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Understanding Culture, Society and Politics – Grade 11

Quarter 1 – Module 10: Undestanding Human Origins and the Capacity for
Culture
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education - Schools Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Edwin P. Oliver
Editor: Gerolyn A. Postrano
Reviewers: Gerolyn A. Postrano, and Brenfel Hajan
Illustrator: Rhea L. Labesores
Layout Artist: Clifchard D. Valente
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Aurelio G. Alfonso EdD
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Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

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Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
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Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
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 Understanding
Culture,Society, and
11
Politics

Quarter 1
Self-Learning Module 10
Undestanding Human Origins and the
Capacity for Culture
Introductory Message

For the Facilitator:

Welcome to the Understanding Culture, Society and Politics Grade 11 Self-

Learning Module on Undestanding Human Origins and the Capacity for Culture!

This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and

reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.

This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Understanding Culture, Society and Politics Self-Learning

Module on Undestanding Human Origins and the Capacity for Culture!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest - This measuresThis measure how much you have

learned from the entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

In this lesson, the students are expected to:

1. Trace the human origins and its capacity for cultural adaptation;
2. Explore the significance of human material remains and artefactual evidence
in interpreting cultural and social, political and economic processes; and
3. Give opportunities to realize the important role of the new generation to shift
perspectives and discover a whole new way of thinking.

PRETEST

Directions: Read each item carefully and determine whether the statement is true
or false. Write T if the statement is correct, otherwise write F if the statement is
false. Write your answer n the space provided.
____1 Homo erectus is also called “handy-man”.
____2. Home habilis was the first hominid species that was distributed in the “Old
World”
____3. Homo erectus was the first hominid species that was distributed in the
“Old World” and was discovered by Eugene Dubois.

____4. Australopithecus afarensis is known as the “southern ape”.

____5. Homo sapiens sapiens was characterized as the modern human.

RECAP
Direction: Choose the correct answers from the box below and fill in the blanks
with the appropriate response.

Language Cultural Relativism Technology Society

Culture Norms

______1. It represents the social structures and organization of the people

who share theshare the same beliefs and practices.practices..
 ______2. It is a concept that states that no culture is superior to any other
culture.
______3. It is a shared set of spoken and written symbols.
______4. It represents the beliefs, practices and artefacts of a group.
______5. It is the application of knowledge and equipment to ease the task of
living and maintaining the environment.

LESSON

The Human Origins and the Capacity for Cultures

The study of biological and cultural evolutions is the focal point to help us
how change commenced and influenced the flow of lifestyles in the modern age. The
prolonged manner of change of humans was once originated from apelike ancestors.
The physical and behavior inherited in the first human beings million years in the
past is a signal that humans are of apelike ancestry is the scientific substantiation.
Here we can see how contemporary instances have formed their physical look and
behavior. In this module, we will explore how our ancestors lived a simple life too
complicated at the same time as their appearance change due to the change in
environment in which they lived.

STAGES OF EVOLUTION OF MAN

Photo: https://blogs.ei.columbia.edu/2011/10/04/humans-continue-to-evolve/

Culture plays a significant role in our society and oftentimes misunderstood by

so many because of biological complexities to cultural diversities from one
community to the other tracing origins thousands of years ago. It is in this light also
that the ―human origins‖ be considered as a major tool in coming up a wider
perspective in understanding the process of the biological and cultural concept of
evolution, for instance, changes or development in cultures from a simple form to a
more complex form of human nature.

NeverthelessNevertheless, the ideas in terms of biological and cultural evolution

also have its own point of explanation which emanates from the evolution theory of
Charles Darwin, a famous evolutionist of all times.

Evolution is change in the heritable characteristics of biological populations over

successive generations. These characteristics are the expressions of genes that are
passed on from parent to offspring during reproduction. Different characteristics
tend to exist within any given population as a result of mutation, genetic
recombination and other sources of genetic variation (Wikipedia).

Toppr (n.d.) examined and enumerated the family to which human beings
belong. This classification is called Hominidae. Drypethicus was the primary
advancementprimary advancement man within the stages of evolution and some
believed that Drypethicus was the common predecessor of man and primates.

