HEALTH CONSEQUNCES OF CAFFEINE

Compiled by :

1. Wening Davinna Azhara

2. Ayu Cahya Ningrum

3. Shella Putri Ramadhani

4. Tyo Aditya Nugraha

CLINIC AND COMMUNITY PHARMACY

HEALTH VOCACIONAL SCHOOL ADITAPA MADIUN

IN THE SCHOOLING YEAR 2023/2024

 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

A. Background of knowledge

Everyone must have or even often consume caffein, either in food or

drink. But do you know the impact of caffein on the health of our bodies?

Consuming too much caffeine can cause feelings of anxiety and worry. If you

consume more, you might become irritated quickly, sleep less, feel anxious

for no reason, and cause diarrhea. To know more about the dangers of

consuming too much caffeine, here's the explanation.

Caffein is a natural substance found in tea, coffee and cocoa plants.

Once consumed, caffein will be absorbed into the bloodstream and taken to

the liver to be broken down into compounds that can affect the function of

various organs.

B. Problem of statements

1. What are the effects of caffein?

2. What are benefits of caffein?

3. What is the safe limit for consuming caffeine?

C. Purpose of the study

1. To know the impact of caffeine on health

2. To know the health benefits of caffeine

3. To know the safe limit for caffeine consumption

 CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

A. Definition Caffeine

Caffeine is a psychoactive substance that can be found in many

sources, such as: coffee, tea, soda and chocolate. Indonesia is known as the

largest coffee producing country 4th in the world with a production level of

350,000 tonnes valued at USD 367 million. Consumption of coffee as a

source of caffeine increased by 98% in the last 10 years in Indonesia.

Lifestyle influence and increasingly the rise of cafes and coffee shops

contributed to the increase in number coffee consumers.

Caffeine is a natural substance found in tea, coffee and cocoa plants.

Once consumed, caffeine will be absorbed into the bloodstream and taken to

the liver to be broken down into compounds that can affect the function of

various organs. However, to get the various benefits of caffeine, you also

have to know the appropriate dosage. In excess, caffeine can actually be

harmful to your health.

B. Caffeinated Drinks

1. Coffee

One cup of black coffee contains at least 95 mg of caffeine.

Meanwhile, in one cup of instant coffee, there are 30-90 mg of caffeine.

Different types of coffee drinks, the amount of caffeine contained in them

is also different.
2. Chocolate

In one large cup of hot chocolate which is about 450 ml, there are at

least 25 mg of caffeine. However, just like coffee, different types of

chocolate drinks, different amounts of caffeine contained in them. Besides

drinking, chocolate is also found in the form of snacks.

Of the various types of chocolate, dark chocolate is more

recommended because it does not contain a lot of sugar. Even so, pregnant

women who have difficulty controlling blood sugar, suffer from

gestational diabetes, or are overweight are not advised to eat chocolate that

contains sugar.

3. Tea

Did pregnant women know that tea also contains caffeine? The

caffeine content in tea depends on the type of tea. In 200 ml of black tea

(one small cup), contains 25–48 mg of caffeine. Meanwhile, one cup of

green tea contains about 25-29 mg of caffeine.

4. Soft drinks

Soft drinks also contain caffeine. In 350 ml of carbonated drinks,

there are an average of about 70 mg of caffeine. This type of drink should

be avoided by pregnant women because apart from containing caffeine,

soft drinks are also high in sugar and calories. Consuming soft drinks too
 often or too much can cause pregnant women and their fetuses to be

overweight.

5. Energy drinks

Energy drinks are not recommended for consumption by pregnant

women. This drink has a very high caffeine and sugar content. In addition,

some energy drinks also contain sodium and ginseng.

 CHAPTER III
DISCUSSION

A. Impact of Caffeine on Health

1. Increase Stomach Acid

The first danger of drinking excessive coffee is stomach acid.

Caffeine in coffee can increase the amount of stomach acid, which causes

irritation of the digestive tract, which causes stomach pain and diarrhea

which increases the risk of GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease),

which means an increase in stomach acid in the esophagus, causing

burning and burning in the chest and throat

2. The heart beats faster

After drinking an extra cup of coffee, large amounts of caffeine can

cause unwanted heart palpitations in some people. The caffeine in coffee

can stimulate the release of the hormone adrenaline which can cause blood

pressure to increase (hypertension) and the heart to beat faster. This forces

the heart to work harder to pump blood around the body, which weakens

the heart over time.

3. Insomnia

Coffee is often used to relieve drowsiness and increase

concentration. Caffeine in coffee can stimulate the nerves and brain, make

a person unable to sleep, cause sleep disturbances at night (insomnia), feel

excessively refreshed, which over time can shorten sleep time and prevent
 the body from falling asleep properly. This can cause sleep disturbances

such as insomnia.

4. Problems in pregnancy

According to research, women who consume 200 milligrams or

more of caffeine per day are twice as likely to have a miscarriage as those

who do not consume caffeine.

