MODULE 1

Science and Technology for the Advancement of Society

Sources:
• https://todayinsci.com/
• https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264742373_Scientific_and_Cultural_Knowledge_in_Intercultural_Science
_Education_Student_Perceptions_of_Common_Ground
• https://www.rand.org/randeurope/research/science-technology-innovation/innovation-and-translation.html

Week Covered: Week 1 and Week 2

Lesson Objectives:
At the end of this module, the students are expected to:
1. discuss the interactions between Science and Technology and society throughout
history;
2. discuss how scientific and technological knowledge develop;
3. distinguish science from other bodies of knowledge; and,
4. Identify the paradigm shifts in history.

WEEK 1
DEFINITION AND NATURE OF SCIENCE
Science as an idea. It includes S Science as an intellectual activity. It
ideas, theories, laws, and all encompasses a systematic and practical
available systematic explanations C study of the natural and physical world.
and observations about the natural This process of study involves systemic
and physical world. I observation and experimentation.
E
Science as a body of knowledge. It Science as personal and social activity.
is a subject or a discipline that deals N This explains that scientific knowledge
with the process of learning about
the natural and physical world.
C and activities are interwoven with
people’s lives to develop better
This is what we refer to as school E understanding of the world around them
science. and to raise quality of life.

➢ Science focuses on the Natural World. Through science, we understand the natural
world such us by studying animals, plants, rocks, and all other kinds of matter.

Lawsin, N. et.al. (2020). Science, Technology, and Society . Instructional Material for Dissertation, Improving STS
Teaching Practice through Transversal Competencies (TVCs) Towards Seamless Blended Digital Learning (SBDL) 3
 Science is not concerned with supernatural world which cannot be tested and is not
governed by natural world.

➢ Science goes through experiments. Hypothesis or tentative ideas shall be tested and
should arrive at a number of consistent results and observations so it can be taken as
true. Anything that can be subjected to experimentation and not give any observable
data cannot be considered as science.

➢ Science relies on evidence. As science requires experimentation and observation, it

is only right that it would look for pieces of evidence that will support the truthfulness
of something. Thus, science works only with testable ideas. Evidences that are
relevant to the matter being studied are what scientists are looking for to confirm
something to be of science. However, scientific knowledge is open to question and
revision as new ideas surface and new evidences are discovered.

1 2

3 4

5 6

Figure 1: Interconnection of 3 concepts in STS

Reference: https://www.timetoast.com/timelines/american-technological-advances-1867-1947

Figure 1 shows the interconnections of these 3 concepts in STS. (1) We know that
science is a systematized body of knowledge that explains natural phenomena. This body of
knowledge seeks to improve quality of living in the society, both humans and their
surroundings. (2) Science also informs the field of technology because technology is the use
or application of scientific knowledge for a specific goal or purpose. (3) We know that society
and its elements demand on the field of science in terms of the knowledge that it will produce

Lawsin, N. et.al. (2020). Science, Technology, and Society . Instructional Material for Dissertation, Improving STS
Teaching Practice through Transversal Competencies (TVCs) Towards Seamless Blended Digital Learning (SBDL) 4
such as reproductive health, global warming, climate change, etc. (4) Technology as well
demands more scientific knowledge as it improves and refines scientific theories in the
practice of science. (5) Society benefits from technology because it provides several
conveniences in our daily living such as in transportation, communication, food and cooking,
medicine, hygiene, etc. (6) Technology simplifies and improves the quality of living that is
evident throughout centuries. These developments showcase how human flourish the
knowledge and how society evolves in rapid change driven by technology.

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS

China and America are two of the leading countries which have advanced technological
products through Sciences. These two different and isolated countries have different
cultures, languages, and perspectives. Do they have the same science?
____________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

Do you consider these body of knowledge as science? Why?

a. Astrology - _________________________________________________________
b. Alchemy - _________________________________________________________
c. Acupuncture - ______________________________________________________

Based on your personal experience, how science and technology help you in the
following:
a. Transportation - ___________________________________________
b. Communication - __________________________________________
c. Food and Medicine - _______________________________________
d. Environment - ____________________________________________

SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION AND ITS CHALLENGES

Science is as old as the world itself. Many Philosophers and Scientists have
contributed to the development of science specifically in the 16 th to 18th Centuries in Europe.
Why in Europe? The probable answer is the invention of printing press that cascaded the
knowledge and the blooming intellectual activities done in different places of learning and
the growing number of scholars done in various fields of human interests. Scientific
revolution was the period of enlightenment when the developments in the fields of biology,
chemistry, physics, astronomy, and mathematics changed the views of society about nature
which leads to the emergence of modern science.

Scientific revolution was the golden age for the people who committed to scholarly
life in science, but conflicts were also experienced by some scientific individuals that lead to
their painful death or condemnation from the religious institutions which tried to preserve
their faith, religions, and theological views. Religious institutions have great influences in the
society which affect the acceptance of early works of scientists. But these influences did not
stop the great scientists to satisfy their curiosity towards the natural and physical world.

