Inverse Trigonometric Functions

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Nishant Vora
B.Tech - IIT Patna
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 Inverse
Trigonometric
Functions
Will Inverse Exist ?
f:R➝R
f(x) = sin x
Will Inverse Exist ?
Restricting Domain
f(x) = sin x
Visualize
Kundali of y = sin-1x

f-1(x) = sin-1 x
Trick to Remember Graphs
Trick to Remember Graphs
Trick to Remember Graphs
Domain and Range
S.No. Function Domain Range

1. y = sin-1 x -1 ≤ x ≤ 1 -π/2 ≤ y ≤ π/2

2. y = cos-1 x -1 ≤ x ≤ 1 0≤y≤π

3. y = tan-1 x x∈R - π/2 < y < π/2

4. y = cot-1 x x∈R 0<y<π

5. y = cosec-1 x x ≤ -1 or x ≥ 1 - π/2 ≤ y ≤ π/2 ; y ≠ 0

6. y = sec-1 x x ≤ -1 or x ≥ 1 0 ≤ y ≤ π ; y ≠ π/2
 Basic
Questions
 [JEE Main
2021]
A. (1 - x)2 f’(x) - 2(f(x))2 = 0

B. (1 + x)2 f’(x) + 2(f(x))2 = 0

C. (1 - x)2 f’(x) + 2(f(x))2 = 0

D. (1 + x)2 f’(x) - 2(f(x))2 = 0

A possible value of tan (1/4 sin-1 √63/8 ) is :

A. 1/2√2

B. 1/√7
[JEE Main
C. √7 - 1 2021]

D. 2√2 - 1
A.
[JEE Adv. 2018]

B. x

C.

D.
Domain and Range
Questions
Domain and Range
S.No. Function Domain Range

1. y = sin-1 x -1 ≤ x ≤ 1 -π/2 ≤ y ≤ π/2

2. y = cos-1 x -1 ≤ x ≤ 1 0≤y≤π

3. y = tan-1 x x∈R - π/2 < x < π/2

4. y = cot-1 x x∈R 0<y<π

5. y = cosec-1 x x ≤ -1 or x ≥ 1 - π/2 ≤ x ≤ π/2, y ≠ 0

6. y = sec-1 x x ≤ -1 or x ≥ 1 0 ≤ y ≤ π ; y ≠ π/2
Domain and Range
Find domain of f(x) = sin-1 - log10 (4 - x)

A. [1, 5]

B. [1, 4)

C. [1, 4]

D. (1, 4)
The domain of the function cosec-1 (1+x / x) is :

A. [JEE Main
2021]

B.

C.

D.
Decreasing Functions
Domain of the function

A.

B.

C.

D.
All x satisfying the inequality (cot-1 x)2 - 7(cot-1x) + 10 > 0, lie in the
interval :

A. (-∞, cot 5) ◡ (cot4, cot2)

B. (cot2, ∞)
[JEE Main
C. (-∞, cot5) ◡ (cot2, ∞) 2019]

D. (cot 5, cot 4)
(JEE Adv. 2015)
If cos-1 x + cos-1 y + cos-1 z = 3𝝿, then the value of

A. 0

B. 1

C. -1

D. 2
If sin-1 x + sin-1 y + sin-1 z = 3𝝿 / 2, then possible value(s) of a satisfying

the equation

A. 1

B. 4

C. 9

D. 16
The number of real roots of the equation

IIT 1999
[JEE Main
A. 1 2021]

B. 2

C. 4

D. 0
Properties of
ITF
Property - 1
(i) sin-1 (- x) = - sin-1 x
(ii) tan-1 (- x) = - tan-1 x
(iii) cosec-1 (- x) = - cosec-1 x
(iv) cos-1 (- x) = 𝝿 - cos-1 x
(v) cot-1 (- x) = 𝝿 - cot-1 x
(vi) sec-1 (- x) = 𝝿 - sec-1 x
Property - 2
(i) sin (sin-1 x) = x , - 1 ≤ x ≤ 1
(ii) cos (cos-1 x) = x , - 1 ≤ x ≤ 1
(iii) tan (tan-1 x) = x , x ∈ R
(iv) cot (cot-1 x) = x , x ∈ R
(v) cosec (cosec-1 x) = x , |x| ≥ 1
(vi) sec (sec-1 x) = x , |x| ≥ 1
Graph
(i) sin (sin-1 x) = x , - 1 ≤ x ≤ 1
(ii) cos (cos-1 x) = x , - 1 ≤ x ≤ 1
Graph
(iii) tan (tan-1 x) = x , x ∈ R
(iv) cot (cot-1 x) = x , x ∈ R
Graph
(v) cosec (cosec-1 x) = x , |x| ≥ 1
(vi) sec (sec-1 x) = x , |x| ≥ 1
Property - 3

