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Avatar 

(2009 film)
Avatar (marketed as James Cameron's Avatar) is a 2009 epic science fiction film directed, written,
co-produced, and co-edited by James Cameron and starring Sam Worthington, Zoe
Saldana, Stephen Lang, Michelle Rodriguez,[6] and Sigourney Weaver. It is set in the mid-22nd
century, when humans are colonizing Pandora, a lush habitable moon of a gas giant in the Alpha
Centauri star system, in order to mine the valuable mineral unobtanium.[a] The expansion of the
mining colony threatens the continued existence of a local tribe of Na'vi, a humanoid species
indigenous to Pandora. The title of the film refers to a genetically engineered Na'vi body operated
from the brain of a remotely located human that is used to interact with the natives of Pandora.[10]
Development of Avatar began in 1994, when James Cameron wrote an 80-page treatment for the
film.[11][12] Filming was supposed to take place after the completion of Cameron's 1997 film Titanic, for
a planned release in 1999;[13] however, according to Cameron, the necessary technology was not yet
available to achieve his vision of the film.[14] Work on the language of the Na'vi began in 2005, and
Cameron began developing the screenplay and fictional universe in early 2006.[15][16] Avatar was
officially budgeted at $237 million, due to the groundbreaking array of new visual effects Cameron
achieved in cooperation with Weta Digital in Wellington.[4] Other estimates put the cost at between
$280 million and $310 million for production and at $150 million for promotion.[17][18][19] The film made
extensive use of new motion capture filming techniques and was released for traditional
viewing, 3D viewing (using the RealD 3D, Dolby 3D, XpanD 3D, and IMAX 3D formats), and "4D"
experiences in selected South Korean theaters.[20]
Avatar premiered on December 10, 2009, in London and was released in the United States on
December 18, 2009, to positive reviews. Critics highly praised its groundbreaking visual effects,
though the story was considered to be predictable.[21][22][23] During its theatrical run, the film broke
several box office records and became the highest-grossing film at the time, as well as in the United
States and Canada,[24] surpassing Cameron's Titanic, which had held those records for twelve years.
[25]
 Avatar remained the highest-grossing film in the world for nearly a decade until it was overtaken
by Avengers: Endgame in 2019, but a Chinese re-release of Avatar led to the film retaking the
worldwide top spot in March 2021, where it has been ever since.[26] Adjusted for inflation, Avatar is
the second-highest-grossing movie of all time after Gone with the Wind, with a total of more than $3
billion. It also became the first film to gross more than $2 billion[27] and the best-selling video title of
2010 in the United States. Avatar was nominated for nine Academy Awards, including Best
Picture and Best Director,[28] and won three for Best Art Direction, Best Cinematography, and Best
Visual Effects.[29] The success of the film also led to electronics manufacturers releasing 3D
televisions[30] and caused 3D films[31] to increase in popularity.
Following the film's success, Cameron signed with 20th Century Fox to produce four sequels. The
first sequel, Avatar: The Way of Water, was released on December 16, 2022, which broke various
box office records, and received similar reviews. Avatar 3 has completed principal filming and will be
released in 2024. Further sequels are scheduled for release in 2026 and in 2028.[32] Several cast
members returned, including Worthington, Saldana, Lang, and Weaver.[33][34]

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