N=0 +KX
(potasstunm nitrite) (alkyl nitrite)
R-X Ag 0-N=0
R-- +AgX
e
e
(stlvernitrite)
nc
nc
nc
(nitroalkane)
ie
ie
ie
SN2 Reaction:
Sc
Sc
Sc
Alkaline hydrolysis of CH,Br is a Nucleophilic Substitution (SN) reaction.
r
r
CHBr+OH->CH,OH+Br"
ee
ee
ee
This is a bimolecular second order reaction. For this rate determining step, by rate law,
ar
ar
ar
R-K[CH3Br] x [OH|
C
C
Hence it is represented as Sy2.
This involves back side attack of a nucleophile on carbon atom forming a transition state
which decomposes giving CH,OH with 100% inversion.
L g 3 iio
SN2Mechanism ia) 1
e
ce
ce
nc
Rate o [Reactant] [Nu]

en
en
Second order reaction

ie
ci
ci
Sc
Therate of hydrolysis of alkyl halides by SN2 path is CHX> 1°> 2°>3°

rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
0
HO --Br HO-C+:Br
ar
ar
ar
HO H
C
H
Transition state Walden Inversion
Sn1 Reaction:
Nucleophilic Substitution (SN) reaction.
Alkaline hydrolysis of (CH:);C-Br is a
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
It takes place in two steps.
Step I
slow
(CH3),C-Br (CH), C* +Br ii) doilhsiitoeda tdeesi
Step II (CH), Ct +OH (CH3), C-OH
step. Hence the
Since the first step of heterolytic fission is slow, it is a rate determining
e
e
reaction is unimolecular and first order reaction.
nc
nc
nc
The product molecules of (CH3)3C - OH are formed by inversion.as well as retaining the
ie
ie
ie
original structure giving 50% inversion and forming a racemic mixture.
Sc
Sc
Sc
Snl Mechanism
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Rate oc [R,CX]
ar
ar
ar
First order Reaction
C
C
Therate of hydrolysis ofalkyl halides by Sl path is Allyl, Benzyl> 3°> 2°> 1°> CH4X
Me Me
Me-c-Br Me-C +B . (1)
e
e
Me Me
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
Me Me
Sc
Sc
Me-c®OHastMe--OH (11)) Sc
Me Mer5ii
r
r
ee
ee
ee
2. Elimination reaction: Dehydrohalogenation
ar
ar
ar
C
C
alc. KOH
+ KX + H,O
A
H X
Alkyl halide
e
ce
ce
This reaction is called ß- elimination or 1, 2-- elimination. (Elimination

nc
to Saytzeff rule) takes place according

en
en
ie
ci
ci
3. Reaction with active metals

Sc
T
rS
rS
i. Reaction with magnesium

ee
ee
ee
R-X + Mgyene
R- Mg -X
ar
ar
ar
Alkyl halide
Allkyl magnesium halide
C
(Grignard Teagent)
ii. Wurtz reaction
2R-X +2Nay cneR-R+2NaX

Alkyl halide
Allkane
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Halogen Derivatives (253)
ar
ar
ar
Reaction f Haloarenes: ND
C
, Reactions of haloarenes with metals:
a Wurtz- Fittig reaction

e
e
-X + 2Na + X-Rdyether
-R+2NaX
nc
nc
nc
oAlkylhalide
Aryl halide
ie
ie
ie
(Substituted
Sc
Sc
Sc
aromatic
compound)
b. Fittig reaction
r
r
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
-X+ 2Na dry etherT +2NaX
2
C
C
Aryl halide Biphenyl
2. Nucleophilicsubstitution of haloarenes:
e
e
The presence of electron withdrawing group at ortho and/or para position
greaty increases
nc
nc
nc
the reactivity of haloarenes towards substitution of halogen atom.
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
QH
Sc
r
r
iNoOH 433
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
NO, NO
C
C
p-nitrophenol)
P-itrochlorobenzene)
. C NO,
OH
NO,-
o.403 K
403
agNaco,
e
ce
ce
(ijHo
nc
*
en
en
NO
ie
NO,
ci
ci
Sc
0 (24-dinitrophenol) hA
(24-dinitrochlorobenzene)
rS
rS
: HO
OH
ee
ee
ee
ii. CI NO,
NO NO, NO
ar
ar
ar
Waia, t loneqo)i
C
HO
(24,6-trinitrophenol)
(2.4,6-trinitrochloroben
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
3. Electrophilic Substitution in Haloarenes:
C
Reactions of Chlorobenzene:
Cl
FeC
*
e
e
1,2-dichlorobenzeno
nc
nc
nc
1,4-dichlorobenzëno
ie
ie
ie
C
NO
Sc
Sc
Sc
24NOconc. H,S0
conc.
r
r
]-chloro-2-nitrw
NO
ee
ee
ee
benzene I-chloro-4-nito
benzene
ar
ar
ar
CI
C
C
SOgH
conc. HSO
2-chloswbe1xene
suphonic acid SOH
4-chlorobenzene31E5P 7312 29is i:
Sulphonic acid
e
e
nc
nc
nc
CH
CHC
ie
ie
ie
anhyd AJC
Sc
Sc
1-Chlorotoluene CHy
4 -Chlorotoluene
Sc
r
r
CI
ee
ee
ee
COCH,
CHCOC1
ar
ar
ar
.
anhyd Aic
2-chloroacetophenone
D L
C
C
COCH
4chloraaceKophenorne

e
ce
ce
MHT-CET 2004
nc
en
en
1. Best method of preparing alkyl chloride is

ie
(A)ROH+SOCh 49UIaith (B)ROH+PCl

ci
ci
Sc
Anhy ZnClz
(C)ROH+PCl D) ROH+ HCIAnbyZa
rS
rS
MHT-CET 2005
ee
ee
ee
2. 2-propanol + NaBr RefluxX. What is XX7

ar
ar
ar
(A)2-Bromopropane (B) Propane Propene (D)Propanone

C
3. C-Cl bond is stronger than C- I bond, because

(A)C-Cl bond is more ionic than C-I (B)C-Cl bond is polar covalent bond
C)C-Clbond is more covalent than C-I D)C-Cl bond length is longer than C-I
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
MHT-CET 2006 Halogen Derlvatlves (255)
ar
ar
ar
Chlorobutane on reaction with alcoholic 993-1
C
4. potash gives
(A)but-1-ene (B) butan-1-ol
(C) but-2-ene
(D)butan-2-0
MHT-CET 2008
77T
Which of the following compounds is not chiral?
(A)1-chloro-2-methylpentane
e
e
(B)2-chloropentane
nc
nc
nc
(C)1-chloropentane
(D)3chloro-2-methylpentane
MHT-CET2010
ie
ie
ie
11
Ethanolic KOH gives
Sc
Sc
Sc
6.
(A)dehalogenation reactions (B) dehydrogenation reactions
C) dehydrohalogenation reactions
r
r
(D)substitution reactions
ee
ee
ee
MHT-CET 2014
ar
ar
ar
7. X' is an opticaly active alkane having lowest molecular mass, predict the structure
of the
C
C
major product obtained on monochlorination of XX'.
CH ettCH
(A) CHCHCH CH-CH (B) CH-H-CH-HÇH-CH
e
e
CH
nc
nc
nc
()CH-CH-CH-CH-CH-CHh-C e73-TH1
ie
ie
ie
CH
Sc
Sc
Sc
(D) C-CHh-CHaCHh-CHCHC or
r
r
ee
ee
ee
8. Identify the compound D' in the following series of reactions.
ar
ar
ar
CH
C
C
CH3-CH-CHCH,-Brralc.KOH
A-OConc. H,S04 B'+ Minor
C
(ü)H20,A Major
product product
B' D
e
ce
ce
-H20 (Major product) (Minor product)

nc
CH
en
en
GH
ie
CH--CH-CH
ci
ci
(B)
Sc
(A) CH-H-ÇHCH%
rS
rS
,
ee
ee
ee
CHs
CH
ar
ar
ar
(D)CHa-CH2-CHCH
CH-CH-CHh--I
C
CH the formation of a
, which among the following compounds leads to
Alkaline hydrolysis of
racemate? (B) 1-chloro-3-methylbutane
(A)1-bromo-1-phenylethane (D)1-chloropropane
ce
ce
ce
(C)Bromoethane
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
MHT-CET 2015
C
prismn?
10. What is the chemical composition of Nicol's iit, (D)NazAIF6 udif)
(A)Al,03 (B) CaSO (C) CaCOD
200574131
MHT-CET 2016
atoms in a compound, the possible number
11.If 'n' represents total number of asymmetric carbon nber
e
e
of optical isomers of the compound is () (D)2n+2
t
nc
nc
nc
(A)2n (B)n owid (C)2"
12. The compound which is NOT formed when a mixture of n-butyl bromide and ethyl bromide
ie
ie
ie
treated with sodium metal in presence of dry ether is
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A)Butane (B) Octane (C) Hexane i)a(P)Ethaneoi, (h
1ttsb,
r
r
MHT-CET 2017
ee
ee
ee
13. The conversion of ethyl bromide to ethyl iodide using sodium iodide and dry acetone, this
ar
ar
ar
reaction is known asc eltosia:n Jeoveei
(B) Finkelstein reaction,de,
C
C
(A)Swarts reaction oi 3ia1a
(C) Sandmeyer reaction D) Stephen reaction
MHT CET 2018
14. With which halogen the reactions of alkanes are explosive?
(A)Fhuorine (B) Chlorine (C) Bromine P)lodine
e
e
nc
nc
nc
MHT-CET 2019
ie
ie
ie
15. Which among the following compounds in crystalline form is used for making Nicol's prism?
(A) CaSO4 B) Al,Os (C) NazAlFs (D) CaCO3
Sc
Sc
Sc
16. Which reaction is useful in exchange of halogen in alkyl chloride by iodide?
r
r
(A)Reimer-Tiemann reaction (B) Williamson synthesis
ee
ee
ee
(C) Finkelstein reaction udi* 2
9 D) Wurtz reactionif8ETI 110 0:
tnebi.8
ar
ar
ar
17. The correct order of boiling points of alkyl halides is
C
C
(A)RI>RBr> RF> RCI B)RI> RCI>RBr>RF 733
(C)RF>RBr> RCI>RI (D)RI> RBr> RCI> RF
18. The compound which shows highest reactivity towards nucleophilic displacement reaction is
CI C
ON NO unh
e
ce
ce
NO, NO,
nc
(A) (B) (C) (D

en
en
ie
ci
ci
NO,
Sc
rS
rS
NO
19. Nicol's prism is made of
ee
ee
ee
(A)CaSO4 (B) CaSiOO3 (C)CaCO3 (D)Cas(PO4)

20. An alkyl halide having molecular formula o
ar
ar
ar
C4H,Br
ether gives 2,5-dimethylhexane. The alkyl halide is
on'reaction with Na metal in presene
C
,
(A) sec-butyl bromide
(B) iso-butyl bromide
(C)n-butyl bromide (D) tert-butyl bromide
riolyi/ i
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
eaction in which 2 molecules Halogen Derivatlves (257)
21. The
ar
ar
ar
of chlorobenzene react
dy ether forming diphenyl is an example of acts with metallic sodium in presence of
C
(A)Rosenmund reaction
C) Wurtz reaction (B) Balz-Schicmann reaction
(D)Fittig reaction
MHT-CET 2020 ,
e
e
22. Which the following compounds is obtained
of th
nc
nc
nc
when t-butyl bromide is treate
ated with alcoholic
ammonia?
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
cH3
(A) GH-CH2-NH2
,)(B) )1 CH3-C=CH2
-
r
r
Br A HO)
ee
ee
ee
CH H (
ar
ar
ar
CH ,
CH--CHa
C
C
(C) D) CH,-CH,lol ori ui ' tobi
NH NHBr
23. Calcite crystals used in Nicol's prism are formed of

(A)CaC2 B) CaClh (C)CaCO3 (D)Cao
e
e
are obtained on bromination of following
nc
nc
nc
24. How many isomers of monobromoderivaties
compound?
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(A)2 (B)5 irstinC)3aaiqi e9e(D)46tÍTofHD
derivätives for the alkyl halide having molecular formula
ar
ar
ar
25. The number of possible monohalogen
C
C
CaHX is
(C)1 rRiD)2
(A)3 B)4cklea
40. Which one of the following
compounds is optically active?
TE (B)3-Chloropentane
2 4)2-Chloropropanei d TOV (D)2-Chloropentane
e
ce
ce
(C)2-Chloro-2 methylbutane
nc
of3-bromopropene?
is molecular formula
en
en
What (C)CaHBr (D)CH,Br

ie
(A)CH,Br (B) CcHBr

ci
ci
A
Sc
of allyl chloride? (D)CaHsCl

rS
rS
28. What is
molecular formula (C)CHC
(A)CH,CI (B) CHsC
ee
ee
ee
bromide is 2-bromo-2-methylpropane
29. The
IUPAC name of isobutyl fn(B)
ar
ar
ar
A)2-bromo-1-methylpropane (D)2-methyl-1-bromopropane
C
(1-bromo-2-methylpropane InondeS re prepared by heating alkyl brom,ide

alky1
reaction in which
ntify the name of (B) Swarts
reaction
with metallic fluorides
(D) Sandmeyer reaction
(A) Wurtz reaction
ce
ce
ce
(C) Finkelstein reaction

en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
31. Identify Z in the following series of reactions
HBr KCN
CH-CH, -CH,-IKOH(aleo,)X
C
peroxide Z
alcoholZ
A
(A) CH-CH2-CH2-CN (B) CHJ-CH=CH2

(C) CH3-CH2-CH2-Br (D) CH-ÇH-CH,
CN
e
e
nc
nc
nc
32. Identify 'A' in the following reaction: CH,OH + HCI C,H,Cl + H,0
ie
ie
ie
(A) NaNO2 (B) pyridine (C) conc. HSO4 (D) anhydrous ZnClh
Sc
Sc
Sc
33. Identify the neohexyl chloride from the following:
(A) (CH)C-CH-CH-Cl (B) (CH3)2CH-CH-CH2-CH-C1
r
r
(C) CH-(CH:)-CH2-CI D) (CH,),C-CH-CH,
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
34. Identify 'B' in the following series of reactions
C
C
NaBr
EthanolHSO.dADyetherB
(A) Ethyl magnesium bromide (B) Ethene
(C) Sodium ethoxide (D)Ethylbromide
35. Which among the following is used as refrigerants and for air conditioning?
e(A) Dichloromethane t7 (B)Trichloromethane
e
e
(C) Dichloro difluoro methane
nc
nc
nc
(D) Carbon tetrachloride
36. Which among the following methods is NOT suitable for the preparation
ie
ie
ie
of alkyl chlorides?
(A) Addition of HCl to alkene
Sc
Sc
(B) Treating alcohols with Lucas reagent

Sc
(C) Chlorination of alkanes in presence of sunlight
r
r
P) By heating alcohols with thionyl chloride
ee
ee
ee
37. The reaction 2R-CI+CoF2
ar
ar
ar
(A) Wurtz-fittig reaction
2R-F+CoCh is an example of
(B) Finkelstein reaction
C
C
(C) Sandmeyer's reaction
yiiaisqsP) Swarts reaction
2
38. Which of the following pairs of aryl halides can NOT .2

be prepared directly by electrophilic
substitutión? tustosia3-5(
(A)Aryl bromide and aryl iodide B) Aryl chloride and aryl bromidep
(C)Aryl fuoride and aryl chloride (D)Aryl iodide and aryl fluoride
e
ce
ce
nc
39. What is correct order of C-X bond strength

in CH3x- X?
en
en
(A) CHI> CH,Br>CH,CI>

ie
CHF (B) CH,CI> CH,Br>CH,I>CH,F

ci
ci
C) CHF > CH,Br> CH,Cl> CH4,I

Sc
D) CH,F> CH,CI> CH,Br> CH3

rS
rS
40. The common name of 1-Chloro-2,

2-dimethylpropane is
(A)isopentyl chloride
ee
ee
ee
(C) isopropyl chloride tti, 8)n-pentyl chloride

(D)neo-pentyl chloride
ar
ar
ar

compound is NOT optically
C
(A)3-Chloro-2-methylpentane active?
(C)2-Chloropentane (B)2-Chloro-3-methylpentane
D)3-Chloropentane
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Identify "A in the following action. Halogen Derlvatives (259)
ar
ar
ar
42.
Pyridine (alco)
C
A+SOC- reflux propane nitrile
A
(A)Ethanol (B)Propan-1-ol
(C)1-Chloropropane (D)Propane
IUPAC name of isobutyl chloride is
43.
(A)2-chloro--2-methylpropane
nt
e
e
(B)2-chlorobutane
nc
nc
nc
(C)1-chloro--methylpropane (D)2-chloropropane
ie
ie
ie
44. which
among the following is NOT obtained
when bromobenzene treated with bromoethane
and sodium in presence of dry ether?
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A)Diphenyl (B)n-butane (C)Toluene D)Ethylbenzene
r
r
45,IdentifyB in the following reaction
ee
ee
ee
CH BAIBr A BE eT r
ar
ar
ar
i ts 411nrayat
C
C
(A)CHCOOC,Hs B) CHCOoCH (C)CH,C00C,Hs (D)C;H,COOCH
46. Which of the following is least reactive towards SN' reactions?
(A)CH-CH(Br)- CH,G sduB) CH,-CH-Br
() CH-Br 3D) (CH3),C-Br
e
e
among the following has highest boiling point?
ibi.
nc
nc
nc
47. Which
(B)n-butyl bromide H
(A)tert-butyl bromide
ie
ie
ie
Cisobutyl bromide D) sec-butyl bromide BT É
Sc
Sc
3, 4-dichloropentan-2-ol is
Sc
48. The number of optical isomers possible for Sixteen D)Two
(C)
(B) Four
r
r
(A)Eight
ee
ee
ee
49. How many chlorine atoms
are present in a molecule of DDT?. .
(C)4
ar
ar
ar
(A)3 (B)5
ammonia?
reactivity of alkyl halide with
C
C
U. laentify the correct decreasing
order of
(B)R-I>R-CI>R-Br
(A)R-CI>R-Br>R-I (D)R-I>R-Br>R-CI
(9R-Br>R-Cl>R-IciCi6
an example of freons?
S1. Which
of the ollowing is NOT (B)Chloro difluoromethane
difluoromethane
e
ce
ce
(A)Diphenyl uizechy(P)Dichloro,
nc
fluoromethane
Ichloro
en
en
Br
ie
HC belongs to fo-1
ci
ci
Sc
52. The
rganic compound
rS
rS
(D) allylic halide

aryl halide
(C) anyl baiids
(B)vinylichalide
ee
ee
ee
sulphonation of chlorobenzene
chlorobenzene with concentrated
v
(A) benzylic halide
53.What is the major product obtained in the

ar
ar
ar
pro
1 3-Chlorobenzene sulphonic acid
C
sulphuric acid? (B)

acid sulphonio acid
A) 4-Chlorobenzenesulphonic acid (D) Benzene3-dichloro-4-meth
sulphonic methylpentane is Ta
orobenzen present in 2, One
54. Thenm carbon atoms Two (C) h8(D)
ber of asymmetricThree (
4Four
(A) Four (B)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
sym-trichlorobenzene?
55. What is IUPAC name of
C
(B) 1, 2,4- trichlorobenzene
(A) 1,3, 4-trichlorobenzene
trichlorobenzeneles diy (D) 1,3, trichlorobenzene
5- E+
(C) 1,2, 3-
56. Which among the following reactions is
an cxample of Wurtz Fittig reaction?
in prescnce of anhydrous AICIs to for
orm
(A) Chlorobenzene reacts with acetylchloridc
4-chloroacetophenone.
e
e
benzenediazonium chloride.
(B) Aniline reacts with NaNO/HCI to form
nc
nc
nc
conc.H2S04 to form 1-chloro-4-nitrobenzene
(C) Chlorobenzene reacts with conc.HNO3 and
(D) Bromobenzene reacts with methylbromide in presence of
sodium and dry ether formino
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
T
e1 toluene.
57. Identify the compound that gives 2,5-dimethylhexane by reacting with sodium metal
in presence
r
r
of dry ether.
ee
ee
ee
(A) n-butyl bromide (B) isobutyl bromide (C) tert-butyl bromide (D) sec-butyl bromide
ar
ar
ar
58. How many asymmetric carbon atoms are present in a molecule if it has 16 optical isomers?
B) 5 (C) 2 D) 4
C
C
(A)3 00-ND(a)
59. What is the relative rate of SN° reaction for (CH3)3
(A) 0.0008 (B) 37 (C) 2.0
D! ai gnivoi odoid
60. What is bond length of C-Cl bond in chlorobenzene?
(A) 1.42 ÅA B)1.77 Å 0(C)0.96 A D)1.70 A
e
e
61. Identify the product of following reactioni!igfi keeti:r
i ailii
nc
nc
nc
CH-Br+C,H,COOAg 3ti 2th t *
1
ie
ie
ie
(A) Ethyl ethanoate B) Ethyl propionate
(C) Methyl propionate
r
Sc
Sc
D) Methyl ethanoate Sc
62. Identify product B in the following reaction.
r
r
Bromoethane KCNl) A B
ee
ee
ee
(A) Acetamide. (B) Acetic acid (C) Propionic acid (D)Propionamide
ar
ar
ar
63. Identify the major product B' in following reaction
C
C
Propene HC
(A)Propan-2-ol
C)Propan-1-ol
- A Aq.KOH.
HG(B)2-Chloropropane
(D)1-Chloropropane
64.Identify A in the following reaction,
e
ce
ce
A KCN(alcoholic)
Propane nitrile + Potassium bromide
nc
A os1 croidoi t3
en
en
(A) 2-Bromopropane
(B)1-Bromopropane
ie
(C) Propan-2-o1 123

4391
ci
ci
(D) Bromoethane
Sc
ioqn ai
65. The boiling points of different alkyl
rS
rS
halides having same alkyl

(A)R-CI>R-I>R- F>R Br group decrease in the order
(B) R-Br>
(C)R-F>R-CI>R-Br>R-I R- CI>R-1>R F.
ee
ee
ee
hur
66. What is UPAC name

(D) R-I>R-Br> R- Cl> R-F
ar
ar
ar
of neopentyl chloride?
(A)1-Chloro-2,2-dimethylpropane
C
(C)1-Chloro-3-methylbutane (B)3-Chloro-2,2-dimethylpropane(
(D)1-Chloropentane
compounds has highest
(A)CH3-F 1 C-X bond strength?
(B)CH-CI
(C)CH-Br
D)CHy-I
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Halogen Derlvatives (261)
z8. Tdentify correct order of reactivity of alkyl halide
with ammonia.
C
(A)R-I>R-Br> R-C (B) R-I>R-Cl> R-Br
(C)R-Cl>R-Br> R-H (D)R-Br>R-Cl> R-I
69. How many asymmetric carbon atoms are present in neopentyl
(A)Zero chloride?
(B) Three C)Two (D)One
70. Which of the following is an optically inactive compound?
e
e
(A) 2-Bromo-3-methylbutane
nc
nc
nc
(B) 2, 2-dichlorobutane
(C) 2-Hydroxypropanoic acid
(D) Butan-2-ol
ie
ie
ie
71. Which of the following is NOT formed when a equimolar
Sc
Sc
Sc
bromobenzene is treated with sodium metal in mixture of bromomethane and
dry ether?
(A) Ethane (B) Ethylbenzene Diphenyl (D) Methylbenzene
r
r
ee
ee
ee
72. What is molecular formula of allyl
bromide?
(A)CHBr (B)CaHBr (C)CaHBr
ar
ar
ar
(D)CHBr
73. Alkyl chloride when treated with
sodium iodide in presence of dry acetone forms alkyl
C
C
What is the name of this reaction? iodide.
(A) Wurtz - Fittig reaction
asCSwartsreaction
(B)Finkelstein reaction
D)Wurtz reaction
E
74. Identify A and B respectively in the following conversion. e
22i
e
e
Ethene A Bromoethane Bthyl propionate
.
nc
nc
nc
A
r
(A)HBr, CaH,ONa
ie
ie
ie
(C)HBr, CaH,COOAg (B)Br/AlBr, CaHsCOOAg
Sc
Sc
*75. Which among

4)--R-- D)Br/AlBr3, CaHsONa Sc
the following compounds is used as foaming agents
plastic? in preparation of foamed
r
r
ee
ee
ee
oA) Carbon tetrachloride. o
(C) Dichloromethane igid
sr e B) Chloroform
tcuD) Freonst szcat5- DnE Go

ar
ar
ar
biie
76. Identify major product °B' in föllowing

reaction.
C
C
HB H-
But-1-ene- Peroxide AAgNB
A
(A) isobutyl cyanide i

(B) n-butyl isocyanide
C)n- butyl cyanide
e
ce
ce
D)sec. butyl isocyanide

i
nc

alkyl halides is optically active?
en
en
(A)sec. butyl iodide

ie
(B) isobutyl chloride

(C)n butyl bromide
ci
ci
Sc
D) tert. butyl bromide

rS
rS
78. Identify B' in the following

reaction.
ee
ee
ee
2-Bromobutane A B
ar
ar
ar
(A) But-1-ene (B) 2-Iodobutane (C) 1-Iodobutane D) Butan-2-ol

C
79. Identify compound A

in the following series of reactions.
v
A NaO2 B BACN n-butylisocyanide
A) But-2-ene (B) Butan2-ol (C) But-1-ene (D) Butanal
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
SOLUTIONS
C
1. (A) remow
Finding the reaction from given choices in which product are gaseous & hence, easy to Ove.
R OH +SOCl2 RCI+SO2 T+HC11
are
sO and HCl gaseous by-products and can be removed easily to get pure alkyl chloride
. It is best method for preparation of alkyl chloride.
e
e
nc
nc
nc
2. (A)
Nucleophilic substitution reaction takes place, when alcohol reacts with NaBr under reflux.
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
QH Br D
conc
H-CH3
CH-CH-CHNaBrand A H,S4CH-CH-CH3
r
r
s
ee
ee
ee
2-propanol 2-bramopropane
ar
ar
ar
3. (A)
C
C
(i) C-CI bond length is shorter than C-I bond length because chlorine atom is smaller in size as
compared to iodine atom.
(i) C-CI bond is more ionic than C-I bond because of greater difference in electronegativities
of C and Cl as compared to that of carbon and iodine. ooy 97 H
e
e
(ii)More ionic character of bond, more will be its strength.
is stronger than C-I bond because C-Clbond is more ionic than C-I
nc
nc
nc
C-Clbond
ie
ie
ie
4. (A)
Sc
Sc
HC-CH,-CH2-CH, -CI CH -CH2-CH=CH+ Sc KCI +H,O

r
r
5. (C)
ee
ee
ee
To be optically active, compound or structure should possess a chiral orásymmetric carbon
atom and C-atom posses from different groups are called chiral-carbon.
ar
ar
ar
CI H H H H H CI H H:H
*idai
C
C
TOILE
VEti t
H-c-C-Cc-C-H; H-C-Cc-c--H
HH H H H
1-Chloropentane
HHH HH
2-Chloropentane
n 37 H CH3 Cl HH
e
ce
ce
CI CH H H H
nc
H- c-c-c-HH-C-C-c-c-C-H iotst zerora

en
en
ie
ci
ci
Sc
H H HH H H H H H H
rS
rS
1-Chloro-2-methylpentane 3-Chloro-2-methylpentane
(C' asymmetric C-atom)
ee
ee
ee
Hence, 1-Chloropentane is not chiral.

ar
ar
ar
6. (C)
C
is 3
Ethanolic KOH removes hydrogen and halogen atoms from
a haloalkane, thus
dehydrohalogenating reagent and gives the same type of reactions.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
53iteBu
ar
ar
ar
7. (A)
C
3-methylhexane is an optically active
alkane having lowest molecular
mass.
CH-CH2-CH2-C-CH,-CH3
H
CHCH-CH-¢-CH2-CH
e
e
8. (B)
nc
nc
nc
H3 ÇHa
ie
ie
ie
CH-CH-CH2- CH2 -Br
Sc
Sc
Sc
O
A CH -H-CH =CH2 +H,O
(A)
+ KBr
r
r
ee
ee
ee
CH3
CH OH CH
ar
ar
ar
CH-H-CH=CH, o
O4CH2-H-CH-CH,+CH3-H-CH2-CH2-OH
C
C
ii) H20,A
i rMajor(B) i s1 Es; Minor(C)
CH OH CH3
CH 1
CH-CH-CH-CH3
CH ¢ -CH2-CH + CH3-CH-CH-CH
e
e
nc
nc
nc
Major (D) Minor (E)
ie
ie
ie
9. (A)
Sc
Sc
Alkaline
Sc
RX+KOH hydrolysis
ROH+ KX
r
r
ee
ee
ee
OH
a) CH-ÇH-Br+KOH
ar
ar
ar
CH-C-H+KBr f9 T 2i to: ta
C
C
1-bromo-1-phenyl ethane 1-phenyl ethanol
H
Due to the production of compound having chiral carbon,
this hydrolysis will lead
formation of a racemate. to the
e
ce
ce
H0
nc
CH-CH-CH,-CH,Cl + KOH
CH-CH-CH,-CH,OH+KCI
en
en
ie
CH CH3
ci
ci
Sc
1-chloro-3-methyl butane 3-methyl butanol

rS
rS
o
ee
ee
ee
(c) CH CH,Br + KOH CH,CH OH+KBr

Bromo ethane
Ethanol
ar
ar
ar
(c) CH CH,CH,CI+KOH CH,CH,CH,OH+KCI

C
1-chloro propane
Propanol
Since, products of (b), () & (d) do not have
any chiral carbon atom, so these cannot
racemate. form a
10. (C)
Nicol's prism is made up of calcite crystal (CaCOs).
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
11.(C) given by 2 where 'n
The possible number of optical isomers of the compound is renre.
represents
C
total number of asymmetric carbon atoms in a compound.
12. (D)
Mixture of n-butyl bromide and ethyl bromide gives butane, octane and hexane. It does not for
orm
ethane.
e
e
2 CHCHCH,CH,Br +2Nay EiherCHCH,CH2CH2CH,CH2CHCH +2NaBr
nc
nc
nc
Octane
2 CH CHBr +2NaD sther CHCH2CH,CH, +2NaBr

ie
ie
ie
Butane
Sc
Sc
Sc
CH,CH CH,CHBr + CHCHBr+2NaDy EtnerCH,CH2CH2CH,CH2CH +2NaBr
r
r
Hexane
ee
ee
ee
13. (B)
ar
ar
ar
)-
14. (A)
C
C
Reaction of alkane with fluorine is exothermic process.
15. D)
Nicol prism is made up of calcite (CaCOs).
16. (C)
Halogen exchange specifically with iodide takes place in Finkelstein reaction
e
e
nc
nc
nc
17.(D)
As molecular mass increases, boiling point increases.
ie
ie
ie
Correct order of boiling point among alkyl halide is R-I > R-Br> R-Cl>R-F.
Sc
Sc
Sc
18. (A) 19. (C) 20.(B) 21. (D)
r
r
22. B)
ee
ee
ee
In presence of alcoholic ammonia, t-butyl bromide undergoes elimination (no substitution) to
ar
ar
ar
give isobutylene.
CH CH
C
C
CH,-C-CH, + NH, > CH,-C=CH, +NH,Br
(alc.) isobutylene
Br
t- butyl bromide
e
ce
ce
23. (C)
nc
en
en
24.(D)
ie
Br
ci
ci
Sc
CH,--CH, -CH,
rS
rS
)Br-CH, -CH-CH,-CH, (i)

ee
ee
ee
CH3 CH
1-Bromo 2- methylbutane J,
ar
ar
ar
t2- Bromo 2- methylbutane

te
C
ii) CH-CH-CH-CH, iv)CH-CH-CH,-CH,-Br1?

CH, Br
CH
2- Bromo -3-methylbutane 1
Bromo - 3- methylbutane
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
e
C
25. (B)
Monohalogen derivatives for CaH9X are
i. CH-CH2- CH2-CH2-X ii. CH,-CH, -CH-CH,
e
e
X
nc
nc
nc
CH
ie
ie
ie
ii. CH,--X iv. CH-CH-CH
Sc
Sc
Sc
CH CH-X
r
r
ee
ee
ee
26. (D)
ar
ar
ar
C
C
(A) CH,-CCH, (B) CH -
CH, -C-CH -CH
H H
2-Chloropropane 3 -Chloropentane
e
e
R
nc
nc
nc
Cl
Cl
ie
ie
ie
D) CH,-C-CH,CH,-CH,
Sc
Sc
CH--CH,-CH
Sc
CH
r
r
2-Chloropentane
ee
ee
ee
2- Chloro -2-methyl butane M (chiral carbon)
ar
ar
ar
27.(D)
C
C
,
7 1
HC=CH-CH,-Br
3-Bromopropene (CH,Br)
e
ce
ce
28. (D)
nc
CH = CH-CH -CI
en
en
ie
Allyl chloride (C3H,CI)

ci
ci
,
Sc
rS
rS
29. (C)
-
CH,-CH-CH, Br
ee
ee
ee
CH
ar
ar
ar
1-Bromo 2- methylpropane
C
30. (B)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
31. (A)
-CH, -I-
C
CH,-CH, CH, -CH=CH, + KI+ H,O
A
(X)
Peroxide HBr
e
e
nc
nc
nc
KCN
CH,-CH- CH, -CN- -CH,-CH, -CH,-Br
ie
ie
ie
alcohol
(Z) (Y)
Sc
Sc
Sc
A
32. (D)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
33. (A)
CH
ar
ar
ar
C
C
CH,-C-CH,-CH,-Cl
CH
neohexyl chloride
34.(A)
e
e
CH-CH -OH- NaBr
nc
nc
nc
H,SO,,A CH, -CH, -Br + HO
ie
ie
ie
Ethanol Bromoethane
Sc
Sc
(A)
Sc
r
r
19 Mg Drv ether
ee
ee
ee
Oi rei
ar
ar
ar
CH,-CH, -Mg-Br
C
C
Ethyl magnesium bromide
(B)
35. (C)
Dichloro difluoro methane (CF2Clh)
conditioning.
-
(Freon-12)> used as refrigerants and for a
e
ce
ce
nc
36. (C)
en
en
Chlorination of alkanes
iltie
ie
polychloroalkanes which
in presence of sunlight gives
a complex mixture
ci
ci
is difficult to separate. of mono- di- a nd

Sc
rS
rS
37.(D)
38. D)
ee
ee
ee
Because aromatic electrophilic

reactive. substitution with
ar
ar
ar
iodine is reversible and with fluorine is nigighly

39.(D)
C
The size of halogen

the size, greater atom increases from
is the bond length F to I, which
Hence the order and weaker is the increases the C - X bond lengtn. Larger
of C-X bond bond formed.
strength in CH3X
is, CHF> CH,CI>
CH,Br> CH,
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
isHalogen Derivatives (267)
40. (D)
C
CH
CH,-C-CH, -CI
CH
e
e
neo-pentyl chloride
nc
nc
nc
(1-Chloro-2,2-dimethylpropane)
ie
ie
ie
41.(D)
Sc
Sc
Sc
CI
CH,-CH,-C-CH,-CH,
r
r
ee
ee
ee
H
ar
ar
ar
3-Chloropentane
C
C
As it does not contain chiral carbon atom, it is optically inactive.
42.(A)
CH,-CHOH +SOCl, Pyridine CH, -CH-Cl+HCIT +So,1

reflux
Ethanol Chloroethane
e
e
TC
nc
nc
nc
A KCN (aco)
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
CH,-CH,-CN +KCl
Sc
19+ 19 } Propane nitrile ief, 21327.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
43. (C)
CH-CH-CH, -Ci
ar
ar
ar
C
C
CH
Isobutyl chloride
IUPAC name> 1-Chloro-2-methylpropane
44. (C)
e
ce
ce
-Dryether
nc
Br+2Na +BrCH,CH CH,CH,+ 2NaBr

en
en
ie
*********** **
BromouenzenE Ftys bromide Bthyfbener*
ci
ci
Sc
Diphenyl and n-butane are self-coupling products.

rS
rS
9nut)
45. (A)
ee
ee
ee
C.H B C.H,Br CH,COOAg CH.COOC,H,

+AgBr
CHAIB
ar
ar
ar
A 19
3Ethyl Acetate
C
Ethane Ethyl bromide

(A) (B)
46. (C)
is
Order of reactivity in alkyl halides towards SN' reaction
Tertiary > Secondary> Primary
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
47. (B)
For isomeric haloalkanes, the boiling point decreases with branching.
C
48. (A)
QH CI C H
H C H
e
e
H
nc
nc
nc
H H
3,4-dichloropentan -2-ol
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
Number of chiral carbon atoms (n) = 3
Optical isomers possible are 2"=2 = 8
r
r
ee
ee
ee
49. B)
ar
ar
ar
C
C
FO- w.w
r
e
e
DDT
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
50. (D)
Sc
Sc
As the C X bond length increases, the C

-
Sc
X bond strength of alkyl halide decreases.
Therefore, R-I reacts at faster rate with NH3 and
R-Cl at slower rate.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
51. (A)
ar
ar
ar
Freons are chlorofluoro compounds of methane
and ethane.
C
C
52. (C)
HC Br
is an aryl halide.
e
ce
ce
53. (A)
nc
en
en
CI
ie
CI
ci
ci
Sc
+H,SO,A SO.H
rS
rS
(fluming)
ee
ee
ee
Chlorobenzene
1-Chlorobenzene A
ar
ar
ar
SO,H
Sulphonic acid
C
(minor product) 4-Chlorobenzene

Sulphonic acid
major product)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
54.(C)
C
H,C-CH-ÇH-CH-CH,
C CH
2,3-dichloro-4-methyl pentane
e
e
There are two asymmetric carbon atoms.
nc
nc
nc
yo) gnl b
55. D)
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
r
r
ee
ee
ee
CI Cl
ar
ar
ar
1,3,5-trichlorobenzeneis symmetrical.
C
C
56. (D)
Wurtz-Fittig reaction:
ÇH
+CH,Br + 2Na dry ether

e
e
Br +NaBr
nc
nc
nc
5Toulene
ie
ie
ie
Bromo benzene
Sc
Sc
Sc
57.(B)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
HC-CH-CH-Br+2Na + Br-CH,-CH-CH,
CH
ar
ar
ar
CH
dry ether
C
C
H,C-CH-CH,-CH, -ÇH-CH,
CH CH
e
ce
ce
2,5- dimethylhexane
nc
en
en
It follows Wurtz reaction.

ie
58.D)
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
If the number of chiral/asymmetric carbon atoms are 4,

then the number of optical isomers = 2" = 2"= 16 (n=4)
rite tht
ee
ee
ee
59. (A)
ar
ar
ar
C
3 alkyl halides undergo Snl reaction.

