Investigating Grip Study of Different Types of Footwear Soiling Materials in SATRA STD

Volume 7, Issue 4, April – 2022 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
Investigating Grip Study of Different Types of

Footwear Soiling Materials in SATRA Std
S. Jaiganesh
Tooling Engineer Department of PED in P A Footwear P Ltd
Loganathan.T1, Vishva Kumar, K. Elayaraja

Faculty Department of FDP in Footwear Design and Development Institute,
Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Govt. of India
Abstract:- An outsole is a critical bottom a part of a shoe polyurethane, or polyvinyl chloride (PVC) compound.
that is available in direct touch with floor in line with Outsole thickness and density and the type of substances
shoe production. Shoe outsole undergoes exclusive forms used in manufacture and layout also vary among
of stresses & strains even as standing, on foot, going for manufacturers. Changes in density and thickness have been
walks and so forth. And those stresses & traces range proven to affect the steadiness and balance of the user.
material to material. In this analysis, slip resistance of an Shoes which are synthetic with a thicker and softer outsole
outsole version using unique materials has been analyzed had been related to will increase in dynamic instability and a
to discover the grip of a sole. Slip Resistance is the reduction is postural stability. Conversely footwear which
amount of resistance the only of the shoe exerts even as has a thinner stiffer outsole enhances each stability and
moving over the on foot floor. It is measured in COF balance parameters. The design of outsoles immediately
Coefficient of Friction, which is same to the ratio affects the floor response pressure strolling. In order to
between the maximal frictional pressure that the only of design a practical outsole, biomechanics and other new
the shoe exerts and the pressure pushing the sole across technologies ought to be considered and the layout
the floor. procedure ought to be tested inside the biomechanics
laboratory over and over. Slip resistance is the most
Keywords:- Outsole materials, Soiling Materials, Material important method to analyses the grip of a outsole. The slip
properties, Slip Resistance Testing. resistance is all about traction and grip among a shoe sole
and the floor, with this may complete gadget for measuring
I. INTRODUCTION slip resistance, each in flooring and in shoes. Slip resistance
Footwear plays an important function in protective the measured on a scale based on the COF. The scale runs from
foot from the alternative resources via reducing the dangers 0.00, equivalent to an ice skating rink or some other
associated with trauma and allows users to have ached extraordinarily slippery condition, up to 1.00, that's like
unfastened locomotion over quite a number walking strolling on dry carpet. So essentially, the better the
surfaces. Footwear is considered as one of the predominant quantity, the more the slip resistance.
requirements of a whole gown look. There are diverse styles II. MATERIALS AND METHOD
of shoes with one of kind buildings worn via humans to
fulfill their requirements. The design of shoe varies fairly The soiling substances are Poly Urethane (PU),
thru time and from subculture to way of life, with Thermoplastic rubber (TPR), High density polyethylene
appearance firstly being tied to feature and extra over (HDPE) and Polyvinyl chloride (PVC). By knowing the
fashion dictated many design factors, consisting of whether COF of the specific sole material can calculate the slip
or not shoes have very excessive heels or flat ones. A resistance.
contemporary shoe varies widely in fashion, complexity and
value. All footwear has an outsole, which is the bottom a III. MATERIAL PROPERTIES
part of a shoe in keeping with shoe creation. The outsole is
the layer in direct contact with the ground. Dress footwear Polyurethane is a circle of relatives of polymers
often have leather-based or resin rubber outsoles, informal containing urethane chemical linkages formed through
or paintings orientated shoes have outsoles made from reacting substances containing hydroxyl chemical agencies
herbal rubber or an artificial material like polyurethane. The with isocyanates. Good footwear ought to be cozy, long-
outsole might also incorporate a single piece, or may be an lasting, and in shape for cause – not to mention lower
assembly of separate pieces or one of a kind substance. In a priced. Polyurethanes allow designers to meet all of those
few footwear, the heel of the only has a rubber plate for objectives. Light but exceedingly abrasion-resistant
durability and traction, at the same time as the front is polyurethanes are perfect for hardwearing shoe soles, with
leather-based for fashion. Some special footwear will often remarkable lengthy-time period mechanical residences.
have adjustments on this design; athletic or so referred to as Thermoplastic rubber is one of the maximum not unusual
cleated footwear like soccer, rugby, and baseball and golfing materials for making shoes outsoles. TPR is a shape of
footwear have spikes embedded within the outsole to artificial rubber this is thermoplastic. There are some of
improve traction. Outsoles may be crafted from an reasons for its reputation as a soling fabric, now not the least
expansion of materials, despite the fact that maximum of that is its ease of molding. Other benefits encompass: the
current footwear has outsoles crafted from natural rubber, slip resistance of TPR sole that is advanced to almost each
IJISRT22APR1082 www.ijisrt.com 1527

