Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 21 views

    Waste

    Uploaded by

    Liza Victoriano
    This document discusses the classification and management of different types of wastes - solid, liquid, and gaseous. It describes solid wastes as objects or particles that accumulate on site rather than dispersing, and includes household trash, construction debris, and agricultural waste. Liquid wastes originate from industrial, agricultural, domestic, and other activities. Gaseous wastes are emitted from human activities involving machines and technology. The document recommends segregating, reducing, recycling, and reusing solid wastes. It also discusses wastewater treatment and managing liquid and gaseous wastes through various methods like catalytic converters, energy conservation, and advocacy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Waste

    Uploaded by

    Liza Victoriano
    21 views2 pages
    This document discusses the classification and management of different types of wastes - solid, liquid, and gaseous. It describes solid wastes as objects or particles that accumulate on site rather than dispersing, and includes household trash, construction debris, and agricultural waste. Liquid wastes originate from industrial, agricultural, domestic, and other activities. Gaseous wastes are emitted from human activities involving machines and technology. The document recommends segregating, reducing, recycling, and reusing solid wastes. It also discusses wastewater treatment and managing liquid and gaseous wastes through various methods like catalytic converters, energy conservation, and advocacy.

    Original Description:

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses the classification and management of different types of wastes - solid, liquid, and gaseous. It describes solid wastes as objects or particles that accumulate on site rather than dispersing, and includes household trash, construction debris, and agricultural waste. Liquid wastes originate from industrial, agricultural, domestic, and other activities. Gaseous wastes are emitted from human activities involving machines and technology. The document recommends segregating, reducing, recycling, and reusing solid wastes. It also discusses wastewater treatment and managing liquid and gaseous wastes through various methods like catalytic converters, energy conservation, and advocacy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    21 views2 pages

    Waste

    Uploaded by

    Liza Victoriano
    This document discusses the classification and management of different types of wastes - solid, liquid, and gaseous. It describes solid wastes as objects or particles that accumulate on site rather than dispersing, and includes household trash, construction debris, and agricultural waste. Liquid wastes originate from industrial, agricultural, domestic, and other activities. Gaseous wastes are emitted from human activities involving machines and technology. The document recommends segregating, reducing, recycling, and reusing solid wastes. It also discusses wastewater treatment and managing liquid and gaseous wastes through various methods like catalytic converters, energy conservation, and advocacy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    ST. JOSEPH’S ACADEMY OF BONGABONG, INC.

    Bagong Bayan II, Bongabong


    Oriental Mindoro, Philippines
    [email protected]

    EARTH SCIENCE (G11 STEM)

    HUMAN ACTIVITY and the ENVIRONMENT

    CLASSIFICATION OF WASTES

    1. SOLID WASTES
    These are generally made up of objects or particles that accumulate on the site (as opposed to water
    and air wastes, which disperse).
     All discarded household and commercial waste, non-hazardous institutional and industrial
    wastes- leftover food, kitchen residues, cardboards, papers, bottles
     Street sweepings
     Construction debris
     Agricultural waste- generated from the planting and harvest of crops
     Other non-hazardous/nontoxic solid wastes

    EFFECTS OF SOLID WASTE


     Land pollution
     Affect plant growth
     Serve as breeding place for disease-carrying animals
     Aesthetic degradation of environment
     Lowers the quality of land

    MANAGEMENT OF SOLID WASTES

    Whether it is a domestic, commercial, or industrial setting, the key to managing solid wastes is to apply
    segregation at source and implement the 3Rs (reduce, recycle, and reuse).

    a. Segregation
     Solid wastes can be grouped based on their ability to decompose.
     Segregating wastes can help reduce the volume of wastes generated in every homes and
    establishments since some, or most, of the wastes may still be recovered and be used for a
    different purpose
    Biodegradable wastes- usually wet and organic (example: kitchen wastes)
    Nonbiodegradable wastes- those that are usually dry like plastics, paper, and glass

    b. 3Rs
     The segregated waste may now be sorted for materials that may still be used for a different
    purpose
    Recycling- using the object again for a different purpose; recycled material may be used in either its
    original form or may be converted to another form to be used as raw material for a different product
    Example: plastic products manufactured from recycled plastics that have been turned into pellets

