3

1. (a) Write down the expansion of (cos θ + i sin θ) in the form a + ib, where a and b are in
terms of sin θ and cos θ.
(2)

3
(b) Hence show that cos 3θ = 4 cos θ – 3 cos θ.
(3)

5 3
(c) Similarly show that cos 5θ = 16 cos θ – 20 cos θ + 5 cos θ.
(3)

 π π
  , 
(d) Hence solve the equation cos 5θ + cos 3θ + cos θ = 0, where θ  2 2  .
(6)

(e) By considering the solutions of the equation cos 5θ = 0, show that

π 5 5 7π
cos  cos
10 8 and state the value of 10 .
(8)
(Total 22 marks)

3
2. (a) Factorize z + 1 into a linear and quadratic factor.
(2)

1 i 3
Let γ = 2 .

(b) (i) Show that γ is one of the cube roots of –1.

2
(ii) Show that γ = γ – 1.
6
(iii) Hence find the value of (1 – γ) .
(9)

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 1

  1
 1
 0 
The matrix A is defined by A = 
  .
2
(c) Show that A – A + I = 0, where 0 is the zero matrix.
(4)

(d) Deduce that

3
(i) A = –I;
–1
(ii) A = I – A.
(5)
(Total 20 marks)

 2π   2π 
cos   i sin  
3. Consider ω =  3   3 .

(a) Show that

3
(i) ω = 1;
2
(ii) 1 + ω + ω = 0.
(5)

 2π   4π 
i   i   
3  3 
Deduce that e + e

(b) (i)
iθ e  = 0.

π
(ii) Illustrate this result for θ = 2 on an Argand diagram.
(4)

2
(c) (i) Expand and simplify F(z) = (z – 1)(z – ω)(z – ω ) where z is a complex number.

(ii) Solve F(z) = 7, giving your answers in terms of ω.

(7)
(Total 16 marks)

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 2

 3
4. (a) Solve the equation z = –2 + 2i, giving your answers in modulus–argument form.
(6)

(b) Hence show that one of the solutions is 1 + i when written in Cartesian form.
(1)
(Total 7 marks)

5. The complex number z is defined as z = cos θ + i sin θ.

(a) State de Moivre’s theorem.

(1)

1

(b) Show that z
n z n = 2i sin (nθ).
(3)

5
 1
z 
(c) Use the binomial theorem to expand  z  giving your answer in simplified form.
(3)

5
(d) Hence show that 16 sin θ = sin 5θ –5 sin 3θ + 10 sin θ.
(4)

π
(e) Check that your result in part (d) is true for θ = 4 .
(4)

(f) Find 
0
2 sin 5 d
.
(4)

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 3

 π

(g) Hence, with reference to graphs of circular functions, find 

0
2 cos 5  d
, explaining your
reasoning.
(3)
(Total 22 marks)

6. Find the values of n such that (1 + 3 i)n is a real number.

(Total 5 marks)

7. (a) Let z = x + iy be any non-zero complex number.

1
(i) Express z in the form u + iv.

1
z  k, k  2 2
(ii) If z , show that either y = 0 or x + y = 1.
2 2
(iii) Show that if x + y = 1 then │k│ ≤ 2.
(8)

(b) Let w = cos θ + i sin θ.

n –n
(i) Show that w + w = 2cos nθ, n  .

2 –1 –2
(ii) Solve the equation 3w – w + 2 – w + 3w = 0, giving the roots in the
form x + iy.
(14)
(Total 22 marks)

1
a
8.
 
Express 1  i 3
3
in the form b where a, b .
(Total 5 marks)

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 4

 2 2
 i sin .
9. Let w = cos 5 5

5
(a) Show that w is a root of the equation z − 1 = 0.
(3)

4 3 2 5
(b) Show that (w − 1) (w + w + w + w + 1) = w − 1 and deduce that
4 3 2
w + w + w + w + 1 = 0.
(3)

2 4 1
 cos  .
(c) Hence show that cos 5 5 2
(6)
(Total 12 marks)

= 1 i 3 
m
and z2 = 1  i  .
n
10. z1

(a) Find the modulus and argument of z1 and z2 in terms of m and n, respectively.
(6)

(b) Hence, find the smallest positive integers m and n such that z1 = z2.
(8)
(Total 14 marks)

4
11. (a) Use de Moivre’s theorem to find the roots of the equation z = 1 – i.
(6)

(b) Draw these roots on an Argand diagram.

(2)

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 5

 z2
(c) If z1 is the root in the first quadrant and z2 is the root in the second quadrant, find z1 in
the form a + ib.
(4)
(Total 12 marks)

12. Find the three cube roots of the complex number 8i. Give your answers in the form x + iy.
(Total 8 marks)

2
13. The roots of the equation z + 2z + 4 = 0 are denoted by α and β?
iθ
(a) Find α and β in the form re .
(6)

(b) Given that α lies in the second quadrant of the Argand diagram, mark α and β on an
Argand diagram.
(2)

(c) Use the principle of mathematical induction to prove De Moivre’s theorem, which states
n +
that cos nθ + i sin nθ = (cos θ + i sin θ) for n  .
(8)

3
2
(d) Using De Moivre’s theorem find  in the form a + ib.
(4)

3 3
(e) Using De Moivre’s theorem or otherwise, show that α = β .
(3)

(f) Find the exact value of αβ* + βα* where α* is the conjugate of α and β* is the conjugate
of β.
(5)

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 6

 n
(g) Find the set of values of n for which α is real.
(3)
(Total 31 marks)

IB Questionbank Mathematics Higher Level 3rd edition 7