The relative rate of SN2 reaction for (CH3)3C- Br = 0.0008
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
60.(D)
C
--R*)-9H
The C- Cl bond in benzene has partially
double bond nature due to resonance forms
e
e
nc
nc
nc
So the C-Cl bond length in Chlorobenzene is 1:70 A.i 1iotn;et T n edT
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
61. (C)
CH,-Br+C,H,COOAg CH,co0CH,+AgBr
r
r
Methyi propanonte
ee
ee
ee
62. (C)
ar
ar
ar
C,H,Br.KCCH, CN0C,H,COOH
C
C
(A)
(A)- Propane nitrile
(B)- Propionic acid.
63. (A)
H,C-CH=CH, HC HC-CH-CH OH,C-CH-CH,

e
e
Aq. KOH
nc
nc
nc
Propene
OH
ie
ie
ie
2-Chloropropane Propan201
Sc
Sc
'A
Sc B'
of202
r
r
64. (D)
ee
ee
ee
CH,CH,Br A
CH,CH,CN+ KBr
Propane nitrile Potassium 1,HH3,
ar
ar
ar
Bromoethane
bromidee
C
C
65. (D) TE
Within alkyl halides having same alkyl group, the boiling point increases
mass of halogen because magnitude of van der Waals force
with increasing atomc
increases with increase in size and
mass of halogen.
R-I>R-Br>R-Cl>R-F
e
ce
ce
66. (A)
nc
en
en
ÇH
ie
H..2
ci
ci
H,C-C-CH,
Sc
-CI
rS
rS
CH
ee
ee
ee
67.(A)
ar
ar
ar
Since size of F atom is small

and it is more electronegative,
C
it has strong attraction witn arbon.

Strength of C X bond decreases
H3C-F>CH3-Cl>H3C
as follows: 29 a
Br> H3C I -
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
68. (A)
ar
ar
ar
Decreasing order of strength of C -
X bond is
C
C-CI C-Br > C-I
bond bond bond
(More reactive
alkyl halide)
e
e
69.(A)
nc
nc
nc
CH
ie
ie
ie
HC-C-CH,-CI
Sc
Sc
Sc
CH,
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Neopentyl Chloride
131933-f
ar
ar
ar
Asymmetric carbon atoms= Zero.
C
C
70.(B)
C
HC-C-CH,CH,
.
CI
e
e
2,2- dichlorobutane
nc
nc
nc
Since it has no chiral carbon atom it optically
is inactive.
ie
ie
ie
71.B)
Sc
Sc
Sc
CH,-Br 42Na+Br
O)
r
r
www.mianw
ee
ee
ee
elier
ar
ar
ar
CH-CHI+ +H,C-
C
C
Ethane Diphenyi Methyl benzene
-
(Cross Coupling)
Self-Coupling Products
e
ce
ce
nc
72. (C)
en
en
ie
Allyl 'C
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
HC CH-CH,
i
ee
ee
ee
Br
Allyl bromide
ar
ar
ar
73. (B)
C
Dry acetoneR-14+
R-Cl+Nal or Methanol
NaCl
Alkyl Alkyl
Chloride lodide
This reaction is known as Finkelstein reaction.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
74. (C)
C
H,C=CH, HBTH.c-CH,--Br CH,COOAgC,H,C-OCH,CH, +AgBr
Ethene Ethylpropionat
Bromoethane
e
e
75. (D)
nc
nc
nc
Freons are used as foaming agents in preparation of foamed plastic.
ie
ie
ie
76. (B)
Sc
Sc
Sc
CH-CH2-CH=CH,
But-1-ene
CH3 -CH2 CH2 -CH2 -Br
1-Bromobutane
r
r
ee
ee
ee
CH A
-CH2-CH-CH-NNC
n-butyl isocyanide
ar
ar
ar
:
77.(A)
C
C
HC-C-CH,CH,
Since secondary butyl iodide has one chiral C' atom, it is optically active.
e
e
nc
nc
nc
78. (B)
ie
ie
ie
H,C-H-CH,CH,HH,C-CH=CH-CH,
KOH H,C-CH-CH,-CH,
Sc
Sc
Br But-2-ene
Sc
A
r
r
2-Bromobutane 2-Iodobutane
ee
ee
ee
79. (C)
ar
ar
ar
C
C
HBr
HBrH,C-CH,-CH,
H,C=CH-CH, -CH, -CH,
Na,O Br
But-1-ene
Br
[A] - Bromobutane
1
e
ce
ce
B
.
nc
en
en
ie
AgCN,A
ci
ci
H,C-CH,CH,CH, NC
Sc
-
rS
rS
n- butylisocyanide
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
11. Alcohols,
ar
ar
ar
Phenols and Ethers
C
ImportantFormulae
and Shortcut Methods
eahols
Alcoh Alcohols are organic
compounds whose molecules
attached to a sanurated carbon atom. contain hydroxyl group (on)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
OH
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
Phenols: These are aromatic hydroxyl
attached to the benzene ring.
compounds in which hydroxyl group
(- OH) is directly
r
r
For example,
ee
ee
ee
OH
ar
ar
ar
C
C
Phenol
Ethers
e
e
Ethers are organic compounds having
-0 linkage where two alkyl or
nc
nc
nc
two aryl
ie
ie
ie
or one alkyl and one aryl groups are linked through oxygen.
Sc
Sc
Sc
Preparation of alcohols:
r
r
1. Hydroboration Oxidation of alkenes
ee
ee
ee
--BH), THE
ar
ar
ar
3HO-OH
2|-c-tt NaOH -OH+2B(OH),
C
C
Alkene Trialkyl borane Primary alcohol
2. By reduction of aldehydes and ketones

On reduction, aldehyde gives primary alcohol while ketone gives
secondary alcohol.
e
ce
ce
ENi or Pd
nc
R-CHO R-CH, -OH

en
en
G) LATH,
ie
i)HO 1alcohol
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
O H/Ni or Pd
R- R-
0LIAIH,
R-CH-OH
ee
ee
ee
R
2 aloohol
ar
ar
ar
3. By reduction of carboxylic acids

C
R-C-OH i.ii.LiAIH,
H,O
R-CH, -OH
Carboxylic acid Primary alcohol
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
LiAIH4 is as an expensive reagent. Therefore, commercially acids are first transformed into
C
esters which.on catalytic hydrogenation give primary alcohols.
R-COOH+R'OH R-COOR+H,0
RCOOR+2H2- NiRdR-CH-OH+R'-OH
e
e
nc
nc
nc
4. From Grignard reagents
H
ie
ie
ie
H-=0R-MgXH-C-0-Mg-X R-CH,OH+ HO-Mg-X
Sc
Sc
Sc
Dry ether H0 pri-alcoholo
R
hr T
r
r
ee
ee
ee
H
R-COM R-C-0-Mg- X R--0H+ HO -Mg-X
ar
ar
ar
aldehyde Dry ether
R R
C
C
sec-alcohol
R R
R-=0
ketone Dryether
Rc-0-Mg-xCR-¢-OH+HO
H20
-Mg-x
R
tert-alcohol,
e
e
nc
nc
nc
Preparation of Phenols
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
Chlorebenxene
R ONa :vi?E 10Ei
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(Dows
process NaOH. 1S0 atm
S73-623 K
ar
ar
ar
Sodiun pheroxide Phcno
C
C
NaOH
Na
co.s Fusion
Nao
Sodlum benzenE
e
ce
ce
zlpbonle acdd sulpbonnte

nc
CH HC CH
en
en
OH
o-0-H
ie
$23
ci
ci
Co apathsakte
Sc
Propene calya 429K

rS
rS
CIumco Cumene Phenot

hydroperedo
ee
ee
ee
NH2 NaC QH
ar
ar
ar
'ehl
+NaNO,+2HCI
+H0 +N1+HC
C
-H,O
Benzn
dlazontom ehlorlde
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Alcohols, Phenols & Ethers (275)
ar
ar
ar
Chemical properties of Alcohols
and Phenols:
2ias a tozzo
C
C
1d ai 3
I.Laboratory tests of alcohols and

phenolsist woyoyet isie
iCharacteristic test for phenols: 73
Phenol reacts with neutral ferric
chloride solution to give deep (purple/violet/green)
ni colouration offerric phenoxide
e
e
3Ar-OH+ FeCl >(Ar-0)3 -Fe+3HCI
nc
nc
nc
(Neutral) (Deep Colour)
ie
ie
ie
i. Distinguishing test for alcohols eicoot seiiehi/G
Sc
Sc
Sc
(Lucas test)
Primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols
can be distinguished from each other in the
laboratory using Lucas reagent (conc. HCI
r
r
and ZnClh). The reaction involved is:
ee
ee
ee
R-OH
R-Cl
2
ar
ar
ar
Alcohols are soluble in Lucas reagent but
the product alkyl chloride is not. Hence, the
C
C
clear solution becomes turbid when product
starts forming. Tertiary alcohol reacts fast
and the reagent turns turbid instantaneously. Secondary
alcohols turn the reagent turbid
slowly. Primary alcohols turn the reagent túrbid on
only heating.
IL Reactions due to breaking of

O-Hbond
e
e
Esterification
nc
nc
nc
Esterification of alcohol or phenol is carried out in the presence
of concentrated sulphuric
ie
ie
ie
acid. The reaction is reversible and can be shifted in the forward
direction by removing
Sc
Sc
water as soon as it is formed. Sc

r
r
R-OH+Hot-R R-O--R+ HO
ee
ee
ee
(olcohol) (acid) ester
ar
ar
ar
Ar-OH + HO-C-R Ar-O--R' +H,O
C
C
(phenol) (acid) (ester)
Alcohols and phenols react with acid anhydrides in presence of acid catalyst
to form ester.
R-OH+R-00-RR--OR+R-CooH
e
ce
ce
nc
(aloobol) anhydride) (ester) (acid)

en
en
ie
OH-R0E-R
ci
ci
Ar-0-C-R+R-CcoOH
Sc
rS
rS
phenol) (anbydide) (cster) (aoid)

ee
ee
ee
The reaction of alcohol and phenols with acid chlorlde is carried out in
the presence of
Pyridine (base), which neutralizes HCI
ar
ar
ar
C
R-OH+CI-C-R2yidine R-C-OR+HC
(alcohol) (acid ohloride)
(cster)
Ar-OH+C-C-R: P-R-C-0-Ar + HCI

(phenol) (aoid chloride) (ester)
ce
ce
ce
2din
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
IIL.Reactions due to breaking of C-O bond in alcohols
C
i. Reaction with hydrogen halides
Thereactivity is HCl< HBr < HI and 1° alcohol< 2° alcohol < 3° alcohol
R-OH+HX R-X+H,0
HCI reacts only in presence of anhydrous ZnCl2. No catalyst is required in the case of
e
e
HBr and HI.
nc
nc
nc
ii. Oxidation of alcohols
ie
ie
ie
1.
R-CH-R'- R-G-R' pie1
Sc
Sc
Sc
OH
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Ketone
(2 alcohol)
ar
ar
ar
2. R-CH, -OH (0) R-CHO
C
C
(1 alcohol) (Aldehyde) ti
3. n presence of common oxidizing agent
R-CH, -OHKMn0,KONO[R-CHO]
(O) R--OH
e
e
1 alcohol) Aldehyde Carboxylic
nc
nc
nc
Acid
ie
ie
ie
Tertiary alcohols are diífficult to oxidise. On oxidation with strong oxidising agents at
Sc
Sc
Sc
high temperature tertiary alcohol undergoes breaking of C-C bonds and gives a
mixture of carboxylic acids containing less number of carbon atoms than the starting
r
r
3 alcohol.
ee
ee
ee
4. Heating with Cu
ar
ar
ar
When vapours of various types of alcohols are passed over hot copper the following
reactions are observed.
C
C
CuiS7
R-CH-OH R-CHO
(1alcohol) (aldchydc)
R-CH-R'US73K R-C-R
Oxidation
OH
e
ce
ce
nc
(2 alcohol) (ketone)
en
en
ie
Cu/573K
HC-COH)-CH, ymtioH,C-=CH,
ci
ci
CH
Sc
CH
rS
rS
(3 aleohol) (colkene)
ee
ee
ee
IV.Reactions of Phenol:
ar
ar
ar
QH OH
BT
C
Br
+3Br H0
1.
O +3HBr
Br
ce
ce
ce
2,4,6-tribromo phenol
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
QH OH OH
Br
2 O +2Br273K
O + +2HBr
e
e
Br
nc
nc
nc
o-bromophenol
ie
ie
ie
p-bromophenol
Sc
Sc
Sc
QH QH
r
r
ee
ee
ee
SOH
+H,SO conc. 293 K
O +H,O
ar
ar
ar
3. )
C
C
QH
+H,SO4 conc. 373 K

i) OJ +H,O
e
e
nc
nc
nc
SO H 3
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
QH OH Sc QH
NO
r
r
+2HNO, dil.
O +2H,O
ee
ee
ee
4.
ar
ar
ar
o NO2-
C
C
QH QH
NO
conc.
+3HNO, conc. HSO4 3 H4,O
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
NO,
ie
picric acid
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
6. Reimer-Tiemann reaction
ee
ee
ee
QH ONa ONa QH
ar
ar
ar
CHC
CHCL NoOH CHO CHO
ag, NoOH
C
(Phenol) Intemediato (Salioyaldelhyde)

ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
(278) MHT-CET Exam Questionss
ar
ar
ar
7. Kolbe reaction:
C
ONa 9H
OH
co, COONa
COOH
(Sodhun (Sodiun
salioylate) (Salicylie acid)
Phenoxidc)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
8. Oxidation of Phenol
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
OH NaCrOVHL,SO,
(Phenol) (p-Benzoquiuone)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
9. Catalytic Hydrogenation of Phenol
ar
ar
ar
QH OH
C
C
433
(Phenol) (Cyclohexanol)
10. Reduction of Phenol

e
e
OH
nc
nc
nc
+Zn + ZnO
ie
ie
ie
Phenol) (Beazene)
Sc
Sc
Sc
Preparation of Ethers:
r
r
ee
ee
ee
1. Dehydration of Alcohols
ar
ar
ar
2R-OHOn204R-0-R+HO
C
C
Alcohol 413K
Ether
2. Williamson Synthesis
R-X+Na -0-R R-O-R+ Na-X
a1 alkyl halide)
R-X +Na-0- Ar R-0-Ar + Na-X
e
ce
ce
nc
(Note:Aryl halides do not give Williamson's synthesis.)

en
en
Chemical Properties of Ethers

ie
ci
ci
Sc
1. Reaction involving alkyl group

rS
rS
of ether
Formation of Peroxide
Ethers combine with atmospheric
ee
ee
ee
oxygen to form peroxide

0-OH
ar
ar
ar
CH CH-0-CH, +0, LogCH

CHO-CH
C
(diethyl ethe) peroxide of

(oxygen
dicthyl cthor)
All ethers which have
been exposed to the atmosphere
undesirable reaction. Peroxides contain peroxide. This
temperature. are hazardous because
they decompose violently a oh
**
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
2. Reaction involving C-O bond
i. Reaction with hot dil.H2SO, (Hydrolysis)
R-0-R+H-0-H 9-1t6
2R-OH
e
e
nc
nc
nc
R-0-R'+H-0-H R-OH +R'-OH
ie
ie
ie
Ar-0-R +H-0-H Ar-OH+R -0OH
Sc
Sc
Sc
ii. Reaction with PCls
r
r
ee
ee
ee
R-0-R'+PCl3 >R-CI+R'-Cl+POCl
ar
ar
ar
ii. Reaction with hot concentrated acid :
C
C
a. R-0-R+ HX R- X+R-OH
R-OH+HX R-X+H,O
b. In alkyl aryl ethers.
e
e
nc
nc
nc
CH OH
ie
ie
ie
+HI 398K +CH
Sc
Sc
Sc
(Anisole) (Phenol) (Methyl iodide)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
3. Electrophilic substitution in aromatic ethers
ar
ar
ar
OCH QCH
C
C
Br2 Br 7-TRI
Acctic ac.
Br
OCH
e
ce
ce
CHCUCS2 CH
nc
Anhryd. A1C13
KI
en
en
oCH,
OCH3
ie
CH
ci
ci
Sc
OCH QCHy
rS
rS
Anisole COCH3
CHCOCL
ee
ee
ee
Anhyd. A1Ch
coCHs
ar
ar
ar
QCH OCHs
C
conc. HNO3 r NO
coDc. H2904
NO2 1
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
MHT-CET 2004
at least four carbon atoms upon drastic oxidation yield carboxuli
1. Tertiary alcohols (3°) having
acid with
e
e
(B) two carbon atoms less
(A)one carbon atom less
nc
nc
nc
(C) three carbon atoms less
(D)all of these
ie
ie
ie
MHT-CET 2005
Sc
Sc
Sc
2. 2,4,6-trinitrophenol is (D)all of these
(A)tear gas (B)picric acid (C) chloropicrin
r
r
ee
ee
ee
3. Which of the following compound is optically active?
(B) Isopropyl alcohol (C) Acetaldehyde (D)2-Butanol
ar
ar
ar
(A)1-Butanol
C
C
MHT-CET 2007
4. Phenols are more acidic than alcohols because
(A)phenoxide ion is stabilised by resonance
(B)phenols are more soluble in polar solvents
(C)phenoxide ion do not exhibit resonance
e
e
(D)alcohols do not lose H atoms at all
nc
nc
nc
MHT-CET 2008
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
5. The IUPAC name of H,C-CH-C,H7 isia2

Sc
OC.H
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(A)4-Propoxy pentane (B) Pentyl propyl ether iigetae
(C)2-Propoxy pentane D)2-Pentoxy propane
ar
ar
ar
MHT-CET 2009
C
C
6. Which alcohol of molecular formula CaH,OH cannot be obtained by the reduction of carbonyl
compound?
(A)2-Methylpropan-1-ol (B) 2-Methylpropan-2-ol
. (Butanol (D)Butan-2-ol
e
ce
ce
Which of the following compounds is optically active?

nc
(A)Butanal (B) Butanol

en
en
C)Butan2-ol
ie
(D)2-Methylpropan-2-ol
ci
ci
Sc
MHT-CET 2010
rS
rS
*8. The correct order of dehydration

of alcohols is
(A)1°>2°>3° (B)3°> 2° >1°
ee
ee
ee
(C)2°> 1°> 3 (D)1°>3°>2°

9.1 mol alcohol reacts with Na to give what
ar
ar
ar
(A)1 g weight of hydrogen?

(6)2 g (C)3 g (D)3.5 g
C
MHT-CET 2011
10. Phenol gives characteristic
colouration with
(A) iodine solution
(C)aqueous FeClh solution (B) bromine water
(D) ammonium hydroxide
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
MHT-CET 2012
C
11. Which of the following dissolves in ionic
solvents?
(A)CsH6 (B) CH30H
(C)CCl (D)CHI2
12. The nature of 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol is
(A)neutral1 B) basic (C) acidic (D)weak basic
e
e
MHT-CET 2015
nc
nc
nc
13. What is the possible number of monohydroxy derivatives
ie
ie
ie
of a hydrocarbon consisting of five
carbon atoms with one methyl group as a branch?
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A)2 (B)3 (C)4 D)5
r
r
14. Which of the following compounds has highest boiling point?
ee
ee
ee
(A)Propan-1-ol (B)n-Butane
. (C)Chloroethane (D)Propanal
ar
ar
ar
MHT-CET 2016
C
C
15. Name the catalyst used in commercial method of preparation of phenol
(A) Silica (B) Calcium phosphate
(C) Anhydrous aluminium chloride (D) Cobalt naphthenate
16. Which among the following phenolic compounds is most acidic in nature?
e
e
(A) p-aminophenol (B) phenol (C)m-nitrophenol (D) p-nitrophenol
nc
nc
nc
MHT-CET 2017
ie
ie
ie
*17. What is the quantity of hydrogen gas liberated when 46 g sodium reacts with excess ethanol?
Sc
Sc
(Given At. mass of Na = 23)

Sc
(A) 2.4x 10 kg (B) 2.0 x 10 kg (C)4.0x 10 kg D)2.4x 10 kg
r
r
ee
ee
ee
18. tert-butyl methyl ether on treatment with hydrogen iodide in cold gives
(A) tert-butyl iodide and methyl iodide B) tert-butyl alcohol and methyl alcohol
ar
ar
ar
(C) tert-butyl alcohol and methyl iodide (D) tert-butyl iodide and methyl alcohol
C
C
19. Which of the following compounds has lowest boiling point?
(A)n-butyl alcohol B)isobutyl alcohol (C) tert-butyl alcohol (D) sec-butyl alcohol
MHT-CET 2018
immediately with Lucas reagent?
20. Which of the following compounds reacts
e
ce
ce
(B) CH3CH;CH,OH
(A)CHCH2OH
nc
CH
en
en
ie
(C) CH-CH-CH3 (D) CH-Ç-CH

ci
ci
Sc
OH
rS
rS
OH
21. Phenol in presence of sodium hydroxide reacts
with chloroform to form salicylaldehyde. The
ee
ee
ee
reaction is known as
(B) Reimer-Tiemann reaction
(A) Kolbe's reaction
ar
ar
ar
(D)Etard reaction
(C) Stephen reaction
C
MHT-CET 2019
22. Action of hydrogen iodide on anisole gives (B) lodobenzene and methanol
(A)Phenol and iodomehane
(D) lodobenzene and iodomethane
(C) Phenol and methanol
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
23. How many metameric ethers are represented by the molecular formula CaH1o0?
C
(A)5 (B)3 (C)2 (D)4
*24. Propene when treated with cold conc. H2S04 forms a compound which on hcating
with water
gives
(A)propan-1-ol (B)butan -1-ol (C)propan-2-ol (D) ethanol
25. Isobutylene on hydroboration followed by oxidation with hydrogen peroxide in presence
e
e
of base
nc
nc
nc
yields
(A)n-butyl alcohol (B) tert-butyl alcohol (C)sce-butyl alcohol (D)isobutyl alcohol
ie
ie
ie
26. Carbolic acid is oxidised by acidified sodium dichromate to give
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A) Ethyl methyl ketone (B) Anthraquinone
(C) Benzoquinone (D) Acctone
r
r
ee
ee
ee
27. The conversion of 2- methylpropan-1-ol to 2- methylpropan-2-6l is
(A)rearrangement reaction (B) substitution reaction
ar
ar
ar
(C) addition reaction (D) elimination reaction
C
C
28. Anisole when treated with cold and concentrated hydroiodic acid gives
(A)Iodobenzene and methanol (B)Iodobenzene and iodomethane
(C)Phenol and methanol D)Phenol and iodomethane
29. Which of the following compounds is dihydric phenol?
(A)m-Cresol (B) Pyrogallol (C)Phloroglucinol (D) Resorcinol
e
e
nc
nc
nc
30. Which of the following compounds does not have a carboxyl group?
(A) Picric acid (6) Malic acid (C) Acrylic acid D) Glutaric acid
ie
ie
ie
31.TUPAC name of Catechol is
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A) Benzene-1, 3-diol (B)4 Methyl phenol
(C)4-Hydroxy benzaldehyde (D) Benzene - 1,2-diol
r
r
ee
ee
ee
32. In a given reaction, 1-Chloro-2-nmethylpropaneoP_BQai;ONa_R.
ar
ar
ar
alco
The compound R is
C
C
(A) (CH)C= CH2 (B) (CH;)%C-OC,Hs
(C)(CHs);CH-CH-OCH D) (CH;)%C-CHa-COoOH
33. Which of the following alcohols is least acidic?

(A) Butan-1-ol (B) 2-Methylbutan-2-ol
e
ce
ce
C) 3-Methylbutan-1-ol D) 3-Methylbutan-2-ol
nc
en
en
ie
34. The IUPAC name of neopentyl alcohol is

ci
ci
(A)2-Methylpropan-1-ol (B)Butan2-ol
Sc
rS
rS
(C)2,2-Dimethylpropan-1-ol D)2-Methylpropan-2-ol
ee
ee
ee
MHT-CET 2020
35. When carbolic acid is heated with concentrated nitric acid in presence of concentrated sulphuro
ar
ar
ar
acid it forms
C
(A)benzoic acid (B) phthalic acid

(Cbenzene sulphonic acid (D)picric acid
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Identify "Z in the following series of reaction:
C
6.
Butan-2-ol X- Y )H,s04_z
ii) H-OH/heat
(A)2-Chlorobutane (B)Butan-1-o1 (C) Butan-2-0 (D) But-2-ene
37. Methoxy ethane on reaction with hot concentrated HI gives
e
e
(A)methanol and ethanol (B) iodomethane and iodoethane
nc
nc
nc
(Cmethanol and íodoethane (D)iodomethane and ethanol
ie
ie
ie
38. How many hydroxyl groups are present in hydroxyquinol?
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A) (B)2 (C)3 (D)4
39. Identify product "C' in following reaction
r
r
ee
ee
ee
SOtl li}Na
CaH,OH
ar
ar
ar
wwww.w
wmMwwwwoww B C
Pyridine A, Pressure
C
C
(A)Ethanol (B) Ethanoic acid (C)But-2-ene (D)Ethyl ethanoate
40. Which of the following compounds does NOT react with sodium
metal?
(A) CH-0-CH B) CH,OH
(C) CH-CH,-OH (D) CH-COOH
e
e
nc
nc
nc
41. The IUPAC name of CH -CH-0-CH, -CH(CH), is
ie
ie
ie
(A)1-Ethoxy isobutane (B) 3-Ethoxy-2-methylpropane
Sc
Sc
C)1-Ethoxy butane
Sc
D)1-Ethoxy-2-methylpropane
42. Which among the following is a dihydric phenol?7
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(A)p-cresol (B) Pyrogallol (C) Catechol (D)Phloroglucinol
ar
ar
ar
43. What is IUPAC name of 3-chloropropyl ethyl ether?
(A)3-chloro-1-ethoxypropane. (B)1-chloro-3-propoxyethane
C
C
(C)1-chloro-3-ethoxypropane (D)3-chloro-1-propoxyethane
44. Which of the following alcohols is NOT prepared by acid catalyzed hydration of alkenes?
(A)Ethanol (B)2-Methylpropan-2-ol
C)Propan-1-ol (D)Propan-2-ol
e
ce
ce
nc
45. Which among the following is allylic secondary alcohol?

en
en
(A)But-2en-1-ol (B) But-3-en-2-ol

ie
ci
ci
(C)Prop-2-en-1-ol (P)2-Methylbut-3-en-2-ol
Sc
rS
rS
46. A reaction of phenol with chlorofornm in presence of sodium hydroxide to form salicyladehyde is
known as
ee
ee
ee
(A) Stephen reaction (B) Reimer-Tiemann reaction

ar
ar
ar
(C) Friedel craft's reaction (D) Kolbe's reaction

C
47. When phenol reacts with dilute nitric acid at room temperature, the major product obtained is
(A) p-nitrophenol (B) o-nitrophenol
C)2,4,6-trinitrophenol (D) m-nitrophenol
48. When methoxy benzene reacts with HI at room temperature the products formed are
(A) Methanol and Iodobenzene (B) lodomethane and Iodobenzene
ce
ce
ce
(C) Todomethane and Phenol (D) lodomethane and Benzene

en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
49. Which of the following alcohol is more acidic?
C
(A) CH-CH2-OH (B) (CH3)2CH-OH
(C) CH,ODH (D) (CH:):C-OH
50. Which of the following is dihydric phenol?
(A) Resorcinol (B) Phloroglucinol
(C) m-Cresol (D) Pyrogallol
e
e
nc
nc
nc
*51. Identify Z in the following sequence of rcactions.
CH-CH-CH2-OH- PClhX y conc.HS04Z

ie
ie
ie
nlco.KOH
H-OH/heat
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A) CHCH-CH2-OH (B) CH-CH-CH
r
r
OH
ee
ee
ee
C (CH), CH-CH-0H (D) CHCH =CH2
ar
ar
ar
52. Which among the following is an example of allylic alcohol?
C
C
(A) 2-Methylbut-3-en-2-ol (B) 2-Phenylpropane-2-ol
(C) Propane-1,3-diol D) Propane-1,2,3-triol
53. Which of the following is NOT dihydric phenol?
(A) Catechol (B)Hydroquinone (C)Resorcinol (D)a- naphthol
e
e
nc
nc
nc
54. Which of the following compounds. does NOT contain c=o group?
(A)Ester B)Amide C)Ether (D)Acyl halide
ie
ie
ie
55. Number of oxygen atoms present in salicyladehyde are
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A)3 (B)1 C)4 g70(D)2
r
r
56. What is IUPAC name of hydroquinone?
ee
ee
ee
(A)Benzene -1,3, 5-triol (B) Benzene -1,2-diol
ar
ar
ar
(C)Benzene -1,4-diol (D)Benzene-1,2,4-triol
C
C
57. Which of the following benzylic alcohol is tertiary alcohol?
(A)2-phenylpropan-2-o (B) 1-phenylpropan-2-ol
(C)Phenyl methanol (D)1-phenyl ethanol
58. The number of o bonds in carbolic acid are
(A)8 (B) 13 (C)12a
e
ce
ce
D)6
nc
59. Which of the following is reacted with benzaldehyde to obtain 1-phenylethanol?

en
en
(A)CHMgBr
ie
B) CHMgBr C)CHCHMgBr (D)CsHCHMgBr

ci
ci
Sc
60. Which of the following alcohols is least soluble in water?

rS
rS
(A)Pentan-1-o1 (B)2-methylbutan-2-ol
(C)2,2-Dimethylpropan-1-ol (D)Pentan-2-ol
ee
ee
ee
61. Which of the following reactions yields propan-2-ol1?

ar
ar
ar
(A) H-CHO CHMgBr/ether

CH-CH =CH2
C
Hg0 (B) H
C) CH-CH= CH, cold.cono H;804

(i)H20 (D) (D) CH-CO-CH,CHaMgl/ethor
H3O
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Alcohols,
ar
ar
Phenols & Ethers (285)
ar
52. Which of the following reagents is
used to convert phenol to
benzene?
C
(A)Zn (dust) B)KMnOa(acidified)
(C)Na (D)LiAIHa
63. Which products are obtained when methoxy
ethane is heated with HI?
(A) CHOH and C2HsOH
(B)CHsl and CH,OH
(C)CHI and CaH,OH
(D)CHI and CaH;l
e
e
64. Which of the following is NOT a dihydric
phenol?
nc
nc
nc
(A)Catechol (B) Resorcinol (C)Hydroxyquinol (D) Quinol
ie
ie
ie
65. Identify the alcohol that reacts immediately with
Lucas reagent?
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A)2-Methylpropan-2-ol
(B)Butan-2-ol
(C)Propan-2-ol (D)Ethanol
r
r
66. Which of the following is NOT dihydric phenol?
ee
ee
ee
(A) Resorcinol (B) Phloroglucinol (C) Catechol (P) Quinol
ar
ar
ar
67. Identify the product A in the following reaction.
C
C
(CH,), C-OH A
(A) Butanone (B) Butanal (C)2-Methylpropanal (D)2-Methylpropene
68. Which among the following compounds is used to prepare solid fuel using calcium acetate?
(A) Methanal (B) Ethanol
e
e
(C) 2-Metyipropanol D) Methanol
nc
nc
nc
69. Identify the product X in the following reaction.
ie
ie
ie
PhenolNa2C,07_Y
H2SO4
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A) Salicylic acid (C)Benzoic acid
(B) Benzoquinone D) Benzaldehyde
r
r
70.Which of the following Grignard reagents, is used to prepare 2-methylpentan-2-ol from
ee
ee
ee
acetone?
ar
ar
ar
(A) CH-CH2-Mg-I B) CH, CH-Mg-I
C
C
CH
(C) CH-CH2-CH2 Mg-I D) CHs Mg-Ia
71. The reaction stated below is named as

e
ce
ce
QH
nc
QH
en
en
COOH
ie
(1) NaOH
ci
ci
Sc
(2) CO,H
rS
rS
(A) Kolbe's reaction (B) Sandmeyers reaction

ee
ee
ee
(C) Reimer- Tiemann reaction D) Stephen reaction

ar
ar
ar
72. Which following reagent is used to obtain alkene from alcohol?

