Basic Science Process Skills

SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS OBSERVING
Science is more than a

using the five senses to
collection of facts.
gather information about
Learning the process skills is
preparation for becoming a
objects such as their
scientist.
characteristics, properties,
Process skills are the tools
scientists use to “know”
know”
similarities and differences
about the world.
Observing Measuring
Classifying
Click on the pictures.
Inferring
Communicating Predicting
WHAT DO YOU SEE? WHAT DO YOU SMELL?

Sample observations using sight: Sample observations using smell:
The creature has 5 eyes. The fruit smells sweet.
The baby is walking. The coffee smells strong.
The car is orange. The flowers are fragrant.
WHAT DO YOU FEEL? WHAT DO YOU HEAR?

Click the pictures to hear sounds:
Sample observations using touch:
The girl is laughing.

The scissors are sharp.
The audience is clapping.

The cat is soft.
Someone flushed the toilet.

The soap is slippery.
WHAT DO YOU TASTE?
MEASUREMENT
The watermelon is sweet. comparing an unknown
amount with a known unit to
The chili is spicy. determine the length, weight,
temperature, quantity, or
The milk is sour. capacity of an object or event
MEASUREMENT MEASUREMENT TOOLS

Click each graphic to find out more.
…..using both standard and
nonstandard units of measure or Length – linear measurement
estimates to describe the base unit : meter
dimensions of an object or event Volume – capacity
base unit : liter
…..comparing an unknown
Weight – mass
quantity with a known quantity
base unit : gram
……measurements are to be Temperature – hot/cold
recorded in an orderly and base unit : Celsius
systemic fashion with labeled
units of measure. After linking to the Web, click the
back button or close the browser.
Communicating CLASSIFICATION
• Using written or spoken words, grouping or ordering objects or
graphs, tables, diagrams, models, events into categories based on
and video recordings to share similarities, differences and
information and ideas with interrelationships.
others
Example:
• Observations and experiments should be Place all leaves having a certain vein pattern
into a one group.
able to be duplicated so clear
Classify 10 playing cards into different groups.
communication is important
INFERENCE INFERENCE EXAMPLES
Explaining, making ….saying a person who used the
pencil made a lot of mistakes
interpretations, or drawing because the eraser was well worn.
conclusions about a specific
event based on
….saying that a train is coming
observations and data because the cross gate is down.
Examples of inference
Your turn to try
MAKING INFERENCES ANSWER: B

Read the paragraph then answer the questions.
What are the clues?
Tommy and Johnny were hot and sweaty as they
sat outside the principal’s office. Dirt smeared We know the boys are mad at each other because
Tommy sneered at Johnny and he returned an angry
both of their faces. They could hear the teacher’s Click to glare.
voice as she gave Mr. Jones her account of what hear the
paragraph. We can guess they had been fighting because dirt
happened. Tommy sneered at Johnny and Johnny smeared their faces and they were sitting outside
returned an angry glare. As Miss Green left Mr. the principal’s office.
Jones’ office, the boys hung their heads so they
wouldn’t have to look her in the eye. The BIGGEST CLUE is the last sentence: the boys
hung their heads so they didn’t have to look her in
the eye.
From the paragraph, you can INFER that……
a. The boys are best friends. Tommy and Johnny had
b. The boys had disappointed their teacher.
c. The principal was a nice man. disappointed their teacher.
ANSWER
PREDICTING WHO USES PREDICTIONS?

forming an idea of an expected
result—not a guess– but a belief Meteorologist –uses weather trends of the
past to predict today’s weather.
of what will occur based on
present knowledge, observations, Financial advisor – predicts which
investments will be profitable.
and inferences
Example: Predicting the height of a plant in Doctors – make predictions of a
two weeks time based on a graph of its patient’s future well being/health.
growth during the previous four weeks.
Activity
Real World Connection
ACTIVITY
What will a Magnet Attract?
Source:
Predict which objects you think the magnet will attract.
Author Becky Sons. Retrieved from the Internet,
August 2009.
mrsmaineswiki.wikispaces.com/file/view/scienceprocessskills.ppt.
Adapted by Mrs. Baker, August 2010.

Test your predictions with a magnet.

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SCIENCE PROCESS SKILLS OBSERVING

Science is more than a

WHAT DO YOU SEE? WHAT DO YOU SMELL?

The creature has 5 eyes. The fruit smells sweet.

The baby is walking. The coffee smells strong.

The car is orange. The flowers are fragrant.

WHAT DO YOU FEEL? WHAT DO YOU HEAR?

The girl is laughing.

The audience is clapping.

Someone flushed the toilet.

MEASUREMENT MEASUREMENT TOOLS

MAKING INFERENCES ANSWER: B

PREDICTING WHO USES PREDICTIONS?

Adapted by Mrs. Baker, August 2010.

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