 Died on January 5, 1898

 Rizal called him “A MODEL OF

FATHERS”

2. DONA TEODORA ALONZO REALONDA

(1826-1911)
PRELIMINARY  born in Manila on November 8, 1926;
studied in College of Sta. Rosa
CHAPTER I: ADVENT OF  Possessed refine culture, literary
talented, business ability and fortitude,
NATIONAL HERO spoke Spanish, mathematician, read
many books
 Died in Manila on August 16, 1911
DR. JOSE RIZAL
 Example of a many splendored hero THE RIZAL CHILDREN
 Ranked with the words geniuses, physician, 11 children; 2 boys and 9 girls
poet, dramatist, essayist, novelist, historian,
architect, painter, sculptor, educator, 1. Saturnina (1850-1913) – nickname
linguist, musician, naturalist, ethnologist, Neneng; married to Manuel T. Hidalgo of
surveyor, engineer, farmer, businessman, Tanawan, Batangas.
economist, folklorist, philosopher, 2. Paciano (1851-1930) – confidant of Rizal;
translator, inventor, magician, humorist, become combat general of Philippine
satirist, sportsman, traveler, and prophet a Revolution; Retired to his farm in Los
HERO and a POLOTICAL MARTYR who Banos; Died on April 13, 1930, an old
sacrificed his life for the REDEMPTION OF bachelor; Had a boy and a girl by his
HIS PEOPLE. mistress Severina Decena
3. Narcisa (1852-1939) – married to Antonio
THE BIRTH OF NATIONAL HERO Lopez (nephew of Father Leoncio Lopez),
 Born on the moonlit night of Wednesday a school teacher of Morong
between 11:00 and midnight of June 19, 4. Olimpia (1855-1887) Ypia; she married
1861 in Calamba, Laguna Silvestre Ubaldo, a telegraph operator from
 Baptized in June 22 by Fr. Rufino Manila
Collantes, a Batangueno 5. Lucia (1857-1919) – married to Mariano
 His Godfather was Fr. Pedro Casanas Herbosa of Calamba, who was a nephew
of Father Casanas; Herbosa died of
RIZAL’s PARENTS cholera in 1889 and was denied Christian
burial because he was a brother-in-law of
1. FRANCISCO MERCADO RIZAL (1818-
Dr. Rizal.
1898)
6. Maria (1859-1945) – Biang; she married
 born in Binan, Laguna on May 11,
Daniel Faustino Cruz of Binan
1818
7. Jose (1861-1896) Greatest Filipino Hero
 Studied Latin & philosophy in College
and peerless genius nicknamed PEPE
of San Jose
8. Concepcion (1862-1865) – nickname
 After his parent’s death, he moved to
Concha;died at the age of three (3)
Calamba and became tenant-farmer
9. Josefa (1865-1945) - Panggoy; she died
of the Dominican-owned hacienda
an old maid at 80
 Hardy and independent minded,
10. Trinidad (1868-1951) – Trining; died an
talked less and worked more, strong
old maid at age 83
in body and spirit
11. Soledad (1870-1929) – Choleng; married  A Spanish word which means a FIELD
to Pataleon Quintero of Calamba where wheat, cut while still green, sprouts
again.
Rizal immortalized Paciano in his Noli Me
Tangere as the wise Pilosopo Tasio; Regarded THE RIZAL HOME
Paciano as the “Most noble of Filipinos and  Two-storey stone house, rectangular in
more generous and noble than all the Spaniards shape, built of adobe stones and hard
put together” woods and roofed with red tiles;
 Dr. Rafael Palma described it as follows:
RIZAL’s ANCESTRY  The house was high and even sumptuous,
DOMINGO LAMEO - Rizal’s great-great a solid and massive earthquake proof
grandparent on his father side; Chinese structure with sliding shell windows. Thick
immigrant from Fukien City of CHANGCHOW walls of lime and stone bounded the first
arrived in Manila about 1690. Became Christian floor; the second floor was made entirely of
and married a rich Chinese Christian girl from wood except for the roof, which was of red
Manila named INES DELA ROSA and assumed tile, in the style of the buildings in Manila at
in 1731, the surname MERCADO - (market in that time… At the back there was an
English); They have a son named FRANCISCO azotea and a wide, deep cistern to hold
MERCADO who married Chinese Filipinas rain water for home use.
CIRILA BERNACHA and was elected  Behind the house were the poultry yard full
GOBERNADORCILLO. One of their sons JUAN of turkeys and chickens and a big garden
MERCADO (Rizal’s grandfather) married of tropical trees – atis, balimbing, chico,
CIRILA ALEJANDRO, Chinese Filipina mestiza, macopa, papaya, santol, tampoy, etc.
elected also as GOBERNADOCILLO; had 13
children youngest being FRANCISCO
A GOOD MIDDLE CLASS FAMILY
MERCADO, Rizal’s father.
 Rizal family belong to the PRINCIPALIA, a
town aristocracy in Spanish Philippines
DONA TEODORA’S great grand father (Rizal’s
 Rented farm from Dominican Order;
maternal great-great-grandfather) was
harvested rice, corn and sugar cane;
EUGENIO URSULA (of Japanese ancestry)
raised pigs, chickens and turkeys
married a Filipina BENIGNA (surname unknown)
 Dona Teodora managed general good
their daughter REGINA married MANUEL de
store and operated a small flour-mill and
QUINTOS Fil-Chinese lawyer from Pangasinan.
home-made ham press.
Their daughter BRIGIDA married LORENZO
 Able to build a large stone house; owned a
ALBERTO ALONSO a prominent Spanish-Fil of
carriage and a private library
Binan. Their children were Narcisa, Teodora
 Able to send all their children to colleges in
(Rizal’s mother), Gregorio, Manuel and Jose.
Manila

