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    Finite Element Method ME751: Mechanical IV/II

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    Aashis Dahal
    The document describes the application of the finite element method to solve one-dimensional and two-dimensional heat transfer problems. It outlines the general procedure, which involves dividing the domain into elements, choosing interpolation functions, applying the weighted residual principle, and deriving the global stiffness matrix [K] and load vector {f}. Sample problems are presented to demonstrate the method for a plane wall, cylindrical fin, and square plate with various boundary conditions like convection.

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    Finite Element Method ME751: Mechanical IV/II

    Uploaded by

    Aashis Dahal
    31 views22 pages
    The document describes the application of the finite element method to solve one-dimensional and two-dimensional heat transfer problems. It outlines the general procedure, which involves dividing the domain into elements, choosing interpolation functions, applying the weighted residual principle, and deriving the global stiffness matrix [K] and load vector {f}. Sample problems are presented to demonstrate the method for a plane wall, cylindrical fin, and square plate with various boundary conditions like convection.

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    The document describes the application of the finite element method to solve one-dimensional and two-dimensional heat transfer problems. It outlines the general procedure, which involves dividing the domain into elements, choosing interpolation functions, applying the weighted residual principle, and deriving the global stiffness matrix [K] and load vector {f}. Sample problems are presented to demonstrate the method for a plane wall, cylindrical fin, and square plate with various boundary conditions like convection.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    31 views22 pages

    Finite Element Method ME751: Mechanical IV/II

    Uploaded by

    Aashis Dahal
    The document describes the application of the finite element method to solve one-dimensional and two-dimensional heat transfer problems. It outlines the general procedure, which involves dividing the domain into elements, choosing interpolation functions, applying the weighted residual principle, and deriving the global stiffness matrix [K] and load vector {f}. Sample problems are presented to demonstrate the method for a plane wall, cylindrical fin, and square plate with various boundary conditions like convection.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 22

    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

    ME751
    Mechanical IV/II
    Chapter 7
    APLICATIONS: HEAT
    TRANSFER
    7.1 One Dimensional Plane Wall
    Steady state heat transfer through plane wall is given by

    ..... (1)

    with boundary conditions


    ..... (2)

    where

    2
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
    Using weighted residual principle

    Substituting

    3
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
    ..... (3)

    Equation [3] can also be expressed as


    ..... (4)
    4
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
    Then elements of [K]k are determined by

    ..... (5)

    Substituting Ni = (1 – x/L) and Nj = x/L, we get

    ..... (6)

    Then elements of [K]h, which is defined only for the


    element at the right end, are determined by
    ..... (7)
    Substituting Ni = 0 at x = L and Nj = 1 at x = L, we get
    ..... (8)
    5
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
    Then elements of {f}Q are determined by

    ..... (9)

    Substituting Ni = (1 – x/L) and Nj = x/L, we get

    ..... (10)

    Then elements of {f}h, which is defined only for the


    element at the right end, are determined by
    ..... (11)

    Substituting Ni = 0 at x = L and Nj = 1 at x = L, we get


    ..... (12)
    6
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
    7.2 One Dimensional Fin

    Steady state heat transfer through an one dimensional fin is given by

    ..... (13)

    with boundary conditions


    ..... (14)

    where P is perimeter.
    7
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
    Using weighted residual principle

    Substituting

    8
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
    9
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
    ..... (15)
    Equation [15] can also be expressed as
    ..... (16)
    Then elements of [K]hP are determined by

    ..... (17)

    Substituting Ni = (1 – x/L)
    and Nj = x/L, we get ..... (18)
    10
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
    Then elements of {f}hP are determined by

    ..... (19)

    Substituting Ni = (1 – x/L) and Nj = x/L, we get

    ..... (20)

    11
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
    EXAMPLE 7.1
    A metallic fin, with thermal conductivity 70 W/mK, 1 cm radius
    and 5 cm long extends from a plane wall whose temperature is
    140°C. Determine the temperature distribution along the fin if
    heat is transferred to ambient air at 20°C with heat transfer
    coefficient of 5 W/m2K. Take two elements along the fin.

    12
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
    7.3 Two Dimensional Heat Transfer
    Steady state two dimensional heat transfer is given by

    ..... (1)

    with boundary conditions

    ..... (2)

    13
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
    Using weighted residual principle

    14
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
    Using gradient theorem

    Combining first and third terms

    15
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
    Since Γ = Γϕ + Γq + Γh and substituting

    Since wi = 0 on Γϕ

    16
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
    ..... (23)

    Equation [23] can also be expressed as


    ..... (24)

    Then elements of [K]k are determined by

    ..... (25)

    17
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
    Substituting Ni = ai + bi x +ci y , Nj = aj + bj x +cj y and Nk
    = ak + bk x +ck y, we get

    ..... (26)

    Then elements of [K]h, which is defined only for the edges of the
    element subjected to convection, are determined by
    ..... (27)

    If jk edge of an element is subjected to convection, Ni = 0


    on the edge jk and Nj = (1 – s/sjk) and Nj = (s/sjk) on the
    edge jk, we get

    ..... (28)
    18
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
    Then elements of {f}Q are determined by

    ..... (29)

    Element values of {fi}Q can be determined to be


    ..... (30)

    Then elements of {f}q, which is defined only for the edges


    of the element subjected to convection, are determined by
    ..... (31)

    If jk edge of an element is subjected to convection, Ni = 0


    on the edge jk and Nj = (1 – s/sjk) and Nj = (s/sjk) on the
    edge jk, we get
    19
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
    ..... (32)

    Then elements of {f}h, which is defined only for the edges


    of the element subjected to convection, are determined by
    ..... (33)

    If jk edge of an element is subjected to convection, Ni = 0


    on the edge jk and Nj = (1 – s/sjk) and Nj = (s/sjk) on the
    edge jk, we get
    ..... (34)

    20
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
    EXAMPLE 7.2
    Determine the temperature distribution for a square plate shown
    in Figure. Take Q = 1000 W/m2 and k = 1 W/m.K. Temperature
    along all edges is 00C.

    21
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
    EXAMPLE 7.3
    Calculate the k and f matrices for the element shown in Figure.
    The conductivities are Kxx = Kyy = 15 W/(m 0C) and the
    convection coefficient is h = 20 W/(m2 0C). Convection occurs
    across the i-m surface. The free-stream temperature is T∞ = 15
    0
    C. The coordinates are shown expressed in units of meters. Let
    the line source be Q = 100 W/m as located in the figure. Take the
    thickness of the element to be 1 m.

    22
    FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

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