(A) Na-Hg/ H0 (B) Acidic KMnO4 (C)P-Os (D) LiAIH4
C
73. Which of the following process of preparation of phenol yields valuable by product' acetone?
(A) From isopropyl benzene using air and further acid hydrolysis
(B) From aniline by diazotization
(C) From benzene sulphonic acid by treating with NaOH, H'
D) From chlorobenzene by Rasching process
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
74. Identify the product B in the following conversion?
C
PhenolNaOFACHalB
(A) Iodobenzene (B) Anisole (C) Toluene D) Phenetole
75. Which of the following alcohols has tertiary allylic carbon?
(A)But-3-en-2-ol (B) Prop-2-cn-l-ol
(C) 2-Methylbut-3-cn-2-ol (D)1-Phenyl ethanol
e
e
76. Identify the role of PDC from following
nc
nc
nc
(A)It carries dehydration of alcohols.
ie
ie
ie
(B)It helps to prepare carboxylic acids from alcohols.
(C)It helps to stop oxidation of primary alcohols at aldehydic stage.
Sc
Sc
Sc
(D)It carries hydration of alkenes.
r
r
77. What are the products of the following reaction?
ee
ee
ee
(CH3)C-0-CH3 + HIcold
ar
ar
ar
(CH,),C-I+CH,OH
(A) i (B) (CH,),C-OH+CH,OH
C
C
C) (CH,),C-OH+CH,I (D) (CH,),C-1+CH,I
78. Carbolic acid when reacted with concentrated sulphuric acid at 373 K forms
(A) salicyclic acid (B) 2-hydroxy benzene sulphonic acid
(C) benzoic acid D) 4-hydroxy benzene sulphonic acid
79. Which of the following on oxidation yields ethyl methyl ketone?
e
e
(A) Propan-2-ol )Butan-1-ol OButan-2-ol D)2-Methylpropan-2-ol
nc
nc
nc
80. Which isomer of CaH100 is optically active?
ie
ie
ie
(A) 2-methylpropan-2-ol (B) 2-methylpropan-1-ol
Sc
Sc
() Butan-ol (D)Butan-2-ol Sc
81. Identify product B in following reaction, PhenolNaoH A CH B
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(A)Toluene (B)Anisole C)Phenetole (D)Iodobenzene
82. Which of the following reactions of alcohols involves breaking of O-H bond?
ar
ar
ar
(A)Reaction with Lucas reagent (B)Reaction with acid anhydride
C
C
(C)Reaction with thionyl chloride -
D)Reaction with phosphorus halides

83. Identify the product obtained when phenol is treated with bromine water?
(A)p-bromophenol B)m-bromophenol
()2,4,6-tribromophenol D)o-bromophenol
84. Which of the following is a vinylic alcohol?
e
ce
ce
(A) CH2=CH- CH2 OH (B) CHj-CH = CH- CH- CH2-OH

nc
(C) CH3-CH CH-CH,OH

en
en
D) CH, CH-CH=CH-OH
ie
ci
ci
Sc
CH
rS
rS
85. Common name of ethoxybenzene is

(A) anisole (B)phenetole (C) catechol (D) quinol
ee
ee
ee
86. Which of the following alcohols is

NOT prepared by reduction of carbonyl compounds?
ar
ar
ar
(A)2-methylpentan-2-ol
(B) Pentan-1-ol
(C)3-methylpentan-2-ol
C
(D)Pentan-2-ol
87. What is IUPAC name
of phenetole?
(A)1-phenoxy propane
(C)2-phenoxy propane (B) Methoxy benzene
(D)Ethoxy benzene
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Tdentify the reagent A used in Alcohols, Phenols & Ethers (287)
oR
C
following conversion.
PhenolASBenzoquinone
(A) Na;Cr;07+H,SO
(B) conc. H2SO4
() CHCl + aq. NaOH (D) NaOH, CO
89. Which of the following compounds
is also called
e
e
(A) Benzene-1, 2, 4-triol p-cresol?
nc
nc
nc
(B) Benzene -1, 3-diol
(C)4-Methyl phenol
(D) Benzene -1-4-diol
ie
ie
ie
90. Which of the following conversion explains the acidic nature
Sc
Sc
Sc
of alcohols?
(A) CaH;OH
CH,Cl+ HCI+ POCh
r
r
(B) CaHs-OH
CHs-Br+H,O
ee
ee
ee
(C)C.HOH 95%H,S04CHA+
H0
ar
ar
ar
(D) 2 CaH-OH
C
C
2 CaHs-ONa+ Ha
91. Which among the following is a first oxidation product of butan-2-ol?
(A)Propanoic acid and CO2 (B) Butanal
()Butanoic acid (D)Butan-2-one
92. Which of the following alcohols is NOT having
e
e
C-
sp OH bond?
nc
nc
nc
(A) Phenyl methanol (B) Methylpropan-2-ol
(C)Vinyl alcohol
ie
ie
ie
D)Propan-2-ol
Sc
Sc
93. Identify the productB in following conversion. Sc

Chlorobenzene +H,0 A Cone.H,s0B
r
r
373K B
ee
ee
ee
ressure
(A)Benzene sulphonic acid (B)2-Hydroxybenzene sulphonic acid

ar
ar
ar
(C)3-Hydroxybenzene sulphonic acid (D)4-Hydroxybenzene sulphoníc acid
C
C
94. Which of the following solution is called as Lucas reagent?
(A)Concentrated sulphuric acid with zinc sulphate.
(B) Concentrated carbolic acid with zinc chloride.
(C)Concentrated nitric acid with zinc nitrate.
(D)Concentrated hydrochloric acid with zinc chloride.
e
ce
ce
nc
95. Identify the compound having highest boiling point from following?
en
en
(A)Methoxy ethane (B) Propan-l-ol

ie
(C)Propane (D)Propanal
ci
ci
Sc
96. Identify the product and it's quantity obtained when 9.2 g ethanol
rS
rS
is treated with acidified

potassium dichromate under ideal conditions?
(A)Ethanal, 3.2 8 (B)Ethanoic acid, 3.2g
ee
ee
ee
(C) Ethanoic acid, 12.0 g (D)Ethanal, 4.6 g

ar
ar
ar
97. Identify the products A and B in following reaction.
.
C
Ethylpropanoate-
) LiAlH4_A+B
A+B
Gi) H30"
(A) A = Butanoic acid, B - Methanoic acid (5)A Propanoic acid, B Ethanal

(C)A=Propanal, B = Ethanoic acid (D)A = Propan-l-ol, B= Ethanol
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
is heated at 573 K with copper
98. Identify the product obtained when ethanol
(D)Ethene
C
(A) Ethanoic acid (B) Methanal (C) Ethanal
99. Which of the following compounds is NOT isomeric with ethoxy cthanc?
(A) 2-Methylbutan-2-ol (B) 1-Methoxy propanc
C) 2-Methylpropan-2-ol (D) 2-Mcthoxy propane
100.Which of the following compounds is obtained as valuable byproduct in preparation of pheno
e
e
from cumenc ?
nc
nc
nc
(A) Propan-l-ol (B) Propanal (C) Propanone (D)Propan-2-ol
ie
ie
ie
SOLUTIONS
Sc
Sc
Sc
r
r
1. (B)
ee
ee
ee
3 alcohols are resistant to oxidation; under drastic condition they first form ketone and then
acid by losing one carbon at each step.
ar
ar
ar
Drastic condition
ketone- acid
C
C
3°
(4C) (3C) (2C)
Acid having 2C is formed when 3° alcohol is oxidised under drastic conditions.

2. (B) OH
O,N NO,
e
e
Picric acidis
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
NO,
Sc
Sc
Chemically it is 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol and it is used as an explosive. Sc

3. (D)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
OH
CH,CH-"¢-CH
ar
ar
ar
H
C
C
.
2-Butanol having chiral carbon atom, is optically active.

4. (A)
Phenol is more acidic than alcohol because phenoxide ion is stabilized by resonance.
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
ie
ci
ci
Phenoxide ion
Sc
rS
rS
5. (C)
H
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
O-CH2-CHz-CHs
2-propoxy pentane
C
A
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
(B) Alcohols, Phenols& Ethers (289)
6.
ar
ar
ar
The stru1ctures of possible alcohols having
formula CaH,OH
C
are as follows:
OH
OH i) OH
butanoi OH
butan-2-ol
0
2-methyl propan-1-ol
2-mothyl
propan-2-0o
Among these, 2-methylpropan-2-ol (tertiary
e
e
carbonyl compounds. alcohol) cannot be prepared by the reduction or
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
1. (C)
Sc
Sc
Sc
CH-CH-¢-CH,
r
r
ee
ee
ee
OH
butan-2-ol t.
(Cchiral carbon atom)
ar
ar
ar
So, butan-2-0l is optically active.
C
C
8. (B)
Dehydration of alcohols involves the formation of carbocation intermediates. More the stability
of carbocation, more will be the ease of alcohol towards dehydration.
The order of stability of carbocation is 3°> 2°>1.
. The order of ease of dehydration of alcohols is 3° >2°>1°.
e
e
nc
nc
nc
9. (A)
ie
ie
ie
2R-OH+2Na 2 R-ONa+H2
Sc
Sc
2 mol
1
mol
Sc
1
mol
r
r
1 mol
ee
ee
ee
The weight of mol--1g
ar
ar
ar
C
C
1 mole of alcohol reacts
with Na.
1
g H2 is produced when
hus,
10.(C)
colouration with FeClh solution.
henols give blue or violet
e
ce
ce
nc
11. (B) to
due
soluble .in water CH
en
en
ethanol (CHOH) is molecule and

ie
water
0Tmation of H-bond between 0-H--0-H
ci
ci
Sc
methanol. H-bond
rS
rS
12. (C) in nature.

It is acidio
ee
ee
ee
picric acid.
*-trinitrophenol is
ar
ar
ar
QH
O,N NO
C
LOJ
NO
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
13. (C)
C
CH
CH--CH2-CH CH-CH-CH-CH,OH CH-CH-ÇH-CH43
OH OH
2-Methyl butan-2 ol 3-Methyl butan-1-ol 3-Methyl butan-2-ol
e
e
nc
nc
nc
HOCH -CH-CH -CH
ie
ie
ie
2-Methyl butan-1-o1
Sc
Sc
Sc
14. (A)
Boiling points of the given compounds are
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Propan-1-ol >
Propanal Chloroethane n-Butane
370.4 K 322 K 285.3 K 272.5 K
ar
ar
ar
15. (D)
C
C
Cobalt naphthenate is used as catalyst in commercial production of phenol.
CH--H CH-f-0-0-H
+O, (air) Cobalt naphthenate
e
e
12
423 K/alkaline medium
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
CH-0-0-H
Sc
Sc
OH
Sc
O
r
r
dil H,S04
ee
ee
ee
+CH-C-CH
ar
ar
ar
16. (D)
C
C
The order for acidity in phenols depends upon the electron withdrawing groups position.
p-nitro phenol> m-nitro phenol> phenol.
OH QH QH
e
ce
ce
nc
NO
en
en
NO,
ie
17. (B)
ci
ci
Sc
2Na+2
rS
rS
,H,OH0 2C,H,0°Na" +HT

2x23g 1 mole
1 mole of H2=2 g ofHh=2x 10 kg
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
18. (D)
CH
C
cold
CH-C-0-CH, + HI CH-¢-I +CH,OH
CH CH
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
19. (C)
C
For isomeric alcohols, as branching increases boiling point decreases.
20. (D)
Reactivity of alcohols towards Lucas reagent is 3°>2°>1°.
21. (B)
e
e
QH OH
nc
nc
nc
CHO
i) NaOH
)+CHCl
ie
ie
ie
ci) H*/H20
Sc
Sc
Sc
Reimer -Tiemann reaction
r
r
ee
ee
ee
22. (A)
ar
ar
ar
CH QH
C
C
HI +HI9K
(Anisole)
+CHI
Phenol) (Methyl iodide)
23. (B)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
24.(C)
Sc
Sc
25. (D) Sc
26. (C)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Carbolic acid = Phenol
ar
ar
ar
wwwww
CrO
OH 0A
C
C
or Na,CrOJH,SO,
Phenol) (p-Benzoquinone)
27.(A)
There is no change in molecular formulae, only position of functional group is changed. Such
e
ce
ce
reaction is called rearrangement reaction.

nc
en
en
28. (D) 29. D) 30. (A) 31. (D) 32. (B) 33. (B) 34. (C)
ie
ci
ci
Sc
35. (D)
rS
rS
When phenol is warmed with a mixture of conc. nitric acid and conc. sulphuric acid (a nitrating
mixture or the mixed acid), 2, 4, 6-trinitrophenol, commonly called picric acid, is formed.
ee
ee
ee
OH OH
ar
ar
ar
+3 HONO, nc. H,so4

o,N No
C
nitric acid
+3H0
Phenol
NO
Picrio acid
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
36. (C)
ar
ar
ar
-
3CH, CH, - CH CH, + H,PO,
C
)3CH,-CH,-ÇH-CH, + PCI), -
OH CI
Butan 2-ol 2-Chlorobutane
X)
e
e
(i) 2CH,-CH,-ÇH-CH, +2KOH CH,-CH = CH-CH, +CH, - CH, -CH= CH, +2KCI+ 2H.0
nc
nc
nc
(ale.) But-2-cne But-1-ene
ie
ie
ie
2-Chlorobutane (Major) (Minor)
Sc
Sc
Sc
(Y
CH,-CH=CH-CH, CH,-CH;-ÇH-CH, -CH, -CH-CH,
r
r
(i) CH, 4 H,SO,
ee
ee
ee
But-2-cne OSO,H OH
ar
ar
ar
Butan-2-olI
C
C
(Z)
37. (B)
CH,-0-CH, +2H1 CHI +CHI +H,O

Methoxy ethane Iodomethane lodoethane
e
e
38. (C)
nc
nc
nc
QH
ie
ie
ie
OH
Sc
Sc
Sc
(3- hydroxy groups)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
OH
ar
ar
ar
Hydroxyquinol
C
C
1
39. (A)
CH,OH
sOCl
Pyridine
C,H,CI CH,ONa dil.H,SO42C,Hs-OH
CHs -0-C2Hs,Pressure
Ethanol Chloroethane Diethyl ether Bthanol
e
ce
ce
40. (A)
nc
en
en
Due to absence of acidic proton.

ie
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
41.(D)
2
ee
ee
ee
CH-CH, -0-CH,- CH-CH

ar
ar
ar
CH
C
1 Ethoxy -2- methylpropane

ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
42. (C)
p-Cresol> Phenol, Catechol -Dihydric phenol
Pyrogallol, Phloroglucinol Trihydric phenol-
CH OH QH QH
HO OH
e
e
nc
nc
nc
s80HO OH
ie
ie
ie
p-Cresol Catechol Phlorogluclnol Pyrogallo
Sc
Sc
Sc
4-Methylplacnol Benzene-1,2-diol Benzene-1, 3,5-trlol Benzene-1, 2,3-trlol
43. (A)
CH-CH,-0-CH- CH, -CH, -CI
r
r
ee
ee
ee
3-Chloro-1-ethoxypropane
ar
ar
ar
44. (C)
C
C
Propan-l-ol cannot be prepared by acid catalyzed hydration of alkenes because the addition
reaction follows Markownikoffs rule.
45. (B)
Alylic secondary alcohol
e
e
HC=CH-CH-CH,
nc
nc
nc
OH
ie
ie
ie
But 3 - en - 2- ol
Sc
Sc
46. (B)
Sc
On treating phenol with chloroform in the presence of sodium hydroxide, a -CHO group is
r
r
ee
ee
ee
introduced at ortho postion of benzene ring. This reaction is known as Reimer-Tiemann reaction.
QH
Nat
ar
ar
ar
CHC
Na CH(OHI
CHC+aq NaOH 2NaOH Y He
C
C
-2NaCI
Tntemediate (unstable)
OH
QNa
CHO
CHO dil.HCI
-NaCl
e
ce
ce
Salseylaldehyde
nc
(2-Hydroxybenzaldehyde)
en
en
47. (B)
ie
QH QH QH
ci
ci
Sc
NO2
rS
rS
+2[HO- NO,]-00m +2H,0

temp
dil
ee
ee
ee
Phenol o-nitrophenol NO
ar
ar
ar
p-nitrophenol
C
Due to intra-molecular H-bonding ortho product

is more stable than para product.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
48.(C)
C
QH
-CH
+HI +CH, -I
e
e
Methoxy benzene Phenol Iodomethane
nc
nc
nc
49. (C)
As the number of alkyl groups increases, acidic strength of alcohols decreases.
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
50. (A)
Resorcinol+Dihydric phenol
r
r
CH QH QH QH
ee
ee
ee
HO OH
ar
ar
ar
C
C
OH HO iOH. 230
m-Cresol Resorcinol. Phloroglucinol baPyrogallol

51. B) H
3CH-CH, -CH-OH-PCl33CH,-
e
e
CH2 -CH2-Cl + HgPO3
nc
nc
nc
Propan -1-ol 1-Chloropropane
(X)
ie
ie
ie
KOH
CH,-CH, -CH, -CI alc. >CH,-CH= CH2+KCI+ H,Oi
Sc
Sc
A S
ropene
Sc
1-Chloropropan 31 31 3 (Y**
r
r
ee
ee
ee
conc.
CH,-CH=CH, H,SOCH,-CH-CH++H,SO,
H-OH/A
ar
ar
ar
es
Propene OH
C
C
Propan-2-ol
(7)
52. (A)
CH
e
ce
ce
CH,-C-CH=CH,
nc
en
en
OH
ie
ci
ci
2-Methylbut -3 - en-2-ol
Sc
rS
rS
53. (D)
OH
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
a naphthol
54. (C)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
55.(D)
C
C-H
OH
e
e
Salicylaldehyde
nc
nc
nc
(No. of oxygen atoms = 2)
ie
ie
ie
56. (C)
Sc
Sc
Sc
QH
r
r
ee
ee
ee
IUPACname Benzene- 1,4 diol
ar
ar
ar
C
C
OH
Hydroquinone
57.(A)
OH
e
e
nc
nc
nc
CH,--CH,
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
r
r
2-phenyl propan 2-ol
ee
ee
ee
-
tertiary)
ar
ar
ar
58. (B)
C
C
Phenol is known as carbolic acid.
H
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
ie
ci
ci
Sc
H H
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
59. (B)
ar
ar
ar
HCo OMgBr OH
C
OH
CH,-Mg-Br
c=o- CH HHOHC -H-CH,+ Mg
Br
H 1-phenylethanol
Benzaldehyde Addition Product
The number of o bonds = 13

ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
60. (A)
C
61. (C)
H-CHO C,H, MgBr/cther

1. CH, -
CH, -CH,-OH
Formaldehyde H0
CH,-CH =CH
. B,Hg
CH,-CH, CH,-OH
Propan-1-ol
e
e
2. -
ii.H,O,
nc
nc
nc
Propene Propan - 1- ol atfiiratit.2
i.cold,conc. H,SO
ie
ie
ie
3. CH-CH= CH, CH, ÇH-CH,-
Sc
Sc
Sc
ii. H,O
Propene OH
Propan-2-ol
r
r
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
4. CH,Co-CH,CH,Mg etherCH, -C-CH
C
C
H,O
Acetone CH
2-Methylpropan - 2- ol
62. (A)
When phenol is heated with zinc dust, benzene is obtained.
e
e
nc
nc
nc
OH
ie
ie
ie
+ZnA ZnO
Sc
Sc
Sc
Phenol Benzee
63. (D)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
CH, -0-CH +2H1 A CHI + CH,I +H,O
ar
ar
ar
Methoxy ethane Ethyl Iodide Methyl
Iodide
C
C
64. (C)
OH
OH
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
OH
ie
ci
ci
Sc
Hydroxyquinol
rS
rS
65. (A)
ee
ee
ee
CH et).e
ar
ar
ar
CH-C-CH
C
OH
2-Methylpropan - 2- ol
(tertiary alcohol)
Tertiary alcohol reacts immediately with Lucas reagent.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
tAlcohols, Phenols & Ethers (297)
66. (B)
C
OH QH QH QH
-OH
HO
e
e
OH OH
nc
nc
nc
Resorcinol Phloroglucinol Catechol OH
ie
ie
ie
Quinol
Sc
Sc
Sc
Phloroglucinol is a trihydric phenol.
r
r
67.(D)
ee
ee
ee
3 alcohol on reaction with Cu at 573 K gives alkene.
ar
ar
ar
C
C
CH,
Cu
(CH,),C-OH73KH,C-C=CH,
573 K
2-methyl propene
68. B)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
Ethanol is used to prepare solid fuel using calcium acetate.
ie
ie
ie
69. (B)
Sc
Sc
OH
Sc
r
r
Na,CO,
ee
ee
ee
HSO
ar
ar
ar
C
C
O
Benzoquinone
70. (C) OMgI

e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
-CH,-CH, iodide
CH-C=0+CHPropyl Mg-1 - >CH-C-CH -CH, -CH
ie
magnesium
ci
ci
Sc
CH CH3
rS
rS
CH3
Acetone OH
ee
ee
ee
oCH, -Ç-CH2-CHh -CH +MB

ar
ar
ar
OH
C
CH
2-Methylpentan-2-ol
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
(298) MHT-CET Exanm Questions
ar
ar
ar
71.(A)
C
QH
QH
CoOH
1) NaOH
(2)CO,, H*
e
e
Salicylic acid
nc
nc
nc
Pheno
ie
ie
ie
It is Kolbe's reaction.
Sc
Sc
Sc
72. (C)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Conversion of alcohol into alkene is a dehydration reaction.
ar
ar
ar
P0s is a dehydrating agent.
C
C
C,H,OH
A
H,C=CH,
73.(A)
CH CH
e
e
HC-0-0-H
nc
nc
nc
HC -H
ie
ie
ie
H*
+O2 +CH,COCH,
HO
Sc
Sc
Sc
Phenol Acetonee
r
r
Cumene
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
74. B)
C
C
OH ONa OMe
NaOH CH
e
ce
ce
(A) Anisole
nc
-
en
en
(B)
ie
75. (C)
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
QH
ee
ee
ee
But-3-en-ol HC=CH-CH-CH
ar
ar
ar
2 alcohol
C
HC-HC=CH,
Prop-2-en-1-o1
OH
1° alcohol
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
H,C-CH-C-CH
2-Methyl but-3-en--2-o
OH
30 allyl alcohol
e
e
nc
nc
nc
CHCH,OH
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
1-phenyl ethanol
r
r
ee
ee
ee
1 alcohol
ar
ar
ar
76. (C)
C
C
PDC-Pyridinium dichromate: (Mild oxidizing agent)
PDC
1°Alcohols Aldehydes
CH,C,
Room temp ) -
77. (A)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
cold
H,C)C-0-CH HI(CH,),C-I+CH,OH
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
When one of the alkyl group of ether is tertiary, tertiary alkyl halide and lower alcohol is
formed. Since tertiary carbocation is more stable.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
78. (D)
ar
ar
ar
QH QH
C
C
15-20°CC
SO H
+conc. HSO, -
2-hydroxybenzene
Sulphonic acid
e
ce
ce
nc
QH OH
en
en
ie
100°C
ci
ci
+conc. H,SO,93 |
Sc
(373 K)
rS
rS
So,H
ee
ee
ee
4-hydroxy benzene
ar
ar
ar
Sulphonic acid
C
79. (C)
HC-CHCH,-CH, HC--CH,-CH,
OH
Butan-2-ol Ethylmethylketone
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
80. (D)
H
H,C-C-CH, - CH,
OH
e
e
Butan-2-ol is optically active as it has chiral carbon at C-2 position.
nc
nc
nc
81. (B)
ie
ie
ie
QH QNa OMe
Sc
Sc
Sc
NaOH
CH
r
r
-H,O
ee
ee
ee
-Nal
ar
ar
ar
Phenol Sodium phenoxide Anisole
C
C
'A B
82. (B)
R
R-OH + R-Ë-0--R'= =R-Ë-OR+R'-CoOH
.
e
e
Alcobol Acid anhydride Ester
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
83. (C)
Sc
Sc
OH DGs chico OH 12
Sc
Br Br
r
r
Br/H,O
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Phenol
C
C
Br
2,4, 6-tribromophenol
84. (D)
CH,CH-CH= CHI- OH
e
ce
ce
nc
CH
en
en
ie
Vinylic Carbon
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
85. (B)
-CH,CH4
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
T
C
Ethoxybenzene/
Ethyl phenyl ether/
Phenetole) 1
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Alc ohols, Phenols &Ethers (301)
ar
ar
ar
86. (A)
nly
C
1 alcohols and 2° alcohols can be prepared by
reduction of carbonyl group.
CH
H,C-CH,-CH, -CH,
OH
e
e
nc
nc
nc
2-Methylpentan 2- ol -
ie
ie
ie
(3 alcohol)
Sc
Sc
Sc
87.(D)
r
r
o-CH
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Ethoxybenzene
C
C
(phenetole)
88. (A)
2: 37
-OH CrO,
orNa,Cr,O,/H,SO, =0
e
e
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
P-Benzoquinone
Sc
Sc
89. (C) Sc
QH
r
r
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
CH
p- Cresol
90. (D)
Since H atom of CH,OH is replaced by 'Na' atom, it means H' is acidic.
e
ce
ce
nc
91.(D)
en
en
XIdation Aldehydes
ie
1°alcohols
ci
ci
Sc
oxidation
2 O Ketones
rS
rS
alcohols
HC-CH-CH,-CH, Cro, H,C-G-CH,CH,

ee
ee
ee
-
(O)
OH
ar
ar
ar
Butan-2-ol Butan-2-one
C
92. (C)
sp
H2C CH
OH
ce
ce
ce
Vinyl alcohol has C.P - OH bond.

en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
93. (D)
C
OH
QH
HO SO,H
K
Cu, 673
+H,O- 200-300 atm 373 K
e
e
1SO,H
nc
nc
nc
4-Hydroxysulphonic acid
ie
ie
ie
(p- Phenolsulphonic acid)
Sc
Sc
Sc
94. (D)
r
r
Lucas reagent is a solution of anhydrous zinc chloride in
concentrated hydrochloric acid.
ee
ee
ee
95. (B)
ar
ar
ar
In alcohols strong intermolecular forces i.e. hydrogen bonding 1s present because of which its
C
C
boiling point is more as compared to alkane, aldehyde and either of comparable mass.
96. (C) (A
H,C-CH,OH R,C,0,/HNO,
(0) HC-CHO
e
e
Ethanol Acetaldehyde
nc
nc
nc
M. W. =46 g
ie
ie
ie
Mass= 9.2g
Sc
Sc
Sc
r
r
H,C-C-OH
ee
ee
ee
M.W 600g
Ethanoic acid Mass ?
ar
ar
ar
46 g of Ethanol = 60 g of Ethanoic acid
C
C
9.2 g of Ethanol = =12.0 g of Ethanoic acid
46
By using K2Cr2O7, primary alcohol is first oxidised to aldehyde ac
and then carboxylic
Oxidation does not stop at aldehyde stage.
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
97. (D)
ie
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
.iot1
ee
ee
ee
H,C-CH,-C-0-CH,-CH, +LiAIH, 4H H,C-CH,CH,OH+CH,CH,OP

ar
ar
ar
Ethypropanoate
C
Propan-1-ol-5-eua Ethano
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
98.(C) Alcohols, Phenols &
Se Ethers (303)
C
H,C-CH,OHCu,573 K
Oxidation H,C-C-H
Ethanol
Ethanol
(Acetaldehyde)
e
e
99.(A)
nc
nc
nc
HCCH20-CHCH
ie
ie
ie
Ethoxy ethane HC-0-CHCH2CH
Sc
Sc
Sc
1-Methoxy propane
OH
r
r
ee
ee
ee
HC-C-CH, HC-CH-CH, 1
ar
ar
ar
CH
C
C
OCH
2-Methyl propan - 2- ol
2-Methoxypropane
Molecular forinula for all

+ structures
above.
are same (CaHo0)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
QH
ie
ie
ie
H,C-CH-C-CH,
Sc
Sc
Sc
si CH
r
r
ee
ee
ee
2-Methylbutan 2-ol -
ar
ar
ar
M.F. CH,0
C
C
100. (C)
e
ce
ce
Co11aprhenate
nc
+0 a*www.mmma mwm
en
en
423 K
ie
Cumene hydroperoxide
ci
ci
Sc
OH
rS
rS
4,-Ë-CA, *|0
ee
ee
ee
dil HCI
Acetone
Phenal
ar
ar
ar
(Propanone
C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
12. Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids
C
mportant Formulae and Shortcut Methods
O
e
e
Aldehydes: R--H called Alkanal.
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
Ketones: R-C-R called Alkanone.
Sc
Sc
Sc
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Carboxylic acid: R-C-OH called Alkanoic acid.
ar
ar
ar
>Methods of preparation of aldehydes
C
C
1. From Acyl chloride (Rosenmund reduction)
H2
R-C-Cl
Acyl chloride Pa/BaSO4 R--H+HCI
Aldehyde
e
e
2. From nitriles (Stephen reaction)
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
R-C=N+2[H]- SnCl, HCR-CH=NH.
NH-HCl0R-c-H+NH,CI
Sc
Sc
Alkane nitrile
Sc
Imine hydrochloride Aldehyde
(Alkyl cyanide)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
3. From Esters
ar
ar
ar
C
C
R-C-0-R'AHd-Bu),
H,O,195 K
Ester Aldehyde
Methods of preparation of ketones:

e
ce
ce
1. From Acyl Chloride

. RCd
nc
2R-Mg-X +CdCl2- +2Mg(X)CI

en
en
Grignard reagent Dialkyr

ie
cadmium 5s 5
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
2R--Cl+R,Cd 2R'-C-R+CdCl,
ee
ee
ee
Acyl chlodie Ketone

ar
ar
ar
2. From nitriles
C
TR'-Mg-A,RC= NMgX
dry etherT R-C-R'+NH, +Mg(X)OH
Alkane nitrile
R
Ketone
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Preparation of Aromatic Keton Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids (305)
C
2
-coCi+RCa RMgX
CaCi%
Benzoyi chloride
e
e
RCOCI
nc
nc
nc
Anhyd.AIC
ie
ie
ie
Benzenee
Sc
Sc
Sc
ityoths30 ntests9
cther
CgH CN DKIdy
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Benzonítrile HO -C-R
ar
ar
ar
Preparation of Aromatic Aldehydes from hydrocarbons:
C
C
1. Etard Reaction
CH ÇHO
+CrO,CI,LS
e
e
H,O
nc
nc
nc
ii.
Chromy
ie
ie
ie
Toluene Benzaldehyde
Chloride
Sc
Sc
Sc
2. By oxidation of methyl arene using CrOs
r
r
CH CHO
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
CrO+(CH,CO),O/273-283 KK
A,H,O
C
C
Toluene Benzaldehyde
3, By side chain chlorination of toluene (commercial method)

e
ce
ce
nc
CH3 CHCh ÇHO

en
en
ie
C1-Cl HO
ci
ci
Sc
hv
4,373 K
rS
rS
Tohiene Benzal Benzaldehyde

chloride
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
4. Gatterman Koch formylation of arene

CHO
C
CO, HCI1
pressure
Anhy. AICl2, high
Benzenee
1 Benzaldehyde
i z
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
5. From ester
c-ö-R'AIHG-Bu), --H +R'-OH

HO
e
e
Benzaldehyde
nc
nc
nc
Ester
ie
ie
ie
Preparation of Carboxylic acids:
Sc
Sc
Sc
R-CN dil HC
r
r
ee
ee
ee
R-COC dil HCi,
ar
ar
ar
R-COM HO
C
C
RCOOR HO
dt HSo4 R-COOH
RCOOR NaOH
canc.HC
R-Mg-X- #CTw
e
e
dil
nc
nc
nc
CH KMaO. KOH COOH
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
CH KMnO4. KOH
r
r
CH
ee
ee
ee
CH=CH2 KMa0B,S0, .
ar
ar
ar
..
C
C
**.
.
Laboratory tests for aldehydes and ketones:

e
ce
ce
nc
Fehling solution test

en
en
ie
R-CHO +2Cu2 +5OH

R-COO+Cuo
ci
ci
Sc
Aldebyde
Febling solution
+3H,O
rS
rS
red ppt
Tollen's test or silver mirror test

ee
ee
ee
R-CHO+2[Ag(NH3)+30H
R-COo+2Ag+4NH
ar
ar
ar
Aldehyde
Tollen's Teagent Silver
+2H,0
C
miror
Schiff's reagent:
Aldehyde+ Schiff's reagent magenta or
Only aldehydes give Fehling solution pink or redcolour
test, Tollen's test or
ketones, hence can be used to distinguish Schiff's reagent tests and not
between them.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxyllc Acids 50
oeneral reaction of aldehydes and
ketones:
Products trom acetaldehyde
Products from acetone
(ethanal) (propanone)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
OH H
OH
HCN
CH--CN CH--CH,
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
CN
etaldehyue celone
r
r
eyanohydrin cyanohydrin
ee
ee
ee
OH OH
ar
ar
ar
NaHSO
CH-C-S0,Na 3: hiis t n CH-C-CH
C
C
CH,CHO
(esthanal) SONa
acetaldehyke sodium acetone sodium
CH-CO-CH
propeaooc) bisutphite bisutphite
CH
e
e
CH,M CH-CH CH CH,-C-OH
nc
nc
nc
H
ie
ie
ie
CH,O
Sc
Sc
OCH CH,OSc OCHs

C
r
r
H,C
ee
ee
ee
HC CH,
ar
ar
ar
Nucleophilic addition elimination reactions of aldehydes and ketones with ammonia
C
C
-
derivatives
+NH, 2 imine fa erystalline
St. Aldebyde(R-HV derivative)
No. Ketone(R +H} :
NHOH
Hydraxylonine: N-OH
.
e
ce
ce
: ONitne
nc
NH NR
en
en
CN-NA
ie
Hydrozin
rdrazon
ci
ci
Sc
R
NH-NHCH,
rS
rS
Phenyl hydrozino
RCN NH-CB
pheaylhycrozoue
ee
ee
ee
NH NH-CONH
Semloarbazide R-C=N-NH-CONH,
ar
ar
ar
semicarbazone
C
NO, NO
+HN NO :
CN-N -NO
C#0. .
24Pinitropheny 24
hydrazin DnitropheylaydraTns
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Haloform reaction
ketones (CHs- CO- R) and all alcohel.
C
hols
Thisreaction is given by acetaldehyde, all methyl
containing CH-(CHOH)- group.
CH,--CH, NaOH, la CHI, 4+CH, -Ë-ONa +2NaOH

+3NaOI
e
e
A
nc
nc
nc
Acetone Sodium Iodoform Sodium
hypoiodite acetate
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
Aldol condensation
Aldehydes containing at least one a-hydrogen atom undergo a reaction in presence of dilute
r
r
alkali (dil. NaOH, KÖH or Na,COs) as catalyst to formß- hydroxyl aldehydes (aldol). This
ee
ee
ee
reaction is known as aldol reaction
ar
ar
ar
C
C
H A H H
NaOH
T
2R-Ç=0-aq. >R-Ç-Ç-Ç-C=0
H OHR
Aldehyde Aldol
e
e
nc
nc
nc
warm H,O.
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
B
Sc
R-CH,-CH=CR-C=O
r
r
, -unsaturated aldehyde
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
F1 Cross aldol condensation ** 32 kireps:2
It refers to the aldol condensation that takes place in between two different aldehydes or
C
C
ketones. If both aldehydes or ketones contain two a-hydrogen
atoms each, then a mixture of
four products is formed.
Cannizzaro reaction
In the presence of a strong base, aldehydes without
a hydrogens, i.e. nonaldolizaoi
e
ce
ce
aldehydes undergo self-oxidation reduction, i.e.,

disproportions reaction.
nc
e.g 2cH,CHO + NaOH

en
en
CH,CH,OH +CH,COONa
ie
2HCHO + NaOH CH,OH + HCOONa

ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
Cross cannízzaro reaction

When a mixture of formaldehyde and
non-enolisable aldehyde (aldehyde with n0
ee
ee
ee
C hydrogen) is treated with a strong

the other non-enolisable is reduced base, formaldehyde is Oxidized formic vhile
to acid wh
ar
ar
ar
to alcohol. Formic acid with

