AUTOMATED PARKING SYSTEM

Vaishali Gaikwad (Mohite)

Department of Information Technology,
K.J. Somaiya Institute of Engineering and Information Technology,
University of Mumbai, India.
[email protected]

Amanpreet Singh Mankoo Prashant Mishra

Department of Information Technology, Department of Information Technology,
K.J. Somaiya Institute of Engineering and Information K.J. Somaiya Institute of Engineering and Information
Technology, Technology,
University of Mumbai, India. University of Mumbai, India.
[email protected] [email protected]

Abstract—Today with the growing number of vehicles intervention to a minimum. Our proposed system
in the metropolitan cities, there is high demand for a presents an Autonomous car parking that regulates the
smart parking management system. When people reach number of cars that can be parked in a given space at
their destination, searching for a parking slot to park any given time based on the parking space availability.
their vehicle itself creates lots of traffic congestion in the When a car arrives at the entrance, it will be stopped
parking lot/roads taking their precious time. Hence there
is a need for a smart parking management system
at the main gate and the driver de-boards the car. Using
assisting the users with the information about the the Android application on his Android device, the
availability of parking slots at the entrance of the places user commands the Parking Control Unit to check the
like malls, organizations etc. they visit for avoiding Status of available Parking slots, through an SMS. On
congestion, irritation and tension. The proposed solution receiving this command, a search for free slot is
system in this paper tries to resolve this by detecting the carried out and corresponding information is provided
available slots for parking in the parking area using IoT to the user, by means of SMS. If the availability of
technologies and displaying the same on a Parking space is confirmed, the user commands the car
webpage/display for user’s kind reference. This system to get parked to the designated slot. The car traces its
also provisions the users to book the free parking slot
soon after entering the parking area thus solves the
path to the entrance of the parking area. Here, it waits
internal congestion inside the parking lot, saves their and the details required for parking of car at the proper
valuable time and relieves people from tension. slot are communicated to the Car Control Unit. On
Keyword- automated parking system (APS), parking lot, receiving the information, the car will further trace its
parking booking, internet-of-thing (IoT), image processing, path to free parking spot. On successful parking, the
yolo data on the LCD will be updated automatically. For
retrieval purpose, the user commands “Un-park”,
I. INTRODUCTION through the Android Application. On reception of this
SMS, the car begins to trace back the path to the
Variety of occasions turn up when we visit various entrance, where the car driver is waiting. Thus, this
public places like Shopping malls, 5-star and 7-star system proves to be useful for the purpose of the car
hotels, multiplex cinema halls, etc. The difficulty we parking automation and thereby helps reduce the car
encounter at these places is finding the availability of driver’s time, as the searching of the free parking space
parking space. Most of the times we need to traverse is handled by the Parking Control Unit. There is a lot
through multiple parking slots to find a free space for of fuel and time wasted by countless commuters to
parking. The problem becomes more tedious if the find for a place for parking. This became our main
parking is multi-stored. Thus, the problem is time- motivation to develop a system were commuters can
consuming. This situation calls for the need for an get parking information on finger tips, because time
automated parking system that not only regulates saved is time earned.
parking in a given area but also keeps the manual
II. LITERATURE SURVEY

Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3274917

“Intelligent parking space detection system based on performance. Moreover, the efficient parking
image processing”[1].Author:R.Yusnita Fariza algorithm can reduce the required parking space.
Norbaya,Norazwinawat
Bashruddin..Various methods are prevalent for “Automatic parking management system and parking
development of autonomous or intelligent parking fee collection based on number plate
systems. Study of these systems shows that these recognition.”[5].Author: M.M. Rashid A.MusaM.Ata
require a little or more human intervention for the Rehman N.FarhanaA.Farha.License plate recognition
functioning. One of the intelligent systems for car applies image processing and character recognition
parking we have thought is by making use of Image technology to identify vehicles by automatically
processing .The issue arising here is that the person is reading the license plates. Optical Character
still required to travel the particular location in search Recognition (OCR) algorithm is used to recognize the
of how many slots are available on the particular area character with condition, the background of the image
to compute whether the person can park the car or not has no or very little noise .The aim of the system is to
and displaying the particular number of slots on the recognize the license plate number of car of the
LCD may not be feasible and practical at all the places. parking place by algorithmic and introduce magnetic
card less parking and billing activities.
`Automated car parking system commanded by
Android application”[2].Author: D. J. Bonde, R. S. “Smart parking system with image processing
Shende, K. S. Gaikwad, A. S. Kedari, and A. U. facility”[6].Author:M.O. Reze M.F. Ismail A.A.
Bhokre Implementation of automated parking system Rokoni M.A.R. Sarkar..A vision based car parking
using the IoT and android application.A camera takes system is developed which uses two types of images
the instance of the overall parking slot to get the (positive and negative) to detect free parking slot. In
immediate status of the parking slot.The following slot this method, the object classifier detects the required
is controlled by the parking control unit(PCU). The object within the input. Positive images contain the
allocated slot and the empty spaces for the slots are images of cars from various angles.Negative images
easily calculated and updated on the 7-segment do not contain any cars in them. The co-ordinates of
display.An android application is used to get the phone parking lots specified are used as input to detect the
number and gets the status of the car and response as presence of cars in the region. However, limitations
follows may occur with this system with respect to the type of
camera used.
IoT based smart parking system Link:
:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7562735/.The Links:https://arxiv.org/pdf/1506.02640v5.pdf[7].In
proposed Smart Parking system consists of an on-site the particular paper review, we found out that the
deployment of an IoT module that is used to monitor dimension of a real-time object can be easily identified
and signalize the state of availability of each single to check out the cars passing by . Another pattern
parking space. A mobile application is also provided struck was we can also get unique identification of an
that allows an end user to check the availability of individual by reading their number plates
parking space and book a parking slot accordingly.
The paper also describes a high-level view of the Intelligent Parking System using Android
system architecture. Towards the end, the paper Application[8]Author: J. Anitha1, Y. Thoyajakshi2,
discusses the working of the system in form of a use A. Ramya3,V. Sravani4, Prashant Kumar.Number
case that proves the correctness of the proposed model. Plate Recognition technique for developing
autonomous car parking system uses image processing
"Parking easier by using context information of a basis to process the number plates of the vehicles. In
smart city: Enabling fast search and management of this system, the image of the license number plate of
parking resources"[4]. Author:J. Rico, J. Sancho, B. the vehicle is acquired. It is further segmented to
Cendon, M. Camus.Currently, the parking system is obtain individual characters in the number plate. Then
classified into parking assistance system and the images of number plate are taken and analysed.
automatic parking system. The automatic parking Simultaneously, the current timing is noted so as to
system is the modified or improved technology of calculate the parking fees.However some limitations
parking assistance system. The parking assistance with the system include background colour being
system has developed in some automobile compulsorily black and character colour white. Also,
manufacturers. The vehicle parking system is lack of analysis is limited to number plates with just one row.
an efficient parking algorithm to improve the parking

Electronic copy available at: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3274917

 III. METHODOLY

Parking Automation is a Raspberry Pi parking system

which we created after thoroughly going through the
Raspberry Pi and issues encountered while parking
vehicles.This application will be useful for the people
who gets their time wasted on locating a perfect
parking location.This will also avoid confusion of cars
while searching for a parking location.This automated
parking system will be handled easily from an
application avoiding any complexity formed while
parking with nice GUI and payment transactions

Automated or Smart Parking System is a system

designed which assures the most efficient way of
parking. In this parking system, various services are
provided to drivers and everything is just on a
fingertips. The parking system is purely based on
Internet of Things. The system or technology works on
simple approach of pre-booking and providing geo-
location of parking hubs on the user display. The
intelligent parking system finds the best available
parking, minimizing the cost. The parking can be done
with the help of an android application. User has to
install the android application/IOS application/Web
Application on his/her smart phone devices, which
would have the facility to pre-book the parking slot. In
that case the administrator’s work will reduce. Fig 1. Flow chart of Automated Parking System

Basic Block Diagram

We all know that Raspberry Pi is a wonderful

Development platform based on ARM
microprocessor. All this can be possible only if we
know how to make it interact with the real world and
analyse the data through some output device. There are
many sensors which can detect certain parameters
from the real time world and transfer it to a digital
world and we analyse them viewing them either in a
LCD screen or some other display.
As seen from Fig[1], the work flow of our proposed Fig2.Camera Module
automated parking system is described. The start
phase of the methodology is from login and At hardware side:
verification through the website. Similarly a Raspberry Pi can be used with a camera
The flowchart shown in Fig[1] describe every aspect module as shown in Fig[2] whose real-time capture of
of the proposed system including Raspberry pi the real-time frames can be used for image processing
integration with the User Interface i.e. website. for the particular user which can be further processed
.
For locating the car in the image and no other garbage
stuff, the real-time object detection technique we are For achieving the task of getting a clear image a
using is YOLO object. We can use number of frames camera module as shown in the Fig[2] is used which
at the instant to get the vehicle image.The YOLO is used for detecting the cars
library is used for number plate recognition and the The parking status of the area will also be captured by
vehicle number from it. using a camera module as shown in Fig1 for getting

