Art Appreciation Reviewer

ART APPRECIATION REVIEWER
Artist – a person who exhibits exceptional skills in the visual and/or the performing arts.
Artisan – a person who is in a skilled trade that involves making things by hand.
The Art Forms
Painting - This is best described as the application of pigment to a surface. It is a two-dimensional art
form.
Sculpture - An art form that is best described as three-dimensional.
Architecture – The most functional of all the art forms. It involves creating designs for buildings and
infrastructures.
Music - The art of sound expressed through song, through the use of instruments or combination of both.
Dance – The art of body movements that is attuned to a musical piece.
Literature – The art of using words to express thoughts, ideas, and feelings.
Theatre – The performance of drama. Typically, actors perform on stage in front of live audience.
Types of Art and Media Used
2-Dimensional Art – any art that has length and width, but no depth. Paintings, drawings, etchings,
scratchboard, photography, graphic design work (ads, etc.)
Drawing
 Intimate form of art in that is frequently the artist’s private note-taking process.
 Sketching, doodling, intricate drawing
Materials
 Pigment – powdered color material
 Pigment is mixed with substances that enable it to adhere to the drawing surface
 Dry Media and Liquid Media are used in drawing
Dry Media
 Pencil
 Graphite Pencil
 Cheap, readily available, easily erased
 All art begins with an idea and a sketch
 Metalpoint - Not used a lot anymore. Much like scratchboard
 Charcoal - Very dark, sometimes harsh value and line. Made by burning stick of wood.
 Chalk Pastels – pigments and nonfat binders. Blend better and can be overlaid to produce shaded
effects.
 Oil Pastels and Crayons – Pigment and fatty or greasy binders. Adhere better to be drawing
paper. Wider variety of colors. Difficult to blend.
Liquid Media
 Pen and Ink – Can have variety of line width depending on tip of pen. Also used for writing
(Asian calligraphy artists)
 Brush and Ink – Often used in the east for writing purposes. Broader, more intense lines than pen
and ink.
Digital Drawing
 Computer based drawing – Faster, easier drawing. Less realistic often times.
Architecture & Engineering
 Uses programs to create building and structure plans
Encaustic
 Must be heated to paint on easily. Paint Hardens when cools. Used mainly by Roman and Greek
Artists.
Fresco
 Wall-painting technique often used for large scale murals.
Tempera
 Made with water and pigment. Bright colors that last longer than oil paint. Can be mixed with
egg yolk to make it thicker and not crack. Gesso (base paint mixed with glue that helps paint stay
on a support.
Oil Paint
 Used on large, bold projects. Dries VERY slowly. Pigment mixed with oil.
 Alla Prima – spontaneous painting approach
 Impasto – Thick, layered paint
Watercolor
 Pigment with water and gum Arabic. Most used on paper.
Gouache
 Watercolor with white inert pigment added
 Inert pigment – pigment that becomes colorless in paint
Acrylic
 Synthetic artist color, also called polymer
Collage
 French word that means “pasting” or “gluing”
 Henri Matisse – Famous painter who was diagnosed with cancer at age 78
Art and Humanitie
Science
 Seeks to describe reality
 Attempts to create a universal concept
 Measurable and quantitative
Humanities
 Seeks to describe humankind’s experience of reality
 Gives form to emotion
 More analytical approach
Concerns of art
 Creativity
 Aesthetic communication
 Symbols
Fine art – lauded for its aesthetic quality
Applied art – includes architecture or handicrafts with a decorative purpose
Art’s purposes:
1. Provide a record
2. Give visible or other form to feelings
3. Reveal metaphysical or spiritual truths
4. Help people see the world in new or innovative ways
Art’s functions:
1. Enjoyment
2. Political and social commentary
3. Therapy
4. Artifact
Evaluating Art
Formal criticism – considers no external conditions or information
Contextual criticism – considers related information outside the artwork, such as facts about the artist,
social and political conditions, etc.
Communication – Evaluate what the artwork tries to say and if it was worth the effort.
Artisanship – Is the work well made? Understand the medium and the style
Art brut, or “outsider art”
 Idea developed by Jean Dubuffet in the 1940s and Roger Cardinal in 1972
 Work created by those outside of mainstream art culture
Visual Art – use the visual arts as their revenue expression.

Creative Art – more adept at writing words and arranging musical notes to entice the imagination and
evoke emotions.
Performing Artist – express their art through execution in front of an audience.
Medium – in art refers to the materials that an artist uses to communicate his ideas, feelings and
imaginations
Graphic or two-dimensional arts – includes drawing, painting, mosaics, collage and printmaking.
Plastic or three-dimensional arts – includes sculpture, architecture and installations.
Auditory or time arts – The medium for this art classification are those that the viewers can hear and
which are expressed in time.
Combined arts – Those that the viewers can see and hear which considers both time and space.

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ART APPRECIATION REVIEWER

The Art Forms

Types of Art and Media Used

Visual Art – use the visual arts as their revenue expression.

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