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    Agc 3111 Report

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    Izukanji kayora
    The document summarizes organic farming practices observed at Organic Farm 7. It describes how the farm uses intercropping, mulching, cover crops and manure tea to fertilize plants without chemical pesticides. Herbs and crops like strawberries, grapes and bananas are grown. Manure from livestock is cured and steeped in water to make manure tea. The farm also propagates plants through cuttings and grows plant seeds in a greenhouse. Organic farming benefits the environment but can have lower yields than conventional farming.

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    Agc 3111 Report

    Uploaded by

    Izukanji kayora
    31 views5 pages
    The document summarizes organic farming practices observed at Organic Farm 7. It describes how the farm uses intercropping, mulching, cover crops and manure tea to fertilize plants without chemical pesticides. Herbs and crops like strawberries, grapes and bananas are grown. Manure from livestock is cured and steeped in water to make manure tea. The farm also propagates plants through cuttings and grows plant seeds in a greenhouse. Organic farming benefits the environment but can have lower yields than conventional farming.

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    AGC 3111 REPORT

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    The document summarizes organic farming practices observed at Organic Farm 7. It describes how the farm uses intercropping, mulching, cover crops and manure tea to fertilize plants without chemical pesticides. Herbs and crops like strawberries, grapes and bananas are grown. Manure from livestock is cured and steeped in water to make manure tea. The farm also propagates plants through cuttings and grows plant seeds in a greenhouse. Organic farming benefits the environment but can have lower yields than conventional farming.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    31 views5 pages

    Agc 3111 Report

    Uploaded by

    Izukanji kayora
    The document summarizes organic farming practices observed at Organic Farm 7. It describes how the farm uses intercropping, mulching, cover crops and manure tea to fertilize plants without chemical pesticides. Herbs and crops like strawberries, grapes and bananas are grown. Manure from livestock is cured and steeped in water to make manure tea. The farm also propagates plants through cuttings and grows plant seeds in a greenhouse. Organic farming benefits the environment but can have lower yields than conventional farming.

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    of 5

    MULUNGUSHI UNIVERSITY

    SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE AND NATURAL RESOURCES


    BACHELOR OF AGRICULTURE

    NAME : HARMONY MUYABILA

    STUDENT No : 201902239

    COURSE : AGC 311

    DUE DATE : 29TH NOVEMBER 2021

    LECTURE : MR . BBEBBE
    INTRODUCTION

    Gene banks are a type of biorepository that preserves genetic material. For plants, this is done by
    in vitro storage, freezing cuttings from the plant, or stocking the seeds.The place where seeds and
    cuttings from a large variety of plants are kept . Gene banks and seed banks can be set up at a
    local level, or they can be set up on a national or even international level. For example, a famous
    seed bank located in the Arctic Circle called the Svalbard Global Seed Vault. This international
    seed bank is located between Norway and the North Pole, it holds a maximum of 2.5 billion
    seeds representing 4.5 million crop varieties (500 seeds from each crop).

    The National Institute Of Germplasm (At Mount Makuru Agricultural Research Station) is one
    of the places where seeds of different germplasm are stored. The seeds are stored in cold freezes
    at -20 degrees of temperature. Before the seeds are stored they undergo the same process.

