Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences– Grade 11

Quarter 1 – Module 2: Comparing and Contrasting Social Sciences Disciplines

to Natural Sciences and Humanities

First Edition, 2020

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 DISCIPLINES AND IDEAS
IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES 11
Quarter 1
Self-Learning Module 2
Comparing and Contrasting Social Sciences Disciplines to
Natural Sciences and Humanities
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences Grade 11 Self-
Learning Module on Contrasting Social Sciences Disciplines to Natural Sciences
and Humanities!
This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and
reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and

independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims
to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Disciplines and Ideas in the Social Sciences Grade 11 Self-
Learning Module on Contrasting Social Sciences Disciplines to Natural Sciences
and Humanities!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an
active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

This module hopes to help you more to understand Social Sciences. In

this lesson, you are expected to:
a. compare and contrast Social Science Disciplines to Natural Sciences
and Humanities;
b. distinguish the difference between the Social Sciences, the Natural
Sciences, and the Humanities; and,
c. apply the concept of scientific method when studying various
phenomena.

PRETEST

Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on your
notebook.

1. To predict and explain various natural phenomena is the domain of

this body of knowledge.
a. Humanities c. Natural Sciences
b. Social Science d. Behavioral Sciences

2. It investigates human contracts, and tends to humanize human

through arts, music, and literature.
a. Humanities c. Natural Sciences
b. Social Science d. Behavioral Sciences

3. This body of knowledge enables us to comprehend the complexities of

social phenomenon, be it historical social, and political.
a. Humanities c. Natural Sciences
b. Social Science d. Behavioral Sciences

4. A means obtaining knowledge is employed in the empirical sciences

such as natural and social sciences.
a. Scientific method c. Life-history method
b. In-depth Interviews d. Focus-group discussion
 5. A stage of scientific method which involves the use of senses or
precision instruments.
a. Analysis c. Data gathering
b. Conclusion d. Hypothesis

RECAP

Let us try to remember the things that you have learned in Lesson No.1

Fill in the box with the 9 different Social Science disciplines and its
functions. Write your answer on your notebook.

1. _____________________

2. _____________________

3. _____________________

4. _____________________

5. _____________________

6. _____________________

7. _____________________

8. _____________________

9. _____________________
 LESSON

COMPARING AND CONTRASTING SOCIAL SCIENCES DISCIPLINES TO

NATURAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES

Science is defined as body of knowledge concerned with the observation and

classification of facts.

 Social Sciences, Natural Sciences, and Humanities are the

three out of four categories of human knowledge, each discipline
has its own history, and methods. Table 1 presents the important
characteristics of science.

CHARACTERISTICS EXPLANATION
a. Empirical A phenomenon should be observable
using the different senses
b. Propositional Things are explained in the form of
statements or generalizations
c. Logical Employs the rules of logic in order to
validate inferences
d. Public Ideas are communicated from one
scientists to another
e. Problem-solving Presents rational explanations about
unexplained observations
f. Continues Knowledge is built upon by previous
and future research on the subject

In order to substantiate the presentation of the characteristics of

science, as we have learned in the first lesson, social sciences tend to
describe and explain the relationships of people within a society. This
supports social sciences as a field of study as it examines the how people
behave and the effects of their actions in the society.

Now, let us move to the differences between the three categories of

human knowledge. As defined in the first lesson, Social Sciences attempt to
explain and describe human behavior in a society that relate to the
foundation and growth of human society. It is often referred as “soft
sciences”.
 Natural Sciences- Are body of knowledge that tends to study the
natural world, are sometimes called hard sciences, such as biology,
earth science, physical sciences.

Humanities- It investigates human contracts, and tends to

humanize human through arts, music and literature

The Scientific Method

Figure 1.

TOPIC The researcher selects a particular subject

matter depending on his or her interest; it could
be purely accidental sometimes.

PROBLEM The researcher defines the nature of the

problem where a theory can be developed along
the way; this is most important phase of inquiry

The researcher formulates a general statement

HYPOTHESIS of the problem that could give him or her an
idea on what to gather or omit.

This is the stage the stage of empirical research

METHODS OF involving the use of senses and/or precision
INQUIRY/DATA instruments; phenomenon must be carefully
GATHERING and accurately described and recorded.

