LAS Week 4 - MELC 37
LAS Week 4 - MELC 37
LAS Week 4 - MELC 37
Overview:
Constructions are step-by-step processes used to create accurate geometric figures. To
create a construction by hand, there are a few tools that you can use:
1. Compass: is an instrument with two arms, one 2. Protractor: is an instrument used in
sharp and one with a pencil that can be used to measuring angles, typically in the form of a
draw circles or arcs. flat semicircle marked with degrees along the
curved edge.
Bisector - The line that divides something into two equal parts. You can bisect line segments,
angles, and more. If the bisector cuts the line segment into two equal parts at 90 °, then it is called
perpendicular bisector.
Step 1. Set-up your compass such that the tips cover slightly more
than half the length of ̅̅̅
𝐽𝐾 . At point J, draw an arc as shown.
Step 2. Using the same set-up of the compass, at point K, repeat
STEP 1.
Point M is called the midpoint. The midpoint bisects the segment. Thus, ̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅̅
𝐽𝑀 = 𝑀𝐾
An arc is a portion of a circle or curve. It can be classified as Major Arc or Minor Arc. In the
figure at the previous page, AR is an arc, or in symbol:
̂
𝑷𝑻
Step 2. At point P, set-up your compass slightly wider than half the
arc 𝑃𝑇
̂ . Draw an arc as shown.
Step 3. Using the same set-up, repeat STEP 2 at point T. Name one
of the 2 points of intersection point W.
Step 4. Draw 𝐸𝑊
̅̅̅̅̅ .
𝐸𝑊 is the ray bisecting ∠𝐸, thus it is called an angle bisector. An angle bisector divides the angle to
̅̅̅̅̅
two congruent angles. Thus, 𝑚∠𝑃𝐸𝑊 = 𝑚∠𝑊𝐸𝑇 or ∠𝑃𝐸𝑊 ≅ ∠𝑊𝐸𝑇.
Perpendicular Lines are two lines intersecting each other at a right angle or at 90°.
In symbol:
Line EO ⊥ Line PS
C. How to Construct Perpendiculars.
Parallel Lines are two lines on the same plane that are at equal distance to each other
and never meet.
In symbol:
Line AB | | Line CD
⃡ and 𝑪𝑬
𝑷𝑻 ⃡ are called parallel lines. In symbol, 𝑷𝑻 ⃡ .
⃡ | | 𝑪𝑬
ACTIVITY1:
Directions: Using a straightedge and a compass, perform the following tasks:
1. Construct the perpendicular 2. Construct Ray OP as angle
bisector of with midpoint K. bisector of ∠𝑂.
Given: ̅̅̅̅
𝑆𝑀 Given: ∠𝑂
S M
O
(Note: Use the steps as in Example 1 as (Note: Use the steps as in Example 2 as
your guide in completing the activity.) your guide in completing the activity.)