SURNAME RIZAL HOME LIFE OF THE RIZAL

MERCADO
 Simple, contended and happy life
 was adopted in 1731 by DOMINGO
 Close family ties; children were loved but
LAMCO (the paternal great-great
not spoiled
grandfather of Rizal)
 Strict parents, believe in the maxim “spare
the rod and spoiled the child”; children
RIZAL
were trained to love God, behave well, to
 was given by Spanish Alcalde Mayor of
be obedient and respectful
Laguna
 Religious; attend Sunday mass, pray
 a family friend.
together at home the Angelus and rosary.
 DEVOTED SON OF THE CHURCH
 Grew up a good Catholic
 At age 3, he began to take part in family
prayers and at age 5 he began to read
haltingly Spanish family bible.
 Went to church, pray and take part in
PRELIMINARY novenas and join religious processions
 Rizal used to visit esteemed and respected
CHAPTER II: CHILDHOOD Father Leoncio Lopez, Calamba priest and
listen to the latter’s stimulating opinions on
YEARS IN CALAMBA current events and sound philosophy of life.

PILGRIMAGE TO ANTIPOLO
CALAMBA, the HERO’s Town-  On June 6, 1868 – Rizal and his father left
 Hacienda town which belong to the Calamba for Antipolo to fulfill his mother’s
DOMINICAN ORDER vow which was made when Jose was born
 Nestling on a verdant plain covered with  Describing the experience of crossing
rice fields/sugar-lands Laguna de Bay in a casco he said “ With
 To the south looms the legendary Mount what pleasure I saw the sunrise; for the
Makiling first time I saw how the luminous rays
 East of the town is the Laguna de Bay; In shone, producing a brilliant effect on the
the middle of the lake is the island of Talim raffled surface of the wide lake”
 At the north is the distant Antipolo, famous  On their way back they visited Saturnina in
mountain shrine of the miraculous Lady of Manila who was then a boarding student at
Peace and Good Voyage. La Concordia College in Sta. Ana.
 UN RECUERDO A MI PUEBLO (1876) –
Wrote this poem when he was only 15 yrs
THE STORY OF THE MOTH
old/student at Ateneo de Manila
 The young moth did not heed the repeated
warning of the old moth not to get so close
EARLIEST CHILDHOOD MEMORIES to the light which to the young moth was so
 Aya (nursemaid) employed to care for the beautiful and attractive, and so the young
frail, sickly and undersized Rizal moth met its death by burning itself by
 At the aged of three (3) he watched from reason of curiosity and attraction to the
nipa hut the culiauan, maya, maria, capra, luminous light.
martin, pipit and other birds with wonder  Rizal justified such noble death (died
and joy to their twilight songs. martyr to its illusions) asserting that “to
 Angelus prayer sacrifice one’s life for it (ideal), is
 Happy moonlit night at Azotea where the worthwhile.
Aya related to the Rizal Children many  Like that young moth, he was fated to die a
stories about fairies. These stories aroused martyr (in search for light – education,
in Rizal enduring interest in Legends and reforms for his country/people)
Folklores.
Nocturnal moonlit walk in the town and by