NaOH. On acidification sodium forms sodium formate
formate is converted
C
into formic acid. For example
o L,oaao. CH-OH
. HO
Na
+H-C-OH
(Formaldehydo) (Benzaldehyde)
ce
ce
ce
(Phenylmethanol)
(formia acid)
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
dation of aldehydes by dilute
Oxidat Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids (309)
ar
ar
ar
HNO3, KMnO4
Aldehydes are oxidized to the corresponding and K;Cr201t
C
KMn04 and K2Cr207 in acidic medium ng carboxylic
acids by oxidant such as dil.HNO3,
R-CHO- K,Cr,O,R-COOH
dil. H,SOO
Aldehyde
Carboxylic acid
e
e
nc
nc
nc
.Oxidation of Ketones
ie
ie
ie
Ketones resist oxidation due to
strong CO C bond,
Sc
Sc
Sc
Oxidizing agents such as CrO3, but they are oxidized by strong
alkaline KMnO4 or
carboxylic acids having less hot concentrated HNO3 to a mixture of
number
Oxidation of ketones is accompanied of carbon atoms than the starting ketone. Thus,
r
r
ee
ee
ee
by breaking C- Cbond.
ar
ar
ar
C
C
R-C-R R-COOH+R-COOH
Ketone) (Carboxylic acids)
Clemmenson
reductions o ti
e
e
nc
nc
nc
C =0+ 4[H]2n-Hg.cono HCI
ie
ie
ie
CH,+H,O
Sc
Sc
(Carbonyl group
Methylene 2(
Sc
in aldehydes and
group
r
r
ketones)
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Wolf-Kishner reduction
C
C
C =0-H,N-NHL
er -H,O C N NH,OH,H0-CH,-CH-OH CH, N +N
Carbomyl group Hydrazone (Methylene

in aldehydes and group)
ketones)
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
Electrophilic substitution reaction

ie
Aromatic aldehydes and ketones undergo electrophilic substitution reactions such as

ci
ci
Sc
nitration, sulphonation and halogenation. The aldehydic CHO) and ketonic >C-0) groups
rS
rS
are electron-withdrawing by inductive as well a8 resonance offects. They deactivate the

benzene ring at ortho- and para- positions. 'This resuits in the formation of meta-product
ee
ee
ee
For example:
ar
ar
ar
C
CHO
CHOitDLn foiA 2
oona. H80
+HO
+HO-NO, C
(conc. HNo
Benzaldebyde) NO,
(m-Nitrobenzaldehyde)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Reactions of Carboxylic acids: il
C
SOCh
ROCI+S0, + HCI
Acid chloride
N3 RCOONH, R-CONH,
Amide
Salt
e
e
P2Os
(RCO)0
nc
nc
nc
A Acid anhydride
ie
ie
ie
sOCh RCOCI
Sc
Sc
Sc
A (RCO),0 + NaC1
RCOOH
NaOH RCOONa Acid anhydride
r
r
Carboxyic Acid
ee
ee
ee
i NaOH R-H + Na,CO,
ar
ar
ar
i Ca0, Alkane
C
C
LiAIH
R-CH, -OH
dry ether
Akohol
Multiple Choice Questions 8 9517TD3

e
e
nc
nc
nc
MHT-CET 2004
ie
ie
ie
1. Which of the acids cannot be prepared by Grignard reagent?
Sc
Sc
(A)Acetic acid (B) Succinic acid (C)Formic acid

Sc
D)All of these
MHT-CET 2006
r
r
ee
ee
ee
2. Compound A (molecular formula C3Hg0) is
treated with acidified potassium dichromate
t
ar
ar
ar
form a product B (molecular formula CaHO). B forms
a shining silver mirror on warming wiu
ammoniacal silver nitrate. B when treated with an
C
C
aqueous solution of H,NCONHNH2. HCI an
sodium acetate gives a product C. Identify
the structure of C.
(A)CH3CH2CH = NNHCONH2
(B) (CH)2C= NNHCONH2
(C)(CHs)2C= NCONHNH2
D)CH3CHLCH= NCONHNH2
MHT-CET 2007
e
ce
ce
3. Which does not react with

nc
Fehling's solution?
(A)CH,CHO
en
en
(B)CsHCHO (C)CcH206,teilsod D) HCOOH

ie
MHT-CET 2009
ci
ci
11
Sc
rS
rS
4. The IUPAC name crotonaldehyde

of is
(A) butenaldehyde
ee
ee
ee
(C) but-2-en-1-al B)butanal-1

D)prop-2-en-1-ol
ar
ar
ar
MHT-CET 2011
C
5. Aldol condensation
product acetone on
(A) but-2-enal dehydration gives
(C)4-hydroxy-4-methylpentan-2-one (B)2-methylpent-3-en-4-one
D)4-methylpent-3-en-2-one
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
MHT-CET 2013 Aldehydes, Ketones &Carboxylic
Acids (311)
C
Structureof the compound whose
6.
IUPAC name
2ethyl-2-hydroxy-mentyihex-3-en-5-ynoic
is
OH acid is
COOH
OH OH
(A) (B) COOH
e
e
((C) coOH
CoOH
DY
nc
nc
nc
D) 0OR
C0OH
. OH
ie
ie
ie
1. The order ofs bility of the following
Sc
Sc
Sc
tautomeric compound
OH is
CH=CCH2-C-CH
r
r
=
ee
ee
ee
I CH-CCH C-CH
ar
ar
ar
OH O II
C
C
CH-C=CH-C-CH OO3
(A)I>II>I1ouh (B)
II> II>IH (C)II>1> IIiw s (D)II> I>I
MHT-CET 2014
8
e
e
nc
nc
nc
8. Write the IUPAC name
of following compound.
ie
ie
ie
OH
Sc
Sc
Sc
r
r
HeN
ee
ee
ee
COOH
ar
ar
ar
a)2-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid B)6-amino-4-hydroxybenzoic acid
C
C
C)3-amino--4-carboxyphenol (D)2-carboxy-4-hydroxyaniline
MHT-CET
2015
R-C=N+2 H) /
SnCl, dil HClRCHO+NH.CI this reaction is known
(ii) H30 1
as
e
ce
ce
(A)Etard B) Stephen reaction

reaction
nc
Hell-Vohlard-Zelinsky reaction (D)Balz-Schiemann reaction

en
en
ie
10.The
corT
order of reactivity of aldehydes and ketones towards hydrogen cyanide is
ci
ci
Corect
Sc
(A)CH,COCH3 (B)CHCCH,> HCHO> CHCHO

CH3CHO> HCHO
rS
rS
(C)CH,CHO> CH3COCH3> HCHO (D)HCHO >CH3CHO >CH3COCH

11A
ee
ee
ee
when treated with 50 % Na

NaOH yields
re of benzaldehyde and formaldehyde(B) Sodiunm formate and benzyl alcohol
ar
ar
ar
Sodium
benzoate and sodium formate D)Benzyl alcohol and methyl alcohol
C)Sodium
benzoate and methyl alcohol
C
Which acidic in nature?

ofthe following compounds is most (B)3-Chlorobutanoic acid 199
A4-Chlorobutanoic
C)2-Chloro acia (D)Butano acid E 1 g
brobutanoic acid
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
(312) MHT-CET Exam Questionssisi
ar
ar
ar
MHT-CET 2016
C
benzyl methvi
13. Which of the following compounds when troated with dibenzyl cadmium yields
ketone?
(A)Acetone (B) Actaldchyde (C) Acetic acid (D)Acctyl chloride
14. The reagent used in Wolf-Kishner reduction is

(B) NH- NH2 and KOH in ethylene glycol
e
e
(A)Zn-Hg/conc. HCI
nc
nc
nc
(C) NaBH4 (D) Na-Hg/H;0
ie
ie
ie
15. What is the reagcnt used in Etardreaction?t (D) Cadmium chloride
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A) Chromyl chloride (B) Ethanoyl chloride (C) SnCh and HC
16. Which of the following carboxylic acids is a tricarboxylic acid?
r
r
(C) Succinic acid (D) Adipic acid
ee
ee
ee
(A) Oxalic acid (B) Citric acid
ar
ar
ar
MHT-CET 2017
C
C
17. The acid which contains both-OH and-COOH groups is,
(A)phthalic acid B) adipic acid (Cglutaric acid (D)salicylic acid
18. Aldehydes or ketones when treated with CHs-NH-NH2, the product formed is
(A) semicarbazone (B) phenylhydrazone (C) hydrazone D) oxime
e
e
19. Which of the following compound will give positive iodoform test?
nc
nc
nc
(A)Isopropyl alcohol B) Propionaldehyde
(C)Ethylphenyl ketone D)Benzyl alcohol
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
MHT-CET 2018
Sc
Which of the following is a tricarboxylic acid?
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(A)Citric acid (B)Malonic acid C)Succinic acid D)Malic acid
ar
ar
ar
21. Which of the followings is most reactive towards addition reaction of hydrogen cyanide to form
C
C
corresponding cyanohydrin?
(A)Acetone (B) Formaldehyde (C) Acetaldehyde (D)Diethylketone
22. Which of the following compounds does NOT undergo haloform reaction?
(A) CH-CH-CH3 (B) CH3--CH
e
ce
ce
nc
OH
en
en
C) CHs-CH-CHs (D) CH3- -C2Hs

ie
ci
ci
Sc
OH
rS
rS
MHT-CET 2019
ee
ee
ee
23. Which among the following compounds is obtained when ethanenitrile is acid hydrolysed?
(A)Acetic acid (B)Formamide (C) Acetamide
ar
ar
ar
(D) Formic acid

24. Which of the following does not give yellow solid on treatment
C
with sodium hypoiodite?

(A)Pentan-2-one (B) Pentan-3-one
(C) Acetophenone (D) Ethanal
25. The order of reactivity for addition of hydrogen cyanide
to carbonyl compounds is
(A)propanone> methanal> ethanal (B) ethanal > propanone> methanal
(C)methanal> ethanal > propanone
ce
ce
ce
(D) methanal> propanone > ethanal

en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Aldehydos, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids (313)
ar
ar
ar
sThich
26.
of the following compounds undergoes aldol
condensation
C
reaction7
(A) Benzophenone (B) Benzaldehyde
(C) 2,2-Dimethyipropanal (D) Propanone
27.1The reducing agent prererred to convert carboxylic acids and esters to primary alcohols 1s
(A) H/Ni (B) Na-Hg/H20 (C) NaBHA (D) LiAIH4
correct 1UPAC name
e
e
98, The of Glyceraldehyde is
CA)2,3-Dihydroxypropanal
nc
nc
nc
(B)2,3 Dihydroxybutanal
(C)3-Hydroxypropanal (D)Hydroxy ethanal
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
29.In the reaction, CsH,COCH H
Zn- Hg/ conc.HCIX ,Xis
(A)benzylalcohol (B)methylbenzene (C) toluene
r
r
3E3(D)ethylbenzer
ee
ee
ee
30. In salicylaldehyde benzene ring is attached withigy byitr
ar
ar
ar
(A)one-OH group and one-CHO group (B) two-OH groups and two-CHO groups
C
C
(C)two-OH groups and one-CHO group D)one-OH group and two-CHO group
MHT-CET 2020
31. Which of the following carbonyl compounds does NOT undergo aldol condensation?
(A)Benzophenone (B) Acetone (C)Acetaldehyde (D)Acetophenone
e
e
32. Which of the following is Rosenmund reduction? niittste s Attaii.t
nc
nc
nc
(A) Ar-Co-Clpd-BaSo,Ar-CHO +HCI
ie
ie
ie
R-CO-R+[H -g/cOn.HiR-CH,R+H,O s 59:
Sc
Sc
(B) Sc
(C) R-C=N+2[H] R-CH=NH HCI R-CHO+NH,CI
r
r
ee
ee
ee
C
(D) R-CHO-2NN R-CH =N-NH, RCH, +N,
ar
ar
ar
-H20
of the following is a solid trimer of formaldehyde?
C
C
53. Which
A)Paraformaldehyde (B) Metaldehyde (C)Paraldehyde (D) Trioxane
potassium permanganate and dilute
4, Which of the following compounds on heating with
Sulphuric acid forms adipic acid?
(B) Phenylethene (C) Methylbenzene (D)n-Butylbenzene
4)cyclohexene
e
ce
ce
group decreases the acidic strength of aromatic

.Which among the following substituent
nc
en
en
carboxylic acid?
ie
(A)-CI (C)-CNuoiloisd (D)-NO2

(B)-NH2
ci
ci
Sc
of benzoyl chloride in presence of Pd on

Which of the following is obtained by hydrogenation
rS
rS
BaSO4?
(C) Benzaldehyde (D)Benzyl alcohol
ee
ee
ee
(A)Benzoic acid (B) Benzene

following reaction
ar
ar
ar
Dity the compound A andB in

CHCIKCNale) A2H0B+ NH,CI
C
A HCI
acid
(B)A-Atnyl cyanide, B = Methanoic
(B)A = acid
enitrile, B = Ethanoic acid
C)A = lisocyanide, B= Methanoic
DA=Ethe
AEthanenitrile, B = Methanoic
acid
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
benzophenone:
ar
ar
ar
is treated with benzonitrile to obtain in
38. Which among the following compounds
C
dry ether and then acid hydrolysis? (D)CH3MgBr
(A)CsHsONa (B) CHCOCH (C) CoHsMgBr
39. Identify the productC in following renction.

CHCHCOOHNaO ANaOlHBChO.A
HNOC
e
e
(D)CHGCH2NO2
(A)CHCH2CH3 (B) CHCH2CH2OH (C)CH2= CH2
nc
nc
nc
40. Identify product 'A' in the following reaction.
ie
ie
ie
R-C=N-9DIBAl=HA
Sc
Sc
Sc
ii) Ho*
(A)R-CONH2 (B)R-COOH (C)R-CHNH2 (D)R-CHO
r
r
ee
ee
ee
41. What is IUPAC name of mesityl oxide?
ar
ar
ar
(A)1-Phenylbutan-2-one (B)4-Methylpent-3-en-2-one
C
C
C)4-Methylbenzaldehyde (D)2-Bromohexan-3-one
42. What is TUPAC name of acrolein?
(A)3-methylbut-2-enal (B) 2-methybut-2-enal
C)Prop-2-enal (D)But-2-enal
e
e
43. Identify 'A' and 'B° respectively in following reaction
nc
nc
nc
TolueneChA
hv H0B
ie
ie
ie
(A)Benzyl chloride and benzaldehyde (B) Benzyl chloride and benzoic acid
Sc
Sc
(C)Benzoyl chloride and benzoic acid

Sc
(D)Benzoyl chloride and benzaldehyde
a
r
r
44. Chronyl chloride converts methyl group to chromium complex, which on acid hydrolysis
ee
ee
ee
gives corresponding aldehyde. This reaction is called
ar
ar
ar
(A)Etard reaction (B) Wolf-Kishner reaction
C
C
(C) Stephen reaction galei (D)Rosenmund reaction al to fod
45. Which of the following is NOT dicarboxylic acid?p
s(A) Succinic acid (B) Acrylic acid C) Malonic acid D) Phthalic acid1
46. Identify 'A' in the following reaction, APd-BSO
H2 CgH5CHO + HCI
e
ce
ce
ic (A) Benzoic acid

nc
(B) Chlorobenzene
en
en
(C)Benzyl chloride D) Benzoyl chloride

ie
47. Identify product A in the following reaction.

ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
CH-C-NH2 +H,O+HCI>A
ee
ee
ee
O
ar
ar
ar
(A) CH,-C-H (B) CoHs-NH

C
O
(C)
CH-c-Cl (D) CHs-C-OHatiserd A
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids (315)
Identify "A in the following reaction
C
48
8.
2A+(CHCH2),Cd 2CH-C-CH,-CH,
+Cd
(A) CH3-CO-CI B) CH3-Mg-CI
e
e
(C) CoH-CO-Cl D) CoHs-CH2-Cl
nc
nc
nc
49 which among the folowing compounds has highest boiling
(A) CH-CH;-COCH3 point?
ie
ie
ie
(C) CH3-CH;-COOHI (B) CHj-CH,-CH2-CHO
Sc
Sc
Sc
(D) CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-OH
sO Which of the following statements is true for
carbonyl group?
r
r
(A) Carbon atom is sp' hybridised
ee
ee
ee
(B) C-C-O bond angle is 90.
ar
ar
ar
(C) Carbon atom forms three sigma bonds.
C
C
O) The carbonyl bond is weaker as compared to double
bond in alkene
5
51. What is the type of hybridization of carbon atom in carbonyl group?
(A) sp (B) sp (C) sp (D) spd
e
e
nc
nc
nc
52. A reaction in which chromyl chloride in presence of CS2 converts methyl group of toluene to
aldehydic group on acid hydrolysis is called
ie
ie
ie
(A) Stephen reaction (B) Etard reaction
Sc
Sc
(C) Rosenmund reduction -

Sc
(D) Gatterman Koch formylation
53. An
acylchloride is hydrogenated over catalyst palladium on barium sulphate to form an
r
r
ee
ee
ee
aldehyde. This reaction is called as
A) Wolff-Kishner reduction B) Rosenmund reduction
ar
ar
ar
(C) Etard reaction (D) Stephen reaction
C
C
presence of dry ether gives
Propane nitrile on reaction with eihyl magnesium 10dide in
complex. This imine complex on acid hydrolysis forms.
(C) Butanone (D)2-Pentanone
(A)3-Pentanone (B) Propanone
S5. Which of the following is a tricarboxylic
(A)Caproic acid (B) Valeric acid
(C)Citric
(C) Citric acid D)Oxalicacid
e
ce
ce
the following conversion?

nc
56.
wnich of the following reagents is used for
en
en
CH-CH=CH-CHO CH3-CH=CH-CH2OH
ie
(C)LiAIH4 (D)Zn-Hg/HCI
ci
ci
(A)HO* (B)H/Ni
Sc
rS
rS
Identify A in the following reactionn

(CH3)3C-OH
ee
ee
ee
A+CH MgBrthercomplex
(D)Acetaldehyde
(C) Propionaldehyde
ar
ar
ar
(A)Acetyl chloride (B)Acetone with bromine water?

obtained when phenol react
C
58.Which compounds is
of oftthe following 6)3-Bromphenol
(A)2-Bromophenol E (D)4-Bromophenol
2,4,6-Tribromphenol4 :
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
59. Which of the following compound is highly reactive towards HCN?
(A)H-CHO (B) CoHs-CHO (C)CH-CO-CH (D)CH-CHO
60. Which of the following is a Stephen reaction?
(A)R-COCIP-BaSR-CHO+HCI
Pd-BaSO4
e
e
R-CH = N-NH2OetyenegyeoR-CH, +N2
nc
nc
nc
(B)R-CH=0 H20
ie
ie
ie
(C) R-C-R +4[H]-Hnc. R-CH, -R +H,O
Sc
Sc
Sc
r
r
H
ee
ee
ee
(D)R-C=N+2[H] R-CH =NH.HCI R-C=0+NH,CI
ar
ar
ar
61. Identify 'B° in the following reaction
C
C
CHsMgB BT
Benzonitrile A B+MgOH T (G
ether
e
e
(A)Benzaldehyde (B)Aniline (C)Diphenyl D)Benzophenone
nc
nc
nc
62. Which of the following is Clemmensen reduction?
ie
ie
ie
fO 1
Sc
Sc
H
Sc
(A)-C=N+2[H] CH = NH.HCI
-=0
r
r
dil HCI + NH,CI
ee
ee
ee
(B)-CH=0-2N-NH21
>R-CH=N-NH2 -KOH/ethyleneglycol -CH + N2
ar
ar
ar
C
C
(C)-CO-+ 4[H] Hgconc. -CH, -
+ H,O
D)-cO-Clp-Bs0,-CHO + HCI
63. Identify the product Y in the following

series of reactions.
e
ce
ce
nc
4-NitrotolueneHOCOX-Ho"y
en
en
11-
ie
ci
ci
(A)Benzaldehyde
Sc
(B)4-Nitrobenzoic acid
rS
rS
()Acetophenone
(P)4-Nitrobenzaldehyde
64.What is the final product obtained when benzonitrile react
ee
ee
ee
equimolar proportion? with phenyl magnesium bromide

(A)Dicyclohexane
ar
ar
ar
(C)Benzene (B) Diphenyl magnesium

bromide
C
(D)Benzophenone
65. The reaction in which
methyl group on benzene
(A)Etard reaction ring is converted to aldehydic
group is calle
(C) Rosenmund reaction (B)Fridel-Craftreaction
(D)Gatterman - Koch
reaction
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
ih of the following catalyst is used in Rosenmund reaction?
66
C
(A)Pd- BasO4 (6) C% (C)CuCh (D)V,0s
Which of the following is a Wolf- Kishner reduction?
CA)-C N+2H dil HCI -CH= NHHCIHO-CHO + NH,CI

e
e
H
nc
nc
nc
(B)-COClpd-BaS0CHO + HCI
ie
ie
ie
(C)-CO-+4H Zn-Hg/conc.HC-CH, -+H20
Sc
Sc
Sc
HaN-NH2 KOH/athylène glyeol
D)=0 N-NH CH+Na
r
r
-H0
ee
ee
ee
A
ar
ar
ar
68. Identify B in the following reaction
C
C
R-CeNS d AB B NH,CI
(A) R-C =0 (B) R-C-OH (C) RCH2-NH2 (D) R- C =0

H
NH,
e
e
nc
nc
nc
69. Identify the product B in the following reaction.
ie
ie
ie
CH,COOH+C,H,OH
A B
Sc
Sc
(A) Ethanol
Sc
(B) Ethanol and propionic acid
(C) Ethanol and propanol
D) Ethanol and ethanoic acid
r
r
ee
ee
ee
70. Which of the following compounds is obtained when benzene reacts
with benzoyl chloride in
ar
ar
ar
presence of anhydrous AICl3?
(A) Acetophenone (B) Benzophenone C) Benzaldehyde
C
C
(D) Chlorobenzene
71. Which of the following compounds is obtained when Butan-2-one is treated with
dry ether and then acid hydrolysed? CH3Mg in
(A) Butan-1-o1 (B) 2-Methylbutan-2-0l
(C) Propan-1-ol (D) 2-Methylpropan-2-o
e
ce
ce
nc
72. Which of following compounds

is obtained when ethanoic anhydride is treated
en
en
(A) Ethanoic acid (B) Ethanal with water?

ie
(C) Ethanol(D) Ethyl ethanoate

ci
ci
Sc
73. Identify the compound

obtained by side chain chlorination of toluene and
rS
rS
(A) Acetophenone(B) Benzyl alcohol hydrolysed further.

(C) BenzophenoneD) Benzaldehyde
ee
ee
ee
14. Which
of the following does NOT give yellow precipitate
whon reacted with (NaOH + I2)
ar
ar
ar
mixture?
(A) Acetaldehyde (B) Benzaldehyde
C
(C) Acetophenone (D) Acetone

compound on treatment with DIBAL-H
(A) CHCH = CH CH; yields dodecanal at 195 K?
(C)CH3(CH2)10CO0CH3 CNilttt (B) CoH$CN
(D) C% HsCN
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
of followedby reduction
C
76. Which of the following compounds is
obtained on ozonolysis
with Zn dust and water? D) Propanal

(A) Butanal (B) Butanone (C) Propanone
77. Which of the following is obtained on alkaline hydrolysis of 1, 1-dichlorocyclohexane?

(B) Benzaldehyde
e
e
(A) Cyclohexane carbaldehyde
(D) Cyclohexanone
nc
nc
nc
(C)Cyclohexanol
property of carboxylic acid?
ie
ie
ie
*78. Which among the following reactions explain the acidic
Sc
Sc
Sc
+HCI T
(A) R-C-OH + SOCh R-C-CI+S021
(B) R-C-OH +R-OHOnei2s04 R- C- OR +H,O
r
r
2R-C-ONa + H;T
ee
ee
ee
(C)R-C-OH +2 Na
ar
ar
ar
(D) 2R-C-OH (R-CO)%0 + H20
C
C
79. What is the molecular formula of glyceraldehyde?
(A) CHO4 (B) CaHO4 (C) CaHO3 D) CaHO
80. What is IUPAC name of succinic acid ?
(A) Ethanedioic acid (B) Propanedioic acid (C) Butanedioic acid (D) Pentanedioic acid
e
e
81. Identify the product B in following reaction dryice OH
CHsMgBr- dry A
Aail.HCI B.
nc
nc
nc
ether
(A) CHCOCI B) CH,COOH D) CoH,CH3
ie
ie
ie
C) CHOH
Sc
Sc
Sc
82. Which among the following compounds does NOT undergo aldol condensation?
(A)Fomaldehyde(B)
B)Butyraldehyde (C)Acetaldehyde(D)Propionaldehyde
r
r
83. Which among the following aromatic acids is a strongest acid?
ee
ee
ee
(A)o-nitrobenzoicacid E (B)m-nitrobenzoic acid ts oul
ar
ar
ar
C)p-nitrobenzoic acid (D)p-methoxybenzoicacid t 3aes
C
C
84. Which of the following functional groups is reduced by diborane?
(A)Carboxyl group
ite is(B) Halo group
(C)Nitro group (D)Ester groupv
85. Which of the following compounds is not isomeric with
buato
diethyl ether? 0 el (A
(A) n-Propyl methyl ether (B) Butanone
e
ce
ce
(C) Butan-1-ol
nc
(D) 2-Methylpropan-2-ol
en
en
86. Identify A in the following reaction.

ie
ci
ci
dry ether HOH

Sc
Dry ice+A
B T Isobutyric acid + Mg(CI)OH
rS
rS
(A) Isobutyl magnesium chloride H

(C)n-Propyl magnesium chloride (B) Isopropyl magnesium chloride
ee
ee
ee
(D)n-Butyl magnesium chloride

87. Aspirin is an acetylation product
ar
ar
ar
(A) 2-hydroxy benzoic of

acid
C
(C)3-hydroxy benzoic (B)1,4-dihydroxy

acid benzenelesui
(D) 1,2-dihydroxy benzene
88. Which ofthe following
carboxylic acids has highest
(A) Chloroacetic acid acidic strength?
(C) Dichloroacetic acid (B) Trichloroacetic acid
(D)Acetic acid
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids (319).
correct
ar
ar
ar
Whatis the order of reactivity of HCN towards
89. aldchydes and ketones
ketones other aldeh <formaldehyde
C
(B)
formaldehy ketones other aldehydes taw
(C)other aldehydes < formaldehyde < ketoncs
maldehyde < other aldehydes < ketones
Aldehydes and ketones those are not
90. sensitive to acids when heated with zinc amalgam ana
oncentrated hydrochloric acid give alkanc.
1
e
e
This reaction is known as
nc
nc
nc
(A)Clemmensen reduction
(B) Rosenmund reduction
C) Wolf Kishner reduction
ie
ie
ie
(D) Stephen reaction
Sc
Sc
Sc
Which of the tollowing compounds yields 3-Ethylpentan-3-ol
o1. by using ethyl magnesium
iodide followed by acid hydrolysis?
(A)Propanone (B) Pentan-2-one
r
r
(C) Butanone (D)Pentan-3-one
ee
ee
ee
02, Which of the following compounds does NOT undergo Friedel-Crafts reaction?
ar
ar
ar
(A) Chlorobenzene (B) Benzoic acid (D) Benzene (D) Toluene
C
C
93. How many carbon atoms are present in a molecule of benzylmethyl ketone?
(A) Ten (B) Seven (C) Nine (D) Eight
94. Which of the following has highest boiling point?
(A) CHj-CH-0-CH (B) CH3-CH2-CHO (C) CH--CH,D)CH-CH-CH-OH
e
e
nc
nc
nc
95. Which of following reagents is used to avoid further oxidation of aldehydes?
ie
ie
ie
(A)KCr207/ il. H2S04 (B) CsHsNH'CrO%Cl
Sc
Sc
(C) dil. HNOO3 D)CrO3

Sc
96. Which among the following compounds is obtained when benzene is treated with cO and HCI
r
r
Cu2Clh under high pressure?
ee
ee
ee
in presence of catalyst anhydrous AlClh and
(A)Acetophenone (B) Toluene (C)Benzoicacid D)Benzaldehyde
ar
ar
ar
97. Which among the following substituent groups increases the, acidic strength of aromatic
C
C
carboxylic acids?
(C)-NO2 (D)-CH
(A)-OH B)-NH2
among the following compounds has highest boiling point?
Which (C) Propanoic acid D)2-Methylbut-1-ene
A) Butan-2-o1 (B) Butan-2-one
e
ce
ce
9. ldentify the product A in following reaction:

nc
en
en
Acetyl chloride + Dibenzylcadmium A

B) Benzyl methyl ketone
ie
(A)Acetophenone
(D) Benzoic acid
ci
ci
Sc
C)Benzophenone
rS
rS
alkyl cyanides by Stephen

Which reagent from following is
100, 1 used to prepare aldenydes irom
ee
ee
ee
reaction?
(B) DIBAI-H, H,O
(A) Cl/hv, H,O (D) CO, HCI (anhydrous AICl)
ar
ar
ar
C) SnCl/dil. HC1, H,O strength than benzoic acid?

aromatic acids has less aciaic
C
nich of the following (B)o nitrobenzoic acid

A) o- chlorobenzoic acid (D)p-methoxy benzoic acid
(C)m- nitrobenzoic acid
5-dinitrobenzoic acidi1s hecated with thionyl chloride ?
2. obtained when 3,
product B)3-Chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid
A) the
3,5-Dinitrobenzoyl chloride (D)3,5-Dinitrobenzyl chloride
ce
ce
ce
93,5-Dichlorobenzyl chloride
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
103. Which of the following compounds is NOT a carbonyl compound?
C
(A) Acetyl chloride (B)Propanamide (C)Acetamide (D)Ethoxy ethane
SOLUTIONS
1. (C)
e
e
Carboxylic acids are prepared by reaction of Grignard reagent with CO2.
nc
nc
nc
: Formic acid (HCOOH) has only one carbon atom.
ie
ie
ie
Formic acid cannot be prepared from Grignard reagent.
Sc
Sc
Sc
O
RMgX+Co R--OMgXORCoOH
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Grignard Acid
reagent
ar
ar
ar
2. (A)
C
C
() Aldehydes reduce ammoniacal' AgNOs to silver mirror
(i) 1° alcohol aldehyde.
iii) Aldehydes give addition product with ammonia derivative
A (CHO) is 1° alcohol; B (CaH,0) is aldehyde.
e
e
nc
nc
nc
CH,CH,CH,OH CH,CH,CHOHNCONENECH,CH,CH = NNHCONH,
A B
ie
ie
ie
Propanol Propanal
Sc
Sc
3. (B) Sc
Aromatic aldehyde i.e. CsHsCHO are not able to reduce Fehling's solution.
r
r
4. (C)
ee
ee
ee
The structural formula of Crotonaldehyde is
ar
ar
ar
CH-CH=HHO
C
C
But-2-en-1-al
5. (D)
CC=0+HCH,COCH3 Ba(OH2 C-CH,COCH 0CH,-C=CHCOCH

CH OH
e
ce
ce
CH
nc
Acetone CH
en
en
DI-acetone alcohol
3 r17 4-methylpent-3-en-2-one
ie
or mesityl oxide
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
NH
ee
ee
ee
6. (B)
OH
O
ar
ar
ar
COOH
C
6
tChain of 6C-atoms
This is the structure
of given compound.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
. (B) Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids (321)
ar
ar
ar
rolls of B-dicarbonyl
compounds are
C
H-bonding. hus, the order more stable because
of stability is of conjugation ana inua
OH O
HC-C=CH-
H-Ë-CH> OH
CH3---CH2-Ë-CH>0CH,--CH--CH
(Stabilised by conjugation
II
e
e
and H-bonding)
Less stable as =) bond
nc
nc
nc
is not in conjugation ith carbonyl group
ie
ie
ie
8. (A)
Sc
Sc
Sc
QH
r
r
ee
ee
ee
HN
ar
ar
ar
COOH
C
C
Priority order of functional groups is
Therefore, IUPAC name of the compound
-COOH>-OH>-NH2
is as follows
OH
e
e
HN
COOH
nc
nc
nc
2-amino-4-bydroxybenzoic acid
ie
ie
ie
9. (B)
-
Sc
Sc
Sc
H
SnCl,/dil. HCIR-CH =
r
r
R-C=N+2(H)- NHHCI R-C=0+NH CI
ee
ee
ee
This reaction is called Stephen reaction.
ar
ar
ar
10.(D)
C
C
yanohydrin formation is reversible. The order of reactivity
is
Formaldehyde> other aldehyde> ketones
CH3COCH3
The correct order is HCHO> CH3CHO>
11. (B)
e
ce
ce
when treated with 50 % NaOH gives benzvl

A mixture of benzaldehyde and formaldehyde
nc
en
en
alcohol and sodium formate.

ie
It is cross Cannizzaro's reaction.

ci
ci
Sc
H CH_OH
H
rS
rS
+ NaOH +H--ONa
C=0 + H-C=0 (50%)
ee
ee
ee
Benzyl alcohol Sodium formato

Benzaldehyde Formaldehyde
ar
ar
ar
C
12. (C)
Theacid rength of the given acids is acid > Butanoio
3-chlorobutanoiC acid 4-chlorobutanoic
Chloro butanoic acid>
pKa = 2.9
pKa 4,0
J,TCtit: uit tha pKa=4.5 pKa=4.8
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
13.(D)
C
iAcetyl chloride + Dibenzyl cadmium> Benzyl methyl ketone 2,- atte)
O
CH3-C-Cl+(CH,CH2) Cd>2 CH-C-CH2 CHs +CdCl2

