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    Introduction of K-Map (Karnaugh Map) - GATE No12564578tes

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    Anonymous a8rdyKOC
    This document provides examples of summarizing logic expressions using sum of products (SOP) and product of sums (POS) forms based on Karnaugh maps. For a 3 variable expression, it shows converting between SOP (P'R + PQ) and POS ((P' + Q') (P' + R') (P + Q + R)). For a 4 variable expression, it similarly converts between SOP (BD + B'D') and POS ((R + S' + Q') (R' + S' + P) (P' + R + S) (P' + Q + R')). It notes that the POS form of a function F is equal to the SOP form of the

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    Introduction of K-Map (Karnaugh Map) - GATE No12564578tes

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    Anonymous a8rdyKOC
    24 views4 pages
    This document provides examples of summarizing logic expressions using sum of products (SOP) and product of sums (POS) forms based on Karnaugh maps. For a 3 variable expression, it shows converting between SOP (P'R + PQ) and POS ((P' + Q') (P' + R') (P + Q + R)). For a 4 variable expression, it similarly converts between SOP (BD + B'D') and POS ((R + S' + Q') (R' + S' + P) (P' + R + S) (P' + Q + R')). It notes that the POS form of a function F is equal to the SOP form of the

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    Introduction of K-Map (Karnaugh Map) _ GATE No12564578tes

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    This document provides examples of summarizing logic expressions using sum of products (SOP) and product of sums (POS) forms based on Karnaugh maps. For a 3 variable expression, it shows converting between SOP (P'R + PQ) and POS ((P' + Q') (P' + R') (P + Q + R)). For a 4 variable expression, it similarly converts between SOP (BD + B'D') and POS ((R + S' + Q') (R' + S' + P) (P' + R + S) (P' + Q + R')). It notes that the POS form of a function F is equal to the SOP form of the

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    24 views4 pages

    Introduction of K-Map (Karnaugh Map) - GATE No12564578tes

    Uploaded by

    Anonymous a8rdyKOC
    This document provides examples of summarizing logic expressions using sum of products (SOP) and product of sums (POS) forms based on Karnaugh maps. For a 3 variable expression, it shows converting between SOP (P'R + PQ) and POS ((P' + Q') (P' + R') (P + Q + R)). For a 4 variable expression, it similarly converts between SOP (BD + B'D') and POS ((R + S' + Q') (R' + S' + P) (P' + R + S) (P' + Q + R')). It notes that the POS form of a function F is equal to the SOP form of the

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    of 4

    SOP FORM

    1. 3 variables K-map:
    Z = ∑P, Q, R (1, 3, 6, 7)

    From the red group, the product term would be —


    P’R
    From the green group, the product term would be —
    PQ
    If we sum these product terms, then we will get this final expression (P’R + PQ)

    2. 4 variables K-map:
    F (A, B, C, D) = ∑(0, 2, 5, 7, 8, 10, 13, 15)
    From the red group, the product term would be —
    BD
    From the lilac group, the product term would be —
    B’D’
    If we sum these product terms, then we will get this final expression (BD + B’D’)

    POS FORM
    1. 3 variables K-map
    F (P, Q, R) = π(0,3,6,7)

    From the lilac group, the terms would be


    PQ
    If we take the complement of these two
    P’ Q’
    And then sum up them
    (P’ + Q’)
    From the blue group, the terms would be
    BR
    When we take the complement of these terms
    B’ R’
    And then sum them up
    (B’ + R’)
    From the red group, the terms would be
    P’ Q’ R’
    If we take the complement of the two terms
    PQR
    And then sum them up
    (P + Q + R)
    If we take the product of these three terms, then we will get this final expression –
    (P’ + Q’) (P’ + R’) (P + Q + R)

    2. 4 variables K-map
    F (P, Q, R, S) = π (3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13)

    From the blue group, the terms would be


    R’ S Q
    We take their complement and then sum them
    (R + S’+ Q’)
    From the purple group, the terms would be
    R S P’
    We take their complement and then sum them
    (R’ + S’+ P) S
    From the red group, the terms would be
    P R’ S’
    We take their complement and then sum them
    (P’ + R + S)
    From the lilac group, the terms would be
    P Q’ R
    We take their complement and then sum them
    (P’ + Q + R’)
    Finally, we will express these in the form of the product –
    (R + S’+ Q’).(R’ + S’+A).(P’+ R + S).(P’+ Q + R’)
    Pitfall – Always remember that POS ≠ (SOP)’
    *Here, the correct form would be (POS of F) = (SOP of F’)’

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