Chuyên Đề 9 Liên Từ (Conjunctions)
Chuyên Đề 9 Liên Từ (Conjunctions)
Chuyên Đề 9 Liên Từ (Conjunctions)
LIÊN TỪ (CONJUNCTIONS)
* PHẦN 1: LÍ THUYẾT
* A conjunction is used to join words or group of words
* Kinds of conjunctions
1, Coordinating conjunctions
2, Correlative conjunctions
3, Subordinating conjunctions
4, Conjunctive Adverbs
I. Coordinating Conjunctions
A coordinating conjunction joins parts of a sentence (for example words or independent clauses)
that are grammatically equal or similar. A coordinating conjunction shows that the elements it
joins are similar in importance and structure:
Look at these examples - the two elements that the coordinating conjunction joins are shown in
square brackets [ ]:
I like [tea] and [coffee].
[Ram likes tea], but [Anthony likes coffee].
However, if the independent clauses are short and well-balanced, a comma is not really essential:
When "and" is used with the last word of a list, a comma is optional:
The 7 coordinating conjunctions are short, simple words. They have only two or three letters.
There's an easy way to remember them - their initials spell:
F A N B O Y S
Subordinating conjunctions introduce subordinate clauses, which are clauses that cannot
stand by themselves as a complete thought.
Exercise 1. Paying attention to the expressions used in the following sentences, fill in the blanks
with the given words. Some can be used more than once.
and, but also, nor, or, than, when,
1. I have both respect _________ admiration for them.
2. It will rain either today _________ tomorrow.
3. He could not decide whether to tell the truth _________ keep silent.
4. It was not only a beautiful day, ___________ the first day of Spring.
5. He is neither proud _________ condescending.
6. No sooner had I opened my eyes _________ I remembered where I was.
7. Scarcely had I heard the news _________ my friend arrived.
8. I do not know whether he has seen the movie before ________ not.
9. She could find the book neither at the Library _________ at the bookstore.
10. The crowd was both large _________ enthusiastic.
Answers:
1. and 2. or 3. or 4. but also 5. nor
6. than 7. when 8. or 9. nor 10. and
Exercise 2. Paying attention to the meanings of the sentences, and to the presence of inverted
word order, fill in the blanks with the correct coordinate conjunctions chosen from the pairs
given in brackets.
1. I opened the door _________ looked out. (and, yet)
2. She was not in the back yard, _________ was she upstairs. (or, nor)
3. The sun had set, _________ it was still light outside. (or, yet)
4. Do you know his address _________ telephone number? (but, or)
5. He has not arrived yet, _________ have they. (and, nor)
6. I read the book, _________ did not understand it. (but, or)
7. We searched diligently, ________ found nothing. (or, yet)
8. I invited him _________ his friends. (and, but)
9. Our washing machine hasn’t been working properly recently, and _______has our dishwasher.
(neither, so)
10. ____the book _____the magazine is necessary for me. I will buy one of them.(Both-and,
Either-or)
Answers:
1. and 2. nor 3. yet 4. or 5. nor
6. but 7. yet 8. and 9. neither 10. Either-or
Answers:
1. The train proceeded neither quickly nor smoothly.
2. They will leave either today or tomorrow.
3. The child hates both getting up in the morning and going to bed at night.
4. She is neither kind nor patient.
5. He is not only talented, but also charming.
6. The street is lined with both oak trees and elm trees.
7. The lecture was not only very long but also very dull.
8. You should either eat less, or exercise more.
9. I am not only proud to be here, but also happy to meet you.
10. The town is both historical and picturesque.
Exercise 5: Combine the following sentences using an appropriate conjunction.
1. We decided to set out. It was raining.
2. I respect him. He is a brave man.
3. He did not win the first prize. He worked hard.
4. He is not a knave. He is not a fool.
5. He was not there. His brother was not there.
6. I went to the market. I bought some grocery.
7. He didn’t come. He didn’t write.
8. He must be tired. He has been working since morning.
9. Men have fought for their country. Men have died for their country.
10. He didn’t want to miss the train. He ran fast.
Answers
1. We decided to set out though it was raining.
2. I respect him because he is a brave man.
3. Though he worked hard, he did not win the first prize.
4. He is neither a knave nor a fool.
5. Neither he nor his brother was there.
6. I went to the market and bought some grocery.
7. He neither came nor wrote. OR Neither did he come nor did he write.
8. He must be tired because he has been working since morning.
9. Men have fought and died for their country.
10. As he didn’t want to miss the train, he ran fast.