Lesson Plan for Grade 8 Science

Learning Competency:

I. Objectives

At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:

a. Describe the formation of typhoon;
b. Explain how landmasses and bodies of water affects typhoon; and
c. Instill the importance of studying typhoons.

II. Subject Matter

A. Topic: Formation and Development of Typhoon

B. Reference: Science Quarter 2 – Module 4 Grade 8, pp. 1-22
C. Materials: PowerPoint Presentation, Laptop, Projector, Visual Aid

III. Learning Procedure

A. Preliminary Activities
a. Prayer
b. Greetings
c. Checking of Attendance
d. Classroom Management

B. Review
The teacher will pick students to answer the following questions:
1. What was our last lesson yesterday?
2. What did you understand about that topic?

C. Motivation
WHAT AM I?

Instruction: The teacher will group the students into four groups and the assigned
group will be given a paper and they have to do is to label the parts of the
typhoon. The students will choose the correct answer in the box and write their
answers on the space provided.

EYE WALL INNER BAND EYE OUTER BANDS

  After conducting the activity, the teacher will ask a few questions to the students.
1. How do you feel about the activity?
2. While doing the activity, did you find it difficult?
3. What do you notice about the activity?
4. In your observation, what do you think is our lesson all about?

D. Lesson Proper
 The teacher will discuss the formation of typhoon via PowerPoint presentation
and put some pictures that related to the topic.

The formation of typhoon

Tropical cyclone, also called typhoon or “bagyo” in our country, an intense circular
storm that originates over warm tropical oceans, is characterized by low atmospheric
pressure, high winds, and heavy rain. The wind speed ranges from 45 kph to about 300
kph.

The term typhoon is used only in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean. In the
northeastern part of the Pacific Ocean and in the northern part of the Atlantic Ocean,
the equivalent term is hurricane. Thus, a hurricane on one side of the Pacific Ocean
will be called a typhoon if it crosses into the other side.

Tropical cyclone is the universal name for the entire same weather phenomenon.
Tropical cyclones need water vapor or warm moist air to start. They form only over
warm ocean waters near the equator. It develops at latitudes usually greater than 5°
from the equator.

1. Typhoons start off as tropical thunderstorms.

The strong winds pull in moisture from the
oceans.
 2. The thunderstorms convert the moisture into
heat. The heat causes more air to flow to the
centre of the storm causing evaporation.

3. All the heat and air flow toward the eye

creating the typhoon.

Basic Structure of a Tropical Cyclone

The eye is the tropical cyclones center which is relatively calm. The air pressure is
lowest at the eye of a tropical cyclone, this is the reason why air in the surroundings
move toward the eye. It is a roughly circular area, usually 10-100 kilometers in diameter.
It is surrounded by the eye wall, also known as a wall cloud. It is a ring of
cumulonimbus clouds where the most severe weather and strongest winds occur. When
the news report that a tropical cyclone has sustained winds of 200 km/hour, they are
referring to the winds at the eye wall. The wind at the eye wall brings a lot of damage.

Effects of a Tropical Cyclone

Tropical cyclone is a natural disaster that affects many people’s lives due to strong
winds, heavy rains, and flooding. Tropical cyclones also cause a lot of destructions to
properties and agricultural crops. Low lying coastal areas are also affected by storm
surge, also known as daluyong ng bagyo. Heavy winds produced by tropical cyclones
push the ocean in front of them. As the tropical cyclone nears coastal lines the sea level
abnormally increases. The height of the rise of the sea level depends on wind speed,
the shape of the coastline, and on tidal cycles. If the typhoon approaches the coast
during high tide, the storm surge will be higher than if it approaches during low tide.
Most casualties during tropical cyclones occur as a result of storm surges.

Tropical cyclones can only

form over oceans of the
world except in the South
Atlantic Ocean and the
South Eastern Pacific where
a tropical cyclone could
never
be formed due to the cooler
sea surface temperature and
higher vertical wind shears.
They reach their greatest
intensity while located over
warm tropical water. As
soon
as they move inland, they
begin to weaken, but often
not before they have caused
great destruction.
Classification of Tropical Cyclones

The classification of tropical cyclones according to the strength of the associated winds
as adopted by PAGASA as of 01 May 2015 is as follows (PAGASA-DOST 2020):

Classification of Tropical Max. Wind Speed in kilometers per

Cyclone hour (kph)
Tropical Depression (TD) 61 or less
Tropical Storm (TS) 62 – 88
Severe Tropical Storm (STS) 89 – 117
Typhoon (TY) 118 – 220
Super typhoon (STY) more than 220

Guided Questions:
 1. Where did the tropical cyclones form? On land or in the ocean?
2. In what direction did the tropical cyclones move?
3. Where did the tropical cyclones die out? Near land or in the middle of the ocean?
4. It is the universal name for the entire same weather phenomenon.

