Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 9 views

    Lecture 4 Writing Images and Data Classes

    Uploaded by

    Noorullah Shariff
    The document outlines how to write images to disk using MATLAB's imwrite function and describes various image file formats and compression options. It also discusses MATLAB's imfinfo function to obtain metadata about image files and introduces common data classes used in image processing, including double, uint8, and logical arrays. Key points covered include specifying the filename and extension for imwrite, additional parameters for JPEG compression quality, and storing TIFF images with options for compression and resolution.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Lecture 4 Writing Images and Data Classes

    Uploaded by

    Noorullah Shariff
    9 views4 pages
    The document outlines how to write images to disk using MATLAB's imwrite function and describes various image file formats and compression options. It also discusses MATLAB's imfinfo function to obtain metadata about image files and introduces common data classes used in image processing, including double, uint8, and logical arrays. Key points covered include specifying the filename and extension for imwrite, additional parameters for JPEG compression quality, and storing TIFF images with options for compression and resolution.

    Original Description:

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document outlines how to write images to disk using MATLAB's imwrite function and describes various image file formats and compression options. It also discusses MATLAB's imfinfo function to obtain metadata about image files and introduces common data classes used in image processing, including double, uint8, and logical arrays. Key points covered include specifying the filename and extension for imwrite, additional parameters for JPEG compression quality, and storing TIFF images with options for compression and resolution.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    9 views4 pages

    Lecture 4 Writing Images and Data Classes

    Uploaded by

    Noorullah Shariff
    The document outlines how to write images to disk using MATLAB's imwrite function and describes various image file formats and compression options. It also discusses MATLAB's imfinfo function to obtain metadata about image files and introduces common data classes used in image processing, including double, uint8, and logical arrays. Key points covered include specifying the filename and extension for imwrite, additional parameters for JPEG compression quality, and storing TIFF images with options for compression and resolution.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    Dr.

    Qadri Hamarsheh

    Outline of the Lecture


     Writing images
     Data Classes

    Writing images

    • Images are written to disk using function imwrite


    imwrite,
    write syntax:
    imwrite
    imwrite (f , 'filename')
    'filename')
    • Filename must include the extension of the file.
    imwrite
    imwrite (f, 'filename', 'extension')
    Examples:-
    >> imwrite (f, 'patient10_run1.tif ')
    or alternatively
    >> imwrite (f, 'patient10_run1, ‘tif')
    • If filename contains no path information, then imwrite saves the file in the current
    working directory.
     Special cases for imwrite
    imwrite syntax:
    o JPEG images:
    For image with JPEG format, the syntax can have additional parameters:
    imwrite (f, 'filename.j
    'filename.jpg', 'quality',
    'quality', q)
    q: is an integer between 0 and 100 (the lower the number the higher the degradation due to
    jpeg compression).
    Example:
    • To reduce storage and transmission time, it is important that the images be
    compressed as much as possible while not degrading their visual appearance beyond a
    reasonable level (False contouring, for example).
    >> f = imread('football.jpg');
    >> imwrite (f,'football0.jpg','quality',0);
    >> imwrite (f,'football5.jpg','quality',5);
    >> imwrite (f,'football15.jpg','quality',15);
    >> imwrite (f,'football25.jpg','quality',25);
    >> imwrite (f,'football50.jpg','quality',50);
    >> f0 = imread('football0.jpg');
    >> f5 = imread('football5.jpg');
    >> f15 = imread('football15.jpg');
    >> f25 = imread('football25.jpg');
    >> f50 = imread('football50.jpg');
    >> subplot 231; imshow(f);title('Original Image');
    >> subplot 232; imshow(f0); title('Image with q=0');

    1
    Dr. Qadri Hamarsheh
    >> subplot 233; imshow(f5); title('Image with q=5');
    >> subplot 234; imshow(f15); title('Image with q=15');
    >> subplot 235; imshow(f25); title('Image with q=25');
    >> subplot 236; imshow(f50); title('Image with q=50');
     Notes about the program
    Quality value Remark
    q= 5 or q=0 quite visible(not suitable)
    q= 15 false contouring visible
    q= 25 acceptable solution with some error
     Some of the image/ graphics formats supported by imread and imwrite,
    imwrite starting with
    matlab 6.5.
    TIFF, JPEG, GIF, BMP, PNG, XWD
    o GIF is supported by imread,
    imread but not by imwrite
    imwrite.
    write
    imfinfo function:
    • The imfinfo
    imfinfo function returns information about the image file, such as size, width,
    height, the compression achieved and other image file details.
    Syntax:
    imfinfo
    imfinfo filename
    >> imfinfo football25.jpg
    The ouput of the imfinfo function
    Filename: [1x93 char]
    FileModDate: '27-Feb-2012 22:59:15'
    FileSize: 5002
    Format: 'jpg'
    FormatVersion: ''
    Width: 320
    Height: 256
    BitDepth: 24
    ColorType: 'truecolor'
    FormatSignature: ''
    NumberOfSamples: 3
    CodingMethod: 'Huffman'
    CodingProcess: 'Sequential'
    Comment: {}
    • From the output of this command, we remark that:
    File size (in bytes): the number of bytes in the original image is computed (original size):

