Developing Receptive Skills (PDFDrive) PDF
Developing Receptive Skills (PDFDrive) PDF
Developing Receptive Skills (PDFDrive) PDF
• Why:
• Unlike animals humans have another reason to
listen: sounds can stimulate our imagination and
enrich our lives;
• To react appropriately (Car signals, baby’s cry);
• Getting information;
• Empathy, assessment or criticism
• For pleasure;
• Have to.
What is listening
• interpret,
• infer,
• or read between the lines in order to
answer the true/ false questions.
What can be difficult for
understanding a text?
• Language;
• Topic and genre;
• Comprehension tasks.
Compare your
stories with the
real one.
30
Read & listen
Let’s go back to the same story
and read it as you listen to the
recording.
«скрипка – лиса»
или
«скрип колеса»?
Listening challenges
• Recognising the word boundaries;
• The spelling system of English does not
help: “Mr Clough from Slough bought
enough dough”;
• Simply mishearing;
• Unknown words, lexical density, complex
grammar structures;
• Not enough knowledge of the topic…
How to make it easier?
Clues to help a listener:
• Vocabulary;
• Intonation and tone;
• Visual clues;
• The global background knowledge
(personal experiences, culture) that we
use to understand – Schema;
Describing the process of activating
schemata.
• Imagine I say that I am going to the bank.
Reading strategies ?
Some listening sub-strategies
• asking for clarification,
• detecting supporting ideas, generalization,
and examples,
• evaluating the message for logic,
• figuring out relationships such as causes
and effects,
• guessing the meaning of words from
context,
• inferring implied information,
Some listening sub-strategies
• inferring links and connections between
people and events,
• relating information to personal experience
or knowledge,
• responding by providing verbal and non-
verbal feedback,
• restating or paraphrasing to clarify the
message,
• using nonverbal clues to interpret
meaning.
Listening strategies can be used
as a basis for while-listening
activities
Solutions
• Include a lot of listening practice
• Assigning appropriate tasks
• Activate schematic knowledge
Listening lesson sequence
Pre-listening activities
• Ask students their opinions on the topic. Ask
them to:
- agree/disagree with statements;
- discuss questions;
- discuss quotations;
• Brainstorm on topic ideas or vocabulary;
• Discuss charts, graphs, maps, or statistics;
• Discuss pictures, photos, or cartoons;
Pre-listening activities
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2009 г.
Getting your students prepared for
listening / reading exam task
Listening strategies
• General tips
Listening strategies
• General tips
Listening strategies
• General tips
Matching
True / False / Not stated
Multiple Choice.
Multiple Choice. Exam tips
Multiple Choice. Exam tips
LONGMAN EXAM ACCELERATOR
• Ideal preparation for school-leaving
exams at B2 level