Dryopethicus

Dryopethicus was the most punctual known precursor of man. However,

Ramapethicus existed in the same way but appeared nearer to human-like structure
than Dryopethicus. Dryopethicus occupied the European locale and few parts of Asia
and Africa. Stages of advancement of people started from this genus. After
Dryopehticus and Ramapethicus came to the class Australopithecus which gone
before the class Homo.

Australopithecus

Australopithecus ramidus. A species that measures 1.2 meters tall and the fossils
appear the foramen magnum that were huge to demonstrate upright walking. They
had teeth like people.

Australopithecus afarensis. ‘Lucy’, the popular fossil, had a place to this species.
They are said to have possessed the African terrain and they were shorter than the
Australopithecus ramidus. They had a small skull with flat noses and no chin. They
were able to walk on two legs , but their legs were slightly bowed which made their
walk somewhat ape-like. The bowed legs, fingers and toes empowered them to climb
trees and live there. They had huge teeth and jaws.
Australopithecus africanus. The name was coined by Prof. Raymond Dart which
means “Southern Ape of Africa”. They were bipedal and had a small skull with small
brains than Homo Erectus but they appear bigger than their forerunners. They are
herbivores and that explains why they had huge teeth compared to modern day
people.

Australopithecus robustus. A species that was taller than his forerunners but still
ape-like. This species discovered by Robert Broom. They weighed more than their
predecessors. After the Australopithecus sort came the Homo class. The first man
within the class was Homo habilis.

Homo Species

Hominids is a primate of a family (Homidae). They have a brain bigger

compared to the Australopithecus species which showed up 2.3 million a long time
prior. It is a classified as genus, Homo. It is partitioned into two species, the Homo
Habilis and the Homo Rudolfensis. These two species were found in parts of Kenya
and Tanzania.

The Homo Habilis showed up around 2.3 million a long time back. They have
bigger and they diminished the estimate of molars and premolars compared to the
Australopithecus. They have the nearness of long arms of Australopithecus.

The Homo Rudolfensis is by one means or another the same as the highlights
of Homo habilis. Numerous paleoanthropologists make no refinements between two
species. Few has said that the distinction lies on their cheek, teeth and face.

The Homo Erectus was the primary hominid species that were dispersed
within the “Old World”. It was seen in parts Africa and in Asia. It was found by
Eugene Dubois and called it erect ape-man. Homo erectus had smaller teeth that
the other species within the Homo Sort. The brain size 895 to 1040 cc in estimate.
It is known that the Homo Erectus have the capacity to control fire.

After the coming of Homo Erectus , the Homo sapiens paved its way to the
world.. (Toppr n.d.)

1. Homo sapiens neanderthelensis. They had bigger brain estimate than the
advanced man and were gigantic in size. Too, they had a huge head and jaw
and were exceptionally effective and strong. They were carnivores and from
the tools they used, they demonstrate that Homo sapiens neanderthelensis
 they were hunters. They were cave tenants too but their caves were more
comfortable because they lived in bunches and they hunted for food
gathering.

2. Homo sapiens sapiens. Compared to the Homo sapiens neanderthelensis,

Homo sapiens sapiens became smaller in size and the brain size reduced to
1300 cc. Cro-Magnon was the earliest of the Homo sapiens. They were
omnivores, had skillful hands, developed the power of thinking, producing art,
more sophisticated tools and sentiments. They were characterized as the
modern human.

Homo Cultural Evolution

Source: https://studylib.net/doc/7581461/homo-cultural-evolution-summary
 ACTIVITIES

You are next in Line

Read the lyrics of the song “Next in Line” by Wency Cornejo of After Image or
you may click
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KKSp3P56XSg&list=RDQMNKeramJ4I5A&star
t_radio=1 Then after listening or reading the lyrics, answer the questions that
follow.

Next In Line
By: Wency Cornejo

What has life to offer me when I grow old?

What's there to look forward to beyond the biting cold
They say it's difficult, yes, stereotypical

What's there beyond sleep, eat, work in this cruel life

Ain't there nothin' else 'round here but human strife
'Cause they say it's difficult, yes, stereotypical
Gotta be conventional, you can't be so radical.

Chorus:
So I sing this song to all of my age
For these are the questions we've got to face
For in this cycle that we call life
We are the ones who are next in line
We are next in line

What has life to offer me when I grow old?

What's there to look forward to beyond the biting cold
'Cause they say it's difficult, yes, stereotypical
Gotta be conventional, you can't be so radical.