The researcher formulates a scientific theory

ANALYSIS after a thorough analysis of data; a theory can
be changed or revised depending on the result of
future research. projects.

Both social sciences and natural science use scientific method in

dealing with its own fields, social sciences apply scientific method in its
attempt to explain human behavior, while natural sciences use it in
gathering data to understand natural phenomena.
 NATURAL SCIENCES SOCIAL SCIENCES
Experiments to validate its Unpredictable results
hypothesis
Quantifiable data Qualitative side

This two sciences may vary in validating and gathering its data for a
certain phenomenon, but we may also find some overlapping ideas on the
two disciplines, such as the objective of psychology in treating mental health
problems, this could be a part of biology as a natural science in its field of
studying the mechanisms of human brain.
At present, we need both the natural sciences and social sciences in
addressing effectively our societal issues and concerns be it about the
climate, human behavior or tracing the human origin.

The field of social science helps us in understanding the complexities

of human behavior as people continue to deal with societal concerns.

ACTIVITIES

Activity 3
A. Directions: Read the statements carefully. Write on your notebook the
word or words that make the statements Wrong, then write the correct
answer opposite it.
1. Social sciences, natural sciences and behavioral are the three out of
four categories of human knowledge.

2. A phenomenon should be observable using the different senses means

science is logical.

3. Humanities are body of knowledge that tends to study the natural

world, are sometimes called hard sciences.

4. The stage of empirical research involving the use of senses is analysis.

5. Problem-solving is a characteristic of science which means that

knowledge is built upon by previous and future subjects.
Activity 4

Directions: Below are some research problems. Identify if the study falls
under Natural Sciences or Social Sciences or both.

1. How is COVID-19 pandemic transmitted?

2. Why do people migrate from provinces to cities?

3. Is online learning effective?

4. Why is there an increase of depression among youngsters?

5. What are the impacts of climate change?

WRAP-UP

In your notebook, write your insights on how social science research help in
understanding the complexities of human society.

VALUING

Write in your notebook your reflection on how natural sciences, and social
sciences help in addressing the COVID-19 pandemic/other societal
concerns.
 POSTTEST

Direction: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on your
notebook.

1. A characteristics of science which explains that a phenomenon should

be observable using the different senses.
a. Empirical c. Logical
b. Continues d. Propositional

2. Which of the following stages of the scientific method use the senses
to carefully and accurately describe and record a phenomenon.
a. Analysis c. Conclusion
b. Data Gathering d. Hypothesis

3. To comprehend the historical, social, and political complexities of

social phenomenon is the goal of this body of knowledge
a. Humanities c. Natural Sciences
b. Social Science d. Behavioral Sciences

4. Natural and social sciences employ this means to gather data.

a. Scientific method c. Life-history method
b. In-depth Interviews d. Focus group discussion

5. Which of the following is the function of natural sciences?

a. It Identifies the internal and external behavioral factors

b. It predicts and explains various natural phenomena is the domain
of this body of knowledge
c. It enables us to comprehend the complexities of social
phenomenon, be it historical social, and political.
d. It investigates human contracts, and tends to humanize human
through arts, music, and literature
 KEY TO CORRECTION

Social Sciences
Sciences and
5. Natural
Sciences
5. Problem-solving- Continues and Social
gathering 4. Natural science B 5.
4. Analysis- Methods of inquiry/Data 3. Social sciences A 4.
3. Humanities- Natural Sciences 2. Social sciences B 3.
2. Logical- Empirical sciences B 2.
1. Behavioral- Humanities 1. Natural A 1.
Activity 5 Activity 6 POST- TEST

References

Ong, Jerome & Mary Dorothy. 2016. Disciplines and ideas in the Social
Sciences Systems. Quezon City: VIBAL Group, Inc. pp 1-44.
Tatel, Carlos Peña. 2016. Disciplines and ideas in the Social Sciences
Systems. Sampaloc Manila: Rex Bookstore Inc.

Table Illustrations and Figure

Characteristics of Science and the Scientific Method

John A. Perry and Erna K. Perry, Contemporary Society: An Introduction to

Social Sciences (Third Edition), p. 3.