2Acetyl chloride Dibenzyl cadmium BenzyImethyl ketone
14. (B)
e
e
The reagent used in Wolf-Kishner reduction is NH2-NH2 and KOH in ethylene
glycol.
nc
nc
nc
KOH /ethylene
c=0 N2 c=N-NH, glyolCH,+ Na
ie
ie
ie
-
Hydrazone
Sc
Sc
Sc
15. (A)
Chromyl chloride is the reagent used in Etard reaction.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
CH CH (OCrOHCL,), CHO
ar
ar
ar
+CrO2Cl2 CS2
C
C
Toluene Chromium Complex A 53 Benzaldehyde
16. (B)
Citric acid is a tricarboxylic acid.
e
e
CH2 C-OH
nc
nc
nc
A
ie
ie
ie
HO-C-C-OH
Sc
Sc
Sc
CH,-ë-0H
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Citric Acid (Tricarboxylic acid)
ar
ar
ar
17.(D)
COOH
C
C
OH
Salicylic acid
:$t ikR
e
ce
ce
nc
18. (B)
en
en
R R
ie
HC=0 c=N-NH-CH,
+ HN-NH--CH,
ci
ci
H
Sc
rS
rS
Aldehyde
R R
ee
ee
ee
O+ HN-NH-CA, :
R
C=N-NH-CHs buletusre
ar
ar
ar
Ketone
Phenyl hydrazone
C
19. (A)
Alcohols having R--C-CH, structure give

positive iodoform test.
OH
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
20.(A)
C
CH-COODH
HO-C-COOH Citric acid
CH-COOH
21.(B)
e
e
Formaldehyde
nc
nc
nc
Reactivity towards nucleophilic addition :
Aldehyde> Ketone.
ie
ie
ie
Tnaldehydes HCHO > CH3CHO>
CHCH,CHO
Sc
Sc
Sc
22.(C)
Only methyl ketones, acetaldehyde and 2° alcohol with
-CH-R group gives iodotorm
r
r
CH,
ee
ee
ee
reaction.
OH
ar
ar
ar
23.(A) 3,H
C
C
24.(B)
Oxidation of methyl ketones by aldehyde and ketones having at least one methyl group linked to
carbonyl carbon oxidized by sodium hypohalide solution.
25.(C) 26. (D) 27. (D) 28. (A)
e
e
29.(D)
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
CH-CH
Sc
Sc
CH3 H Sc
Zn/Hg/Conc.HCI
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Ethyl benezene
Acetpphenone
ar
ar
ar
30. (A)
C
C
31.(A)
Absence of a-Hydrogen atom.
32.(A) 33. (D)
34.(A)
e
ce
ce
nc
COOH
en
en
KMnO,/dil. H,SO,
ie
+4(0)- coOH
ci
ci
A
Sc
rS
rS
Adipic acid
Cyclohexane
ee
ee
ee
35.(B)
which activate the benzene
ring to olectrophilic attack and
ar
ar
ar
-NH2 is electron donating group acidic. While -Cl, -CN and -NO, are el
acids less
C
nake aromatic carboxylic the acidity of aromatic

carboxylic acids.
wthdrawing groups which increases
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
36. (C)
Rosenmund reduction
-Cl -H
e
e
nc
nc
nc
H +HCI
ie
ie
ie
Pd/BaSO,
Sc
Sc
Sc
Benzoyl chloride Benzaldehyde
r
r
ee
ee
ee
37.(B)
ar
ar
ar
KCNal) CH, -C-OH+NH,CI
CH-CNHCI
C
C
CH,CI
A HCI
Chloromethane Ethanenitrile Ethanoic acid
-KCI
tre reea
(A) rt capei is (B) ivii9r
38. (C)
e
e
NMg Br
MK
nc
nc
nc
CN Me-Br Br
Dry ether
ie
ie
ie
Imine compex
3enaophenAe
Sc
Sc
Beaconktrse Preayd mestam Sc

r
r
39. (D)
ee
ee
ee
s
ar
ar
ar
NaOH
CH-CH-C-OH- CH-CH, -C--ONaNaOCH,-CH
C
C
CaO,A
Propanoic acid Sodium propionate Bthane
-Na,CO
(A) (B)
A HNO
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
CH-CH, -NO, +H,0

ie
ci
ci
Nitroethane
Sc
rS
rS
(C)
40.(D)
ee
ee
ee
41. (B)
ar
ar
ar
C
42. (C)
CH,-CH-C-H
Prop 2 enal
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic Acids
43. (A) (325)
C
side chain chlorinaOn or
toluene gives benzal
chloride which on hydrolysis gives
CH CHCI benzaldehyde.
CHC CH(OF) CHO
Ch
Suniph Sunlight
e
e
- HC) (-HC)
Toluene enzyl
nc
nc
nc
chonde Bennl
chlorlde (unstable) enaldehyde
ie
ie
ie
44.(A)
When toluene is treated with solution
Sc
Sc
Sc
complex is obtained, which on of chtromyl chloride (CrO,Ch) in CS2, brown chronminum
acid hydrolysis gives benzaldehyde.
Etard reaction. This reaction is called
r
r
ee
ee
ee
CH
OC.COH CHO
ar
ar
ar
+2C10 Ch CHK CH OCrClOH Ho*
C
C
hydrolysls
Tolbane
Benzaldehydo
Brown chromium
conipiex
45.(B)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
HCCH-COH mi
ie
ie
ie
Acrylic acid
Sc
Sc
(Unsaturated carboxylic acid) Sc

46. (D)
r
r
COC CHO
ee
ee
ee
When benzoyl chloride is hydrogenated in the presence
palladium on barium sulphate (Pd/BaSO4), benzaldehyde +H, P-uaso HCI
ar
ar
ar
is obtained. This reaction is called Rosenmund reduction. Bentoyl chleróde
Benzakiehyde
C
C
47.(D)
When benzamide is heated with dil. HCl, benzoic acid is obtained
C NH C-OH
e
ce
ce
+NH,CI
+Hz0+HCI
nc
en
en
Bememide Benzoic acid

ie
ci
ci
48. (A)
Sc
rS
rS
(CH,CH,),Cd 2CH,-C-CH, -CH, + CdCl,

ee
ee
ee
H-C-CI +
Benzyl methyl ketone
ar
ar
ar
Acetyl chloride
C
49. (C)
Carbo boiling ponts than thOse of alcohols, aldehydes, ketones
Oxylic acids possess higher
arbons of comparable molecular masseS
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
50. (C)
wwawa
e
e
nc
nc
nc
Orbital diagram for the formation of carbonyl
ie
ie
ie
51. (A)
Structure of Carbonyl group au
Sc
Sc
Sc
9p} 1o
r
r
ee
ee
ee
C'atom forms three 'o' bonds, it is sp- hybridized.
ar
ar
ar
C
C
52. (B)
TOCr(OH)HCL ÇHO
-H
H
+CrO,Cl CS| OCr(OH)Clh HO*
e
e
Chromyl Chloride
nc
nc
nc
Toluene (Chromium Complex) Benzaladehyde
ie
ie
ie
This is known as Etard reaction.
Sc
Sc
53. (B)
Sc
54. (A)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
CH,-CH, -C=N + C,H, -Mg-I CH, -CH, --C,H,
C
C
Propane nitrile
ri Pis oinad H COnplex>i sd
H,0
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
NH, + M +CH-CH, -C-CH, -CH,

ie
OH
ci
ci
Pentan 3- one
Sc
55. (C)
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
CH-C-OH
ar
ar
ar
HO-C
C
1
C-OH
CH-C-OH
Citric acid (Tricarboxylic
acid)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
CH,-CHCHCH-COOH-
-Valeric
CH-CH, -CH-CH-CH,-CoOH-Caproic acid
HOOC-COOH- Oxalic acid (Monocarboxylic acid))
acid (Dicarboxylic acid)
56.(C)
e
e
LiAlHA does not reduces isolated olefin
nc
nc
nc
bond and hence it can reduce unsaturated
ketones to unsaturated alcohols. aldehyde and
ie
ie
ie
57.(B)
Sc
Sc
Sc
H HC
r
r
OMgBr CH
ee
ee
ee
C=0+CH,MgBr- ether H,0 Br
H,C-C-OH+Mg
CH OH
ar
ar
ar
HC
CH
Acetone
C
C
(A) Complex tert-butyl alcohol
F1oiO0. firt)- 1sfr(
58.(C)
When phenol is treated with bromine water, a yellowish white precipitate of
2,4,6-tribromophenol is formed
e
e
nc
nc
nc
OH OH
Br Br
ie
ie
ie
Water
+3 Bi2 R +3HBr
Sc
Sc
Sc
Pheno
Br
r
r
ee
ee
ee
24,6-tribomophestol
59.(A)
ar
ar
ar
Due to less steric hinderance.
C
C
60.(D)
61. (D)
N Mg Br
Mg-Br Br
CaN Dy +Mgo+NH
e
ce
ce
nc
Imine complex Benzophen0n

en
en
Benzonitrile Phenyi magnesipm

ie
bromide
ci
ci
62.(C)
Sc
rS
rS
63.(D)
ocoCl baliso
ee
ee
ee
CH CHO
OcoCH HO
CH +(CH,CO%0 273-278 K.
ar
ar
ar
Cro) NO,
NO
Dlacetate dorlvatlva
NO
C
4-Nitrobenzaldehyde
*Nitrotoluene
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
64. (D)
C
H NMg Br
CN Mg-Br
Dry elher +Mg +NH
fmíne conplex Benzophenone

Benzontrite Phenyl magnesium
Oomidee
e
e
65. (A)
nc
nc
nc
(A) Etard reaction
ie
ie
ie
CH ICiOH CHO
Sc
Sc
Sc
CH
+2Cr02Cl2 OCrCi,0H hydrolysis
r
r
Benzaldehyde
ee
ee
ee
Tofuce
Brown chrunium
complex
ar
ar
ar
(B)Fridel-Craft reaction
C
C
CH3 ÇH
+CH-C-CIAa +HCl 1 pieoerteseff 3

Acetyl Chloride
e
e
Toluene COCH
nc
nc
nc
4 methyl acetophenone
ie
ie
ie
(C) Rosenmund reaction
Sc
Sc
Sc
COCI CHO
r
r
ee
ee
ee
+HPa-Bas0, +HC
A2
ar
ar
ar
Benzoyl chloride Benzaldehyde
C
C
D)Gatterman Koch reaction
-
CH3 CH
CO HCI
e
ce
ce
AfCl3
nc
Tolucne
en
en
CHO
ie
4-Methylbenzaldehyde
ci
ci
66. (A)
Sc
COCI CHO
rS
rS
When benzoyl chloride is hydrogenated in the

presence palladium on barium sulphate
Pd-BaSQD
J+
ee
ee
ee
(Pd/BaSO4), benzaldehyde is obtained. This +HCI

reaction is called Rosenmund reduction.
ar
ar
ar
Benzoyl clhlarlda Benzaldehyde

67. D)
C
Carbonyl group is converted to corresponding

KOH and ethylene glycol. alkane group in presence of NH2NH2 followed Dy
H2N-NH2
KOH/ ethylene glycol
-H20 -N-NH- CH+Na
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxyllc Acids (329)
68.(A)
C
SnCl,/dil.HCI
R-C N Stephen's reductionR-CH=NH,0R-c-
H
69.(A)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
CH,COOH+C,H,OH H,/Ni
CH--oc,H,
H,O 2CH,CH,OH
ie
ie
ie
(A)O (B)
Sc
Sc
Sc
Formation of A - Esterification.
Bster on catalytic reduction gives alcohol.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
70.
ar
ar
ar
ciai a
C
C
C-Cl
AICl
e
e
13ER
nc
nc
nc
Friedel Craft acylation Benzophenonett &rs ersvn-IAEIG
ie
ie
ie
71. (B)
Sc
Sc
OMglP Sc
CH-C-CH,CH, +CH,Mgl CH,-¢-CH,CH
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Butan-2-one CH
ar
ar
ar
H HO
C
C
OH
CH,-C-CH,CH
e
ce
ce
CH otoloib-.
nc
tXi pioo
2- Methyl butan-2-ol
en
en
ie
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
72.(A)
ee
ee
ee
o H,O2CH,COOH
ar
ar
ar
CH,-&
C
Ethanoic
Bthanoic
acid
anhydride
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
S (330) MHT-CET Exam Questions i
ar
ar
ar
73. (D) A
C
,OH
CHC H-C-OH
e0-
CL/hv
2HCl (o) H[o)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
H-o
Sc
Sc
Sc
r
r
ee
ee
ee
74. (B)
Acetaldehyde, acetone and methyl ketones having
CHCO- group undergo haloform reaction.
ar
ar
ar
(Benzaladehyde > Absence of CH3CO- group)
C
C
75. (C)
Dodecanal = CH3(CH)1oCHO
CH,(CH).CoOCH, DIBAL-H CH,(CH,),CHO
Do decanal
DIBAL -H converts esters into aldehyde.f
e
e
nc
nc
nc
76. (C)
ie
ie
L ie
H CH
Sc
Sc
()O,
Sc
(2) Zn dust H,0
2H,C-C-CH
CH HHD-9-9
r
r
HC Propanone
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
77. D)
C
C
Cl CI HO OH
NaOH -H,O
HO
1,1 dichloro
e
ce
ce
Cyclo hexanone
cyclo hexane
nc
iu-id sitsi/
en
en
78.(C)
ie
Acid is a substance which gives out

H
ci
ci
ion.
Sc
2R--OH + 2Na-
rS
rS
R--ONa + H, T
ee
ee
ee
The above reaction shows the

79.(C) acidic nature.
ar
ar
ar
ÇHO
C
ÇHOH
CHOH
Glyceraldehyde: Molecular
formula C,H,O
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxyllc Aclds (331)
80.(C)
Succinic acid:
COOH
Butan-1,4-dioic acid CH s, 131715

CHh
e
e
or Butanedioic acid
nc
nc
nc
COOH
ie
ie
ie
81.(B)
Sc
Sc
Sc
r
r
ee
ee
ee
O-c0 + PhMgBr Ph-C-OMgBr
(A)
ar
ar
ar
(Dry ice CO
C
C
HOH ia--16go
|
dil. HCI
HH-
Br
PhCOOH+ Mg
B)
OH
e
e
nc
nc
nc
82.(A)G vritast i 971 3On Brgrot taiiiii rea esi 3ronai 9at
ie
ie
ie
Presence of a-Hydrogen is required for aldol condensation.
Sc
Sc
Sc
has no a Hydrogen in it.
Formaldehyde- H--C-H -
r
r
ee
ee
ee
**
83. (A)
ar
ar
ar
acidic nature of benzoic acid
The presence of electron withdrawing groups increases the
nature
C
C
decreases the acidic
whereas electron donating group
ÇOOH ÇOOH ÇOOH
COOH
NO
O NO
e
ce
ce
nc
OMe
NO
LOrthoeffect)
en
en
-R
ie
ci
ci
Sc
isiÇOOH
rS
rS
NO,
ee
ee
ee
Strongest acid:
ar
ar
ar
84.(A)
C
R.CH,OH
RCOOH- B,H, en HO> HO
acid Reduction Alcohol E
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
85. (B)
C
HC-CH-CH,-0-CH H,C-CH,-0-CH,CH :bias oinoie
n-Propyl methyl ether Diethylether
bi 9tott-.i-i
(M.F.C,H,0)
HC-CHCH,CH, -OH
e
e
nc
nc
nc
Butan-1-ol
ie
ie
ie
OH
Sc
Sc
Sc
H,C-C-CH,
r
r
ee
ee
ee
CH
2-Methyl propan-2-ol
ar
ar
ar
C
C
H,C--CH,CH,
Butanone
(MF.CH,0) (
Since, butanone has different molecular formula; it is not isomeric with diethyl
e
e
ether.
nc
nc
nc
86. B)
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc CiabisSEO
-H
O=C=0 HC-CH-MgCI >0=C-CH-CH H,C-CH-C=0 * Mg
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Dry ice Isopropyi magnesiun chloride HOH OH
OH
Tiil7
ar
ar
ar
O1
Isobutynic acd
C
C
87.(A)
COOH
cOOH
+H,C-C-0-C-CH, SO
Acetio Anhydride
oH
+CH C-OH
e
ce
ce
OH oçCH
nc
2-hydroxy benzoic acid S-

en
en
(9oo:fnt
ie
(Salicylic acid) Acetylsalicylie acid

ci
ci
Sc
O
rS
rS
(Aspirin)
88. (B)
ee
ee
ee
Electron withdrawing group like -Cl, increases

ar
ar
ar
acidity of carboxylic acid and pK; value

trichloroacetic acid is very low so stronger
is the acid.
of
C
Order of increasing acidity

ÇI
CH,COOH<CH, -COOH
i ÇI
<Cl-CH-COOH<CI-Ç-coOH
CI
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxyllc
ar
ar
ar
(A)dehydes Acids (333)
and ketones, Ti
m. erfect
C
C Low is the electrophilicof alkyl groups decrease
atom. Lower
character; electrophilic charac
racter of carbonyl
f hydrogen cyanide to form coresponding
er
correspondin lower is is the
cyanohydrin.
reactivity towards
tov addition reaction
90.(A)
C=0 4[H] Zn-Hg,conc.

e
e
HC-CH,+H,O
nc
nc
nc
A
Carbonyl group
Methylene
ie
ie
ie
group
Sc
Sc
Sc
91.(D) rrsrer9
r
r
ee
ee
ee
H.C-CH,--CH,CH, Dry
ar
ar
ar
+CH,MgletherHC-CH,-¢-CH,CH, Hydrolysis
etherH,C-CH,-¢-CH,CH,
C
C
O
Pentan-3-One ÖMgl
e
e
nc
nc
nc
OH OH
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
3-Ethylpentan-3-ol Sc
92.(B)le 133 251in to soi nedi autorg gtiliod 1aigsi svisi abios silzod:s
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Deactivated benzene are not reactive to Friedel-Crafts conditionsi
i
2sAutsd brs
ar
ar
ar
COOH
C
3.ti- Benzoic acid

3,H C
Since
CoOH group is electron withdrawing group it deactivates the benzene towards
e
ce
ce
Friedel-Crafts reaction.
nc
en
en
93.(C)
ie
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
H,C--CH,
ee
ee
ee
Benzyl methyl 2sbii lA

ar
ar
ar
ketone
Numberof 'C
atoms9
C
94.(D)
1
Boiling p
decreases in the following ordereiilia 9d tral(i319 10 i o
ls ketone> aldehyde >ether2i it hasi higher tleboiling point.
iT9 gnwiitit
therefore
ohols 'H' bonding is present,
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
E (334) MHT-CET Exam Questionsi
C
95. (B)
NH
e
e
Pyridinium Chlorochromate
nc
nc
nc
(PCC)
t9.o
ie
ie
ie
96. (D)
Sc
Sc
Sc
Gatterman- Koch formylation of arene:
ÇHO
r
r
ee
ee
ee
CO+HCM
.
ar
ar
ar
Anhyd. AlCl, /CuClL .H
C
C
Benzaldehyde
When vapours of CO and HCI are passed into benzene in the presence of anhydrous
AICl3/CuC, benzaldehyde is obtained.
97.(C)
e
e
Electron withdrawing group increases acidic strength of aromatic carboxylic
nc
nc
nc
acid"
e.g,-NO group, -CHO, - C=Oetc.
HO
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
98. (C)
Sc
Carboxylic acids have higher boiling points than those of alkanes,
ethers, alcohols, aldehydes
r
r
and ketones. In liquid phase carboxylic acid forms dimer, double
ee
ee
ee
the size of the molecule
resulting in increase in intermolecular van der Waals forces.
ar
ar
ar
99. (B)
C
2HC-C-Cl+(CH,CH,),Cdethe
dry
iDT2ether::211r
CH-C-CH, +Cdcl,
C
Acetyl chloride Dibenzyl cadmium
e
ce
ce
nc
1-Phenylpropan - 2- one
en
en
ie
(Benzyl methyl ketone)

ci
ci
Sc
100.(C)
rS
rS
R-C=N + 2H]
>
ee
ee
ee
R-HC=NH - HCI NH,CI+R-CHO

Alkyl cyanides imine hydrochloride
ar
ar
ar
315,89 fgdiot: Aldehyde

101.(D)
C
Since, methoxy (-OCH) group

is electron donating
conjugation is not extended because ring, it activates the ring
withdrawing group stabilize of which structure is not much but
the structure due to resonance.risals stable: Whereas elecuo
alesci:
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Acids (335)
Aldehydes, Ketones & Carboxylic
C
102.(A)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
Thionyi1:f3aite)
ie
ie
ie
O,N
NO
O,N
Sc
Sc
Sc
Chloride
thA1 iotiná f er3, 5-Dintrobenzoyl Chlorideci iih t

r
r
10YA*
ee
ee
ee
103.(D)
ar
ar
ar
C
C
Compounds containing -C-groups are called carbonyl compounds.
HC-CH,OCH,CH, H,C--C
e
e
nc
nc
nc
Ethoxy ethane Acetyi Chloride 1
ie
ie
ie
O
Sc
Sc
Sc
H,C-CH,-C-NH H,OC-C-NH,
Acetamide
r
r
Propanamide
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
-
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
ie
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
13. Amines
C
atoms of ammonia
e
e
Amines: The derivatives of ammonia in which one or more hydrogen are
nc
nc
nc
replaced by alkyl or aryl groups are called amines.
ie
ie
ie
Classification of amines: Amines are classified into primary, secondary and tertiary amine
ines
Sc
Sc
Sc
as
depending upon the number of hydrogen atoms in ammonia replaced by alkyl or aryl groups
shownbelow:
r
r
ee
ee
ee
R
NH R-NH3 NH
RN
ar
ar
ar
ammonia primary R
C
C
amine secondary ámine tertiary amin ftistst zbG
Methods of preparation and the reactions of primary amines:
H
R-X R-NH,X
e
e
eahol
nc
nc
nc
Alyt lid Anmorbu suis
ie
ie
ie
Co NaNO, HC
KOH
Sc
Sc
R-X
Sc R-OH
Co tifiio
r
r
ee
ee
ee
CH,CO0D R-NHCOCH,
R-NHa
ar
ar
ar
R-CN NAccyl arsboes
C
C
R-NH-RB
R-CONH2 candary esnine
B-NO2 B0+H R-X RNX

e
ce
ce
ar H/i anmoeian
Tee ayl
nc
en
en
+OM
ie
-CONH CHC1+KOK
R-N#C
ci
ci
Sc
Hol
rS
rS
CH80-C)
ee
ee
ee
ww.
RSONN-R
ar
ar
ar
supboayl xnido
C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
723-3 Amines (337)
ar
ar
ar
S1ei7E3
Electrophili Aromatic Substitution:
C
NH
Br Br 440)TATH
BT
24.6 tribromounillne
e
e
Br
o 18 i dtoto f
nc
nc
nc
NHCOCH,
ie
ie
ie
(CH, COD
Acetenlide
HO
Sc
Sc
Sc
NH
NH2 NH2 NH
NO 73TI
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Coac. HO, /HSo
ar
ar
ar
NO
NO2
C
C
p-Nitroaniline Nitroaniärre o-Nitrcariine
1 .fr
Conic. HS0
SOH
e
e
cSaphamiicscdk
nc
nc
nc
arene diazonium salts:
ie
ie
ie
Preparation and reactions of
Sc
Sc
Sc
Products
Title of reactionSubstratet,Reagent
r
r
ee
ee
ee
X
CuC1/HC Ar Cl+N2 A
Ar N,
RG:H0HDG
ar
ar
ar
Sandmeyer reaction
Ar-N,X
CuBr/HBr Ar Br+Na
C
C
Ar NX
good yield)
CuCN/KCN Ar CN+N2
Ar-NX
Cu powder Ar Cl+N2
Ar-NgX HCI1
/70
e
ce
ce
Gatterman reaction Cu powder Ar-Br+ N

nc
Ar-N,X HBr
en
en
ie
Ar-I+N21(:RO{)
ci
ci
Sc
Iodoarene00- Ar-N,CI
rS
rS
formationn
oroHaPO2 Ar H+Na +HPO+HCI
ee
ee
ee
Ar-N, C
ar
ar
ar
+
Mild Reduction CH-CH-0H Ar- H+N+CH;CHO HC
C
Ar-N2 Cl
H0
283 K
Ar-OH +N2 tHCI
Phenol formation Ar-N2
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
MHT-CET 2004
NH2
1. The IUPAC name of H,C-CH-CH is
(A) dimethyl amine (B) 2-aminopropane (C)isopropylamine (D)2-propanamine
e
e
nc
nc
nc
2. Primary amine (R NH2) reacts with nitrous acid to give 83
(A)R NHNO, B)ROH ai33(C)ROR (D)None of these
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
MHT-CET 2005
3. Complete the following reaction. R NH +HSO4
r
r
(A)R NH HSO (B) [R NH,]} So? (C)R NH. HSO (D)No reaction
ee
ee
ee
Acetonitrile on reduction gives
ar
ar
ar
(A)propanamine (B)methanamine (C)ethanamine D)none of these
C
C
Reduction
5. CH,Br+ KCN (aC)
Na/C,H,OH
What is Y in the series?
(A)CHCN (B)CHCON C)CaHsNH2 (D)CHNH2
MHT-CET 2006
e
e
nc
nc
nc
6. An organic compound 'A having molecular formula CaHsN on reduction gave another
treatment with nitrous acid "B gave ethyl alcohol.
compound Bupon warming On
ie
ie
ie
with
chloroform and alcoholic KOH, it formed an offensive smelling compound C'.The compound
Sc
Sc
is
Sc
(A)CHCHNH2 B) CH,CH,N= C C)CHc=Nt D)CH,CHOH
r
r
ee
ee
ee
7. The decreasing order of basic characters of the three amines and ammonia is
(A)NH3>CHNH2 CaHsNH2 >CsHsNH2 (B) C2HsNH2>CH3NH2> NH3> CcHNH2
ar
ar
ar
(C)CHNH2 CaHsNH;> CH;NH,> NH (D)CH,NH2 >CaHsNH2 CHNHa> NHs
C
C
MHT-CET 2007
8. Isopropyl amine with excess of acetyl chloride will give
(A)(CH,CO)»N-CH(CH)2 Mg (B) (CH,)CH-N-COCH,
e
ce
ce
H
nc
T
(C)(CH3)2 CHN(COCH)2
en
en
(D) CH,CH,CH,-N-COCH
ie
ci
ci
Sc
9. A mixture of ethyl amine, chloroform and H

rS
rS
alcoholic KOH on heating gives

(A)alkyl cyanide (B) ethyl cyanate
(C)ethylisocyanide (D)ethylisocyanate
ee
ee
ee
MHT-CET 2008
ar
ar
ar
10. On heating benzyl amine with chloroform

and ethanolic KOH, product obtained is
(A)benzyl alcohol (B)benzaldehyde
C
(C)benzonitrile (P)benzylisocyanide
11. When acetamide is treated with Bra and caustic
soda, the product formed isvt toia
(A)N-bromamide.B)bromoacetic.acid.(C)methanamine.(D)ethanamine-
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
MHT-CET 2009 BTHAmines (339)2
ar
ar
ar
C
C
12. Iso-propyl amine is a
(A)primary amine
amine
)Secondary amine (C) tertiary amine
13.The compound that forms a (D)quarternary amine
yellow oily liquid
(A)2-methyl aniline with nitrous acidis
8) methyl amine
(C)benzyl amine (D) diethyl amine
e
e
14. In the following reaction sequence,
nc
nc
nc
Ethyl amine
A- B-NH_C
ie
ie
ie
(AJCHGNH2
6)C2HSNH2i far (C)CHCH= NH
Sc
Sc
Sc
D)(CH:)»NH
MHT-CET 2010
r
r
15.N-ethyl-N-methylpropan-1-amine
ee
ee
ee
is
(A)1° amine B)2° amine
ar
ar
ar
(C) 3° amine D)4° amine
C
C
MHT-CET 2011
16. In the following sequence of reactions:
CH,-CH-CH, HNO2 A-Oxidation B 0Ci,Mgl C

uzni ei O11gtThto
(i) H*/H20
NH2
e
e
nc
nc
nc
The compound C formed will be
ie
ie
ie
(A) butanol-1 3sB)butanol-2i si oity sii tihi.
(C)2-methylpropanol-1
Sc
Sc
D)2-methylpropan-2-ol.i Sc
MHT-CET 2012
s
r
r
17. Which of the following is the strongest base?
ee
ee
ee
(A)CHsNH2 (B) CH3NH2 (C) NH3 D)CH CONH2
ar
ar
ar
MHT-CET 2014
C
C
18. An organic compound X having molecular formula CHIN reacts with p-toluene sulphonyl
aqueous KOH. Compound X is optically active
chloride to form a compoundY that is soluble in
the compound Z.
and reacts with acetyl chloride to form compound Z. Identify
2 290T
(B) CH,CH,C HNHCOCHi ioiA)
yt:dzmiH.Fs
(A) CH,CH, CH,CH,NHCOCH,s-dt
e
ce
ce
nc
CH iilttisse sasNoned )
en
en
.8E
4t senlt
ie
D) CH, -C-NHCOCH,
ci
ci
(C) CH, CHCH,NHCOCH, AY

Sc
rS
rS
folloWing series of reactions, i A

ee
ee
ee
9. Identify the alkene that is produced in the

ar
ar
ar
Alkene + tert. amine * 2ir a-liA)

C
Molstx
N(CHala
(C) (D)
A)
(A) (B)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
MHT-CET 2015
C
20. Which of the following is the most stable diazonium salt?
(A) CH,CH,NX B) CH,N;x
(C) CH,CH,NZX* D) CH,N;XTA)
MHT-CET 2016
21. Select the compound which on treatment with nitrous acid liberates nitrogen.
e
e
(A)Nitroethane (B)Triethylamine C)Diethylamine )Ethylamine
A
nc
nc
nc
MHT-CET 2017
ie
ie
ie
22. In case of substituted aniline the group which decreases the basic strength
is 79tA)
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A)-OCH (B)-CH (C)-NH2 (D)-CcHs T30-1Hi
23. Which of the following statements is incorrect in case Hofmann
r
r
of bromamide degradation?
ee
ee
ee
(A) Reaction is useful for decreasing length of carbon chain
by one carbon atom+A
(B) It gives tertiary amine
ar
ar
ar
(C) It gives primary amine
C
C
D) Aqueous KOH is used with bromine
24. The amine which reacts with p-toluenesulphonyl
chloride to give a clear solution which on
acidification gives insoluble compound is-
(A)CaHsNH2 (B)(CHs)2NH (CHs)3N
H
(D)CH3NHC2Hs
H
e
e
MHT-CET 2018
nc
nc
nc
25.Identify the product 'C' in the following reaction.
ie
ie
ie
AnilineCH%CO)% 0- A B H'or OHc
Sc
Sc
Pyridine CHCOOHH Sc
(A)Acetanilide (B)p-Bromoacetanilide
(Op-Bromoaniline jjrt sdt3o tiii.T
r
r
(D)o-Bromoaniline
ee
ee
ee
MHT-CET 2019
F0 T)-TH
ar
ar
ar
26. Identify the amine formed when ethyltrimethyl ammonium
C
C
hydroxide and further heated sirongiy. iodide is treated with silverT
(A)CH3NH B)CHs(CHs)2 (C)(CH)N (D)CaHsNH2

27. Hinsberg's reagent is
(A) sodium benzene sulphonate (B)benzene sulphonic acid).H,HO IA
(C) benezene sulphonyl chloride (D)benzene sulphonamide H
e
ce
ce
nc
28. How many primary amines are possible for molecular formula
CaH,N?
en
en
(A)4 (B)2 (C1

ie
D)3
ci
ci
29. Which among the following amines has highest boiling

Sc
point?
rS
rS
(A)(CHs>NH ao iG 2ozer zniyi li (B) CHly-CH2-CH2-CH, NH2

(C)(CH3)3 C NH2 (D)CaHsNCH3)2
vîisoid,
ee
ee
ee
30. The reduction of alkylcyanide with sodium

and ethanol to give primary amines is,
(A) Stephen reduction
ar
ar
ar
fTE
) (B) Rosenmund reduction
(C) Clemmensen reduction
(D) Mendius reduction
C
31. Aniline when heated with chloroform

and alcoholic potassium hydroxide form
(A) Benzyl alcohol
(C) Pheno (B) Phenyl isocyanide
(D) Chlorobenzene
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
32. Tertiary butyl bromide on
reaction with
C
(A)N,N-dimethylethanamine alcoholic 3 aT34TI Amines (341)
ammoniaggives
(C)2-methyipropan-l-amine nia
(B)tert-butylaminei lot 3 n do
33.1Replacement of
diazo group by Cl (D) 2-methylprop-1-ene 1131
(A)Swarts reaction using cuprous chloride
is known asolioi
(C) Reimer -Tiemann reaction i t t2
e
e
B) Sandmeyer's
r- reactionteib9f
nc
nc
nc
MHT-CET 2020 (D)Wurtz reaction
ie
ie
ie
34. When alkyl halide is boiled with
large excess
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A) secondary amine of alcoholic ammonia it forms
(C)primary amine (B) tertiary amine
r
r
(D)quaternary ammonium
ee
ee
ee
35. Which of the following sal oto9
reactions does NOT yield
an amine?
ar
ar
ar
(A) R-CN+H,0F (B) R-X+NH3(alco)
C
C
r (C) R-CH=NOH Na
CaHgOH Sn/conc.HCI
9
36.TUPAC name of benzylamine is
(A)benzenamine D SiintsGt :} (B) phenylmethanamine7ET T.
(C)Phenylethanamine
e
e
i7 e (D)N-methylbenzenamine
nc
nc
nc
37. Which of the following compounds is obtained when quaternary
ammonium hydroxide is
s
ie
ie
ie
stronglyheated? naiEie bhi ggo iw
(A)Alkyne (B) Amide (C) Alkene
Sc
Sc
Sc
D)Alkane1A
38. Which of the following is a Gattermann reaction?
r
r
(A) ATNZX
ee
ee
ee
(B) APNX Arl+Na T+KX
ar
ar
ar
T C) ArNX*. HBE4ArN;BF
C
C
ArF tN2 TBR: ash aaq
si titusbt
T Tobrrotb
D) ArNtXx--Cu/BrArBr+N
1s correct for amines?
Which among the following decreasing order, of boiling points
(A)n-Butylamine> Ethyl dimethylamine> Diethylamine
dimethylamine
5)n-Butylamine> Diethylamine> Ethyl
e
ce
ce
nc
n-Butylamine
Diethylamine> Ethyl dimethylamine>
() ae
en
en
dimenthylamine>Diethylamine >n-Butylamine
satteoy aNd
ie
DEthyl
ci
ci
alkylamine is
aqueou phase the órder of basic strength of
Sc
40. In
aqueous
rS
rS
NHs
(CH3)3N> CH3NH2
CHNH>
5)(CH3)NH> CHNH2>(CHs)JN>
NH3
ee
ee
ee
NHs
((CH)3N> (CH:)NH> CH3NH2>NHs
> NF3 tun
ar
ar
ar
D)CH,NH,> (CH:)»NH> (CHs)sN

reaction
C
41. Identif
product B in followingT+
AcetanilideoncH,SO4
conc.H2SO4, or OH (} (B)p-Nitroanilinett tk # o(O}
A)o-Nitroacetanilide (D)Aniline
(C)Nitrobenzene
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
42. Which of the followingg compounds has highest boiling point? shuetcoet ieud s
viir
C
ap
(A)CHCH)2CH,OH (B)CaH,CH(CH3)2 ifell trty,itn
(C) CH(CH)2CH;NH rrs (D)(CH$)»NH
43. Among the following isomeric amines, an amine having highest boiling point is
(A)ethyldimethylamine (B) tert-butylamine
(C)diethylamine p (D)n-butylamine
e
e
nc
nc
nc
44. Which of the following reaction does NOT involve replacement of diazonium group?
(A)Reaction with cuprous chloride in HCI e
ie
ie
ie
tlir boio ei tl'toln netf
(B) Reaction with aniline
Sc
Sc
Sc
(C)Reaction with potassium iodide
(D)Reaction with hypophosphorus acid
r
r
ee
ee
ee
*45. Benzene diazonium chloride on reaction with aniline in mild alkaline medium forms
(A) orange dye (B) red dye (C) yellow dye (D) blue dye 4)
ar
ar
ar
*46. Formation of p-hydroxyazobenzene from benzene diazonium chloride
and phenol in mild
C
C
alkaline medium is a
(A) nucleophilic substitution (B) electrophilic addition'o sms
(C) electrophilic substitution (D) nucleophilic additionm
A 3
nsdtA
47. Which of the following amines cannot be prepared by Gabriel phthalimide
synthesis?
(A) Isopropylamine (B) Ethylamine (C) sec-Butylamine .D) Aniline
e
e
nc
nc
nc
48. Which of the following reagents is used in Hoffmann elimination
reaction of amines?
(A) CHClg +KOH
B) CHCoCIA
ie
ie
ie
C)Ag:O/H20, A ) NaNO2 +HCI
oi
Sc
Sc
49. Which of the following does NOT give carbylamine test?A

Sc
(A) Ethylamine (B) Isopropylamine A
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(C) sec-butylamine D) Dimethylamine
50.Identify the product obtained when benzamide treated with bromine
ar
ar
ar
hydroxide?
is and aqueous sodium
C
C
(A) Aniline B) Phenol (C) Benzyl alcohol (D) Bromobenzene
51. Tdentify the product "A' in the following reaction.
AnilineCHCo),oA
h
gntts
A
Pyridine
(A) Acentanilide
2 -(B) Sulphanilic acid nimlvioi(D
e
ce
ce
(C) Benzenediazonium chloride (D) p-nitroacentanilide

nc
en
en
52. Alkyl cyanides on reduction by sodium and ethanol give

primary amines. The reaction is called
ie
as
ci
ci
Sc
(A) Wolff-Kishner reduction B) Hell-Vohlard-Zelinsky reaction

rS
rS
(C) Clemmensen reduction (D) Mendius reduction

53. Identify compound 'B' in following
ee
ee
ee
series of reactions,
AcetonitrileNa/alcobolA- NaNO2ldil.HCIR 10 t )
ar
ar
ar
(AJNitroethane (B) Ethyl chloride (C) Ethyl amine (D)Ethylalcohol

C
54. Which of the following reaction

(A)Reaction with dilute sulphuricof
diazonium salt involves retention
acid of diazonium group ?
(C)Reaction with phenol (B)Reaction with phosphinic acid
i-g{ti (D)Reaction with HCI and
Cu powder
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
nzene 219io
C
55. Benzenediazonium cnloride on 1n8x T TAmines (343)
(A)phenol reaction with
(B) benzene ethanol formswoiloi ott
(C) nitrobenzene
t t
(D)aniline
6. Which of the folowing groups }
increases the
(A)-OCH (B)-NO2 basic strength of substituted aniline?
E7. How many primary amines are 10 (C)-SO (D)-CN 1
possible for
e
e
(A)3 (B)2 the formula CAH1N?
nc
nc
nc
(C)4 (D)1
8. The end product C of the following reaction
ie
ie
ie
is
CH NH A RNH alcoholC
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A) Chloroethane (B) Ethanaminenui (C) Nitroethane (D)Ethanol
o
r
r
59. Which of the following amines is most basic
ee
ee
ee
iiori
(A)Trimethylamine (B) Dimethylamine in nature in aqueous phase?
(C)Ammonia (D)Methylamine
ar
ar
ar
60. What is the name of reaction involving
replacement of diazonium group by chloride using
C
C
cuprous () salt?
(A)Wolf-Kishner reduction
(B) Friedel Craft's
(C) Balz Schiemann reaction reaction/.iA
D) Sandmeyer's reaction
61. Which irlooicis
of the following reagents
b
used in Mendius reduction reaction of alkyl cyanide?
(A)Na/CaHsOH (B) Sn/HCI
e
e
C) Na-Hg/H20 (D)LiAIH/Ether
nc
nc
nc
62. The reaction
in which copper () salt is used to replace nitrogen in diazonium salt is called,
(A)Gattermann reaction B) Hoffmann elimination ze
ie
ie
ie
C)Sandmeyer reaction D)Balz-Schiemann reaction
Sc
Sc
Sc
63. Which of the following amines forms a clear solution when treated with benzene sulphonyl
r
r
chloride and excess of potassium hydroxide? H
ee
ee
ee
A) CH,NH, (B) (CH,)NC,Hs 9CH3), NH D(CHN
ar
ar
ar
64. Which
of the following type of amines is obtained by alkylation of phthalimide?
C
C
(A)R-NH-R (B)R-NH2 (C)Ar- NH D)RN
65. IUPAC
id8
name of CH;N(CaHs)» is
(A) N, N-diethylmethanamine (B) N-methyldiethanamine
(C) N-ethyl-N-methylethanamine (D)N-methylethanamine
e
ce
ce
b6 In the following reaction the reagent A 1s, in

nc
Ar-F4+BR+N, T
en
en
NX-A>Ar-N,*BF;
ie
(C) hydrofluoric acid (D) boria acid

(B) fluoroboric acid
ci
ci
4) borontrifluoride
Sc
which decreases the basio strength is stU

rS
rS
67.In case
ase
(A)-NH2
of substituted aniline the group
(B)-OCH (C)- NO2
aDCH
ee
ee
ee
ldentify reagent 'A' in following conversion?