So I sing this song to all of my age

For these are the questions we've got to face
For in this cycle that we call life
We are the ones who are next in line
We are next in line
Oh-hoh, we are next in line.

Bridge:
And we gotta work, we gotta feel (we gotta feel)
Let's open our eyes and do whatever it takes
We gotta work, we gotta feel (we gotta feel)
 Let's open our eyes, oh-who

And sing this song to all of our age

For these are the questions we've got to face
For in this cycle that we call life
We are the ones who are next in line

Process Questions:

1. What is the ultimate message of the song?

2. What do you think is the biggest challenge that young generations are facing
when they have to find solutions for themselves?
3. What particular message in the song awakens your realization about life
and decision making?
4. What implication can be drawn from the title, “Next in Line”?

WRAP-UP
Directions: Write a short essay explaining the human evolution. In your essay,
explain how you can help in the preservation and appreciation of the diversities of
the human origins. Reflect on how evolution can be applied in your everyday life.
 VALUING

You are generation Z, the next in line. You have seen lots of wrongdoings in
the past and present generations that are deemed dangerous to the life cycle of the
future generations. Write three problems that you think would be best to tackle
about and provide sound solutions. Use the template below for your answers.

I’m the next

___________________________________________
___________________________________________
___________________________________________
_____
You’re
next!
You’re
next!
You’re You’re
You’re
next! next!
next!
Photo: https://www.vectorstock.com/royalty-free-vector/caricature-people-in-
vector-1561245
Today, we are on the said “line” but we don't have the control to remain on it;
we are going to take off and those who are following the line will stand still where we
exactly stood once. What makes it sad is that our life doesn’t stop there. We still
have to confront eternity as a result of how we live today, for tomorrow, some of us
will embark to prepare to meet our Creator.

POSTTEST

Directions: Identify the word that is being described in the following statements.
Choose the letter of your answer.
_____1. It is a process that led to the emergence of anatomically modern humans,
beginning with the evolutionary history of primates.
a. cultural evolution c. cultural change
b. human evolution d. cultural variation

_____2. It was the first hominid species that was distributed in the “Old World”
and was discovered by Eugene Dubois.
a. Homo Sapiens c. Homo Habilis
b. Homo Erectus d. Homo Rudolfensis

_____3. It is the species was coined by Prof. Raymond Dart which means “Southern
Ape”.
a. Australopithecus afarensis c. Australopithecus africanus
b. Australopithecus robustus d. Australopithecus ramidus

_____4. ‘Lucy’ the popular fossil had a place to this species.

 a. A. afarensis b. A. Africanus c. A. Robustus d. A Ramidus

_____5. It was characterized as the modern human.

a. H. erectus c. H. habilis
b. H. rudolfensis d. H. sapiens sapiens
_____6. This species is called “handy man”.
a. H. rudolfensis c. H. sapiens sapiens
b. H. habilis d. H. erectus
_____7. This ape-like is taller than his forerunners discovered by Robert Broom.
a. africanus b. A. afarensis c. A. robustus d. A. ramidus
_____8. The stages of advancement of people started from this species. This
species occupied the European local and some parts of Asia and Africa.
a. Ramapethicus b. Dryopethicus c. Australopithecus d. None

KEY TO CORRECTION
 5. d 5. T 5. Technology
4. a 4. F 4. Culture

8. b 3. c 3. T 3. Language
7. c 2. b 2. F 2. Cultural relativism
6. b 1. b 1. F 1. Society
Post-test Pre-test Recap

References

Dizon, Marilyn. 2019. Scribd/Cultural Evolution of Man. November 12. Accessed

November 12, 2019. https://www.scribd.com/document/434514046/ppg.
Kateman, Brian. 2011. Human Continue to Evolve. October 4. Accessed October 4,
2011. https://blogs.ei.columbia.edu/2011/10/04/humans-continue-to-evolve/.

n.d. Homo Cultural Evolution Summary. https://studylib.net/doc/7581461/homo-

cultural-evolution-summary.

n.d. Toppr. https://www.toppr.com/guides/biology/evolution/stages-of-evolution/.

VectorStock. n.d. Caricature People in Vector Image.
You tube. 2013. Next in Line. January 31. Accessed January 31, 2013.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KKSp3P56XSg&list=RDQMNKeramJ4I5A&star
t_radio=1.