    ● The first thing done is the collecting of the seeds from farmers’ fields, wild habitats or
    markets, particularly in known centres of diversity.
    ● Then securing materials of interest through correspondence and exchange with other
    plant-introduction centres, genebanks, individual scientists, private growers, seed
    companies or other germplasm suppliers.
    ● Manual methods for cleaning and seed extraction are used in order to maintain viability.
    ● If seeds are collected with surface moisture, they are dried in shade or in a well-
    ventilated room by spreading them on newspaper or by using the drying machine before
    transferring them to cloth or paper bags.
    ● Seeds from dry dehiscent fruits (such as okra, rapeseed and sesame) can be extracted by
    spreading the fruits on a tarpaulin under shade.
    ● The pulpy fruits (such as tomato and cucumber), have their seeds carefully extracted by
    hand,then they are washed under running water to remove pulp and mucilage,then they
    are spread on a thin layer to maximize aeration and allow them to dry in the shade
    ● The seeds are packed in Aluminum foil side-gusseted stand-up pouches (one or two
    pouches) they are filled with the dried seed samples and sealed by a pressured sealer with
    heat.
    ● Packages are re-sealable and impermeable to air and moisture with the aid of the PI
    Impulse heat sealer.
    ● The seeds are put in a row, column, level and box (sample within the box)which are
    identified by two–digit numbers. Containers or glass jars are stored in an orderly fashion.
    ● Then finally they are stored in cold freezes at -20 celsius degrees.

    Then plants that don't have seeds are propagated or planted in the fields, for example a variety of
    cassava and sweet potatoes .

    The main reason for acquiring germplasm is to ensure that sufficient diversity is available
    to meet current and future needs. Reasons for acquisition include:

    ● Genetic erosion: when the threat of genetic diversity loss is present in a particular area
    and in situ conservation is not possible.
    ● Gap-filling: when diversity is missing or insufficiently represented in an existing
    collection.
    ● Need-based acquisition: when germplasm is needed for breeding, research or
    development work.
    ● Opportunistic acquisition: the unplanned, fortuitous collecting of non-target species as
    opportunities arise.

    CONCLUSION

    The process of how seeds are kept and maintained in the genebank and the equipment were
    observed.
    INTRODUCTION

    Organic farming is an agricultural system that uses ecologically based pest controls and

    biological fertilizers derived largely from animal and plant wastes and nitrogen-fixing cover

    crops. Modern organic farming was developed as a response to the environmental harm caused

    by the use of chemical pesticides and synthetic fertilizers in conventional agriculture, and it has

    numerous ecological benefits.

    Compared with conventional agriculture, organic farming uses fewer pesticides, reduces soil

    erosion, decreases nitrate leaching into groundwater and surface water, and recycles animal

    wastes back into the farm. These benefits are counterbalanced by higher food costs for

    consumers and generally lower yields. Indeed, yields of organic crops have been found to be

    about 25 percent lower overall than conventionally grown crops, although this can vary

    considerably depending upon the type of crop. The challenge for future organic agriculture will

    be to maintain its environmental benefits, increase yields, and reduce prices while meeting the

    challenges of climate change and an increasing world population.

    Organic Farm 7

    At organic farm 7 it was observed and seen that different herbs and plants are grown with

    different cultivation methods. like intercropping, mulching and planting of cover crops. Herbs

    which are a widely distributed and widespread plant were also seen. Herbs have a variety of uses

    including culinary, medicinal, and in some cases, spiritual. Apart from herbs other plants were

    also seen like strawberry, grapes and bananas to mention a few.


    Then fertilizer giving crops and plants were also seen .The farm uses Manure tea which is the

    product of the manure of livestock being steeped in a bag submerged in water. This tea is used

    for the fertilization of crops.

    The process of making manure tea begins with the collection of manure. Manure of all different

    types of livestock is used. The next step in the production of manure tea involves fermenting and

    curing the manure that has been collected. The process involves storing the manure in a location

    that is free from any type of run-offs, and it should lie below direct sunlight. Once stored, this

    manure must be checked on and stirred up on a regular basis to allow the even curing of the

    material. Once this manure is cured properly, destroying any potentially harmful pathogens, it is

    then transferred into a steeping mechanism of choice. For example, placing the manure in gunny

    sacks, then completely submerging these bags into a bucket of water.

    The farm also propagates plants like grapes through cuttings. It also has a variety of plant seeds

    that are grown in a greenhouse.

    CONCLUSION

    Therefore the ways and methods that are used in organic farming were seen and observed by

    and the AGC 311 class .

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