MINISTRY OF EDUCATION

FIJI YEAR 10 EXAMINATION 2018

BASIC SCIENCE

Time Allowed: 2 hours

(An extra 10 minutes is allowed for reading this paper)

INSTRUCTIONS

1. Write your Index Number on the front page and inside the back flap of the
Answer Booklet.
2. Answer all the questions with a blue or black ballpoint or ink pen. Do not use
red ink pen. You may use a pencil only for drawing.
3. Write all your answers in the Answer Booklet provided.
4. Write neatly and clearly.

5. If you require more paper, ask the supervisor for extra sheets. Tie these inside
the Answer Booklet at the appropriate places. Ensure that your Index Number
is written on the extra sheets.
6. You may use a calculator, provided it is silent, battery-operated and non-
programmable.

7. There are three sections in this paper. All the sections are compulsory. Note
the options in Section C. Section B is in the Answer Booklet.

SUMMARY OF QUESTIONS
SUGGESTED
SECTION QUESTION TYPE MARK
TIME
There are thirty multiple-choice questions
A in this section. 30 36 minutes
All the questions are compulsory.

There are six short-answer questions. Each

B question is worth 10 marks. 60 72 minutes
All the questions are compulsory.

There are three essay questions.

C Answer one question only. 10 12 minutes

TOTAL 100 120 minutes

COPYRIGHT: MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FIJI, 2018.

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INSTRUCTIONS HOW TO ANSWER MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS

The following shows how to answer multiple-choice questions in the

Answer Booklet.

1. In your Answer Booklet, circle the letter of the best answer.

If you change your mind, put a line through your first circle
and draw a circle around the letter of your next choice.

For example: 1 A B C D

2. If you change your mind again and like your first answer
better, put a line through your second circle and tick ()
your first answer.

For example: 1 A B C D


3. No mark will be given if you circle more than one letter as the
answer for a question.

SECTION A MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS [30 marks]

The multiple-choice questions are all compulsory.

Each question is worth 1 mark.
Circle the letter of the best answer in the Answer Booklet.

The diagram given below is that of a dissected toad.

Refer to the diagram to answer questions 1 and 2.

Source: https://thechroniclesofgrade7.wordpress.com
© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY10E 2018: BASIC SCIENCE.
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1. The letter X indicates the

A. heart. C. stomach.

B. lungs. D. intestine.

2. The function of organ Y shown above is to

A. exchange gases. C. digest the food.

B. pump the blood. D. stores undigested food.

The diagram given below is of a human kidney.

Refer to the diagram to answer questions 3 and 4.

artery

vein
Cortex

Source: http://www.petwave.com
3. The part labelled W is called the

A. pelvis. C. ureter.

B. nephron. D. medulla.

4. The function of the cortex is to

A. filter blood.
B. protect the kidney.
C. remove urine from the kidney.
D. carry blood away from the kidney.

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© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY10E 2018: BASIC SCIENCE.
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5. Which of the following chambers of the heart pumps blood to all parts of the
human body?

A. Right auricle C. Left auricle

B. Right ventricle D. Left ventricle

6. Tropism is the growth of plants in response to any stimulus. The growth

response of plant roots towards earth’s centre is called

A. tropism. C. hydrotropism.

B. geotropism. D. chemotropism.

7. The test for carbon dioxide is

A. Fehling’s solution. C. iodine solution.

B. burning splint. D. lime water.

8. The original source of energy in most ecosystems is the

A. plants. C. planktons.

B. animals. D. sunlight.

9. A secchi disc can be used to measure

A. salt content. C. hydrogen ion concentration.

B. water turbidity. D. oxygen content.

10. A community relationship in which both the organisms benefit from one another
is called

A. predation. C. competition.

B. mutualism. D. commensalism.

11. Hard corals produce a rigid skeleton made up of

A. calcium chloride. C. calcium carbonate.

B. calcium hydroxide. D. calcium bicarbonate.

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY10E 2018: BASIC SCIENCE.