    File size = (Width * Height


    Height * BitDepth) /8. (1)

    ܎ܑ‫)܍܏܉ܕܑ ܔ܉ܖܑ܏ܑܚܗ( ܍ܢܑܛ ܍ܔ‬


    Compression ratio = (2)
    ܎ܑ‫)ܜܔܝܛ܍ܚ ܗ܎ܖܑ܎ܕܑ ( ܍ܢܑܛ ܍ܔ‬

    2
    Dr. Qadri Hamarsheh
    • The information fields displayed by imfinfo can be captured into a structure variable
    that can be used for computations.
    >> k= imfinfo ('football25.jpg');
    k – Structure name; k- contains fields, that can be accessed by dot operator.
    For example, the image height and width are stored in structure fields k.Heigh and
    k.Wid
    .Width
    idth.
    th
    Example using structure:
    • Compute the compression ratio for football25.jpg:
    >> K= imfinfo ('football25.jpg');
    >> image_size = K.Width * K.Height * K.BitDepth/8;
    >> compression_ratio = image_size/ k.FileSize

    Compression_ratio = 49.1323

    o TIF images with imwrite


     The general imwrit
    imwrite
    write syntax applicable for tif image;
    Syntax:
    imwrite
    imwrite (g,'
    (g,'filename.tif','compression','parameter','resolution',
    filename.tif','compression','parameter','resolution',[colres
    'resolution',[colres rowres])
     Parameter can have one of the following values:
    'none' – no compression.
    'packbits'
    'packbits' – pack bits compression (the default for nonbinary image).
    'ccitt' – ccitt compression (the default for binary image).
    The 1*2 array [colres rowres] rowres] - (two integer), contains the column
    resolution and row resolution in dots-per-unit (the default values are [72 72]).
    For example:- dpi-dots(pixels) per inch.
    colres – dpi in vertical direction, rowers-
    rowers dpi in horizontal direction.
     Specifying the resolution by single scalar, res is equivalent to writing [res res].
    Example:-
    • Suppose an 8-bit x-ray image of a circuit board generated during quality inspection. It
    is in jpg format, at 200 dpi, the image is of size 450*450 pixels, so its dimensions are
    2.25*2.25 inches.
    Question: store the image in tif format, with no compression, under the name sf, in
    addition we want to reduce the size of the image to 1.5*1.5 inches while keeping the pixel
    count at 450 * 450.
    Solution:
    >> imread(f,'xray.jpg);
    >> res = round (200*2.25/1.5);
    >> imwrite(f,'sf.tif','compression','none','resolution',res);
     The values of the vector [colres rowres] were determined by multiplying 200
    dpi by the ratio. 2.25/1.5.
     round function rounds its argument to the nearest integer n.

    3
    Dr. Qadri Hamarsheh
    Data Classes

    • The data classes supported by matlab and IPT for representing pixel values as in the
    following table:-

    Bytes/
    Class
    Type Description Range per
    Name
    element
    double Floating-
    Floating-point numbers (−૚૙૜૙ૡ −૚૙૜૙ૡ ) 8

    uint8 Unsigned 8-
    8-bit integers (0-
    (0-255) 1

    uint16 Unsigned 16-


    16-bit integers (0-65535) 2
    (0-
    uint32 Unsigned 32-
    32-bit integers 4
    4294967295)
    numeric
    int8 Signed 8-
    8-bit integers (-128 -127) 1

    int16 Signed 16-


    16-bit integers (-32768,32767) 2
    (-2147483648-
    2147483648-
    int32 Signed 32-
    32-bit integers 4
    2147483647)
    single Floating point numbers −૚૙૜ૡ −૚૙૜ૡ 4

    Character char Characters, Unicode 2

    Boolean Logical logical 0 or 1 1

    • The frequently data classes that encountered in image processing are double, uint8
    and logical.
    • Logical arrays are created by using function logical or by using relational
    operators.
    operators

    You might also like