5. Causes Porous Bones

Large amounts of caffeine can interfere with calcium absorption and

metabolism. This can contribute to thinning of the bones (osteoporosis). If

you consume too much, caffeine can also cause your muscles to twitch. If

you are experiencing caffeine withdrawal, symptoms may include achy

muscles

6. Experiencing anxiety disorders

Caffeine is known for its ability to increase alertness by blocking the

effects of adenosine, a brain chemical that causes fatigue in the body.

However, large amounts of caffeine can make you jittery. The jitters and

anxiety caused by drinking too much coffee is called caffeineism

7. Fertility disorders occur

Excessive coffee consumption can have harmful effects on the

female reproductive organs. There are several reproductive health

problems such as fallopian tubes and endometriosis caused by excessive

coffee consumption. Endometriosis is a disease characterized by the

growth of tissue on the inner surface of the uterine wall outside the uterine
 cavity. This condition can affect a woman's fertility. A study found that

women who drink more than 1 cup of coffee a day have a lower chance of

getting pregnant than women who only drink 1 cup of coffee a day or not

at all.

8. Causes dental problems

Consuming coffee every day also causes dental problems, namely

the teeth become yellow. The tannins in coffee stick to the teeth and

gradually change the color of the teeth. So it's clear that coffee drinkers

tend to have more yellow or cloudy teeth than those who rarely drink

coffee. Apart from tannins, coffee also contains acids which can soften

tooth enamel, making it easier for stains and dirt to stick to teeth and

blacken teeth.

B. Health Benefits of Caffeine

1. Increases focus and alertness

Caffeine is a natural stimulant that can increase focus and self-

awareness. Thanks to the benefits of caffeine, you can feel more energized

and excited at work.

2. Reducing the risk of heart attack

By consuming caffeine from coffee, tea, and cocoa, you can get

various kinds of antioxidants, one of which is chlorogenic acid. These

compounds can reduce the risk of having a heart attack, including other

related diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes.

 To get the benefits of this caffeine. consume caffeinated beverages in

moderation. The reason is, excessive caffeine can increase blood pressure.

Also avoid adding too much sugar or creamer to prevent an increase in

blood sugar.

3. Lose weight

Research reveals that caffeine can increase the burning of calories

and fat. This in turn can reduce excess body weight and body fat levels,

saving you from many health risks.

4. Improve sports performance

Consuming caffeinated drinks about 1 hour before exercise can

increase a person's muscle strength, stamina, and endurance while

exercising. The benefits of caffeine are obtained because caffeine can

maximize the use of fat as an energy source.

5. Benefits of caffeine in reducing hair loss.

Caffeine applied to the scalp is thought to stimulate blood circulation

and block enzymes associated with hair loss. That way, hair loss will be

reduced and overall hair health can improve.

6. Relieves constipation

When experiencing constipation, try consuming caffeinated drinks as

a way to overcome it. The reason is, caffeine can increase muscle

contractions in the large intestine so that bowel movements (BAB) become

smooth. Research reveals that the desire to defecate will be immediately

felt within 4 minutes after drinking coffee.

 7. Prevent senility

Regularly consuming caffeinated drinks is one way to maintain

short-term and long-term memory. In fact, caffeine can also prevent the

occurrence of Alzheimer's disease and dementia which are often associated

with senility.

However, further research is still needed regarding the benefits of

caffeine in preventing senility. The reason is, it is not known for certain

whether caffeine actually improves memory or only increases focus and

attention.

8. Prevent cancer

Caffeine has antioxidant properties that can protect you from damage

to body cells which can lead to various chronic diseases, including cancer.

As a source of caffeine, coffee consumption is associated with a reduced

risk of cancer, such as prostate cancer, endometrial cancer, skin cancer, and

liver cancer. The benefits of caffeine also come from other compounds in

coffee that are antioxidants, such as flavonoids and polyphenols

C. Safe Limit for Caffeine Consumption

If you rely on coffee to feel refreshed in the morning, you're not

alone. Coffee contains caffeine which can make you energized and focused

after drinking a cup of coffee. The Mayo Clinic confirms that the safe limit

for caffeine consumption for most adults is 400 milligrams (mg). This
amount of caffeine is roughly equivalent to 4 cups of coffee or 2 glasses of

energy drink.

Even so, there are also studies that say that drinking 4 cups of coffee

per day is excessive. According to a study in the journal Mayo Clinic

Proceedings, people who drink more than 4 cups of coffee daily have a 56

percent increased risk of death. Consumption of caffeinated drinks can also

be bad for children, pregnant women and nursing mothers. They should

limit their caffeine intake to no more than 200 milligrams per day

(equivalent to 2 cups of coffee). Even in adults, drinking coffee can cause

unpleasant effects. Therefore, you should limit your coffee intake so that it

does not exceed 2-3 cups per day.

 CHAPTER IV
CONCLUSION

Caffeine has many benefits for our body if it is consumed according to

the rules and not excessively, but on the other hand if we consume too much

caffeine it will have a negative impact on our health and body. consume

caffeine should be 200 milligrams per day or the equivalent of 2-3cups per

day.

When we use caffeine, we should pay attention to the dosage so that it

can have a good impact on our body. Most caffeine has a dangers impact on

us, therefore it is best to reduce caffeine cansumtion.