Pneumatic Gripper
Pneumatic Gripper
Pneumatic Gripper
POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE
PUDUKKOTTAI – 622507
Done by
NAME REG NO
SANTHOSH M 20214835
SANTHOSHKUMAR P 20214836
SARAVANAN P 20214837
SATHAIYA C 20214838
SATHISHPANDI S 20214840
SATHIYAMOORTHY K 20214841
At the outset, we express our thanks to our esteemed chairman. Thiru AVM
SELVARAJ and beloved CEO Dr. AVM.S.KARTHICK B.E.,MBA., Ph.D for their
dynamic role and for elevation of our institution to greater heights by providing us with
all the infrastructure and other essential facilities.
Also we would like to extend our thanks to our principal & also HOD of
Mechanical Engineering Department Dr. S.G.SHELVARAJ M.E.,Ph.D for his
constant effort in helping us by providing the necessary equipment and materials that
were used to build the project.
Not the more formality but from the depth of our heart, we extend our sincere
thanks to our project guide Mr.J.VIJAYARUBAN B.E., lecturer in Department of
Mechanical Engineering for his valuable suggestions, motivation, and constant
support.
We are really indebted to our parents, faculty members and our friends for their
timely help, and for the mental and moral support. Along with their blessing of the
almighty, we will continue to feel the success.
We would like to submit our special thanks to our Department Staff Members
and Lab Instructors and other non teaching staff for their valuable suggestions to
improve the content and quality of the project.
We also exhibit our thanks to one and all who had constantly supported us
either directly or indirectly to complete in completing this project successfully.
CONTENTS
Chapter no Title Page no
I Abstract 01
II Introduction 03
IV Selection of Materials 09
V Component Description 12
VI Working Principle 15
VII Diagram 17
IX Features 22
X Conclusion 24
XI References 26
CHAPTER I
ABSTRACT
1
CHAPTER I
ABSTRACT
2
CHAPTER II
INTRODUCTION
3
CHAPTER II
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION
A pick-and-place robot is one that picks up an object and places it in a specific
area. A gripper is used as an end effector by a pick and place robot. There are some ISO
standards for gripper design and modelling. The major standard is ISO 14539:2000,
which covers object handling with grasp-type grippers by manipulating industrial
robots. Pneumatic grippers are mechanical grippers that are a cost-effective and
dependable solution for a wide range of basic pick and place applications. A study was
conducted to determine which type of gripper is most effective in pick and place
applications, and the pneumatic gripper emerged as the winner. Compressed air is used
to transmit and control energy in the pneumatic system. It is frequently utilised in
industrial automation and automotive applications that require quick reaction and low
load. Air is employed as the medium because it is easy to compress and store. Air is
abundant and would not harm the environment in the event of a leak. In current
technology, most pneumatic grippers use two or three fingers grippers, which are
insufficient for picking a huge object. We modified the gripper structure from a two-
finger or three-finger gripper to a four-finger gripper to boost the effective grabbing
power.
Air is air that has a pressure that is substantially higher than that of the atmosphere.
When compressed air is expanded to a lower pressure, it can be used to push a piston,
like in a jackhammer; it can be used to move a shaft, like in a high-speed dental drill; or
it can be expanded through a nozzle to produce a high-speed jet, like in a paint sprayer.
Many pneumatic devices use compressed air as a source of energy to execute various
tasks, such as riveting guns, air powered hammers, drills such as rock drills, and other
pneumatic instruments. There are ways to employ compressed air in coal mining tools,
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lowering the risk of injury.
1.2 Scope
The goal of this project is to create a pneumatic gripper for industrial use. This
project focuses on picking different characteristics that provide the gripper more
usefulness and versatility. The gripper dimensions, material utilised to construct the
gripper, and design of the gripper 1-8 may differ from one application to the next. To
address these issues, we created a prototype four-finger pneumatic gripper for soda can
automation.
1.3 OBJECTIVE
5
CHAPTER III
LITERATURE REVIEW
6
CHAPTER III
LITERATURE REVIEW
Swapnil Gurav et al. deals with the design and manufacture of robot end effectors
that must conduct a pick place operation for handling items in the industrial
automachine and manufacturing industries. They created a gripper for the stamping and
folding industries that needed to grasp sheet metal pieces. The kinematics and dexterity
of the human hand are heavily emphasised in the design (humanoid). Ansys software is
used to perform a kinematic study of the gripper to assist this beginner design. It is put
through its paces with various loads and shapes.
Anna Maria Gil Fuster et al. In order to reduce the cost of serial production, the
gripper was developed and built using injection modelling. The prototype of the gripper
was created using 3D printing. They conducted research on household items with
unusual forms and weights. The SCARA robot served as inspiration for the final
prototype of a four-finger gripper.
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Maheshwari et al built a pneumatic pick and place automation system for a
groove grinding machine that was tailored to their issue statement. They analysed
current systems and identified flaws, then created a pneumatic pick and place
automation machine to solve those difficulties. They estimated the force that must be
delivered to the metal and chose a pneumatic cylinder to control the operation in the
groove grinding machine industry. The pneumatic gripper used to manipulate
cylindrical objects is discussed by.