(i) sin-1 (sin x) = x , (ii) cos-1 (cos x) = x, x [0, π]

(iii) tan-1 (tan x) = x , (iv) cot-1 (cot x) = x, x ∈ (0, π)

(v) csc-1 (csc x) = x , (vi) sec-1 (sec x) = x, x ∈ [0, π] - {π/2}

y = sin-1 (sin x)
Examples

Find the value of following

A. sin-1 (sin 1) B. sin-1 (sin 2)

C. sin-1 (sin 3) D. sin-1 (sin 4)

E. sin-1 (sin 5) F. sin-1 (sin 10)

y = cos-1 (cos x)
y = cos-1 (cos x)

Find the value of following

A. cos-1 (cos 1) B. cos-1 (cos 2)

C. cos-1 (cos 3) D. cos-1 (cos 4)

E. cos-1 (cos 5) F. cos-1 (cos 10)

y = tan-1 (tan x)
y = tan-1 (tan x)

Find the value of following

A. tan-1 (tan 1) B. tan-1 (tan 2)

C. tan-1 (tan 3) D. tan-1 (tan 4)

E. tan-1 (tan 5)
y = cot-1 (cot x)
y = sec-1 (sec x)
y = cosec-1 (cosec x)
If sin-1 (sin 9) - cos-1 (cos 15) can be written in the form of
aπ - b, then find the value of a + b (a, b ∈ N)

A. -6

B. 6

C. 31

D. 24
If x = sin-1 (sin 10) and y = cos-1 (cos 10), then y - x is equal to

A. 0

B. 10 [JEE Main 2019]

C. 7π

D. π
cos-1(cos(-5)) + sin-1(sin(6)) - tan -1(tan(12)) is equal to :

A. 3π - 11 [JEE Main
2021]
B. 4π - 9

C. 4π - 11

D. 3π + 1
Property - 4
(i) sin-1 x + cos-1 x = , -1 ≤ x ≤ 1

(ii) tan-1 x + cot-1 x = ,x∈R

(iii) cosec-1 x + sec-1 x = , |x| ≥ 1

If sin-1 + cos-1 =

where 0 ≤ |x| < √3, then number of values ‘x’ is equal to

(IIT 2001)

A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4
If (sin-1 x)2 - (cos-1 x)2 = a ; 0 < x < 1, a ≠ 0, then the value of 2x2 - 1 is :

A.

B. [JEE Main
2021]

C.

D.
If 0 < x < 1, then the value of cos is :

A.

B. [JEE Main
2021]

C.

D.
Property - 5

1. cosec-1 x = sin-1 ; |x| ≥ 1

2. sec-1 x = cos-1 ; |x| ≥ 1

3. sin-1 x = cosec-1 ; |x| ≤ 1, x ≠ 0

4. cos-1 x = sec-1 ; |x| ≤ 1, x ≠ 0

5. cot-1 x = tan-1 ;x>0

= π + tan-1 ;x<0
Property - 6
tan-1 if xy < 1

(i) tan-1 x + tan-1 y = π + tan-1 if x > 0, y > 0 and xy > 1

-π + tan-1 if x < 0, y < 0 and xy > 1

(ii) tan-1x - tan-1y = tan-1 (x > 0 and y > 0)

Trick to Remember
tan-1 if xy < 1

(i) tan-1 x + tan-1 y = π + tan-1 if x > 0, y > 0 and xy > 1

-π + tan-1 if x < 0, y < 0 and xy > 1

(ii) tan-1x - tan-1y = tan-1 (x > 0 and y > 0)