ARTISTIC TALENT
the river
 At age 5, made sketches with his pencil,
mould clay and wax objects
FIRST SORROW  He painted in oil colors a new banner that
 Concha died of sickness in 1865 when she delighted the crowd – it’s better than the
was only three years old original
FIRST POEM BY RIZAL RIZAL’s PARENTS
 His mother – lover of literature encourage 1. HEREDITARY INFLUENCE
Rizal to write poetry  Malayan Ancestors – love for
 At age of 8, he wrote his poem in the freedom; innate desire to travel and
native language entitled “Sa Aking Mga his indomitable courage.
Kababata”. This poem reveals Rizal’s
earliest nationalist sentiment and 2. ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCE
proclaimed that people who love the native  Scenic beauties of Calamba and the
language will strive for liberty. beautiful garden of the Rizal family
stimulated Rizal’s inborn artistic and
FIRST DRAMA BY RIZAL literary talents.
 Tagalog comedy applauded in Calamba  Religious atmosphere at home –
festival the manuscript of which was fortified his religious nature
bought by gobernadorcillo from Paete,  Paciano – instilled in his mind the love
Laguna for P2.00. It was shown also for freedom and justice
during Paete’s fiesta.  From his sisters – he learned courtesy
and kindness to women
RIZAL AS BOY MAGICIAN  Fairytales told by his Aya – awakened
his interest in folklore and legends
 Making coin appear and disappear in his
 Tio Jose Alberto who studied for 11
fingers
years in British School in Calcutta,
 Handkerchief vanishing in the air
India/ traveled to Europe – inspired
 Magic-lantern exhibition – lamp casting its
him to develop his artistic ability
shadow on a white screen
 Tio Manuel – husky and athletic –
 Twisted his fingers into shapes, making
encouraged him to develop his frail
their enlarged shadows on the screen
body through exercise, walking,
resemble certain animals/persons
wrestling
 Manipulated marionettes (puppet shows)
 Tio Gregorio – book lover – intensified
 Read books on magic and attended
Rizal’s voracious reading of good
performance of great magicians
books
 Fr. Leoncio Lopez – fostered Rizal’s
LAKESHORES REVERIES love for scholarship and intellectual
 With his pet dog (Usman) used to meditate honesty
at Laguna de Bay asking what might be  Death of Concha (1865), imprisonment
over on the other side of the waves. of his mother in 1871-74 –
 Thinking of the Guardia Civil caning and strengthened his character
injuring unarmed and peace loving  Spanish abuses, cruelties, brutal acts
villagers whose only act was not having of guardia civil and the alcalde,
taken off their hats and vowed while tortures on innocent Filipinos and
passing in front of the former. execution of GOMBURZA (1872)
 No restraint put upon Spanish brutality awakened his patriotism
committed daily
 “In view of these injustices and cruelties, 3. AID OF DIVINE PROVIDENCE
although yet a child, my imagination was  God endowed him with versatile gifts of
awakened and I made a vow dedicating a genius, vibrant spirit of nationalistic
myself someday to avenge the many and valiant heart for a noble cause.
victims.”… (letter to Mariano Ponce)