8
CHAPTER IV
SELECTION OF
MATERIALS
9
CHAPTER IV
FACTORS DETERMINING THE CHOICE OF MATERIALS
1. Properties:
The material selected must possess the necessary properties for the proposed
application. The various requirements to be satisfied can be weight, surface
finish, rigidity, ability to withstand environmental attack from chemicals,
service life, reliability etc. The following four types of principle properties of
materials decisively affect their selection
Physical
Mechanical
Chemical
Castability
Weldability
Surface properties
Shrinkage
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2. Manufacturing Case
3. Quality Required
4. Availability of Material
5. Space Consideration
6. Cost
11
CHAPTER V
COMPONENTS
DESCRIPTION
12
CHAPTER IV
COMPONENTS DESCRIPTION
Air Receiver
The pressurized air is fed through a baffle plate in the filter bowl and travels through the
filter from left to right. The battle plate causes the air to rotate, and the heavier dust
particles and water droplets are spun against the inner wall of the filter bowl by
centrifugal force.
Air Regulator
The compressed air produced by the compressor will change over time.
Regardless of pressure fluctuations in the main loop, centrally situated regulators
installed in the compressed air network provide a consistent supply pressure (secondary
pressure). (Initial pressure).
Air Lubricator
As a general rule, compressed air should be dry, that is, free of grease. It may be
essential to grease some components. Compressed air lubrication should therefore
always be limited to the plant areas that require it. Mist lubricators are used to feed
specifically selected oils into compressed air for this purpose. Oils injected into the air
by the compressor are incompatible with the lubrication of control system components.
Pneumatic Actuators
13
An actuator is a device that converts energy from the supply into productive
work. The system controls the output signal, and the actuator responds to the control
signals through the final control element. To indicate the status of the control system or
actuator, other types of output devices are used.
Pneumatic Valves :
Flow control valves (Throttle valves) influence the volumetric of compressed air,
in both directions.
A way must be given for conducting clean, dry, and lubricated compressed air to
tools and equipment beyond the compressed air distribution system, which is made up
of rigid main pipelines, feeder lines, and associated fittings and accessories. This is
accomplished using air hose tubing.
14
CHAPTER VI
WORKING PRINCIPLE
15
CHAPTER VI
WORKING PRINCIPLE
Since the force generated by the actuator is proportional to the pressure difference
between the two sides, the actual pressures in the cylinder don’t affect the action of the
cylinder. Pneumatic system is used to most important process of Industries and Harbor.
Any work done by Pneumatic system, Ex: Lifting, Pulling, Pushing, Pressing, etc.,
above process can be made to easily carried out by Pneumatic system. In this method of
machinery work is designed through Air Pressure. So this process are used to all kinds
of work.
All types of works can be successfully finished for this Air pumping pressure-
creating method. Pneumatic pump and Pneumatic cylinder are used this process.
Pneumatic cylinder’s ram is increase and decrease operation finished in this process.
Generally, Pneumatic cylinder operations are based on Pneumatic pump
operation. Air is pumping to the Pneumatic cylinder by using Pneumatic pump system.
It’s the manual operation.
16
CHAPTER VII
DIAGRAM
17
CHAPTER VII
DIAGRAM
18
CHAPTER VIII
COST ESTIMATION
19
CHAPTER VIII
COST ESTIMATION
1
Pneumatic cylinder 1 2500
2 - 700
Frame
Total 4050
LABOUR COST:
Welding,
Grinding,
Power hacksaw,
20
Overhead Charges :
= 4050 + 1500
= RS.5550
= Rs.1110
TOTAL COST:
= 6660/-
21
CHAPTER IX
FEATURES
22
CHAPTER IX
FEATURES
Advantages:
1. More efficient
2. Power can be easily transmission.
3. Less loss in transmission.
4. Very Easy Holding Process.
Disadvantages:
23
CHAPTER X
CONCLUSION
24
CHAPTER X
CONCLUSION
25
CHAPTER XI
REFERENCES
26
CHAPTER XI
REFERENCES
[1] Kushang, and Amin Harsh, "Design and development of universal drilling
machine: a review study," "International Journal for Technological Research in
Engineering," April 2016, pp.27-42.
[2] Tudor Deaconescu and Doinaarliman (NEGREA), "Study on the Pneumatic
Actuation of Gripping Systems," "Advances in Production, Automation, and
Transportation Systems," "ROMANIA," Hydraulic and Pneumatic, 2015, pp.88-
110.
[3] Gujjarlapudikrishnavamsi, Gadinarayana, "Design and Analysis of
Pneumatic Gripper with Two Jaw Actuavation," ISSN 2319-8885,4[1], January-
2015, PP.20-23.
[4] K. Krantikumar, K.V.S.S. Saikiran, and Jakkoju Sathish, "Study on the
Pneumatic Actuation of Gripping Systems," ISSN NO: 2348-4845, March-2016,
pp.501-509.
[5] Miguel Angel Castillo, "Advanced Pneumatic Gripper, Countersink, and
Riveting Experience," "SAE international report," pp.210-325.
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