4-nitroso-N-N-dimethylaniline
ar
ar
ar
N-N Dimethyl aniline

imethyl 7278K
aniline213-278K
Hydrochloric ncid
acid (C) Nitric acid (D) Sulphuric acid
C
A) Nitrous acid (B) substituted aniline?

mcreases the basic strength in substituted
69.Which
grov following increases the basic - SO3 in aniline?di
(A) up from (C) (D)-CNitoitliA)
(A)-NO2 tiB)-OCH7T1 hetarn!')
9i
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
70. Which among the following compounds has lowest boiling point
?
inosa
C
(A) nCaHNH2 (B) (C.H¢)»NH (C) (CHs)%CNH2 D) C;H; CH(CH)2
71. Identify the product obtained when chlorobenzene is heated with ammonia and CuzO at 473 KR
under pressure.
(A) Aniline (B) Benzenediazonium chloride
(C) Benzene (D)Benzaldehyde
e
e
72. Identify the products obtained by nitration of aniline in strongly acidic medium.
nc
nc
nc
(A) o-nitroaniline and m-nitroaniline (B) p-nitroaniline and o-nitroaniline
ie
ie
ie
(C)m-nitroaniline and p-nitroaniline D) 0-nitroaniline, m-nitroaniline and p-nitroaniline
Sc
Sc
Sc
73. Which of the following compounds is obtained on heating primary amine with chloroform and
alcoholic potassium hydroxide?
.
(B) Alkyl isocyanide otto fajf .0
r
r
(A) Amide
ee
ee
ee
(C) Akyl cyanide (D) Alkene 313127ihar
ar
ar
ar
74. Identify product B in following reaction. 19 72 OI!959 16 R16i
C
C
CH,N X ANao>B
(A) CH,NO; (B) CcHCOONa C)CoHsF D) CoHNH2
75. When propanamide is treated with bromine and alcoholic NaOH, it gives
(A)Propan-2-amine (B) Ethanamine (C) Propan-1-amine (D) Methanamine
76. Which among the following cannot be prepared by ammonolysis of alkyl halide?
e
e
nc
nc
nc
(A)Propan-1-amine (B) Ethanamine 9
(2-methylpropan-2-amine: i( D)Propan-2-amine 6srD(
ie
ie
, ie
77. Which among the following is a Gatterman reaction?
Sc
Sc
39(A) CH,N,C1
Sc
C,H,CI+N, Tai 211t t 9 iii
(B) CH,N,CI oC,H,OH +N, 1+ HCI P40 kst 7* 2809 chrroi:
r
r
i
ee
ee
ee
()CH,N,CI CH,-1+N, t+KCI 8
BRDiAY
ar
ar
ar
D) CHN,CI ECCH,CI+ N, T
C
C
78. Which among the following compounds is obtained when diethyl
amine reacts with benzene
sulphonyl chloride?
(A)N-Ethyl benzene sulphonyl chloride
(B)N-Nitroso-N-methylaniline
(C)Phenyl isocyanide
e
ce
ce
(D)N,N-Diethyl benzene sulphonyl amide

nc
en
en
79. Which of the following amines liberates nitrogen gas

when treated with nitrous acid?
ie
(A) (CH;),NH: ) (B) (CH;)%CHNH2 (C) CHsNH2 8(D)CH,NH,

ci
ci
Sc
80. What is the product obtained in the following

rS
rS
reaction?fili olarninadus ta seh ti.

NaND2/HC
ee
ee
ee
273-278K
ar
ar
ar
(A) Benzene diazonium chloride

(B) Sodium phenoxide
C
(C)Nitrobenzene (D) Chlorobenzene

81. What is the product obtained
when ethylamine is heated with large
(A)Diethyl amine excess of ethyl iodide?
(C) Ethyl methyl amine (B)Tetraethyl ammonium iodide
D)Triethyl amine
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
sich of the following
82. Which
amine is citrsu i iric
C
(A)2,4-Dimethylanilin most basic Amines (345)
in nature?
(C)2,4-D1chloroaniline
(B)2,4-Dinitroaniline
3. Which of the:following (D)2,4-Dibromoaniline
amines
A)Sec-propyl amine nes cannot not be
be pre
prepared by Gabriel
(C)N-methyl benzyl phthalimide synthesis?
amine OB)tert-butylamine
e
e
R4, Which of (D)2 phenyl ethyl
nc
nc
nc
the folowing compound amine
(A)n- Propylamine does NOT give Hoffmann's El (
carbylamine test?
ie
ie
ie
(C)Dimethyl amine (B) Ethylamine
Sc
Sc
Sc
85. Which of the
folowing on heating (D)sec-Butyl amine
carbylamine? with chloroform and alcoholic
potassium hydroxide
r
r
(A) Phenylmethanamine yields
ee
ee
ee
(C)N, N-Dimethylbenzenamine (B) N-Methylethanaminerso1€f-q
ar
ar
ar
(D) N-Phenylaniline (5)
86. Nitrogen atom in amines
(A) sp hybridised(B)
is bt 3nA
C
C
dsp hybridised
87. When
(C)sp hybridised(D) sp
hybridised
propanamide is treated
formed is with bromine" and aqueous sodium hydroxide,
the compound
(A) 1-propanamine
(B) ethanamine (C)bromopropane
88. Aniline reacts
with bromine water at room temperature D) propene
e
e
(A)2,4,6 -Tribromoaniline to give
nc
nc
nc
(B)2-Bromoaniline
(C)4-Bromoaniline (D)3
Bromoaniline
-
ie
ie
ie
*89. What is the product X obtained
in the following reaction?
Sc
Sc
CgHNC1 )HBF4, i) NaNO2/

Sc
X+N2 tNaBF4tteT t 2Hi 9Nri
(A)CcH,CI n(C)CHSNO2
r
r
(B) CHsF D)CsHsNH2
ee
ee
ee
90. Molecular
formula C2HN represents
4
(A)only 1° amine
ar
ar
ar
(B) only 2° amine
(C)1° amine and 2° amine (D)2° amine and 3° amine"1*
C
C
. 2240
9T
Identify compound 'A' in the following reaction.
A-0HNO2+HCI 273K +Na T +HCI

e
ce
ce
(i)H20, dil.H2SO4
nc
. A)Aniline (B) Benzene (C) Cumene

si (D)Chlorobenzene
en
en
ie
Identify product B in following reactiOn.

ci
ci
Sc
AnilineNaNO2A B
rS
rS
HCI
A) Nitrobenzene (B) Benzyl iodide (C)lodobenzene (D)Benzenediazonium iodide
ee
ee
ee
93. decreases the basic strength in substituted aniline2

nich group from following
(B)-OCH (C)-CH (D)-CH
A)-NH2
ar
ar
ar
94. Identify following reaction.

C
compound A in
CH,N(CH,),OH A+(CH,), N+H,O
0,i (c) CH,CH,OH D) CH=CH
(A) CaHNH2 B) CHCH
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
95. Identify the product Bin followingreaction. suir giofsci snls tott.
C
ei t0
AcetonitrileNacinanoiA NaNO2B
HC
(A) Sodium methanoate (B)Sodium ethanoate

(C)Ethanamineiilnig ici1d i (D) Ethanol yTU 81
i to Hoid ?R
oriist iyrjont-2()
96. Aniline on reaction with Bromine water at room temperature gives
Tribromoaniline1art-{3
e
e
(A) m-Bromoaniline (B)2, 4, 6-
nc
nc
nc
(C)p-Bromoaniline d 8 D)o- Bromoaniline
1 gd te dani t k
ie
ie
ie
97. Identify 'A' and 'B' in following reaction respectively.
Sc
Sc
Sc
H*
eisisy sliAcetanilide S
acetic acid A OH
br
Bi thiv yetibsiard
it 2rniolini oi o a1
r
r
(A) 4-Bromoaniline and 4-Bromoacetanilide
ee
ee
ee
(B)p-Bromoacetanilide and p-Bromoaniline
(C) Aniline and p-Bromoacetanilide" iFraii2 i(i-f,{
ar
ar
ar
(D)Aniline and p-Bromoaniline
C
C
SOLUTIONS
1. (D)
NH,
fi8rooitd
e
e
nc
nc
nc
CH-CH-CH
2-propanamine
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
2. (B) Sc
1° aliphatic amines on reaction with HNO2, form alcohol and evolve N. J, Vi zt
r
r
R NH 4HONO NaNO2H ROH + N, + HCI
ee
ee
ee
3. (B)
ar
ar
ar
Bases react with acid to form salt.is
C
C
Amines are basic in nature LOilots7prolioi st A tnoo ytiebl.1
It forms salt on reaction with H2SO4
2R NH +H2SO4 [R NH31 SO
e
ce
ce
ib.t)
4. (C)
nc
en
en
Cyanides on reduction give 1° amine.

ie
it 12Woiot intl sbo tinsbi .se

ci
ci
CH,CN RedudtionCH CHNHH2

Sc
LiAlHA
rS
rS
Acetonitrile Ethyl amine

or ethanamine
rithoi (O)
ee
ee
ee
5. (C)
CH,Br
9
gCN(alc) f: ti/ Na-CalHOHCH,CH2NH2,)
CHCN
ar
ar
ar
Methyl bromide Methyl cyanide Bthyl amine

C
6. (B)
C,HO
() Proceed back with known compound OHsOH. ';
i1 H.3
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
1 amine on reaction with HNO2 gives er1ite rN T7T Amines (347)
C
1° alcohol.
_CN
CH3-C=NReduction
CH CH,NH,ONOCHCH,OH
Methyl cyanide
Ethanamine
(A) Ethanol
(8)
CHCh,KOH,CH,CH,N=C
CHCH NH2
e
e
H
nc
nc
nc
(B) Bthyl isocyanide
(C) 3 ttt
ie
ie
ie
1. (B)
Sc
Sc
Sc
) Electron donors are bases.
r
r
Git) Blectron withdraWing groups (e.g. benzyl) decrease
ee
ee
ee
the basicity of amines.
git) Electron donating groups (e.g. alkyl) increases
ar
ar
ar
the acidity of amines.
The correct order of basicity of amines is
C
C
CaHsNH2> CHNH2> NH3> CH,NH2
8. (C)
(CH),CH-NH2 +2CH,COCI (CH) CH-N(COCH3)2diae sSTE

e
e
-HCI
nc
nc
nc
Iso-Propyl amine Tert. aminne
pri amine)
ie
ie
ie
9. (D)
Sc
Sc
Sc
CHsNH2+CHCl +3KOH
(Alcoholic)
CHsNC +3KCl+2H,0Itis carbylamine reaction.
Ethyl amine
r
r
ee
ee
ee
10.(D)
ar
ar
ar
t 1s carbylamine reaction.
CHNC
C
C
CH,NH,
CHCl
KOH,
C2H5OH
Benzyl isocyanide
Benzyl amine
T1 ea Carbylamine reaction (test for
1 amine)
e
ce
ce
nc
1 (C)
coTesponding primary amines. Thus
caustic soda to gve ner
en
en
Amdes react with bromine and bromamide degradation reaction.

is known as Hofmann's
ie
This reaction
etamide gives methanamine,
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
2KBr+K2C0+HC-NH2+2H,0 2
H3C-C-NH, +Br +4KOH Methanamino
ee
ee
ee
Acelemide
12.
(A)
ar
ar
ar
The tructure iso-propyl amine is

C
of
CH-CH-CH
NH
t is a primary
amine.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
13. (D)
Secondary amines (-NH group containing amines) when reacts with nitrous acid (HNO), a
yellow oily nitroso compound is formed.
NH CH,NH,
CH
[O]
e
e
(A) | B) CHNH2 (D) (C^H;), NH
nc
nc
nc
methyl amine Diethyl amine
(1 amine) (2 amine)
ie
ie
ie
2-methyl aniline (benzyl amine) 1° amine
Sc
Sc
Sc
(1 amine)
Hence, only diethyl amine forms a yellow oily liquid with HNO2.
1 grt pb-iru nert of tin
r
r
(Cs)2NH + HNO2 (C>H),N-N==O
ee
ee
ee
Diethyi amine E ta0) gritonob rot10o1
vih Nnitosodiethylamine
(yellow oity liquid)
gir f
ar
ar
ar
14. (B)
C
C
CHNH2 HNO2C,HOH C2HsCl NH
-HCI
CHNH2 .11
Ethyl amine Ethanol Ethyl chlonide Ethyl amine
-HCI
A B C
15. (C)
The structure of N-ethyl-N-methyl propan-1-amine is
CH
e
e
CH,CHCH,
nc
nc
nc
CH
ie
ie
ie
Since, in this compound, the three valencies of nitrogen are satisfied by three different alky!
Sc
Sc
groups, it is a 3° amine.
Sc
r
r
16. (D)
ee
ee
ee
CH-CH-CH CH-CH-CH CH-C-CH- ) CHMgl
(CH,cOH
ar
ar
ar
2-me thyipropan-2-ol
NH2 OH
C
C
A B
17.(B)
Basic nature of amine is due to the presence of lone pair of electrons on nitrogen atom which is
available for the bond formation with Lewis acid. Due to +I effect of-CHs group, CHNH; is
the strongest base.
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
t18. (B)
ie
Since, X (CaH11N) reacts with p-toluene sulphonyl chloride (Hinsberg reagent) to form a
ci
ci
compound which is soluble in KOH, therefore X must be a primary amine.

Sc
H
rS
rS
H CH ÇH
ee
ee
ee
CsH,SO C+H-N-¢-CH-CHHCCH,SO,-N-Ç-CH-CH ACT

ar
ar
ar
H A
C
(Soluble in KOH)
CH3-CH2-CH-N-H+CICOCH CH3-CH2-CH-NHCOCH3
X
Z
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
19.(8) r:itet:2 f T12-Amines (349)
C
Quarternary ammoniu salts
ammonium hydroxi
of alkyl amines,
On strong heating, when react.
acts with silver oxide yield quarternary
reaction is known as it decompe
mposes into alkene, tert. amine and water. This
Hofmann elimination reaction,
B-carbon having more Here, elimination of H takes place from
hydrogen atoms.
CH
e
e
2CH-CH2-CH2-CH-CH2-N(CH,),I
nc
nc
nc
+Ag,O +H,0-
ie
ie
ie
2CH-CH2-CH2-CH-CH2-N(CH,),
Sc
Sc
Sc
OH+2Agl (.E
r
r
CH-CH2-CH-CH-CH2-N(CH,)OH"A
ee
ee
ee
cH,
- iai
ar
ar
ar
CH-CH-CH2-C=CH2+N-CH+H0 H t ),H
C
C
CH eenaxs)iad
20. D)
Compounds containing -N2 Xgroup are called diazonium salts. Aliphatic diazoníum salts
e
e
R-N2X are very unstable and not isolated whereas aromatic diazonium salts are stable at low
nc
nc
nc
temperature.
ie
ie
ie
21.(D)
.
Sc
Sc
Nitrous
acidNitrogen T. Only Ethylamine is primary amine here.
1/primary amines
Sc
CHCHNHa+HNO2> CH,CH,OH+H;0+Na
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Ethyl amine Ethanol
22.(D)
ar
ar
ar
-CgHs is electron withdrawing group.
C
C
23.B)
It is used to obtain primary amine.
24.(A)
compound T
Tamine gives clear solution which on acidification gives insoluble
e
ce
ce
25. (C)
nc
en
en
N :215ite- og NH-CHfio, 1to t NH-CH O

ie
N
ci
ci
or
Sc
Br
CH,CO),0 OFO]
rS
rS
Pyridine OH|
ee
ee
ee
'B
ar
ar
ar
p-Bromoaniline
C
26. (C)
ÇH3 H +H,C=CH, +H,O 3afiond o 910 s:
,C-CH-N-CHoAON-CH,
CH3
H3
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
27. (C)
C
28.(B)
5CaHoN
CH,-CH2CH-NH2
Primary amine
CH- CH -CH,
NH2
e
e
nc
nc
nc
29. (B) 30. (D)
31. (B)
ie
ie
ie
Carbylamine reaction H :HH
Sc
Sc
Sc
32. (D) 33. (B)
r
r
34. (C)
ee
ee
ee
R-X + NH, (alc.)- R-NH, + HX
ar
ar
ar
Alkyl halide (excess) Primary aminee
C
C
35. (A)
OH {d0
i,:3 R-CN+ H=OH R-c=NH {-R--NH,#OR-éOH +NH,
Acid amide
nbat Carbosylic ci
e
e
(NH+HCi NH CI)D S "E
nc
nc
nc
Or the final equation becomes
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
1 1 :I1ISK)
RCN+24,0++HCI
Sc
R--OH+ NH,CI
0-HD;H)-
Alkyl cyunid Carboxylie acid MiHV
r
r
36. (B) 2f7922i!
ee
ee
ee
ÇH,-NH,
ar
ar
ar
C
C
().
Common name Benzylamine

IUPAC name Phenylmethanamine
e
ce
ce
37. (C)
nc
en
en
Quaternary ammonium hydroxides on strong

heating undergo B-elimination to give anaukc
ie
the reaction is called Hoffmann elimination.

ci
ci
Sc
38. (D)
rS
rS
In Gattermann reaction, chlorine or bromine can be introduced ng the

ee
ee
ee
arene diazonium salt solution in the arene ring by treau

with corresponding halogen copper
powder. acid in the presence of
ar
ar
ar
Ar-NX Cu+HX
C
(X=CI, Br) Ar-X+N2

39. (B) 3t
The order of boiling point of
amines is as follows: Primary
40. (B) >Secondary> Tertiary
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
T TAmines (351)
41.(B)
NHCOCH, NHCOCH
NH
conc.HNO
e
e
H*
nc
nc
nc
conc.HS04 or OH
ie
ie
ie
Acetanilide
NO
Sc
Sc
Sc
NO,
p- Nitroacetanilide
P- nitroaniline
r
r
(A)
ee
ee
ee
(B)
42.(A)
O07,D
ar
ar
ar
Boiling point of alcohol is higher than alkane and amines
of comparable mass.
C
C
43.(D)
The order of boiling point of isomeric amines is ntm
Primary amine> Secondary amine> Tertiary amine
T le(It is based on intermolecular forces in them) 9 yi
issnstdo sd rse 9isTEH
e
e
44. (B)
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
-NNCr,H NH,OH -N=N -NH+: HCI yA
Sc
Sc
Benzendiazonium Aniline p-Aminoazobezene

Sc
chloride (yellow dye)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
45.(C) alnititio07A
ar
ar
ar
46.(C)
C
C
This is an example of electrophilic substitution reaction.
47.(D)
this method.
Aromatic primary amines cannot.be prepared by
48. (C)
e
ce
ce
Oxide, it gives quaternary

When tetraalkylammonium halide 1s heatea with moiSt Silver
nc
undergoes -elimination to give alkenes; the

ammonium hydroxide which on strong heating
en
en
Teaction is called Hoffmann elimination. .In this, reaction the major product is least substituted
ie
ci
ci
alkene.
e8
Sc
CH
rS
rS
CH ltSibrioxiot
CH-N*-CH-CH, OH+Agl
CH-N-CH,CH, +AgoH
CH
ee
ee
ee
CH
Eayi trimetyi amoonm soalae
.,
Bthy trtmustyl ammonlum bydrosdef9aBT n ro9niqs
ar
ar
ar
CH
CH,=CH, +(CH,),N+H,0 HJ
CH-N-CH-CH,JOH
C
Etryleno0trhmeuyi amine
CH sbitol
49. D) A)
tThisreaction is shown by only primary amines,

gifGTE
Ht:Sler to17ois zi HO
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
50. (A)
rNH
NH, +Br + 4NaOHHeat +2NaBr +Na,cOg +2H,O
Anillne
Benzamide
e
e
51. (A)
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
NH2 HN--CH,
Sc
Sc
Sc
(CHCO),0
r
r
n Pyridine to CH,COODH
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Aniline Acetanilide
C
C
52. (D)
Primary amines can be obtained by the reduction of alkyl cyanide. with sodium and ethanol. This
is known as Mendius reduction.
R-C=N +4[H]a/ CO=R-CH,-NH,

e
e
Alkyl cyanide Primary amine
nc
nc
nc
53. (D)
ie
ie
ie
CH,-C=N+4[H] Na/alcohol CH,-CH,- NH,
Sc
Sc
Sc
Acetonitirile Ethyl amine
r
r
ee
ee
ee
NaNO, dil.HClo slanszo 75, i 2irit
ar
ar
ar
C
C
A CH,-CH=OH+H,0+N, T ToA
Ethyl alcohol
T54.(C) 3DI0vii 310 ti issti t abii minitilssTS
e
ce
ce
-N=NCI+H- OH OH -N=N-OH+ OH+ HCI

nc
en
en
Benzendiazonium Phenol
ie
P-Hydroxyazobenzene (orange dye)

chloride
ci
ci
Sc
55. (B) , 1F
rS
rS
Replacement of diazonium group by hydrogen.

ee
ee
ee
CH,N,CI +CH,CH,OH CH+CH,CHO+HCI+N,t

Benzene diazonuium
Benzene
ar
ar
ar
Chloride
56. (A)
C
O13 electron releasing group and hence increases the basio strength of substituted aniline.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
(353)
H"Amines
C
57. (C)
Butan 1
amine
NH
CH,-CH-CH,-CH
e
e
i.
nc
nc
nc
Butan 2-amine
ie
ie
ie
ii. CH-CH-CH, -NH,
Sc
Sc
Sc
CH
r
r
ee
ee
ee
2-Methylpropan - 1- amine
ar
ar
ar
NH,
C
C
iv. CH,-C-CH,
CH
2- Methylpropan - 2- amine
4 primary amines are possible for formula CaHiuNgu gaii8 riosoi s2i t
e
e
nc
nc
nc
58.B)
HNO,C,H,OH- PCCH,Cl- NH H, NH,
C,H,NH,
ie
ie
ie
C,HNH- alcohol
Sc
Sc
Ethanamine Ethanol Chloroethane

Sc
Ethanamine
(A) B)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
59. (B) A8T- *
Secondary amine is most basic in aqueous solution.

ar
ar
ar
60.(D)
C
C
Sandmeyer's reaction A
ArN. X CuC1/ HCL Ar-Cl+N,T
61. (A)
reduction with Na in ethanolgives primary amines.
Mendius reaction-Nitriles on
e
ce
ce
Na/ethanolR-CH,- NH,
nc
R-C=NN +4[H] 1° amine

en
en
Alkyl cyanide
ie
ci
ci
Sc
Sandmeyer's reactioon
rS
rS
CuC/HCI
-cl+ Nt
ee
ee
ee
Chlorobenzene
ar
ar
ar
CuBr/HBr
-Br+ NaEt
C
-NCI
Bromobenzene
Benzenediazonlum
chloride CuCN/KCN
CN+ Nt
Benzonltrile
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
63. (A)
C
Primary amine when treated with benzene sulphonyl chloridei and excess of potassi,sium
hydroxide forms a clear solution.
64. (B)
Only aliphatic primary amine is obtained by alkylation of phthalimide.
H
e
e
65. (C)
nc
nc
nc
CHN(CHs)2 : N-ethyl-N-methylethanamine
ie
ie
ie
66. (B)
Sc
Sc
Sc
ArNX HBFArN;BF; >ArF+BF +N, T
A HBF- Fluoroboric acid.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
67. (C)
ar
ar
ar
NH, ,H
C
C
NH, is +R effecting group which directs H
the incoming group to o & p- position 18goqlritsi-
310e9 7153
6Ti (1BEnng
NO2 iS a deactivating group with-I effect.
So it decreases the basic nature of aniline.
e
e
nc
nc
nc
i
68. (A) O,H.
N(CH)2
NCH)2ta
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
HNOHNO
Sc
273-278 K
r
r
ee
ee
ee
NO
ar
ar
ar
A=HNO2 p-Nitroso-N, N-dimethyl aniline
C
C
69. (B)
+I effecting group increases the basic strength in substituted
aniline.
-OCH is electron releasing group.
All other groups are electron withdrawing groups.ili9 h n
e
ce
ce
70. (D)
nc
Alkanes have lowest boiling point compared

to amines of similar masses, as amines form
en
en
H-bonding which increases the boiling point.

ie
ci
ci
Sc
71. (A)
rS
rS
NH
ee
ee
ee
+NH, Cu,O
ar
ar
ar
+2CuCl+ H,O
C
Aniline H1519t
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
73-Amines (355)
ar
ar
ar
Bnotianu s3
72. (D)
C
NH2 NH NH, 1 NH2et
conc.H,SO NO,
+HNO +
NO
e
e
NO 2%tI79
nc
nc
nc
(47 %)
0,1 (51 %)
ie
ie
ie
73. (B)
Sc
Sc
Sc
CH NH2 +CHCl+3KOH- CH NC +3KCI+3H,0
(alc.) (foul smelling)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Tt is carbylamine test given only by 1° amines but not by 2° and 3 amines.
ar
ar
ar
74. (A)
C
C
NCI NBF TU RECOBIb
NOH
NaNO. roi
+HBF ||| +N +NaBF,
Fluoroboric
Cu, HA1,H
A
e
e
9ni8);si siEsri1
nc
nc
nc
75. (B) E C,H,NH, + 2H,0+Na,CO, +2NaBr
ie
ie
ie
C,H,CONH, + Br, + 4NaOH
Sc
Sc
Propanamide Ethanamine Sc
Hoffmann bromamide reaction: 1° amine with one carbon less is formed.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
76.(C)
amines but 3° amine is difficult
Ammonolysis of alkyl halide produces 1°,2°,3°
ar
ar
ar
NH
C
C
H,C-C-CH, 2 methyl propan -2 amine is not easy
to be made by ammonolysis
CH3 E8
77. (A)
.
e
ce
ce
Gatterman reaction: 8
'
nc
N;C
en
en
1-3,H
ie
ci
ci
Sc
Cu/HC +N,
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
78. (D)
SO,C sO,N(C H)
ar
ar
ar
H
C
(CH,),NH+|
N.N -diethyi o H
Sulphonyl amide
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
79. (B)
HNO,
C
Primary aminesS N,T
Secondary amine - HNO Nitrosoamine
(yellow oil)
Tertiary amine HNO,_ Colourless solution
e
e
(CH,)CHNH, + HNO, (CH,),CHOH +H,0+Naa)
nc
nc
nc
1° amine
,
ie
ie
ie
80. (A) E3)-.7
Sc
Sc
Sc
NH 9 NCI
r
r
NaNO, /HCI
ee
ee
ee
273-278K
ar
ar
ar
Aniline Benzene diazonium
C
C
Chloride
81. (B)
CH,CH,NH, C CH,CH,),NH
-HI
(CH,CH,),N (CH,CH,),N°T®
Ethylamine Diethylamine Triethyl amine Tetraethylammonium
e
e
iodideaZ
nc
nc
nc
82. (A)
Electron donating group increases the
ie
ie
ie
basicity of amine.
Methyl group is electron donating group
Sc
Sc
Sc
NH
r
r
CH
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
CH ci.3 1
2,4- Dimethylaniline
st71i7iiaT M3--,
83. (C)
Gabriel phthalimide. synthesis
is used to prepare primary amine.
84. (C) A.
e
ce
ce
Hoffmann's carbylamines test

nc
is for primary amines.

en
en
HC-NH
ie
ci
ci
Sc
CH
rS
rS
Dimethyl amine
(Secondary amine)
ee
ee
ee
85. (A) 3).8

ar
ar
ar
CH NH2h
CHC CHNC
C
KOH, CaliOH
Benzyl isocyanide
Carbylamine)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
86. (D) ec * 7 1Amlnes (357)
-
N-H
Amine group
e
e
nc
nc
nc
In amine N has three sigma bonds
and one lone pair.
ie
ie
ie
87.(B)
Sc
Sc
Sc
HC-CH,--NH, +Br +4NaOH) A
r
r
CH,CH,NH, +2NaBr+NaC0, +2H,0
ee
ee
ee
Ethanamine
ar
ar
ar
88.(A)
C
C
NH
+3Br Bromine
Water
Br Br
. HOHO H
(G.2
.
e
e
Aniline
nc
nc
nc
Br **
H
ie
ie
ie
2, 4,6-tribromoaniline
89. (C)
Sc
Sc
HBF4 NaNO,.Cu,A
Sc
CHN,C CHF 4 CHNO, + NaBF + Na
r
r
Phenyl diazoniuma Fluorobenzene Nitrobenzene
ee
ee
ee
chloride
90.(C) 9,i H,H-0,H
ar
ar
ar
C
C
CH,CH,NH H,C-NH alder
Ethanamine N-Methyl methanamine
(1-amine) (2-amine)
91. (A)
e
ce
ce
NCI
nc
NHh .H+
en
en
ie
HNO, +HCI, 273-278 K

ci
ci
3 A
Sc
rS
rS
Aniline Diazonium salt (.re

ee
ee
ee
NCI OH
ar
ar
ar
C
H,O +N, T+HCI

dil. H,S0
Phenol
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
92. (C)
C
NH2 NCI
NaNO,
HCI +N,
e
e
Aniline Benzene
Iodobenzene
nc
nc
nc
diazonin [B]
chloride
ie
ie
ie
A
Sc
Sc
Sc
93. (D)
Electron withdrawing group decrease basic strength of aniline
-CsHs group is electron
r
r
withdrawing group, where as other groups are electron donating group.
ee
ee
ee
94. (D)
ar
ar
ar
+
CH, N(CH,),OHAH,C=CH,+ (CH,),N
C
C
+H,O
Ethene Trimethylamine
95. D)
H,C-C=N Na-EthanolH.C-CH,-NH,
Acetonitrile SilirEthanamine
e
e
nc
nc
nc
NaNO, ,HCI
ie
ie
ie
273-278 K
Sc
Sc
Sc
HC-CHOH +N, 1+HCl2 H,C CH, N, CI° :
r
r
Ethanol
ee
ee
ee
Ethyl diazonium
Chloride
-,
ar
ar
ar
(unstable)
C
C
96. (B)
NH2 NH
+3Bt,B,/H,O
Br Br
A1
+3HBr
e
ce
ce
nc
Aniline
Br
en
en
ie
2,4,6-Tribromoaniline
ci
ci
Sc
97.(B)
rS
rS
NHCOCH NHCOCH
NH
ee
ee
ee
- Br,
H
ar
ar
ar
Acetic acid
Solvent or OH
C
Acetanilide
Br
Br
P Bromoacetanilide p- Bromoaniline
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
14. Biomolecules
C
Carbohydrates
These are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones or the substances which give such compounds on
e
e
nc
nc
nc
hydrolysis aand they contain elements C, H, O
and have general formula C(H;O)y
e. Glucose (C6Hiz06), Sucrose (Ci2tzO11)
, etc.
ie
ie
ie
eni
Sc
Sc
Sc
Classification:
Monosaccharides: They do not undergo hydrolysis.
e.g. Glucose, fructose, ribose.
r
r
Oligosaccharides : On hydrolysis they give
ee
ee
ee
2-10 monosaccharides. e.g. Suerose, Taffinose,
stachyose.
ar
ar
ar
Polysaccharides: On hydrolysis they give a large number of monosaccharides.
e.g. Starch,
C
C
glycogenailai en
Preparation of Glucose:
Glucose is prepared either from cane sugar or from starch.
dil.HClorH,304
CaH2 + H,O- C,H,0, +CH,,°6
e
e
cane sugar glucose
nc
nc
nc
fructose
dil. H,SO4
ie
ie
ie
CHn + nH,0
393 K,2-3 atm
nC,H,0
Sc
Sc
Sc
Reactions:
r
r
ee
ee
ee
w
Hot HI
CH-CH-CH-CH-CH-CH
n-Hexane
ar
ar
ar
NHO HON HC-(CHOH)CHOH+ HE -0S731H
C
C
Glucoxime
HCN
>NC-CHOH-(CHOH}-CH,OH
Cyenobydrin
CHi0s
>HO0C-(CHOH)-CH,OH
Bromine water
e
ce
ce
Ghucomic
aciddi1.HNOutoDEeii
t .7
nc
dil. HNO,
en
en
HOOC-(CHOH)-COOH
()
ie
Saocharic acid
ci
ci
S(CHCOHO
Sc
OHCHCH-O-COCH)
rS
rS
+SCH,COOH
CH0-COCH
ee
ee
ee
Structure of Carbohydrates:
ar
ar
ar
Glucose can be represented by Fischer projection formulae and cyclic structure by Haworth
C
projection formulae. Fructose is ketohexose and made by isomerisation of glucose. It is

laevo rotatory and belongs to D series. Fructose can be represented by Fischer projection
formulae and cyclic structure by Haworth projection formulae. Disaccharides sucrose,
Haworth formulae,
dOse, cellobiose can be represented by t .e
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
>Proteins
C
Proteins are naturally occurring polymeric nitrogenous organic compounds containing l16%
nitrogen and peptide linkages. Proteins are classificd into fibrous proteins keratin (present in
hair, wool, and nail), myosin (protein of muscles) and globular proteins (insulin, egg
albumin, serum albumin, legumelin). The structure of protein can be studied at different
levels called primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary. Proteins on hydrolysis give
e
e
nc
nc
nc
mixture of a-amino acids (nH2N-CH-CoOH).pt 1t
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
Amino acids are classified into three types-basic, acidic and neutral amino acids.
r
r
seori Peptide linkage (-CONH) in an amide formed between -COOH and -NH2 group by
ee
ee
ee
elimination of water molecule.
ar
ar
ar
Enzymes trby n
C
C
Enzymes are biological catalysts for various chemical reactions in living organisms. Enzymes
are required in small quantities. They act as catalyst and reduce the activation energy for a
particular reaction.
Nucleic acids
Nucleic acids are esters of phosphoric acid with sugar. They control the synthesis of proteins
e
e
and are also responsible for storing the genetic information of living organism and passing the
nc
nc
nc
information from one generation to another.
ie
ie
ie
Chromosomes contain two types of nucleic acids: Ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxy
ribonucleic acid (DNA).
Sc
Sc
Sc
r
r
ee
ee
ee
MHT-CET 2004
ar
ar
ar
1. Glucose on oxidation gives the acid containing the C-chiral atoms equal to
C
C
(A)2 (B)3 e i (C)4 (D)5
MHT-CET 2005
atOH
2. Raffionse is
(A)trisaccharide (B) disaccharide (C) monosaccharide D)polysaccharide
e
ce
ce
MHT-CET 2007
nc
en
en
3. Zwitter ion is formed by

ie
(A)aniline (B) acetanilide (C) benzoic acid D)glycine

ci
ci
Sc
4. Glucose gives silver mirror with ammoniacal silver nitrate because it has
rS
rS
(A)aldehyde group (B)ester group (C) ketone group D)alcoholic silver nitrate
5. Sucrose on hydrolysis gives
ee
ee
ee
(A)glucose and maltose ge (B)glucose and lactose

(C) glucose and fructose (D)only glucose
ar
ar
ar
C
MHT-CET 2009
6. Stachyose is a
(A)monosaccharide (B) disaccharide (C)trisaccharide (D)tetrasaccharide
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Blomolecules (361)
ar
ar
ar
MHT-CET 2010
C
7. Which of the following is a trisaccharide?
(A)Stachyose (B) Sucrose (D)Ribose
(C)Raffinose
MHT-CET 2011
8. Glucose on reaction with Br2 water gives
(A)glucaric acid (B) gluconic acid (C) saccharic acid (D)citric acid
e
e
nc
nc
nc
MHT-CET 2014
ie
ie
ie
9. One mole of stachyose on hydrolysis yiclds
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A) I mole of glucose + 1 mole of fructose +2 mole
of galactOse
(B)2 mole of glucose +1 mole of fructose + 1 mole of galactose uti n
(C) 1 mole of glucose +2 mole of fructose+ I mole of galactose
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(D)2 mole of glucose +2 mole of fructose
ar
ar
ar
MHT-CET 2015
C
C
10. Which of the following proteins is globular?]
(A)Collagen (B) Albumin (C)Myosin D)Fibroin
11.During conversion of glucose into glucose cyanohydrins, what functional group atom of
gucose is replaced?
(A)hydrogen (B) aldehydic group
e
e
(C)primary alcoholic group (D) secondary alcoholic group
nc
nc
nc
MHT-CET 2016
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
12. Glucose on oxidation with bromine water yields gluconic acid. This reaction confirms presence of
(A) six carbon atoms linked in straight chain (B) secondary alcoholic group in glucose
C) aldehyde group in glucose (D)primary alcoholic group in glucose
r
r
ee
ee
ee
13. Which of the following amino acids is basic in nature?
(A)Valine (B)Tyrosine (C)Arginine (D)Leucineine
ar
ar
ar
221 0 10 21ey i 10 70t
C
C
MHT-CET 2017
14. What type of sugar molecule is present in DNA?
(A)D-3-deoxyribose (B)D-ribose (C)D-2-deoxyribose (D)D-Glucopyranose
is
15. The amino acid which is basic in nature
Tyrosine (C)Proline geil, D)Valine. tio7
e
ce
ce
(A)Histidine :(B)
nc
many carbon atoms?