    Reuse- using materials or objects for the same purpose


    Example: using the same eco-bags (or carrier bags) every visit to the grocery store, or used jars to
    serve as pencil holders or containers for other food items, or papers with print only on one side to
    become scratch papers for notes

    Reduction- the practice of designing, manufacturing, purchasing, using, and reusing materials so that
    the amount of waste or its toxicity is reduced
    Example: In your purchasing decision, choose a product that has less packaging so you do not
    generate much waste

    c. Compost
     A mixture of organic wastes (especially cut or minced peelings of vegetables or fruits, grass
    clippings, cut papers, etc.) that is combined with soil
     High in nutrients and can be used as natural fertilizer to plants
    d. Sanitary landfill
     The final disposal site of all the wastes that were not removed from segregation and sorting.
    It is not just a place for dumping wastes. The operation of a sanitary landfill ideally prevents
    the contamination of environmental systems from either waste themselves or the by-
    products of these waste materials

    Fortes in Fide et Caritate Strong in Faith and Love


    2. LIQUID WASTES
     Wastes that originate from industrial, commercial, mining, and agricultural operations and
    from community and household activities
    1. Agricultural waste
    2. Domestic waste
    3. Industrial wastewater
    4. Sewage

    IMPACT OF LIQUID WASTE


     water pollution
     depletion of oxygen in water
     toxic substances harmful to aquatic life
     sickness or death to humans
     disease-carrying bacteria

    MANAGEMENT OF LIQUID WASTES


    The characteristics of wastewater depend on the operation where it comes from. For industrial
    and commercial waste water, a custom-fit wastewater treatment facility should be designed and used to
    ensure that their liquid wastes are free from contaminants before discharging to their final outfall. In
    cities and other large communities where liquid wastes come from toilets and kitchens, a simple
    wastewater treatment facility is recommended. It is called sewage treatment plant (STP).

    An STP comprises two treatment processes:


    a. Primary sewage treatment
     Usually a physical treatment that separates solid particles from the liquid through large
    screens. It makes use of filtration and sedimentation processes.
    b. Secondary sewage treatment
     Usually eliminates or at least reduces the amount of organic load.
     Certain bacteria or other microorganisms are grown into the holding pond and allowed to
    feed on the dissolved organic matter.

    3. GASEOUS WASTES
    Urban development has increased the production of wastes even in gaseous form. Human activities that
    involve machines and other technology emit gaseous pollutants. Hence, the larger the scale of operation, the
    higher the volume and toxicity is emitted by these industries. In heavy industries such as mining, energy
    production, and manufacturing, certain air pollutants should be abated through filters or detoxification processes.
    These added kinds of equipment are applied in chimneys or other sources of air pollutants for immediate gas
    treatment before emission to the atmosphere.
    In small-scale machines, like vehicles or electronic appliances, gaseous emissions are sometimes overlooked
    because some toxic gases are invisible, like the ozone-depleting substances (ODS) such as aerosols and
    chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) that have escaped directly to the stratosphere to destroy the ozone layer.

    REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT OF GASEOUS WASTES

    a. Conserve energy- reduces the need to produce energy because the consumption is lessened
    b. Use catalytic converters in cars- vehicles that use catalytic converters have improved their emissions with the
    reduction of carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and volatile organic compounds.
    c. Engage in carpooling, using public transportation or bike, or walk- carpooling can greatly reduce the amount
    of air pollution; if your destination is near, you can do some exercise by walking or using a bicycle
    d. Avoid burning- burning releases toxic chemicals like dioxins and furans that are associated with respiratory
    problems.
    e. Use water-based sprays or solvent-free paints- chemical-based insect killers, for example, may instantly
    eliminate pests, but their chemical content may be high and very toxic to your health and your environment
    f. Advocate for emission reductions in factories and more stringent implementation of emission standards- join
    in initiatives or programs that can help increase awareness of pollution reductions in your community

    Fortes in Fide et Caritate Strong in Faith and Love

    You might also like