Lawsin, N. et.al. (2020). Science, Technology, and Society . Instructional Material for Dissertation, Improving STS
Teaching Practice through Transversal Competencies (TVCs) Towards Seamless Blended Digital Learning (SBDL) 5
ACTIVITY #1: WATCH AND LEARN! Watch the following video clips and answer the
succeeding questions per video clip. You can access the videos by clicking the
provided link or by playing the downloaded videos in your flash drive.

CLIP 1: Timeline of Major Scientific Inventions and Discoveries –

Part 1: Ancient Period to 19th Century

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t96ElfeuhK0&t=16s

Guide Questions:
1. In the ancient humans, what were the basis of their technology in daily living?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

2. From the video, cite examples how technology evolves in the following aspects of
living:
a. defense ________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

b. engines & machinery - _____________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

c. publications - ____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

d. environment - ___________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

e. transportation - __________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

f. mathematics - ___________________________________________________

g. biology and medicine - _____________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________

Lawsin, N. et.al. (2020). Science, Technology, and Society . Instructional Material for Dissertation, Improving STS
Teaching Practice through Transversal Competencies (TVCs) Towards Seamless Blended Digital Learning (SBDL) 6
 CLIP 2: Past and Present Technology | Then and Now

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DENG7Q7VRgo&t=65s

Guide Questions:

1. Identify at least 5 past and present technologies cited in the video then provide the
advantage(s) of its modern technology.
Past technology Present technology Advantages of Present
technology
1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

2. What do you think are the characters that are needed by scientists and engineers to
continuously improve the present technology?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

Lawsin, N. et.al. (2020). Science, Technology, and Society . Instructional Material for Dissertation, Improving STS
Teaching Practice through Transversal Competencies (TVCs) Towards Seamless Blended Digital Learning (SBDL) 7
 CLIP 3: TOP 10 Most Important Discoveries

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yfds9aUcDuk&t=32s

1. List down the details in the table and provide explanations why these 10 discoveries
were described as Most Important Discoveries.

No. Discoveries Scientists Country of Origin Societal Contributions

1

10

Lawsin, N. et.al. (2020). Science, Technology, and Society . Instructional Material for Dissertation, Improving STS
Teaching Practice through Transversal Competencies (TVCs) Towards Seamless Blended Digital Learning (SBDL) 8
 CLIP 4: Ang Siyentipikong Rebolusyon ng Panahon ng Transpormasyon
Mga tanong:
Anu-anong mga sinaunang paniniwala
at ideya ang nabago ng siyentipikong
rebolusyon?
_____________________________
_____________________________

2. Anu-anong mga suliranin ang

kinaharap ng mga scientists sa
rebolusyong siyentipiko?
_____________________________
_____________________________

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8wnElXwT5Wg&t=75s

CLIP 5: Siyentipikong Rebolusyon: Medisina, Chemistry, at Rationalism

Mga tanong:
1. Pagkumparahin ang mga datos na
ibinigay ng mga sumusunod:
1.1. Galen;
1.2. Andreas Vesalius; at
1.3. William Harvey.

2. Anu-ano ang mga kontribusyon ng

mga sumusunod sa rebolusyong
siyentipiko?
2.1. Robert Boyle;
2.2. Antoine Lavoisier;
2.3. Rene Descartes; at,
2.4. Francis Bacon?
Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AVRPV1W08A0

WEEK 2

ACTIVITY#1: THINK AND REFLECT!

Instructions:
1. Based on the videos presented, think of a product (technology) in your
community that you think plays a significant societal contribution.
2. Using the table below, list down the scientific concept(s) applied in the
development of the technology that you have chosen.
3. Provide the detailed societal contributions of the products that you have chosen
to explain.

Note:
• The product that you will be choosing should not be repeated in our class.
• There will be a Facebook thread to be posted in our group so you can
browse the available and possible product(s) that you can work on.

Lawsin, N. et.al. (2020). Science, Technology, and Society . Instructional Material for Dissertation, Improving STS
Teaching Practice through Transversal Competencies (TVCs) Towards Seamless Blended Digital Learning (SBDL) 9
 Name of the Product:

Product Descriptions:
___________________________________
(Picture of the product)
___________________________________
___________________________________
___________________________________

Science concept(s) behind this technology Societal contribution(s) of this technology

___________________________________ ___________________________________
___________________________________ ___________________________________
___________________________________ ___________________________________
___________________________________ ___________________________________

4. Document yourself by preparing a short video of yours that explain your

output. This will be submitted individually through FB messenger.

5. Criteria for grading are 10 points for the content of the presentation, 5 points
for the relevance of the selected product, 5 points for the delivery, and 5 points
for the punctuality in terms of deadlines.

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTIONS (First to Fourth I.R.)

Industrial revolution started in 17th

Century wherein progressive
advancement of technology was
highly evident. Convenience has
been the major concern of these
revolutions especially in the field of
machinery, transportation, and
communication.