ISSN No:-2456-2165
different commonplace soling cloth; flexing resistance is V. CONCLUSION
likewise superb, acting in particular nicely at very bloodless
temperatures. PVC is a thermoplastic fabric. Thermoplastic Research institutes like SATRA has completed
materials are people who may be melted time and again. enormous paintings on checking out techniques and layout
These substances may be heated to a positive temperature tenet for higher slip resistance. This paper summarized the
and could harden once more as they cool. Besides technical know-how and pointers which shed some light on how to
performance, environmental performance is likewise of choose the slip resistance and choose the shoes. It requires
fundamental significance in selecting the substances today. expertise and accumulation to select the right shoes healthy
PVC is one of the materials that first-class satisfies each to one of a kind applications and purposes. It is even extra
requirement. HDPE is extremely harder and extra opaque hard to develop shoes to achieve exact slip resistance
and it may resist instead higher temperatures. With a high towards distinctive programs. It has already acquired
energy-to-density ratio, HDPE is used inside the significant outcomes and gathered expertise at the
manufacturing of plastic bottles, corrosion-resistant piping, improvement of slip resistance cloth and pattern layout.
geomembranes, and plastic lumber. HDPE is usually However, greater research and technological step forward
recycled. HDPE is understood for its big electricity-to- are required to expand merchandise that would considerably
density ratio. It is likewise more difficult and extra opaque reduce the threat of slips and falls and ensure the protection
and can resist really higher temperatures (a hundred and of employees. For instance, greater paintings desires to be
twenty °C/ 248 °F for short durations, one hundred ten °C carried out to find out the correlation and magic of the
/230 °F constantly). complicated aggregate and interplay of cloth ingredients,
residences, sample layout and dimensions, and so forth.
IV. SLIP RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT While it may take enormous time to make the leap forward
and conquer the demanding situations, protection managers
Slip resistance dimension is one of the most crucial should usually unfold and enhance the primary knowledge
boundaries to the development of slip resistance shoes. A (suggestions, benefits, and boundaries of slip resistance
current rely identified round ninety two techniques for the shoes) as a way to better assist their employees in choosing
check of slip resistance the use of sixty two distinct gadgets suitable merchandise against the particular application for
since the first recognized tool was developed within the stopping slips and falls. In this paper, the authors also
1930s. All the check methods calculate the CoF by means of mentioned destiny challenges and top unsolved issues the
measuring the vertical and horizontal pressure along with shoes producers are going through inside the regions of slip
the movement guidelines. However, the test outcomes aren't resistance development and development. Hope the
regular despite the equal take a look at methods and testers. discussion helps to advantage insight into the reputation quo
One of the most essential motives is that the friction and future instructions in slip resistance research and opens
properties are sensitive to intrinsically noisy and outside a provocative discussion board for dialogue.
versions, e.G. Slip velocity, contact strain, touch attitude,
sort of floor, form of contaminant, and fabric abrasion REFERENCES
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ISSN No:-2456-2165
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Volume 7, Issue 4, April – 2022 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology

Investigating Grip Study of Different Types of

Loganathan.T1, Vishva Kumar, K. Elayaraja

IJISRT22APR1082 www.ijisrt.com 1527

IJISRT22APR1082 www.ijisrt.com 1528

IJISRT22APR1082 www.ijisrt.com 1529

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