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the number of parking slots available in the area. In Fig[3] the camera module detects normal image
Distance between the cars can be obtained from the without object recognition but here we will use YOLO
YOLO object and can be determined whether a car can image detection algorithm and as it can be seen from
be parked or not and will be updated to the database as Fig[4] the YOLO image detection technique detect
well. object and in our project we use YOLO image
detection as shown in Fig[4] for car detection and
At user end: vehicle authentication .
Users using the application can easily get access to
Different distance measurement algorithms will be
slots which is nearest to him/her. If, in case the user is
used to calculate the nearest parking slot available and
unable to get the parking slot of his/her desired
a Google map view of the following will be provided
location he will be getting a parking slot nearest to his
into the application for the user to easily interpret the
current location available.
location if it is feasible for him/her or not. Ultimately,
For such flexibility, we have asked for the permission number of nearest choices will be given to the user to
while installing the application to get the current decide which one to approach.
location and the app will show him the destination
Payment transaction will also be introduced using API
parking slot available to park.
integrations of payment applications and also Google
After getting the park slot to the desired location, the APIs will be used as required.
car has to wait for at most 1 minute for the camera
An webapps, an android application and iOS will be
module as shown in Fig1 to get an instance of the
prepared for the same for the user’s feasibility and
number plate to uniquely identify the user for every
hence one can access the advantages of the automated
car for legitimate parking actions. Many other security
parking efficiently.
assurances are made for every legitimate car owned by
legitimate users.
After validation of the user a Session will be started
which will be used for the amount of time the user has
booked for the parking and the slot will not be freed
until the Session gets aborted by the user itself.
This is approached by again waiting at the end for the
user to match all the booked cars and the matched car’s
session will be made over.
For integrating the payment part, the user ‘x’ payment
will be deducted online by API integration of
PayPal,etc.
The parking system is integrated with website for
booking service to provide reservation for parking.

Fig4 -YOLO image

From Fig[5] it can be seen how using YOLO Image

Detection Technique to detect real time object
detection with which there will be instant update in the
firebase i.e. Database to be updated in user end. The
concept shown in Fig4 is been used in our Parking
Automation Technique

In the previous section we discussed about the

architecture and technical stack related to the smart
parking system. In this section we talk about the
implimtation and working of the system in a real world
Fig 3- Normal Image

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scenario. The complete process of booking a parking
slot, parking a car in that slot and

Fig 5- Real Time Object Detection Fig 6. Picture of the license plate

In Fig.6, this is the monitored format of the licensed

IV. IMPLEMENTATION
plate. On detection the number is saved on the
We conducted an experiment in order to website
depict the working of our system at every stage from
checking the availability of parking space to actually
park a car in a vacant parking slot. This is done by
implementing the automated parking system in the
parking area of a shopping mall. Below are the steps
that a driver needs to follow in order to park its car
using our parking system.

Step1: Visit
http://amanpreets879.000webhostapp.com and
complete registration and login process.
Step 2: With the help of the website search for a
parking area on and around your destination.
Step 3: Select a particular parking area.
Step 4: Select the amount of time (in hours) for which
you would like to park your car for. Fig 7 – Image processing of the number plate
Step 5: Pay the parking charges either with your wallet
In Fig.7, for processing, one can use this structure for
or your credit card.
verification and authentication of one’s vehicle.
Step 6: Once you have successfully parked your car in
the selected parking slot, confirm your occupancy
using the mobile application.

The above-mentioned procedure for booking a slot and

parking a car in that very slot is explained with the help
of the following screenshots.

The following project on the automated parking

system is made by using two components i.e. a website
and image processing using raspberry Pi
The camera module will be inserted on the parking slot
and the following image of the license plate is detected
automatically using YOLO Object which is Real Time
Detection. Fig 8 – License Plate
In Fig.8,this is the sample of the number plate and any
other camera plate can be used. Other pictures using
camera module can be used to take the picture which

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is recognizd further for saving in database for
verification of the person using the parking slot [5] Hamada R.H. Al-Absi Patrick Sebastian Justin
Dinesh Daniel Devaraj Yap VooiVoon. “Vision-based
automated parking system.”10th International
Conference on Information Science,Signal Processing
and their Applications (ISSPA 2010), pages 757-
760,2010.

Fig 9. Online entry of number plate [6] M.M. Rashid A.MusaM.Ataur Rehman
N.FarhanaA.Farhana.“Automatic parking
In Fig.9 , the license number of the plate is stored in management system and parking fee collection based
online database for further verification.. Further the on number plate recognition.” International Journal of
website manipulation can be done for using the slot Machine Learning and Computing, 2:93-98, 2012.
according to the session provided and the person can
enjoy the ride since the payment will be automatically [7] M.O. Reze M.F. Ismail A.A. Rokoni M.A.R.
deducted Sarkar. “Smart parking system with image processing
facility”. I.J. Intelligent Systems and Applications,
V. CONCLUSION 3:41-47, 2012.

Using the above procedure to build such [8] Intelligent Parking System using Android
sophisticated model will be helpful to both mankind Application J. Anitha1, Y. Thoyajakshi2, A.
and industrialization. Problems introduced due to Ramya3,V. Sravani4, Prashant Kumar ,Department of
traffics, large number of vehicles and increasing rate Information Technology,Vignan’s Institute of
of vehicle usage is harmful for the environment and Information and Technology (VIIT), Visakhapatnam.
can be overcome using the proposed model.
It is cost-efficient and is user-friendly and [9] S. K. Dash, S. Mohapatra, P. K. Pattnaik, "A
can be managed from anywhere and anytime from the survey on applications of wireless sensor network
location. Such implementation on the global scale can using cloud computing", International Journal of
decrease the congestion and increase the efficiency of Computer science & Engineering Technologies (E-
the environment usage. ISSN: 2044-6004), vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 50-55, 2010.

[10] P. Parwekar, "From Internet of Things towards

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