Summary

 Tropical cyclone is one of the most destructive natural disasters that affect many
countries. The Philippines is visited by at least 20 tropical cyclones every year. It
is prone to tropical cyclones due to its geographical location.
 Tropical cyclone is a weather disturbance characterized by low pressure system,
excessive rain, and strong winds where clouds are being blown by strong winds
that move around a center or in a spiral.
 Tropical cyclones derive its energy from the direct heat transfer and from
evaporation from the sea. They reach their greatest intensity while located over
warm tropical water. It begins to weaken as soon as it moves inland due to lack
of moisture over continents or when air gets colder and drier.
 Tropical cyclones are classified according to its strength or intensity of the
associated winds near the center.
 Tropical Depression (TD) is a tropical cyclone with maximum
sustained winds of up to 61 kilometers per hour (kph) or less.
 Tropical Storm (TS) is a tropical cyclone with maximum wind
speed of 62 to 88 kph.
 Severe Tropical Storm (STS) is a tropical cyclone with maximum
wind speed of 89 to 117 kph.
 Typhoon (TY) is a tropical cyclone with maximum wind speed of
118 to 220 kph.
 Super Typhoon (STY) is a tropical cyclone with maximum wind
speed exceeding 220 kph or more.

IV. Assessment

Activity 1 – A. Choose the

letter of the best answer.
Write your answer on a
separate sheet of paper
Activity 1 – A. Choose the letter of
the best answer. Write your answer
on a
separate sheet of paper
Activity 1 – A. Choose the letter of
the best answer. Write your answer
on a
separate sheet of paper
Activity 1- A. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write your answer on a separate
sheet of paper.

1. What agency takes charge of giving information about the coming of typhoon?
a. DOST b. PAGASA c. PHIVOLCS d. NDRRMC

2. What is necessary to form a typhoon?

a. warm air b. moist air c. heated air d. cool air
3. From what bodies of water do typhoons originate?
a. ocean b. lakes c. rivers d. streams

4. It is rotating storm system characterized by a low-pressure center, strong winds,

and a spiral arrangement of thunderstorms that produce heavy rain.
a. rain b. tropical cyclone c. snow d. sand storm

5. What is the name of the big body of water that is where almost all typhoons that
passes in our country?
a. Indian Ocean b. Atlantic Ocean c. West Philippine Sea d. Pacific Ocean

Activity 1- B. Modified True or False. Analyze each statement. Write TRUE if the
statement is correct. If the statement is NOT TRUE, change the underlined word to
come up with the correct statement.
Modified True or False.
Analyze each statement.
Write TRUE if the
statement is correct. If the
statement is NOT TRUE,
change the underlined word
to
come up with the correct
statement.
______6. The lowest air pressure is at the eyewall of a tropical cyclone.
______7. At the eye of a tropical cyclone, the wind speed is higher.
______8. When tropical cyclone reaches land, they intensify because warm ocean
water keeps them going.
When tropical cyclone reach land, they intensify because warm
ocean
water keeps them going.
______9. The location of the eye is the location of the tropical cyclone.
______10. PHIVOLCS takes charge of giving information about the coming of typhoon.
b. When a tropical cyclone passes
over a certain place, it is the
______ that has
c. greater wind speed?
d. When a tropical cyclone passes
over a certain place, it is the
______ that has
e. greater wind speed?
f.When a tropical cyclone passes
over a certain place, it is the
______ that has
g. greater wind speed?
h. When a tropical cyclone passes
over a certain place, it is the
______ that has
i.greater wind speed?
j.When a tropical cyclone passes
over a certain place, it is the
______ that has
k. greater wind speed?
l.When a tropical cyclone passes
over a certain place, it is the
______ that has
m. greater wind speed?
n. When a tropical cyclone passes
over a certain place, it is the
______ that has
o. greater wind speed?
p. When a tropical cyclone passes
over a certain place, it is the
______ that has
q. greater wind speed?
r.When a tropical cyclone passes
over a certain place, it is the
______ that has
s. greater wind speed?
t.When a tropical cyclone passes
over a certain place, it is the
______ that has
u. greater wind speed?
v. When a tropical cyclone passes
over a certain place, it is the
______ that has
w. greater wind speed?
x. When a tropical cyclone passes
over a certain place, it is the
______ that has
y. greater wind speed?
 z. When a tropical cyclone passes
over a certain place, it is the
______ that has
aa.greater wind speed?
bb. When a tropical cyclone
passes over a certain place, it is
the ______ that has
cc.greater wind speed?
dd. When a tropical cyclone
passes over a certain place, it is
the ______ that has
ee.greater wind speed?
When a tropical cyclone passes over a
certain place, it is the ______ that has
greater wind speed?
When a tropical cyclone passes over a
certain place, it is the ______ that has
greater wind s
V. Assignment
Instruction: Write it on a ½ crosswise paper. Typhoons bring wind and rain which could
cause a lot of damage to life as well as properties. Being prepared is essential to
survival and avoiding the worst effects of the disaster. Let us apply what you have
learned in our lesson into real - life situations. List down the preventive measures before
a storm and protective measures during and after a storm to protect your family in case
of a typhoon.

BEFORE DURING AFTER