16. A molecule of Stachyose contains how
en
en
(8)12 (C)18
ie
A)6 f
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
MHT-CET 2018
17. Which carbon atom of deoxy Ribose
sugar in DNA does NOT contain-¢-OH bond ?
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
(C)C2 D)C
(A)Cs (B) C3 it
C
only one asymmetric carbon atom in its molecule.

18. Identify the monosaccharide containing (C)Erythrose trD)Glyceraldehydo
A)Ribulose (B)Ribose
etts
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
MNT-OET Evam Queathons
C
NNT-CET 2019
1 gieatead sheets of polypeptide chains are present in
A)&niary struachure (B) Tertiary Stnucture
(CPriman stracnre (D) Quaternary structure
2a Wdihof the fdllowing molecules fom a zwitter ion?
e
e
(AHNCH00OH (B) CHCOC:Hs (C)CH,C0OCH, (D)CHCHCOOH
nc
nc
nc
1. Te enqe which converts maltose to glucose is
ie
ie
ie
(A)malase (B)ysine (C) insulin ti a (D)zymase
Sc
Sc
Sc
1
22. Wdicdh of the following is NOT present in DNA
A)Adenine (B) Uncil (C) Guanine (D)Thymine
r
r
ee
ee
ee
2 Gunse reacts with NH:OH to form
(C) Glucoxime (D) n-Hexane
ar
ar
ar
A) Gluronic acid (B) Saccharic acid
C
C
24 The compound containing two hetero cyclic rings is
(A)Uaci (B) Thymine (C) Guanine (D)Cytosiner
AT8
IHT-CET 2020
25 ldentify the product Y in following reaction.
sSX NO
Y
e
e
Maltose
(etcess)
nc
nc
nc
(A)Hetane (B) Saccharic acid (C)Gluconic acid (D)Glucoxime
ie
ie
ie
26 Whea one mole of lactose is hydrolysed, the hydrolysate contains
Sc
Sc
Sc
a(A) 1.0 mol Ghucose+2.0 mole Galactose (B) 1.0 mol Galactose+1.0 mol Glucóse
(C)20 mol Gucose (D)1.0 mol Glucose +1.0 mol Fructose
r
r
ee
ee
ee
27. Tdemify basic amino acid from following.
A)Phenylalanine B) Serine iAD(C)
Alanine
a D)Histidine
ar
ar
ar
28. Which among the following is a product of hydrolysis of one mole raffinose?
C
C
(A)2 moles of Glucose
(B)2 moles Glucose + 1 mole Fructose mole Galactose
+1 io ,
gue tu byei sr E
(C)imoles Fructose+2 moles Glucose

D)1 mole Ghucose+ I mole Fructose +1
mole Galactosede fusit b.ss
orit f7.2
29. Which among the following reagents is used to obtain gluconic acid from glucose?
e
ce
ce
o
nc
(A)Acetic anhydride (B) Acetyl chloride(C)Bromine waterDdil. Nitric acid

en
en
30. How many optical isomers are possible for a compound having3 asymmetric carbon atoms?
ie
ci
ci
(C)8 (D)6
Sc
(A)9 (B)3
rS
rS
31. What is molecular formula of glyceraldehyde?

(A)C;0H, (B) C02H2 (C)CO,H6 t
(D)COsHs
ee
ee
ee
32. Which among the following reagents is used for conversion of glucose to glucoxime?
ar
ar
ar
(A)Dilute Nitríc acid (B)Br2 water

C
(C)Hydroxylamine2 (D)HCN
1orus feu t
33. How many optical isomers are possible for a compound having four asymmetric carbon atoms
(A)16 B)8 (C)4 (D)12
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Blomolecules (363)
ar
ar
ar
34.If side chain group-R for amino acid is -CH,OH, identify the amino acid from following
C
(A)Arginine (B)Proline (C) Serine (D)Tyrosine
35. Identify thenumber of oxygen atoms present in saccharic
acid?
(A)6 (B)8 (C)4 (D)12
36. How many moles of acetic acid are obtained
in the reaction when one mole glucose is treated
with excess acetic anhydride?
e
e
(A)3 moles (B) 5 moles
nc
nc
nc
(C)2 moles (D)4 moles
37. What is the quantity of glucose obtained when
ie
ie
ie
68.4 g of sucrose is hydrolyzed in laboratory
under ideal condition? (Molar mass of sucrose = 342 g
mol")
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A) 68.4 g (B) 198.0 8 (C)36.0 g (D) 180 g
38. Which among the following is a globular protein?
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(A) Collagen (B) Fibroin (C) Insulin (D) Myosin
39. Which among the following amino acids has lowest molar mass7
ar
ar
ar
(A) Arginine (B) Asparagine (C) Aspartic acid (D) Alanine
C
C
40. Which among the following type of linkages is present in cellulose?
(A) 1>6 B glycosidic linkages
(B)14a a glycosidiclinkages
(C)1>4 B glycosidic linkages ie (D)16 glycosidic linkages
41. Which among the following compounds is obtained when glucose react with hydrogen
e
e
cyanide?
nc
nc
nc
(A)Gluconic acid (B) Saccharic acid
(C)Glucose cyanohydrin (D)n-Hexane
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
42. What is the product obtained when Br2 water reacts with glucose? Sc
(A)Gluconie acid (B) 1,6-Dibromoglucose
(C) Saccharic acid (D)Bromohexane
r
r
ee
ee
ee
43. Which among the following amino acids has a lowest molecular mass?
(A)Glycine (B)Aspartic acid
ar
ar
ar
C)Proline (D) Serine
C
C
44. Which reagent among the following is used to confirm presence of aldehydic carbonyl group in
glucose?
(A)Dilute nitric acid (B)Hydroxylamine (C) Bromine water (D)Acetic anhydride
45. Which carbon atoms of a-D-gucopyranose and B-D-fructofuranose respectively are linked
together to form glycosidic linkage in sucrose?
e
ce
ce
(A)C-2 ofa-D-glucopyranose and C-2 of B-D-fructofuranose

nc
en
en
(B)C-2 of a-D-glucopyranose and C-3 of B-D-fructofuranose

ie
(C)C-1 of a-D-glucopyranose and C-2 of B-D-fructofuranose

ci
ci
Sc
(D)C-1 of d-D-glucopyranose and C-6 of B-D-fructofuranose

rS
rS
46. Ifn is the number of asymmetric carbon atoms, the number of optical isomers possible is given
ee
ee
ee
by formula
ar
ar
ar
(A) (B)n (C)2n (D)2

C
47. Which among the following sugars does not reduce Tollen's reagent?
(A)Ribose (B)Lactose (C) Maltose (D) Sucrose
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
364)MHT-CET Exam Questions
ar
ar
ar
*48. Which among the following is a natural biopolymer of monosaccharides7
i
C
(A)Isoprene ) (B)Neoprene (C)Glycogen (D) Silk
49. On hydrolysis sucrose gives d
(A)2 moles of galactose (B) 2 moles of fructose
de 93(c)2 moles of glucose t roi fD) equimolar mixture ofglucose and fructose
e
e
50. Which among the following is basic amino acid?
nc
nc
nc
(A)Cysteine (B)Glycinc (C)Cystinc (D)Lysine
ie
ie
ie
*51. Which among the following statements is true for amylose?
(A) It is water soluble
Sc
Sc
Sc
(B) It has branching to large cxtent
(C) It constitute about 80 % starch
r
r
ee
ee
ee
D) Glucopyranose are linked by 14 B glycosidic bonds
52. Which among the following observations suggests that glucose also exists in cyclic form?
ar
ar
ar
(A) Hydroxylamine reacts with glucose to form glucose oxime
C
C
(B) Acetylation of glucose obtains glucose pentaacetate.
(C) Glucose does not undergo condensation with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine.
(D) Prolong heating of glucose with Hl yields n-hexane. ntie/y
53. Which of the following statements is NOT true about saccharic acid?
(A) It can be obtained from gluconic acid
e
e
(B) It contains one carboxyl group and four hydroxyl groups
nc
nc
nc
(C) It can be obtained from glucose
(D) It contains two carboxyl groupsd
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
54. What is the number of

Sc
groups present in nitrogen bases of nucleic acids, thymine and
C=0
r
r
ee
ee
ee
uracil respectively?
(A) and 2
1 (B) 2 and12 (C) 1 and 1
D) 2 and 1
ar
ar
ar
presence of five hydroxyl groups in a glucose
C
C
55. Which following reagent is' used to detect
molecule?
(A) Acetic anhydride t (B) Dilute nitric acidbis
D) Hydroxyl amine
iio it
tith
(C) Br water 2
group m
id
56. Which among the following reagents is used to confirm the presence of carbonyl
e
ce
ce
glucose?
nc
(A) dilute HNO (B) hot HI (C) Br2 water D) NHOH

en
en
ie
ci
ci
57. Identify group- R in isoleucine H,N-CH-COOH

Sc
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
(A) CH- CH2-CH (B) CoHs CH

(C) (CHs)>CH-CH- (D) (CH;)%CH-
ar
ar
ar
C
58. Which of the following molecules reduces Fehling's solution?

(A) Erythrose (B) Acetone (C) Sucrose D) Butan-2-one
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Blomolecules (365)
C
49. Which
from following pairs of symbol
and nature of amino acids is NOT correctr
- Acidic
(A) Glu
(B) Asp- Neutral
(C)Leu- Neutral (D)His - Basic
60. When 2 moles of stachyose is hydrolyzed, the number moles galactose obtained is
of
of
e
e
(A)4 (B) 2 (C)6 (D)3
nc
nc
nc
61. How many hydroxyl groups are present in Erythrulose?
ie
ie
ie
(A) 3 (B) 4! C) 2 D) 5
Sc
Sc
Sc
62. Glucose and gluconic acid treated with dilute nitric acid forms saccharic acid. What does this
r
r
indicate?
ee
ee
ee
(A) This suggests that all six carbon atoms of glucose are in the form of straight chain.
B) Carbonyl group in glucose is aldehydic.
ar
ar
ar
C) Presence of primary alcoholic group in glucose.
C
C
(D) Presence of five hydroxyl groups in glucose. (an u
63. Identify the side chain-R present in amino acid lysine
(A)-(CH:)s-NH; ri mei. (B)-CH(CH)
i o 9t eshiudaneoko
(C)-CH,0H :bisi.eoonD)CH oT ivi2r, 089t13
e
e
O (D)2 CyeH,
nc
nc
nc
64. Identifythe number of secondary carbon atoms in glucose.
(A)6 (B)4 (C)3
ie
ie
ie
.hmo021
nor basic in nature?
Sc
Sc
65. Which amino acid from following is neither acidic

(C) Leucine
Sc
D) Arginine
(A)Histidine (B) Lysine
r
r
number of hydroxyl groups present in lactic acid?
ee
ee
ee
66. What is the
(A)Two (B) Zero (C)Three 91(D)One"i4
ar
ar
ar
is NOT true for glyceraldehyde?
67. Which of the following statements
C
C
(A)It has carbonyl and hydroxyl group
(B)It is optically active.
12tt sm g 7 ie s v12
01)
(C)It is a sugar molecule.
atoms.
(D)It contains two asymmetric carbon
n-Hexane, confims
heating of glucose with HI to form
e
ce
ce
68. Prolonged
chain.
(A)presence of all six carbon atoms in a straight
nc
en
en
(B) presence of carbonyl group.

ie
(C)presence of primary alcoholic group.

ci
ci
(D)presence of aldehydic carbonyl group.

Sc
rS
rS
i11211S1u99
respectively are obtained on hydrolysis of 1
mole
69. How many moles of fructose and galactose
ee
ee
ee
stachyose?
(B)3,1
(A)1,1
ar
ar
ar
(C)1,2
(D)2, 2i c3vgriy15 2t6iiis
C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
2 SOLUTIONS
1. (C)
chiral carbon (having four different
Write the oxidation reaction of glucose and count number of
groups) in it.
CHO ÇOOH
e
e
H-C-OH H-C-OOH
nc
nc
nc
HO--H HO-¢-H
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
H-C-OH H-C-OH
H-f-OH H-C-OH
r
r
ee
ee
ee
CHOH CH,OH
ar
ar
ar
a-glucose gluconic acid
4-chiral C-atoms) 9(4-chiral C-atoms)
C
C
2. (A)
Monosaccharides do not hydrolyse, disaccharides give two molecules of monosaccharides,
trisaccharides give three molecules of monosaccharides and polysaccharides give many
molecules of monosaccharides on hydrolysis.
e
e
Ci8H32016+H20- glucose+fructose + galactose1
nc
nc
nc
Ratiinose
. Rafinose is trisaccharide.
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
3. D)
Sc
Zwitter ion is formed by amino acid. Glycine is amino acid.
r
r
NH-CH-CO0
ee
ee
ee
Zwitter ion of glycine is
ar
ar
ar
4. (A)
C
C
Glucose gives silver miror with ammoniacal silver nitrate because of presence of-CHO group
(aldehyde group) in the structure of glucose.
5. (C)
Sucrose gives glucose and fructose on hydrolysis with invertase enzyme.
C2H2201 +H,0- InvertaseC,H,06+C,H1206
e
ce
ce
Sucrose Glucose Fructose

nc
en
en
6. (D)
ie
Stachyose is a tetrasaccharide consisting of two a-D-galactose units, one a-D-glucose unit and
ci
ci
Sc
one B-D-fuctose unit sequentially linked. It is naturally found in numerous vegetables ana
rS
rS
plants.
ee
ee
ee
7. (C)
On hydrolysis stachyose gives four, sucrose gives two, raffinose gives three and ribose gives no
ar
ar
ar
molecules, of monosaccharides. Thus, only raffinose is a trisaccharide.

C
CigHy2O16 +H,0 3CGH1206

ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Blomolecules (367)
or
ar
ar
ar
8. (B)
C
Glucose on oxidation with Br2 water gives gluconic acid.
CHO ÇOOH
(ÇHOH)4 +[0] O(CHOH)
CHOH CH,OH
e
e
otvrsin 921)
nc
nc
nc
Gluconic acid
9. (A)
ie
ie
ie
One mole of stachyose on hydrolysis yields one mole of glucose, one mole of fructose and two
Sc
Sc
Sc
moles of galactose.
10. (B)
H H)H HA.a. roi,M
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Albumin is globular protein while collagen, myosin and fibroin are fibrous proteins.
11. (B)
ar
ar
ar
During conversion of glucose to glucose cyanohydrin hydrogen cyanide is added to carbonyl
group of glucose
C
C
CHO CN
(CHOH) HCN CHOH
CH,OH (CHOH)4
e
e
bi:l inedoose t 320tl.i4
nc
nc
nc
Glucose CHOH
Glucose Cyanohydrin
ie
ie
ie
12. (C)
Sc
Sc
Sc
Glucose on oxidation with bromine water yields gluconic acid. This reactión confirms presence
ofaldehyde group because for formation of gluconic acidfree aldehyde eroup must be present.
r
r
CHO
ee
ee
ee
COOH-i auli
(ÇHOH), Bry/HO (HOH),
ar
ar
ar
,
C
C
CHOH
HOH
Gliconie Acid ;11,
Glucose O4,3 )g ii,
13.(C) 20otlt)
Arginine consists of amine group as =
HN C-NHECH2
functional group, -CH-C-OH
e
ce
ce
Hence is basic in nature.

nc
en
en
14. (C) 15. (A)

ie
16. (D)
ci
ci
Sc
Stachyose is tetrasaccharide. O HOHO,

rS
rS
17.(C) HOHO
ee
ee
ee
(5)
HOHC QH
ar
ar
ar
(1)
C
OH H atA){)i) istiE
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
18. (D)
C
ÇHO
H-COH
CHOH
e
e
Glyceraldehyde
nc
nc
nc
19. (A)
ie
ie
ie
our: 20. (A)
Sc
Sc
Sc
Zwitter ion: When both positive and negative ion shown with the same molecule called as
zwitter ion. e.g. NH)-CH, -CO0® [NH- CHh - COOH]
r
r
ee
ee
ee
21. (A)
ar
ar
ar
22. (B)
C
C
Uracil is not present in DNA.
23. (C) 24. (C)
O
25. (B)
MaltoseHydrolysis dil.HNO
e
e
Saccharic acid
nc
nc
nc
excess
26. (B)
ie
ie
ie
Lactose on hydrolysis in presence of an acid or enzyme lactase gives one molecule each of
Sc
Sc
me glucose and galactose.

ioe i"to3iet
Sc
C2Hz2O1+H20 CH0,+ D-(+)-Galactose
CHo
r
r
or lactase
ee
ee
ee
Lactose D-(+) Glucose
27.(D)
ar
ar
ar
28. (D)
C
C
CqeHsO16+2H,0-
Raffinose Glucose Fructose Galactose
- gu132tt t e.ejeio
29. (C) H3i:9- AD+H
When glucose is treated with bromine water, it undergoes oxidation, forming gluconic acid.
e
ce
ce
In this aldehydic group is oxidised to carboxylic acid).

nc
en
en
CHO çoOH
,
ie
ci
ci
Sc
(CHOH), + [O]B (ÇHOH

rS
rS
CH,OH CH,OH
ee
ee
ee
Glucose Gluconic acid

30. (C)
ar
ar
ar
Possible number of optical isomers= 2

C
(n= No. of asymmetric/ chiral carbon atoms)

2 =
8
31. (D)
Glyceraldehyde CH,O, (Aldotriose)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ae rx Blomolecules (360)
ar
ar
ar
C
C
32. (C)
CH=N-OH
CHOH), (CHOH),
CH,OH H,OH
e
e
Glucose Glucoxime
nc
nc
nc
33..(A)
ie
ie
ie
Possible number of optical isomers = 2 n No. of asymmetric carbon atoms)
Sc
Sc
Sc
2 16
r
r
34. (C)
ee
ee
ee
NH2 NH2
ar
ar
ar
HO-CHCH
C
C
COOH COOH
Amino acid Serine
35. (B)
COOH
e
e
.
nc
nc
nc
H-C-OH
ie
ie
ie
HO-C-H 731 2
77t
Sc
Sc
(No. of oxygen atoms= 8)

Sc
H-C-OH
r
r
ee
ee
ee
H--OH
ar
ar
ar
cOOH
C
C
Saccharic acid
36. (B)
GHO
ÇHO
CH-C 5CH-C-OH
e
ce
ce
(CHOH)+ 5
nc
en
en
CHs
ie
CH,OH
ci
ci
Glucose pentaacetate
Sc
rS
rS
37. (C)
H* >CH,0, +CH,0
ee
ee
ee
CHO+H,0 (nvertase) Glucose Fructose

Sucrose
ar
ar
ar
(180 g) (180 g)
(342 g)
C
gluco0
342 g of sucrose gives 180 g of
180x68.4 =36 g of glucose.
68.4 g of sucrose gives 342
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
38. (C)
C
Globular protein Insulin
-
Fibrous protein - Collagen, Fibroin, Myosin

39. D)
40. (C)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
HOCH HO HOCH,
o
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
r
r
ee
ee
ee
p-1,4-glycosidie link
ar
ar
ar
41. (C)
C
C
Glucose reacts with hydrogen cyanide to form glucose cyanohydrin.
CHO CHOH
CN
CHOHD (CHOD
Cr,OH
-
e
e
Gucse Ghucose cymohydrin
nc
nc
nc
42. (A)
ie
ie
ie
When glucose is treated with bromine water, it undergoes oxidation, forming gluconic acid. (In
Sc
Sc
this aldehydic group is oxidized to carboxylic acid).

Sc
CHO COOH
-
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(CHOH), + (ÇHOH)
T
[o]-59O
ar
ar
ar
CHOH CH,OH
C
C
43. (A)
44. (C) ÇHO ÇOOH
When glucose is treated with bromine water,
it undergoes oxidation, forming gluconic acid. (CHOH), +[O] B/H0 (CHOH),
e
ce
ce
In this aldehydic, group is oxidized to

nc
carboxylic acid), which shows that the CHOH

CHOH
en
en
carbonyl group in glucose is aldehyde group.

ie

ci
ci
Sc
45. (C)
rS
rS
CH,OH
HOHC O H
ee
ee
ee
OH
a HOCH,0H
ar
ar
ar
HO
Glycosldtc .
C
OH Unkage OH
a-D-Gluco pyranose p-D-Fructo Puranose
(+) Sucrose
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
46.(D) 1101 au Elomolecules (371)
C
47.0
Sucrose is a non-reducing sugar
(free aldehydic
group cannot be produced in solution.
48. (C)
Glycogen is a branched biopolymer

consisting of linear chains
e
e
of glucose residucs.
nc
nc
nc
49.(D)
Sucrose on hydrolysis in the presence
ie
ie
ie
each of glucose and fructose. of dil. acid or the enzyme invertase gives one moleeue
Sc
Sc
Sc
CaH2O1+ +H20- orH0
Sucrose inverteseCs2O6 + CH06
r
r
D+)Glucose D(-) Fructose
ee
ee
ee
50.(D)
51. (A)
ar
ar
ar
Amylose is a linear polymer of glucose
C
C
and it is water soluble. Amylose has a- linkages.
52. (C)
Glucose does not undergo condensation
with 2, 4-dinitro-phenylhydrazine which shows that it
also exists in cyclic form.
53.(B)
e
e
Saccharic acid also called Glucaric acid B .9 anio bui # ei Deilien
nc
nc
nc
sgne
OH
ie
ie
ie
HO OH
Sc
Sc
Sc
OH OH
r
r
Ithas 2 carboxy and4-OH groups.
ee
ee
ee
O.H
54.(B)
ar
ar
ar
C
C
HC NH NH
o
e
ce
ce
Uracil
nc
en
en
55. (A)
ie
A
ci
ci
Sc
CHO
rS
rS
CHO
(CHOH),HCOO> (CH-O-8-CH,). + CH,COOH

ee
ee
ee
CHOH
CH-0--CH
ar
ar
ar
C
O
Glucose
Glucose pentacetate
It is observed that, there is formation or pentacetate so there must be, five hydroxyl groups
present in glucose.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
56. (D)
CHO
CH N-OH
(CHOH) NHOH(CHOH)
e
e
CH_OH CHOH
nc
nc
nc
Glucose Glucoxime
ie
ie
ie
Glucose reacts with NH,OH to form an oxime which confims the presence of a carbonyl group
Sc
Sc
Sc
in glucose.
57. (A)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Isoleucine: H,N-CH-COOH G
ar
ar
ar
HC-CHs
C
C
CH
R= CH- CH, -CH
CH
58. (A)
Erythrose is a reducing sugar, i.e. it has free aldehyde group which can reduce Tollen's reagent
e
e
and Fehling's solution.
nc
nc
nc
H-
ie
ie
ie
-OH
Sc
Sc
Erythrose Sc
H- -OH
r
r
CH,OH
ee
ee
ee
59. (B)
ar
ar
ar
ÇOO
C
C
HN-C-H
CH
COO
Aspartate- Asp has 2 acidic and 1 basic groups. So it is acidic in nature.
e
ce
ce
nc
60. (A)
en
en
When one mole of stachyose is hydrolysed it gives one mole of glucose, one mole of fructose
ie
and 2 moles of galactose.

ci
ci
Sc
So, 2 moles of stachyose on hydrolysis gives 4 moles of galactose.

rS
rS
61. (A)
ee
ee
ee
CHOH
=o
ar
ar
ar
Erythrulose has in total 3 -OH and one C=O groups

C
H -OH
CH,OH
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
62. (C) e Blomolecules (373
ar
ar
ar
C
C
ÇHO
COOH
H-C-oOH
HNO, H-¢-OH
HO-C-H HO-C-H
H-C-OH H-¢-OH
e
e
H-C-OH q
nc
nc
nc
P. t
CH,OH
iH- ¢-OH )G1 onii
ie
ie
ie
COOH
Sc
Sc
Sc
Glucose Saccharic acid tu
CoOH
ÇOOH
r
r
ee
ee
ee
H-C-OH H-C-OH
HNO,
ar
ar
ar
HO-C-H HO--H
C
C
H-C-OH H--OH (a).a
H--0OH H-C-OH
CH,OH COOH
Gluconic acid
e
e
Saccharic acid
nc
nc
nc
Both give saccharic acid due to the presence of 1° alcoholic group in glucose.
ie
ie
ie
63.(A)
Sc
Sc
Sc
HN OH
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(A.)8
Side Chain
NH, OH
ar
ar
ar
Lysine amino acid H D)- >}E
C
C
64. (B)
ÇHO
H-C-OH
e
ce
ce
HO-C-H
nc
number of 2° 'C'atoms= 4
en
en
2
ie
ci
ci
Sc
2°
rS
rS
H-C-OH
CHOH
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Glucose
C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
65. (C)
C
CH
OH
-
CH NH,
e
e
Leucine
nc
nc
nc
Since leucine has one-CoOH group and one -NH2 group, it is neutral. 1)
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
66. (D)
ÇOOH
r
r
H-C-OH HOO
ee
ee
ee
HOO
CH
ar
ar
ar
C
C
Lactic acid
67. (D)
CHO CHO 1
H
H -OH HO H
e
e
nc
nc
nc
CHOH
ie
ie
ie
L-Glyceratdehycte
Sc
Sc
D+Glyocruldehyde Sc
Glyceraldehyde has only one asymmetric carbon atom.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
68. (A)
ar
ar
ar
HO fitfsbr
H.C-(CH), -CH,
C
C
(CHOH),
A
CH,OH
glucose n- Hexane
It confirms that, glucose has 6 'C atoms in a straight chain.
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
69. (C)
ie
Stachyose is tetrasaccharides, yields four monosaccharide units on hydrolysis.

ci
ci
Sc
Stachyose>1 Glucose + 1 Fructose +2 Galactose.

rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
y
C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
15. Introduction to Polymer Chemistry
C
Important Formulae and ShortcutMethods
Classification on the basis of source or origin:
Natural Polymers: Examples - Silk, wool, cotton, linen, natural rubber, etc.
e
e
Semi-synthetic polymers: Examples - Cellulose acetate rayon, cellulose nitrate,
elc.
nc
nc
nc
Synthetic Polymers: These are man-made polymers.
ie
ie
ie
Examples- Nylon, terylene, neoprene, etc.
Sc
Sc
Sc
Classification on the basis structure:
PVC, high density polythene, et.
.Linear or straight chain polymers: Examples
-
r
r
polypropylene, etc.
ee
ee
ee
Branched chain polymers: Examples - Low density polythene,
Examples-Bakclite, melamine, etc.
ar
ar
ar
Cross-linked polymers:
C
C
Classification on the basis of mode of polymerization: liuinoi7281o%
Addition polymerization: Example- Poly vinyl chloride
Condensation polymerization : Example-- Terylene/
Dacron ) .H
Example Nylon-6 (si11nTE
Ring opening polymerization:
e
e
nc
nc
nc
>Classification on the basis of intermolecular forces:
forces of attraction
ie
ie
ie
polymers having very weak intermolecular
Elastomers: These arechains. Examples Vulcanised rubber, buna-S, buna-N, neoprene,
the
Sc
Sc
between the polymer .--fR

Sc
etc. fibers as their molecules are
long and thread
r
r
used for making
These polymers can be
ee
ee
ee
Fibres:
like. (terylene), etc.
(Nylon-6,6), polystyrene
ar
ar
ar
Examples- Polyamide moulded by heating.
polymers: These can be easily
C
C
Thermoplastic Polystyrene, polyvinyls,
etc.
Examples- Polyethylene, becomes hard on heating.
A thermosetting polymer
Thermosetting polymers: formaldehyde resin, etc.
Examples - Bakelite, Urea monomers
the basis of type of different
on
Classification of polymers type ofrepeating unit
have only one
e
ce
ce
Homopolymers: which Polyacrylonitrile, etc.

Polypropene, Nylon-6,
nc
Examples Polythene,
en
en
repeating unit
two or more types of
ie
have
Copolymers: whichBuna-N, etc. Goiv
ci
ci
Sc
Examples Buna-S, blodegradability:

rS
rS
polymers on the basis of

Classification of PHBV,
Nylon-2-nylon-6, etc.
Examples-
ee
ee
ee
Biodegradable : - Bakelite, Nylon-6,6, etc.

