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GENERAL QUESTIONS
(Magnetic Particle Inspection)

1. A permanent magnet is a material whose magnetic domains are :

A. held in fixed positions with directions that cancel out.
B. In fixed positions with a preponderance of the magnetic domains aligned in one
direction.
C. In random positions that easily align themselves to attract a magnetic material.
D. of reversing polarity with each reversal of applied current.
2. When two magnets are brought into close proximity, if like poles are closest, the magnets
will:
A. attract one another. C. Change polarity
B. Repel one another. D. Not be affected
3. Surrounding an electromagnet, the magnetic field is strongest :
A. immediately after the current ceases to flow.
B. while the magnetizing current is flowing.
C. at the time the magnetic particles are applied to the part.
D. just prior to current reversal.
4. "Magnetic flux" is a term that relates to :
A. describing the direction of current flow in an electromagnet.
B. the manner by which the magnetism flows through space.
C. the number of lines of force associated with a magnetic field.
D. permanent magnets only.
5. Which of the following is not an advantage when a permanent magnet is used for
magnetizing :
A. A permanent magnet requires no power.
B. A permanent magnet is readily portable.
C. A permanent magnet enables easy adjustment the strength of the field.
D. A permanent magnet is relatively inexpensive.
6. The flux density of the magnetism induced by a coil can be controlled by varying :
A. the coil size. C. the number of turns in the coil
B. the current in the coil . D. All of the above
7. How many ampere- turns are required to magnetize a part that is 16 inches long and 2
inches in diameter :
A. 9000 ampere-turns. C. 2812 ampere-turns.
B. 5625 ampere-turns. D. None of the above
8. A5-turn coil will be used on a part that is 18 inches long and 1.5 inches in diameter.
What is the L/D ratio of the part if 5000 amperes magnetizing current is used ?
A. 90 C. 16.5
B. 12 D. 1.8
9. " Magnetic particle " is a nondestructive examination method used for :
A. locating surface discontinuities. C. Material separation
B. near surface discontinuities. D. Both A and B

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10. What wattage is most commonly used for mercury vapor bulbs for portable fluorescent
magnetic particle inspection ?
A. 200 watts C. 100 watts
B. 50 watts D. 75 watts
11. What type of magnetization uses the formula: Ampere-turns = 45,000 ?
L/D
A. Circular C. Parallel
B. Longitudinal D. Vectored
12. Some limitations of coil magnetization techniques are that:
A. oil must be of minimum diameter in relation to part.
B. The effective field is generally limited on either side of the coil.
C. Small diameter parts should be placed close to the coil.
D. All of the above.
13. The interpretation of magnetic particle indications may be aided by :
A. observing with a magnifying glass.
B. observing the indications as they are formed.
C. reproducing the indications residually.
D. all of the above.
14. When testing for fine shallow surface crack, the preferred MP method should be :
A. dry AC . C. Wet AC
B. dry DC. D. Wet DC
15.When testing a bar with an L/D ratio of five in a ten-turn coil,the required current would be
A. 45,000 amperes. C. 18,000 amperes
B. 1125 amperes. D. 900 amperes
16. Fluorescent magnetic particle indications should be inspected under :
A. Neon light C. Fluorescent light
B. Black light D. Any light
17. Of the following discontinuity categories, which one in considered most detrimental to the
service life of an item ?
A. Subsurface inclusions.
B. Subsurface porosity and voids.
C. Cracks open to the surface.
D. All of the above.
18. In which magnetizing method is the current passed directly through the part, thereby
setting up a magnetic field at right angles to the current flow ?
A. Central conductor magnetization. C. Head Shot Magnetization
B. Coil magnetization. D. Longitudinal magnetization

19. What causes a leakage field in a steel bar ?

A. Paint on the surface C. a Crack
B. A bend in the bar D. All of the above
20. A crack shows the strongest indication when it is located :
A. parallel to a line from prod to prod
B. perpendicular to a line from prod to prod
C. perpendicular to the plane of the coil.
D. Under the prod.