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12. The largest and the best known turtle in Fiji is the

A. Green turtle. C. Hawksbill turtle.

B. Loggerhead turtle. D. Leathery turtle.

13. Which of the following pairs of element and its chemical symbol is incorrect?

A. Iron Fe
B. Copper Cu
C. Sodium S
D. Aluminium Al

14. With reference to the diagram, how many neutrons are present in a neon atom?

20

10
Ne

A. 5 C. 20

B. 10 D. 30

15. What is formed when an atom loses electrons?

A. an anion C. an isotope

B. a cation D. a compound

16. Out of the following which is the most reactive metal?

A. Gold C. Iron

B. Silver D. Potassium

17. Quenching a metal changes its properties. Quenching makes a metal

A. soft and brittle. C. hard and brittle.

B. hard and springy. D. soft and springy.

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© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY10E 2018: BASIC SCIENCE.

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18. Which of the following is the best magnetic metal?

A. Lead C. Iron

B. Copper D. Aluminium

19. The positive electrode in electrolysis is called a/an

A. anode. C. circuit.

B. cathode. D. electrolyte.

20. A convex lens acts like a

A. convex mirror. C. flat mirror.

B. concave mirror. D. spherical mirror.

21. The angle of incidence in the diagram provided below is

50º
normal

mirror

A. 40º C. 90º

B. 50º D. 180º

22. When white light is projected through a glass prism which of the following
colours is refracted the most?

A. Red C. Blue

B. Yellow D. Violet

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY10E 2018: BASIC SCIENCE.

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23. Insulators are substances that resist the conduction of electricity. Which of the
following is a good insulator?

A. Copper C. Water

B. Rubber D. Aluminium

24. A door handle is an example of

A. lever.
B. wedge.
C. inclined plane.
D. wheel and axle.

25. If the mechanical advantage of a machine is greater than 1,

A. force is multiplied.
B. speed is multiplied.
C. force and speed are multiplied.
D. there is a change in direction.

26. The distance travelled per unit of time is called

A. speed.
B. velocity.
C. acceleration.
D. displacement.

27. In the solar system an icy body that releases gas or dust is a

A. star.
B. comet.
C. planet.
D. meteorite.

28. The ozone layer that protects the earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation from
the sun is present in the

A. lithosphere.
B. atmosphere.
C. stratosphere.
D. troposphere.

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© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY10E 2018: BASIC SCIENCE.
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29. Ozone molecule is made from the atoms of

A. carbon.
B. oxygen.
C. helium.
D. nitrogen.

30. A tsunami is a huge wave in the ocean that develops as a result of

A. cyclones.
B. typhoons.
C. hurricanes.
D. earthquakes.

© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY10E 2018: BASIC SCIENCE.

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SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS [60 marks]

There are six questions in this section. Refer to the Answer Booklet to
answer all these questions. Each question is worth 10 marks.

SECTION C ESSAY QUESTIONS [10 marks]

Choose only one of the questions from the three questions given below
and write an essay using 140-150 words (2 marks is given for the
structure of the essay).

In your essay, you are required to show that you can:

(i) select ideas relevant to the question chosen.

(ii) use appropriate examples.

(iii) communicate information clearly and logically.

(iv) use the appropriate style of expository writing.

EITHER

QUESTION 1

The coral reef ecosystem is a very important ecosystem for

Fiji.

In your essay, you are required to:

 Describe four benefits of the coral reef ecosystem to Fiji. (4 marks)

 Explain two ways in which humans are causing harm to the coral
reef ecosystem and discuss what can be done to reduce these
effects. (4 marks)

OR

QUESTION 2
Blood circulation is one of the important processes that takes
place in our body.

In your essay, you are required to:

 Describe the functions of four components of the blood. (4 marks)

 Discuss the circulation of blood between the heart and
the lungs. (4 marks)

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© MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FY10E 2018: BASIC SCIENCE.
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OR

QUESTION 3

Climate change is affecting the livelihood of many Fijians.

In your essay, you are required to:

 Describe four effects of climate change on Fijian society. (4 marks)

 Discuss two ways in which Fijians have adapted to climate change. (4 marks)

THE END

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COPYRIGHT: MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, FIJI, 2018.