These revolutions contributed and

brought to industries several
significant milestones that improves
the quality of life. In Industrial
Revolution 1.0 that happened in
1784, steamed engine and mechanical production was introduced. The steamed water
powered and run all machineries and trains. Improvements have been introduced in
Industrial Revolution 2.0 when the electricity was discovered in the year 1870 which
presented the electric-powered assembly line that is used in mass productions in several
factories. In 1969 when Industrial Revolution 3.0 happened, rapid changes have been
imposed when the computers and electronic devices were introduced in the society.
Automation has been the main agenda of every country in producing their technology.
Recently in 2015, the massive usage of internet has changed the landscape of industries.
Cyber Physical Systems, Internet of Things, and Smart Technologies served as the main
heart of Industrial Revolution 4.0.

Lawsin, N. et.al. (2020). Science, Technology, and Society . Instructional Material for Dissertation, Improving STS
Teaching Practice through Transversal Competencies (TVCs) Towards Seamless Blended Digital Learning (SBDL) 10
ACTIVITY#2: Imagine the Future!
Using the video - Clip 6, list down the scientific contributions (products/services) of Industry
4.0 and how these would help the society.

CLIP 6: Industry 4.0

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IMmnSZ7U1qM&t=94s

Scientific Contributions of IR 4.0 Societal Contributions

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

CLIP 7: American Genius 1, 1 of 8 Series, Jobs vs. Steves, 2015

Guide Questions:
1. Who is described as Business-
minded? And who is the real
genius? Why?

2. What socio-ethical issues are

being addressed in this video
clip?

3. What is the advantage of Steve

Jobs over Bill Gates?

4. How these two Great Minds

Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5f6z96HWerE changed our lives?

Lawsin, N. et.al. (2020). Science, Technology, and Society . Instructional Material for Dissertation, Improving STS
Teaching Practice through Transversal Competencies (TVCs) Towards Seamless Blended Digital Learning (SBDL) 11
ACTIVITY #3: LET’S COLLAB!
Instructions:
1. This is the start of your planning for your project in this course.
2. This project should be done by 2 to 3 members.
3. Think of a product that you think is essential and relevant to your community. Design a
digital prototype of it and fill out the proposal template for this product.
Note: 1 proposal and 1 product only for the entire group. The presentation and approval of
its product shall be made online via messenger room and thru appointment.

TEMPLATE FOR THE PROJECT PROPOSAL

NAVOTAS POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
Bangus St. Kaunlaran Village, Brgy NBBS, Navotas City

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY

PROJECT PROPOSAL
Project title
Project descriptions This project, _______,
(Features, Function(s)
and/or Relevance)
Project proponents _______________________; ___________________; and, _______________________
This project used the following materials:
Materials needed and
costs
This project followed the following steps:
Detailed Procedure

Comments:
Teacher’s Evaluation Uniqueness (25%) ___________
Resourcefulness (25%) ___________
Creativity (25%) ___________
Prof. Nikko Lorenz Presentation skills (25%) ___________
Lawsin Total =
Faculty-in-charge

4. The project should target the Sustainable Development Agenda of UNESCO;

5. Consider the criteria for grading; creativity, resourcefulness, and uniqueness. See our
Facebook pages for the sample outputs from last 3 semesters.

Lawsin, N. et.al. (2020). Science, Technology, and Society . Instructional Material for Dissertation, Improving STS
Teaching Practice through Transversal Competencies (TVCs) Towards Seamless Blended Digital Learning (SBDL) 12
 STUDENT’S REFLECTION

1. What have you learned from the Development of Science Discoveries in our History?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

2. In your own experience, how do you use science and technology in your daily living and in
your community?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

3. How can we assure that the concepts of Sustainable Development and Environmental
Protection are integrated in our progressive developments as individual and as society?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

4. Paradigm shift or change of perspectives and beliefs has been observed in the history of
science. As a student of STS, how will you reduce this conflict between the two different
schools of thoughts. Explain and provide your own example(s).
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

5. What must be the role of the Local Government of Navotas in the development of Science
and Technology for its Sustainable Community?
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

Lawsin, N. et.al. (2020). Science, Technology, and Society . Instructional Material for Dissertation, Improving STS
Teaching Practice through Transversal Competencies (TVCs) Towards Seamless Blended Digital Learning (SBDL) 13
REFERENCES

Bautista, D.H.S, et.al. (2018). Science, Technology, and Society . MaxCor Publishing House Inc.
Quezon City, Philippines

Serafica, J.P.J, et.al. (2019). Science, Technology, and Society 1st Edition. REX Bookstore, Inc.
Quezon City, Philippines

YouTube Videos:
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t96ElfeuhK0&t=16s
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DENG7Q7VRgo&t=65s
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yfds9aUcDuk&t=32s
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8wnElXwT5Wg&t=75s
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AVRPV1W08A0
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IMmnSZ7U1qM&t=94s
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5f6z96HWerE

Date Retrieved: July 11, 2020

Lawsin, N. et.al. (2020). Science, Technology, and Society . Instructional Material for Dissertation, Improving STS
Teaching Practice through Transversal Competencies (TVCs) Towards Seamless Blended Digital Learning (SBDL) 14