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21. The magnetic field is strongest when :
A. the magnetizing voltage is flowing
B. the magnetizing current is flowing
C. the material exhibits high coercive forces.
D. The magnetizing current is not flowing.
22. When preparing an inspection bath, the amount of magnetic particles per gallon of fluid is
called its :
A. measuring scale
B. usable limits
C. particle number
D. strength or concentration.
23. One advantage of using fluorescent magnetic particle :
A. the cost
B. the high speed of inspection
C. that less equipment is required
D. that they are more readily attracted.
24. The permeability of a material describes :
A. the depth of the magnetic field in the part
B. the ease with which it can be magnetized
C. the length of time required to demagnetize it
D. the ability to retain the magnetic field.
25. The retentivity of a material describes :
A. the length of time required to demagnetize it
B. the ability to retain the magnetic field
C. the ease with which it can be magnetized
D. the depth of the magnetic field in the part
26. Which of the following can be magnetized ?
A. Cobalt C. Iron
B. Nickel D. All of the above
27. If a crack exists in a circular magnetic field, the attraction of magnetic particles to the
crack is caused by :
A. a coercive force C. A leakage field
B. a doppler effect D. a high reluctance at the crack
28. The unit usually used to denote flux density is the :
A. Farad C. Henry
B. Newton D. Gauss
29. Magnetic flux lines which are parallel to a discontinuity produce :
A. fuzzy indication C. weak indication
B. no indication D. strong indication
30. What rule describes the direction of current flow (+ to -) when lines of magnetic force
surround a conductor ?
A. Flux rule C. Right hand rule
B. Left hand rule D. Reluctance rule
31. A circular field may be induced into a specimen by which of the following methods ?
A. Central conductor C. Direct induction (head shot)
B. Direct induction (prods) D. All of the above

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32. In longitudinal magnetization the proper term for calculating magnetizing force is :
A. Ampere C. Watts
B. Ohms D. Ampere-turns
33. A magnetic particle build-up from a discontinuity is oriented :
A. 90 to the current flow C. 180 to the magnetic field
B. 90 to the magnetic field D. 45 to the magnetic field
34. Which of the following is an advantage of magnetic particle testing over penetrant testing
A. It can detect surface discontinuities with foreign material imbedded in them
B. It can detect near-surface discontinuities
C. It is faster on individual parts
D. All of the above.
35. An electrical yoke produces :
A. a swinging field C. alternating field
B. a longitudinal field D. a circular fied.
36. If an overall pattern (sometimes circular lines) appears on the test surfaces, how should
the inspector reprocess the test piece ?
A. Demagnetize C. Retest at lower amperage
B. Retest at a higher amperage D. Both A and B
37. A desirable property of magnetic particles used for the inspection medium for either the
dry or wet method is that they :
A. be non toxic
B. posses high permeability
C. posses low retentivity
D. have all of the above characteristic.
38. The accumulation of particles at a site on the part surface, collected at and held to the site
by the magnetic leakage field, is called :
A. magnetic writing C. an indication
B. a discontinuity D. a defect
39. Which of the following is not an acceptable technique for removing a thin film of oil or
grease prior to magnetic particle testing ?
A. Wash with a solvent
B. Brush the surface with power wire brush
C. Dust the surface with chalk or talc then wipe with dry clean cloth
D. Degrease using a vapor degreasing method.
40. Which of these cracks may appear as an irregular, checked, or scattered pattern of fine
lines usually caused by local overheating ?
A. HAZ cracks
B. Crater cracks
C. Grinding cracks
D. Fatigue cracks.
41. Material which are weakly attracted magnetically are called :
A. Diamagnetic
B. Ferromagnetic
C. Non magnetic
D. Paramagnetic.

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42. Material which are strongly attracted to a magnet are called :
A. Polarized C. magnetized
B. non magnetic D. ferromagnetic
43. Which of the following is an advantage of the dry method over the wet method ?
A. It is more sensitive to find surface cracks
B. It is easier to use for field inspection with portable equipment
C. It is more capable of providing full surface coverage on irregularly shaped parts
D. It is faster than the wet method when testing a number of small parts.
44. When preparing a bath it is important to have the bath strength at a proper level, as too
many particles can result in :
A. masking the indication
B. lowering the test amperage
C. having to increase the magnetizing
D. none of the above.
45. Demagnetization :
A. is always necessary
B. can be performed only with AC
C. can be performed only with DC
D. may be a accomplished by heating a material above its curie point.
46. A prime consideration when selecting a powder to be used as a magnetic particle medium
is to select a powder that :
A. provides a high contrast to the surface being tested
B. will adhere to the surface being tested
C. requires a high demagnetization current to remove it
D. provides a low contrast to the surface being tested.
47. When adding concentrate to any wet magnetic particle suspension liquid it is common
practice :
A. to add powder directly to the suspension liquid
B. to make a small, slurry- like test mixture of the powder
C. both of the above
D. neither of the above.

48. Which one of the following is not a discontinuity common to forged products ?
A. Laps C. Bursts
B. Shrinkage D. Flakes
49. Which of the following is a defect commonly associated with the welding process ?
A. Laminations C. Lack of penetration
B. Flakes D. Seams
50. In magnetic particle inspection, it is best to :
A. Make sure that parts meet specified acceptance criteria
B. Make certain that parts are better than specified and contain no discontinuities at
all
C. Reinspect all questionable discontinuities to assure that no defective parts are
accepted
D. Reinspect questionable parts utilizing another NDT test method.

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