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    Fetal Growth and Development

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    Tandingco, Olivia Mari H.
    The document discusses fetal growth and development from conception through birth in three stages: pre-embryonic (first 2 weeks), embryonic (weeks 3-8), and fetal (weeks 8 until birth). It provides details on normal fetal development for each trimester, including key physical changes and milestones. In the first trimester organs form, the heart beats, and facial features develop. In the second trimester quickening is felt, hair forms, and the fetus responds to sounds. In the third trimester lung and brain development continues, fat deposits increase, and babies move into position for birth.

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    Fetal Growth and Development

    Uploaded by

    Tandingco, Olivia Mari H.
    16 views2 pages
    The document discusses fetal growth and development from conception through birth in three stages: pre-embryonic (first 2 weeks), embryonic (weeks 3-8), and fetal (weeks 8 until birth). It provides details on normal fetal development for each trimester, including key physical changes and milestones. In the first trimester organs form, the heart beats, and facial features develop. In the second trimester quickening is felt, hair forms, and the fetus responds to sounds. In the third trimester lung and brain development continues, fat deposits increase, and babies move into position for birth.

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    NCM 107 LEC LESSONS

    Original Title

    FETAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

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    The document discusses fetal growth and development from conception through birth in three stages: pre-embryonic (first 2 weeks), embryonic (weeks 3-8), and fetal (weeks 8 until birth). It provides details on normal fetal development for each trimester, including key physical changes and milestones. In the first trimester organs form, the heart beats, and facial features develop. In the second trimester quickening is felt, hair forms, and the fetus responds to sounds. In the third trimester lung and brain development continues, fat deposits increase, and babies move into position for birth.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    16 views2 pages

    Fetal Growth and Development

    Uploaded by

    Tandingco, Olivia Mari H.
    The document discusses fetal growth and development from conception through birth in three stages: pre-embryonic (first 2 weeks), embryonic (weeks 3-8), and fetal (weeks 8 until birth). It provides details on normal fetal development for each trimester, including key physical changes and milestones. In the first trimester organs form, the heart beats, and facial features develop. In the second trimester quickening is felt, hair forms, and the fetus responds to sounds. In the third trimester lung and brain development continues, fat deposits increase, and babies move into position for birth.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    FETAL GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

    Sunday, 28 August 2022 8:41 PM

    *Pre-embryonic - first 2 wks beginning with fertilization


    *Embryonic - wks 3-8 considered the most critical fetal stage bcos of organogenesis
    *Fetal - wks 8 to birth

    NORMAL FETAL DEVELOPMENT


    ------------FIRST TRIMESTER-----------------
    4 WEEKS
    • Form of embryonic disc, not clearly defined features, spinal cord is formed; rudimentary heart
    appears as a prominent bulge on the anterior surface, arms & legs bud like structures,
    rudimentary eyes, ears, & nose are discernable
    8 WEEKS
    • Organogenesis is complete , heart beats rhythmically, facial features discernable, extremities
    developed, external genitalia present but not distinguishable, primitive tail is regressing, abdomen
    appears large as fetal intestines grows rapidly, sonogram shows gestational sac (diagnostic of
    pregnancy)
    12 WEEKS
    • Nail beds forming, bone ossification begins, tooth buds present, sex distinguishable by outward
    appearance, kidneys secrete, heartbeat audible by a doppler
    ----------SECOND TRIMESTER---------------
    16 WEEKS
    • Fetal heart sounds audible via fetoscope, lanugo is well formed, liver & pancreas functioning, fetus
    amniotic fluid > intact but uncoordinated swallowing reflex, sex can be determined by ultrasound;
    quickening felt by a multigravida
    20 WEEKS
    • Quickening felt by a primigravida, antibody production is possible, hair forms including eyebrows
    & on head, meconium present in upper intestine, brown fat (aids in temp regulation @birth)
    begins to be formed behind the kidneys, sternum, & posterior neck
    • Fetal heart audible via stethoscope, vernix caseosa begins to form
    24 WEEKS
    • Passive antibody transfer from mother to fetus probably begins as early as 20 wks but certainly at
    24 wks; born before this has taken place have no natural immunity & need more than the usual
    protection against infectious disease in the newborn until infant's own store of IG's can build up
    • Meconium present in the rectum, active production of lung surfactant begins, eyebrows &
    eyelashes well defined, eyelids now open, pupils reactive to light, hears in response to sudden
    sound
    -----------THIRD TRIMESTER----------------
    28 WEEKS
    • Lung alveoli begins to mature, surfactant present in amniotic fluid, BV of the retina extremely
    susceptible to damage from high O2 concentrations, the eyes open
    32 WEEKS
    • Subcutaneous fat begins to be deposited (former "stringy" old appearance is lost), fetus aware of
    sounds outside the mother's body, active moro reflex present, birth position (vertex or breech)
    may be assumed, iron stores provide iron for the time that the neonate will ingest only milk after
    birth are beginning to be developed, fingernails grow to reach end of fingertips
    36 WEEKS
    • Additional amounts of SQ fats are deposited; sole of foot has only one or two crisscross creases,
    lanugo begins to diminish, most babies turn into a vertex or head-down presentation during this
    month
    40 WEEKS

    NCM 107 LEC Page 1


    40 WEEKS
    • Fetus kicks actively causing discomfort to the mother, vernix caseosa is fully formed, fingertips
    extend over the fingertips
    • In primiparas, the fetus often sinks into the birth canal during the last two wks (up to 4 wks),
    giving the mother a feeling that her load is being lightened > lightening, fetal announcement that
    the third trimester of pregnancy has ended and birth is at hand

    NCM 107 LEC Page 2

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