(iii) 2 tan-1(x) = tan-1

(i) tan-11 + tan-12 + tan-13 =

(ii) tan-11 + tan-1 + tan-1 =

The value of tan (2 tan-1 (3/5) + sin-1 (5/13)) is equal to :

A. -181/69 [JEE Main

2021]
B. 220/21

C. -291/76

D. 151/63
cosec [2 cot-1 (5) + cos-1 (4/5) ] is equal to :

A. 75/56

B. 65/56
[JEE Main
C. 56/33 2021]

D. 65/33
A. π/2

B. 5π/4 [JEE Main 2020]

C. 3π/2

D. 7π/4
If α = cos-1 (3/5), β = tan-1 (1/3), where 0 < α, β < π/2 , then α - β is equal
to :

A.
[JEE Main
B. 2019]

C.

D.
Property - 7
sin-1 if x ≥ 0; y ≥ 0 and x2 + y2 ≤ 1

(i) sin-1 x + sin-1 y =

π -sin-1 if x ≥ 0; y ≥ 0 and x2 + y2 > 1

Property - 7
sin-1x - sin-1y = sin-1 , x > 0; y > 0

cos-1x ± cos-1y =cos-1 , x > 0; y > 0 , x < y

If cos-1x - cos-1 (y/2)= α, then 4x2 - 4xy cosα + y2 is equal to

[JEE Main 2019 & IIT 2005]

A. 2sin 2α

B. 4

C. 4sin2α

D. -4sin2α
Let M and m respectively be the maximum and minimum values
of the function f(x) = tan-1(sin x + cos x) in [0, π/2], Then the value
of tan(M - m) is equal to :

[JEE Main
A. 2 + √3 2021]

B. 2 - √3

C. 3 + 2√2

D. 3 - 2√2
If 0 < a, b < 1, and tan-1 a + tan-1 b = π/4 , then the value of

[JEE Main
2021]
A. loge 2

B. loge (e/2)

C. e

D. e2 - 1
[JEE Main 2020]
Transformation
by substitution
Transformation of ITF by substitution
Transformation of ITF by substitution

{
-π - 2θ

sin-1(sin 2θ) = 2θ

π - 2θ
Transformation of ITF by substitution

{
-π - 2θ

sin-1(sin 2θ) = 2θ

π - 2θ
Transformation of ITF by substitution

{
-π - 2tan-1x -∞ < x < -1

= 2tan-1x -1 ≤ x ≤ 1

π - 2tan-1x 1<x≤∞
Transformation of ITF by substitution

{
-π - 2tan-1x x < -1

= 2tan-1x -1 ≤ x ≤ 1

π - 2tan-1x x >1
Visualize in #NVStyle
Visualize in #NVStyle
Visualize in #NVStyle
Visualize in #NVStyle
Graph
Kundli
Transformation of ITF by substitution

{
2tan-1x x≥0

-2tan-1x x<0
Graph and Kundli
Transformation of ITF by substitution

{
π + 2tan-1x x < -1

2tan-1x -1 < x < 1

- π+ 2tan-1x x>1
Graph and Kundli
Consider the functions

If x ∈ (-1, 1), them the solution of equation of f(x) + g(x) + h(x) = π/2

A. √2 - 1

B. 2 - √3

C. 1/2

D. 1/√3
Summation of
Series
Prove that
is equal to

[JEE Main
2021]
If cot-1(α) = cot-12 + cot-18 + cot-118 + cot-132 +.............upto 100 terms, then α
is:

A. 1.01

B. 1

C. 1.02

D. 1.03
If then the value of tan p is :

A. 101/102

B. 50/51
[JEE Main
C. 100 2021]

D. 51/50
The value of tan-1 + tan-1 + tan-1 + tan-1 +.......∞ equals

A. tan-1 1 + tan-1 + tan-1

B. tan-1 1 + cot-1 3

C. cot-1 1 + cot-1 + cot-1

D. cot-1 1 + tan-1 3
The value of cot is

(JEE Adv. 2013 & JEE Main 2019)

A. 23/25

B. 25/23

C. 23/24

D. 24/23
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