Non-blodegradable : Examples
ar
ar
ar
(2-methyl=1,3-butadiene), cis-isomer,
Some Important polymers
C
polymer of 1soprene
It is linear
1. Natural rubber:
exhibits elastic property.
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
(376) MHT-GET Exam Questlons
ar
ar
ar
C
C
2. Polythene
ees0011 1. Low density polyethylene (LDP)
Traces of O2
CH =CH21 peroxideat 350-370K, LDP
e
e
e
atm
fa1000-2000
nc
nc
nc
ii. High density polyethylene (HDP)
ie
ie
ie
333 K-343K HDP
CH=CH26-7atm,catalyst
Sc
Sc
Sc
r
r
3. Teflon
ee
ee
ee
PolymerizalonFCF -CF2
Peroxide. (Teflon) h:e14i04apD Ati
ar
ar
ar
nCR = CR
(Tetrafluoroethene)
C
C
4. Polyacrylonitrile
nCH=CHCNPolymerization 01 197 37093bi

7
Peroxidei
fCH2-0Hhaite ira34otJ 9Ea
(Acrylonitrile)
e
e
CN
nc
nc
nc
(Polyacrylonitrile) tned noteitiorrl)
ie
ie
ie
254 5. Polyamide polymers
Sc
Sc
-97
Sc
i Nylon-6,6
r
r
nHOOC-(CH)coOH+nHN-(CH)NH,
ee
ee
ee
(adiple acid) hexamethylene
ar
ar
ar
C
C
o-4CH-onsACHn,
(aylon salt)
553K high rt 8. 6 3nan
TS65136 Pressure 9 eiati s17 171
91 050 it::otit26i
e
ce
ce
nc
en
(aylon 6,6)
en
ie
ci
ci
i. Nylon-6
Sc
rS
rS
NH
C O HO NH-fCH CoL
ee
ee
ee
CH 33343 R
ar
ar
ar
(Nylon 6)
C
913- n {E- coproloctam)

ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Introductlon to Polymer Chemistry (377)
ar
ar
ar
6. Polyesters
C
Example: Terylene or Dacron
aHO-CH-CH, OH+nH-o- fOg-0.H

e
e
(ethyleneglycol)
nc
nc
nc
(terephthalic acid)
460 K no
ie
ie
ie
420 aoetate-amtimoay
trdaxide catalyrt
Sc
Sc
Sc
fo-CH-CH-0-
r
r
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
terylene or dacron)
C
C
7. Buna-S rubber
CH- CH CH CH + CHCH CH
1,3 butadiene styrene
255%)
e
e
(75 %)
nc
nc
nc
- CH, CH CH, - CH, - CH - CHw
wCH, -CH CH CH - CH, CH CH CH - - -
ie
ie
ie
OBR)
Sc
Sc
Sc
8. Neoprene
r
r
ee
ee
ee
CH Palymerzatoa -
nCH--CH {CH, C-CH- CH,
ar
ar
ar
(chloroprene) (Neoprene)
C
C
9. Biodegradable polymers
1. PHBV
n(HO-CH-CH-COO)+n(HO - CH-CH-COO
e
ce
ce
CH CH, CH,
-
nc
- hydroxy valeric acid)

hydroxy butyric acid) (B
en
en
ie
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
t0-CH- CH, -
ee
ee
ee
C (PHBV)
CH- CH,
ar
ar
ar
C
2. Nylon-2-nylon-6
Glycine+8-amino caproic acidNylon-2-nylon-6
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Some Commercially important polymers:
C
Trade name Monomeer Polymer structure Applications
Perspex/acrylic methyl lenses, paint, security
CH,
barrier, LCD screen,
Glass methacrylate CH -
shatter resistant glass
e
e
coOM CoOMe
nc
nc
nc
Buna N Butadiene and adhesives, rubber belts,
ie
ie
ie
Acrylonitrile fM,CCH-CH-CH,CH,-CH, shoe soles,
Sc
Sc
Sc
gaskets
CN
r
r
ee
ee
ee
PVC (polyvinyl water pipes, rain coats,
vinylochloride
ar
ar
ar
chloride) flooring
C
C
Polyacrylamide Acrylamide Polyacrylamide gel
CH, CH
cONH, cONH used in electrophoresis
Ureaformaldehyde a.urea unbreakable dinner

- ware, decorative
resin b. formaldehyde fNH- co NH-CH,
e
e
nc
nc
nc
laminates
ie
ie
ie
Glyptal a. ethyleneglyco| paints and lacquers
Sc
Sc
O-CR, CH- O0c co

Sc
b. phthalic acid
r
r
electrical and
ee
ee
ee
Polycarbonate a. bisphenol
b. phosgene telecommunication
ar
ar
ar
hardware, food grade
C
C
CH
plastic containers
Thermocol (made Styrene non-biodegradable
from airfilled thin CH H styrene can leach when
walled beads of heated. Therefore, it is
e
ce
ce
polystyrene banned.
nc
en
en
ie

ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
MHT-CET 2005
ee
ee
ee
1. Name the compound/compounds used in preparation of nylon-6,6 .

(A)e-caprolactum (B) hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid
ar
ar
ar
(C) dimethyl terephthalate (D)hexamethylene diamine

C
MHT-CET 2008
*2. Rayon is
(A)natural silk (B) artificial silk C)regenerated fibre (D)synthetic fibre
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Introduction to Polymer Chemistry (379)
ar
ar
ar
.
MHT-CET 2010
C
3. Terylene is a polymer obtained from
(A) ethylene glycol and glycerol (B) ethylene glycol and glyceradehyde
C) ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid (D)none of these
s
MHT-CET 2012
e
e
nc
nc
nc
4. The natural nubber is the polymer of
(A)1,3-butadiene (B) polyamide (C)isoprene (D)none of these
ie
ie
ie
5. Nylon-6,6 is a
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A)polyster (B)polyamide (C)polyacrylate D)none of these
r
r
MHT-CET 2013
ee
ee
ee
6. Which is the monomer of neoprene in the following?
ar
ar
ar
(A)CH=CH C= CH (B) CH, =Ç-CH=CH2
C
C
CH
(C) CH, = C-CH = CH OCH=CH-CH= C2 FSD-T
CI
7. Nylon is an example of
e
e
(A)polyster (B) polysaccharide (C)polyamide (D)polythene
nc
nc
nc
MHT-CET 2015
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
8. Identify the heteropolymer from the list given below.

(CTeflon (D)Nylon-6, 6
Sc
(A)Polythene (B)Nylon-6
does NOT soften on heating?
r
r
*9. Which polymer among the following polymers
ee
ee
ee
(B) Polythene C)Polystyrene (D)PVC
(A)Bakelite
ar
ar
ar
MHT-CET 2016
C
C
polymer is
10. Correct statement for thermoplastic
heating under pressure
(A)It does not become soft on
(B)It cannot be remoulded
(C)It is eitherlinear or branched chain polymer
(D)It is cross-linked polymer
e
ce
ce
nc
MHT-CET 2017
en
en
in making handles of
cookers and frying pans is
I1. The polymer used
ie
(C)orlon D)polyvinyl chloride

(B) nylon-2-nylon-6
ci
ci
(A) bakelite
Sc
rS
rS
MHT-CET 2019
is NOT a semi-synthetic
polymer?
Which among the following
ee
ee
ee
12. (B) Terylene

(A) Cupra-ammonium silk (D) Viscose Rayon
ar
ar
ar
(C) Acetate Rayon

polymer is used in paints?
C
13. Which of the following (C)Melamine (D) Novolac

(A)Buna-S (B) Gutta percha
natural polymer?
14. Which of the following is a C)Nylon D)Linen
(A)Orlon (B) Teflon
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
15. A polymer which becomes soft on heating and hard
(A) thermoplastic polymer on cooling, belongs to class ot
C
(B) fibers
(C) elastomer
(D) thermosetting polymer
polymer does not show cross linking in itf
(A) Bakelite (B) Melamine (D) Vulcanized Rubber
(C) Nylon-6
17. Which of the following polymers is
prepared by using Zieglar-Natta catalyst?
e
e
(A)Low density polythene (B) High density polythene
nc
nc
nc
(C)Polyacrylonitrile (D)Poly tetrafluoro ethylene
ie
ie
ie
18. Natural rubber is a linear polymer of
(A) isoprene
Sc
Sc
Sc
(B) 1,3-butadiene (C)vinyl chloride (D) styrene
*19. Novolac is obtained from
r
r
(A) Phenol (B) Tetrafluroethylene
ee
ee
ee
(C) Melamine and formaldehyde (D) Phenol and formaldehyde
ar
ar
ar
20. Which of the following polymer has ester linkage?
C
C
(A) Bakelite (B) Nylon (C) Terylene (D) PVC
MHT-CET 2020
21. Which of the following monomers is used in manufacture of Neoprene rubber?
(A)Styrene (B)2-Chlorobuta-1,3-diene
e
e
(C)1,3-Butadiene (D)Isobutylene
nc
nc
nc
22. Identify addition polymer from following.
ie
ie
ie
(A)Orlon (B)Nylon-6,6
(C)Polyester
Sc
Sc
Sc
(D)Urea formaldehyde polymer
23. Which among the following is a linear polymer?
r
r
(A) Vulcanised rubber
ee
ee
ee
(B)Polypropylene
C)Melamine (D)Polyvinylchloride
ar
ar
ar
24. Which among the following formula represents the e-amino caproic
acid?
C
C
(A) H2N-(CH)s -COOH T9B) H,N-CO-CH2- CH
COOH
e
ce
ce
(C) HO-CH2 CH-cOOH D) HN-CH, -COOH

nc
en
en
NH2
ie
ci
ci
*25. Which of the following polymers is prepared by using

Sc
phenol?
rS
rS
(A)Bakelite (B) Neoprene (C)Teflon D)Melamine

26. Which polymer is obtained from monomers 3-Hydroxybutanoic
ee
ee
ee
acid? acid and 3-Hydroxypentano

ar
ar
ar
(A)PHBV (B)Nylon-2-nylon-6 (C)HDPE

(D)Dextron
C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Which among the following Introduction to Polymer Chemistry (381)
ar
ar
ar
27,
monomers is
used to prepare Teflon?
C
(A) CH2=
H B)CF= CF2
(9CH,-CH-C (D)CH-CH- CH
CH
28. Which among the following is
a cross-linked polymer?
(A)PVC
e
e
(C)Orlon (B) Vulcanized rubber
nc
nc
nc
(D)Polypropylene
29. Which among the following polymer is used
ie
ie
ie
(A)HDPE to make crockeries?
(B) Buna-N
Sc
Sc
Sc
(C)Buna-S (D)Melamine
30. Which among the following is an
example of addition polymer?
(A)Urea formaldehyde
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(B) Teflon
(C)PHBV
(D)Nylon-6,6
ar
ar
ar
31. Which of the following compounds contain-CO-NH-linkage?
C
C
A
(A)Hexamethylene diamine (B) Vinyl cyanide
(C) Dimethylterephthalate
De-Caprolactum
32. Which of the following properties is of thermoplastic polymer?
(A)These can't be remoulded.
(B) These are either linear or branched chain polymers. -1.08
e
e
(C) These can't be recycled.
nc
nc
nc
(D)These do not become soft on heating.
ie
ie
ie
33. Which among the following polymers belongs to the class elastomers?
Sc
Sc
(A) Nylon (B) Polystyrene (C) Neoprene D) Bakelite

Sc
34. Identify the monomers used in preparation of PHBV polymer.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(A) 3-Hydroxybutanoic acid and 3-hydroxypentanoic acid
B) Lactic acid and glycolic acid
ar
ar
ar
(CStyrene and glycolic acid eni
C
C
(D) Glycine and w amino caproic acid
35. Which of the following compounds is present in natural rubber as a monomer?
(A) 2-Methy1-1,3-butadiene (B) Styrene
(D) 1,3-Butadiene
(C) 2-Chloro-1,3-butadiene
high density polythene.
36. Identify the catalyst used in the manufacture of
e
ce
ce
(B) V,05
(A) Co-Th alloy
nc
(D) TiCl4 along with Al(CaHs)s

en
en
(C) MnO2
ie
does NOT contain ester linkage in it?

ci
ci
37. Which polymer among the following

Sc
(PHBV Nylon-2-nylon-6
(D)
rS
rS
(A) Dextron (B) Dacron

the thermosetting polymers?
38. Which of the following properties of
is
ee
ee
ee
(A)These are cross linked polymers.

6oft.
(B) On heating these become
ar
ar
ar
(C)These can be remoulded.

C
(D)These can be recycled.

leather?
39. Which polymer from
following is used as synthetic
(B) Bakelite (C)Polythene (D)Polystyrene
(A)PVC
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
(382)MHT-CET Exam CQuestions
ar
ar
ar
*40. Identify the monomers used in preparation Novolac.
of
C
(A)Phenol and Ethanol (B) Phenol and Methanal
(C) Urea and Methanal (D)Urea and Phenol
41. Which among the following polymers belongs to class thermoplastic polymers?
(A)Bakelite B) Neoprene (C) Terylene D)Polythene
*42. Which among the following polymers is used for making handies of cooker?
e
e
nc
nc
nc
(A)Bekelite (B)Acrilan (C) Melamine (D)Novolac
ie
ie
ie
43. Identify thermoplastic polymer from following
Sc
Sc
Sc
(A)Neoprene B)Polystyrene (C)Bakelite (D)Nylon-6
44. Which among the following catalysts is used in the preparation dacron?
r
r
ee
ee
ee
(A)Oxygen (B) Zinc acetate and antimony trioxide
(C) Peroxide D)Titanium chloride and triethyl aluminium
ar
ar
ar
45. Which among the following is used as a monomer for the preparation of neoprene?
C
C
(A)Styrene (B) Isoprene (C) Chloroprene (D)Glycine
46. Which among the following is biodegradable polymer?
(A)PHBV (B)PTFE (C) Buna-N (D)PVC
47. Identify the use of Buna-N.
e
e
(A) For making inner tubes of tyres (B) In making soles of shoes
nc
nc
nc
(C)To prepare bubble gums (D) Tomanufacture chemical containers
ie
ie
ie
48. Which among the following polymers is a copolymer ?
Sc
Sc
(A) Polystyrene (B) Nylon-6 (C) Polythene

Sc D) ABS plastic
49. Which among the following polymers is obtained first by formation of salt by neutralization and
r
r
ee
ee
ee
then by step growth polymerization?
(A) Nylon-6 (B) Nylon-6,6 C) Novolac (P) Polyester
ar
ar
ar
50. Which among the following polymers is obtained from CH=CH-CN by polymerisation?
C
C
(A)Teflona (B) Neoprene (C)Orlon (D)PVC
51. Which among the following polymers is prepared by using Zeigler - Natta catalyst?
(A) LDPE (B) HDPE (C) Orlonn (D) Dacron
52. Which of the following compounds is used to prepare orlon?

e
ce
ce
(B) CH2= CH-CN

nc
(A) CH= C(CH3)2

(D)HC=CH-
en
en
(C)HOOC-(CH)4-CoOH CH = CH2
ie
ci
ci
Sc
53. Which of the following polymers is obtained from chloroprene?

rS
rS
(A) Butyl nubber B) Neoprene rubber (C) Buna-S (D) Buna-N

ee
ee
ee
54. Which of the following polymers is used to obtain adhesives?

ar
ar
ar
(A) Buna-N (B) Neoprene rubber (C) Melamine (D) Buna-S

C
55. Which among the following catalysts is used in preparation of terylene?

(A)Benzoyl peroxide (B) Oxygen
(C) Zinc acetate and antimony trioxide (D)Alkali
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
s6. Which from following polymers
is used to make blankets?
(A)Terylene
C
(C)Nylon-2-nylon-6 (B)PAN
D)Nylon-6,6
57. Which among the following polymers
does NOT contain amide linkage in
(A) Orlon it
(B) Urea formaldehyde polymer
(C) Nylon-6,6
e
e
(D) Nylon-2-nylon-6
nc
nc
nc
58. Which among the following polymers can NOT be remoulded?
(A) PVC B) Polystyrene
ie
ie
ie
C) Polythene D) Bakelite
Sc
Sc
Sc
59. Which among the following polymers is obtained
from styrene and1-3-Butadiene?
(A) PHBV (B) SBR (C) Buna-N (D) Butyl ubber
r
r
ee
ee
ee
60. Which of the following polymers contain ester linkage?
ar
ar
ar
(A)Neoprene (B)PHBV (C)Orlon (D)Buna-S
C
C
61. Which of the following polymers is used as insulation for cables?
(A) Teflon (B) LDPE (C) Neoprene rubber (D) HDPE
62. Identify the natural polymer from following.

(A)Bakelite (B) Cuprammonium silk
e
e
(C) Linen D)Acetate rayon
nc
nc
nc
63. Which of the following pair of compounds is used as monomers for bakelite?
ie
ie
ie
(A)(CH3)2 C= CH2 and CH2= CH- CN
Sc
Sc
(B) HCHO and CsHlsOH

Sc
(C)HCHO and H2NCONH2
r
r
CH-CH= CH
ee
ee
ee
D)CHCH= CH2 and CH;=
present in a molecule of melamine i
ar
ar
ar
64. The number of -NH2 groups (C)3 (D) 2
1
(B)
C
C
(A) 4
65. Identify the ploymer obtained by

polymerisation of nmoles of arcylonitrile.
(C) PVC (D) Teflon
(A) Orlon (B) SBR
contains amide linkage.
66. Identify the polymer from following that (C)Nylon-6,6 D)PHBV
B) Terylene
e
ce
ce
(A)Dextron
nc
polymer?
polymers is an example of addition
en
en

ie
(B) Nylon
(A)Ureaformaldehyde polymer
ci
ci
D)Dacron
Sc
(C)Polythene
rS
rS
heteropolymer ?
68. Which among the
following polymers is a D)Polystyrene
y(C)Polythene
ee
ee
ee
(B)Nylon-6 1
(A)Buna-N
containers?
ar
ar
ar
following polymers 15 Used to manutacture chemical

69. Which among the (B) Buna-N
C
(A)Neoprene rubber (D) Butyl rubber

rubber
(C) Styrene butadiene
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
SOLUTIONS
C
M
1. (B)
2. (C)
Rayon is a regenerated fibre.
3. (C)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
Ethylene glycol on reaction with terephthalic acid forms the polymer terylene (also known as
dacron) which is used as synthetic fibre.
ie
ie
ie
4. (C)
Sc
Sc
Sc
Natural rubber is a polymer of isoprene.
r
r
nCH=CH-Ç=CH2omerisatlonCH-CH-=Ç-CHt
ee
ee
ee
CH 01 CH
ar
ar
ar
Natural rubber
C
C
5. (B)
Nylon-6, 6 is a condensation polymer of adipic acid & hexamethylene diamine. It is a polyamide.
6. (C)
Neoprene is synthetic rubber and is a polymer of chloroprene which is chemically
2-Chlorobuta-1,3-diene.
e
e
nc
nc
nc
DCH2=C-CH = CH2- tCH,-Ç=CH-CH2t
ie
ie
ie
Cl CI
Sc
Sc
Chloroprene Neoprene
Sc
7. (C)
r
r
The general struchure of any nylon polymer is
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
R-C-N-R{
C
C
H
Amide linkage
Because of the presence of amide linkage, nylon belongs to polyamides.
8. (D)
e
ce
ce
Heteropolymers are composed by joining of more than one kind of monomers. Nylon 6, 6 is
nc
formed by combination of adipic acid HOOC-(CH,)4-COOH and hexamethylene diamine

en
en
HN-(CH)-NH
ie
ci
ci
9. (A)
Sc
Thermosetting polymers do not become soft on heating under pressure,

rS
rS
hence cannot D
remoulded and recycled.
e.g.Bakelite
ee
ee
ee
While polythene, polysyerene and PVC are thermoplastic polymers.

ar
ar
ar
10. (C)
Thermoplastic polymer is a linear or branched polymer
C
which can be remoulded and beco

soft on heating under pressure,
11.(A) 12. (B) 13. (D)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
14. (D) Introduction to Polymer Chemistry (385)
C
Linen is natural polymer
while Orlon, Teflon
and Nylon are synthetic polymers.
15. (A)
The polymer which becomes
soft
does not become soft on heating on heating is thermoplastic polymer while the polymer whicn
is called thermosetting polymer.
e
e
16. (C)
nc
nc
nc
Nylon-6 is type of fiber polymer.
All other are examples cross linking
ie
ie
ie
of polymer.
17. (B) 18. (A)
Sc
Sc
Sc
19.(D) 20. (C)
21. (B)
r
r
The monomer used is chloroprene (2-chlorobuta-1,3-diene).
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
CI
n CHC-CH=CHa
C
C
CHC=CH-CH,
2-Chlorobuta-1;3-dienc
benoyl peroxrde
Neoprene
t
22.(A)
Orlon is addition polymer and others are condensation polymers.
eatil
23.(D)
e
e
nc
nc
nc
i. Linear polymer- Polyvinylchloride
ii. Branched chain polymer-Polypropylene
ie
ie
ie
ii. Network or cross linked polymer- Vulcanised rubber, Melamine.
Sc
Sc
24. (A) 25.(A)

Sc
r
r
26. (A)
ee
ee
ee
PHBV is obtained by the copolymerisation of 3-hydroxybutanoic acid & 3- hydroxypentanoic
acid.
ar
ar
ar
OH OH
C
C
CH CH-CH-COOH +CH-CH-H-CH-coOH foCH-CH C-oCH-CH-
CHCH,
3-Hydraybutanotc actd 3-Hydroxypentanotc actd
'PHIBVt
8
it
(r2907old
27.(B)
e
ce
ce
Catalyst -Chh
CF = CF CF2 Teflon
nc
n High Pressure
en
en
Tetrafluoroethene
ie
28. (B) 29. (D)

ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
30. (B)
Polymerization fCF -CF
nCF CR =
ee
ee
ee
Peroxide Teflon (
Tetrafluoroethene
ar
ar
ar
31.(D) 32. (B) 33. (C)

C
34. (A)
OH
OH -cH-CHrf-0-CH-CH-c
CH-H-cH-CoOH + CHCHCH-CHCooH
3-Hydroxypentanote acdd
OCH,CH,0
PHBV
3-Hydroxybutanoic acdd
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
35. (A)
C
CH ÇH
nn CH, =C-CH=CH, Polymerization
tCH,--CH-CH
2-Methyl -1,3-butadiene
e
e
nc
nc
nc
Isoprene) Natural rubber
ie
ie
ie
36. (D)
Sc
Sc
Sc
37. (D)
Nylon-2-nylon-6 has polyamide linkage in it.
r
r
ee
ee
ee
38. (A) 39. (A)
40. (B)
ar
ar
ar
C
C
QH OH OH OH
CHOH CHOH HOHC CH,OH
+CEO ar bore + IOJ
Pheno (Formaldehyde) 0b 87 CHOH CHOH
e
e
nc
nc
nc
QH QH GOH OH bard
CHOH CH CH m
HC
ie
ie
ie
O
Sc
Sc
Sc
Novolac).
r
r
ee
ee
ee
41. D) 42. (A)c 43.(B)i 144. (B)d anio t TEH
ar
ar
ar
45. (C)
CI
C
C
n CH=C-CH=CH CHC CH-CH
2-Chloobuta-1,3-diene Neoprene
(Chloroprene)
e
ce
ce
46. (A)
nc
9793
en
en
47.(B)
ie
ci
ci
Buna-N is a copolymer of 1,3-butadiene and acrylonitrile.

Sc
rS
rS
It is used in making soles of shoes.

ee
ee
ee
48.(D)
ar
ar
ar
Polystyrene is a homopolymer of styrene.

C
Nylon-6 is a homopolymer of caprolactum.

Polythene is a homopolymer of ethene
ABS plastic is a copolymer of acrylonitrile, butadiene and styrene
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
Introduction to Polymer Chemistry (397)
49. (B)
C
nHN-(CH,), -NH, + n HO-C-(CH,),
-Ë-OH
e
e
-H,O
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
C-(CH,)-C- NH(CH,), -NH-
r
r
ee
ee
ee
First step by neutralization and then by step growth
polymerisation.
zgloih
ar
ar
ar
bezu
C
C
50.(C) (8
Orlon is a commercial name of PAN: Polyacrylonitrile whose monomer is Acrylonitrile.
n CH,=CHCN- CH,-CH
e
e
nc
nc
nc
PAN
ie
ie
ie
51. (B)
Sc
Sc
The catalyst in Zeigler Natta

Sc
(CHs)»Al + TiC which is used to prepare high density
polyethene (HDPE).
(8
r
r
ee
ee
ee
52. (B)
ar
ar
ar
CHCN Polymerizalion +CH, -CH
nCH, =
Peroxide
C
C
Acrylonitrile CN
791InViagO Jn
Orlon/Polyacrylonitrile
e
ce
ce
nc
53. (B)
en
en
ie
Polymerisation
CH-C--CH
ci
ci
nH,C=C-f=CH,-
Sc
Ci H
rS
rS
CI
Neoprene
ee
ee
ee
Chloroprene
Synthetic rubber
ar
ar
ar
54.(A)
C
adhesives or as a pigment binder.

Buna-N is used in the preparation of
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
55. (C)
C
(CH,CO0),zn
n[HO-CH,-CH, -OH]+n HO-C
L Sb,O,
500 K
e
e
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
FoCH-CH, -0-Ë-
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Terylene
Catalyst used is zinc acetate and antimony trioxide.
ar
ar
ar
C
C
56. (B)
PAN Polyacrylonitrile is used in making blankets (artificial wool).
57. (A)
Orlon:
2CH, =CHCN H,C-çH
e
e
nc
nc
nc
n
Polyacryonitrie
ie
ie
ie
It has -CN linkage only. d
Sc
Sc
Sc
58. (D)
r
r
ee
ee
ee
Bakelite is thermosetting polymer. These polymers are rigid and cannot be remoulded
ar
ar
ar
59. (B)
C
C
Buna-S or styrene butadiene rubber (SBR): It is a copolymer of styrene & 1,3-butadiene.
CH-CH CH-CH CH-CH-CH-CH-
nCH=CH-CH-CH,L0
e
ce
ce
nc
en
en
1,3-Betadicne SBR (Buna-S)

ie
yree
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
60.(B)
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
0-CH-CH,-f-0-H-CH,-C
C
CH CH-CH
(PHBV)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
61. (B)
inert, toug,
LDPE 1S most commonly used in the insulation of cables because it is chemically
flexible and poor conductor of electricity.
62. (C)
Linen is natural polymer obtained from flax plant.
e
e
nc
nc
nc
63. (B)
ie
ie
ie
OH OH QH
HOH,C CH,OH CH,OH
A
Sc
Sc
Sc
CH,OH
+CH, Acid
base
r
r
Phenol Formeldehyde H,OH
ee
ee
ee
CHOH
Structure of Bakelite
ar
ar
ar
QH QH QH
C
C
CH w
www-.H,C CH,. CH 91t1
HO-H0= H.
CH CH CH
e
e
nc
nc
nc
QH
ie
ie
ie
wwHC CH CH CH,w
Sc
Sc
OH OH
Sc
r
r
ee
ee
ee
CH
ar
ar
ar
C
C
64. (C)
NH 1
7
e
ce
ce
:HN 1 NH
nc
en
en
Melamine
ie
3
Number of-NH2 groups
ci
ci
=
Sc
rS
rS
65.(A)
Polymerization,CH-CH
ee
ee
ee
nCH, = Peroxide
CN
ar
ar
ar
C
Polyacrylonitrile
(Orlon)
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
66. (C)
C
nHOOC (CH2)4- COOH +nH,N (CH:)6- NH2 -
adipic acid hexamethylene diamine

Amide linknge
e
e
nc
nc
nc
ë-(CH,)ë-N(CH,),- N-
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
nylon 6, 6
r
r
67. (C)
ee
ee
ee
Polymerisation
nCH, = CH,: CH,-CH
ar
ar
ar
C
C
Ethene Polythenee
68. (A)
nCH, = CH-CH=CH,+ nCH=CH,
Buta 1,3 - diene
CN
e
e
Acrylonitrile
nc
nc
nc
ie
ie
ie
Polymerisation
Sc
Sc
Sc
CH, -CH=CH-CH, -CH-CH,-
r
r
ee
ee
ee
CN
ar
ar
ar
Buna - N
C
C
Buna-N is formed by two different types of monomer, so it is an example of heteropolymer.
69. (A)
Neoprene's chemical inertness helps it resist impacts from weather, ozone and other outdoor
variables as well as withstand petroleum based mixtures such as solvents, oils and greases.
e
ce
ce
Because it is stable and unreactive, neoprene can also be used to make corrosion resistance
nc
coatings and as a base for adhesives. It is also used to manufacture chemical containers.
en
en
ie
ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
16. Green Chemistry and Nanochemistry
C
C
Green chemistry: Green chemistry is the use of chemistry for pollution prevention and it
designs the use of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use or
e
e
generation of hazardous substances.
nc
nc
nc
.Principles of Green Chemistry
ie
ie
ie
Sc
Sc
Sc
Prevention of waste or by-products
Atom cconomy
r
r
ee
ee
ee
*.ww.*******Less hazardous chemical synthesis
Designing safer chemicals
ar
ar
ar
Use sater solvent and auxiliaricCs
C
C
Design for energy efficlency
12 Principles of
Use of renewable fecdstocks
Green Chemistry
Reduce derivatives (Minimization of steps)
Use of catalysis
e
e
Design for degradation
nc
nc
nc
Real-time analysis for pollution prevention
ie
ie
ie
Safer chenmistry for accident prevention
Sc
Sc
Sc
The atom economy of a process can be calculated using the following formula:
r
r
ee
ee
ee
welgnt of the desired product
OId
% atom economy Sum of formula weight of all the reactants used in the reaction-x1
100
ar
ar
ar
C
C
Consider the conversion of Butan-1-ol to 1-bromobutane.
-CH2-CH,OH+NaBr+H2$04 CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-Br+NaHSO4+H2,o
CH-CH
mass of 1bromo butane 23iit nna
e
ce
ce
atom economy - X100

sum of mass of 1-butanol+sodium bromide + sulphuric acid
nc
y cto0: 70
en
en
ie
mass of (4C+9H +1Br) atoms

x100
ci
ci
mass of (4C+12H +50+1Br+1 Na+IS) atoms 1D# 1ttd

Sc
rS
rS
137100 =
49.81 %
ee
ee
ee
275u
ar
ar
ar
C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
ar
ar
ar
C
Chart to Sort Plastic Material in Daily Life:
****
***** ***: **". *** *. ***
PETE
e
e
Nunaber : PSTE or PET HDPE
i
nc
nc
nc
(Pvowhylese rvephthakat Namber 2: HDPK (hlgh
Ured n microwavable foad trayw; dentty polymhylene)
Vend In houschold clemet and
sala dreing. non drink, water and
ie
ie
ie
beer botk ahmpao bottlen
Ststes t' tranumits no known chermicals
Sc
Sc
Sc
Slatus: hard to ckean; ahworbs hecteria
imto foad
and tiavo avoid reusNng To Ms
Recyced To Make : canpet Is Recyded defergent
new contsiners, polar/ hotles, Sencing, lonr stiles, pes
r
r
umitare,
ee
ee
ee
cece
ar
ar
ar
0ther
Nuber 7: Goher
C
C
Dsed Number 3: Vor PVC
Ia: 3-and 5-galon watejug
norne
yion, food cootaincts
Stus: Contsins bispbcnol A, hich Used Ia cooking oil botles, clear
hts been inked to beart discave and HOUSEHOLD food packaging, moulhwaxh botdea
obesits vaid PLASTICSS Statns is beved to contain
I Recycded To Make : custom phnlnies that interfere with homonat
products development; avoid
de Becycled to Make : cables
e
e
mudilaps, paneing, rvadway/
nc
nc
nc
gutters
ie
ie
ie
PS
Sc
Sc
Number 6: PS
Sc
(Puysyree LDPE
TedIs: dipoable cups and plts, Number4: LDPE (Low
r
r
ECrons, tako-out contine
Nanmber
5: PP
ee
ee
ee
(Palypropyenc) densiy polyeliylene
Stats: is beivad lo keach styrene Ued ia bread and sropping bag
Ued In: krtchup boftles, medicine
poasibke nan
canrcinogen into
and syrup botle, drieking straws canet, ciothing, fAurniture
ar
ar
ar
food voi Stahus Transmits no nowa
Eecyced To Mte : foam SEtRs: ranimits no known themicals
irto foad chemicals into knod
tion, light
C
C
Pen
wchpates, ruers Reryced To Make baftery I Reyced To Make : envelopes,
ahles, brorns, ioe srapers, rakes Hocr tiles, humber, trisi-tcan liners
e
ce
ce
: It is the combination of chemistry and nanoscience. It deals with designing

nc
Nanochemistry
en
en
and synthesis of materials of nanoscale with different size and shape, structure and composition
ie
and their organization into functional architecture.

ci
ci
Sc
rS
rS
. Characteristic features of nanoparticles:

ee
ee
ee
1. Colour
2. Surface area
ar
ar
ar
3. Catalytic activity
C
C
ce
ce
ce
en
en
en
ci
ci
ci
S
rS
rS
ee
ee
ee
Green Cheomistry and Nanochemistry (393)
ar
ar
ar
C
C
The analytical tools used for characterization of nanoparticles are:
Name of Technique Instrument used Information
1. UV-visible spectroscopy UV-visible |
Preliminary confirmation
spectrophotometer of formation of
nanoparticles
e
e
2. |X-ray Diffraction (CXRD) | X-ray diffractometer particle size, crystal
nc
nc
nc
structure, geometry
Scanning electron Scanning electron Structure of surface of
ie
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4. Transmission electron Transmission electron particle size
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spectrophotometer
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Applications of Nanoparticles
1. Nanoparticles contribute to stronger, lighter, cleaner and smarter surfaces and systems.
They are used in the manufacture of scratchproof eyeglasses, transport, sunscreen, crack
resistant paints, etc.
2. Used in electronic devices like Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory (MRAM).
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3. Nanotechnology plays an important role in water purification techniques.
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4. Self cleansing materials : Lotus is an example of self cleansing. Nanostructures
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cleaning windows.
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. Advantages and disadvantages of nanoparticles and nanotechnology:
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storage more efficient.
Nanotechnology makes solar power more economical and energy
. Nanotechnology is used in the manufacture of smart drugs which cure life
threatening
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diseases.
Disadvantages: dangerous for living organisms
1. Nanotechnology causes environmental pollution which is
known as nano pollution. 1-fi

2. Nanoparticles can cause lung
damage.
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first time for CET 2021. Find sample

This topic has been included in the CET syllabus for the
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is enzymatically synthesized from
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glucose.
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(A) adipic acid
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nanoparticles are used for water purification?

2. Which highly effective and cost effective
(B) copper nanoparticles
(A) gold nanoparticles
(D)silica nanoparticles
(C) silver nanoparticles
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(A)Absorption spectroscopy
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(C) Emission spectroscopy
D)Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
4. The plastic microwavable food trays and soft drinks bottles made from polyethylene
terephthalate (PET) can be recycled to make
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(A) carpets, furniture, new containers
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(B) battery cables, brooms, ice scrapers
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(C) custom made products
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(D) cables, mudflaps, panelling, roadway gutters
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(C)design of safer chemicals
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6. Which of the following is not one of the twelve principles of green chemistry?
(A)using renewable feedstocks
(B) designing safer chemicals and products
(C) maximizing atom economy
(D)avoiding the use of catalysts
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7. What is the information obtained from UV-visible spectroscopy when used for nanomaterials?
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(A)morphology of structure
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10. The material synthesized on the nanometer scale possess

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SOLUTIONS
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Other units> 1 kg= 1000 g

5. Temperature: SI unit Kelvin (K)

Other units °C (degree celcius)

Celcius to Fahrenheit: F= ¢C) +32

Celcius to Kelvin: K= °C+273.15

a. I mole=6.022 x 10 species (i.e. atoms, molecules, ions etc.)

Sum of (Isotopic mass x% Abundance)

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which symbol replaces the unit of atomic

(B)A (C)M (D)n

2. What is the SI unit of density?

Which law is illustrated in this example?

5. Number of gram ntoms of an clement preaent in onc atom of the clement is

11. Which gas among the following contains maximum number of

10 mol and 1.5 x 10 atoms

14. What will be the volume of oxygen gas produced, if the

2KCIO3 2KCl+302() AH°= -78kJ is carried out at S.T.P.?

(B) 48.0 L (C) 67.2 LL (D) 22.4 L

15. Which among the following elements has highest

(At. No.: Au = 197, Na = 23, Cu = 63.5, Fe= 56)

(A) Fe (B) Au)

16. The volume of oxygen required for complete

24. How many moles of methane are present in 11.2 L at S.T.P.?

(B) united mass (C)unique mass (D)universal mass

kg m is the SI unit of density.

Maximum no. of moles

= Maximum no. of molecules.

Vol. of NH gas at STP = 5.6 cm° =5.6 x 10 dm

Now 22.4 dm' of NH3 =1 mole ofNH, at STP

5.6x 10 dm' of NH,= 2.5x 10 mol of NH

20. (D) 91. X7.016

Average isotopic mass x6.015+

So, LaH doesn't follow law of constant proportion

Mass of H,O =no. of moles x molar mass

Energy of quantum of radiation (E)

Planck's constant = 6.626 x 1034 Js

Wave number of series of hydrogen spectrum:

Where, wave number

Lyman 2,3,4,... Ultra violet

Atomic Orbitals and Quantum Numbers:

Number of orbitals in a main energy level =n*

Number of electrons in each orbital = 2

Maximum number of electrons in a main shell = 2n1.

l=3 4f 2 x3+] =7| m,-3

The anomalous clectronle configuration of Chromium and Copper

Multiple Choice Questions Sc

(A)3 (B) 6 (C)9 (D) 10

(A)4 (B) 10 (C)14 (D)11

4. If m, =0, electron is present in

(A)s orbital (B)p orbital (C)d orbital D)forbital

6. The maximum number of electrons in a subshell is given by expression

(A) (B) 2n (C)2 (2/+ 1) D)n-1