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After WW1

1) After WWI, the Treaty of Versailles imposed harsh terms on Germany, fueling German resentment. This allowed Hitler and the Nazis to rise to power by exploiting these sentiments. 2) Germany invaded Poland on September 1st, 1939, marking the beginning of WWII in Europe. Britain and France declared war on Germany in response. 3) Germany conquered much of Western Europe by 1940, leaving Britain as the sole opponent of German domination. The US entered the war in 1941 after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor. 4) The Allied forces began to defeat the Axis powers in 1943-1945. Hitler committed suicide in April 1945 as Soviet forces closed in on Berlin, and Germany surrendered shortly after. Japan surrendered in

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Lyndsy Elaine Dequito
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24 views

After WW1

1) After WWI, the Treaty of Versailles imposed harsh terms on Germany, fueling German resentment. This allowed Hitler and the Nazis to rise to power by exploiting these sentiments. 2) Germany invaded Poland on September 1st, 1939, marking the beginning of WWII in Europe. Britain and France declared war on Germany in response. 3) Germany conquered much of Western Europe by 1940, leaving Britain as the sole opponent of German domination. The US entered the war in 1941 after Japan's attack on Pearl Harbor. 4) The Allied forces began to defeat the Axis powers in 1943-1945. Hitler committed suicide in April 1945 as Soviet forces closed in on Berlin, and Germany surrendered shortly after. Japan surrendered in

Uploaded by

Lyndsy Elaine Dequito
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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AFTER WW1… • The start of the war in Europe was generally

held to be 1 September 1939, beginning with the


‘▪ Major wars always pose the problem of
German invasion of Poland.
creating a postwar order, a task that usually falls
to the victors. • After signing the nonaggression pact with the
Soviet Union, German troops invaded Poland on
• TREATY OF VERSAILLES(1919):
1939. • Adolf Hitler seeks to regain lost territory
⮚The final peace terms. and ultimately rule Poland.

⮚A quintessential “victor’s peace” – harsh on • The United Kingdom and France declared war
the losers, easy on the winners. on Germany two days later.

• Germany (losers) was required to: • Germany then conquered Holland, Belgium,
Luxembourg, and most of France, leaving Britain
⮚relinquishment of territory alone to prevent total German domination of
Western Europe.
⮚restriction on the size of its armed forces
THE START OF WW2
⮚payment of huge reparations AFTER WW1…
▪ Japan’s takeover of Manchuria (part of China)
• Germany was forced to accept the total blame in 1931, or invasion of China in 1937.
for the war.
▪ The Second Sino-Japanese War was a military
• Germans feel that they were unfairly treated. conflict fought primarily between the Republic of
• Germans took the treaty for granted and China and the Empire of Japan from July 7, 1937,
required revision. to September 2, 1945. It began with the Marco
Polo Bridge Incident in 1937 in which a dispute
• Hitler and Nazis were able to take advantage between Japanese and Chinese troops escalated
and exploit sentiments during their rise in power. into a battle.
• Hitler became increasingly bold since he ▪ China fought Japan with aid from the Soviet
exploited German resentment and the Union and the United States.
depression to expand his political appeal
WW2 – THE SECOND GREAT WAR Two
Human and economic cost of the war made it developments altered the course of war (1941):
difficult for Great Britain and France (winners) to
recover. 1. Hitler broke his nonaggression pact with
Joseph Stalin and invaded the Soviet Union.
▪ US President Woodrow Wilson provided a
provisions for postwar order. 2. Japan attacked Pearl Harbor, leading the US to
declare war on Japan.
▪ The cornerstone of his postwar order was the
League of Nations to provide a collective • In response, Japan’s ally Germany declared
International response for future threat to war on US.
peace. • The US and Soviet Union were now allies along
• Tensions started to brew by the end of 1920s: with Britain against Germany.

⮚Germany was dissatisfied with the term of • Soviet Union suffered a lot of casualties (20-25
Versailles. million).

HOW WW2 ENDED?


⮚Western European nations were weary of war
and determined to avoid repetitions. ▪ Allied forces begin to take large numbers of Axis
prisoners
⮚The principal postwar institution designed to
preserve the peace was not living up to ▪ As allied troops advanced on Germany from the
expectations. West, and the Soviet troops closed in from the
East, the eventual outcome of the war in Europe
⮚The Great Depression created economic became clear.
hardship and political turmoil everywhere.
▪ Mussolini's death

▪ On 27 April 1945, as Allied forces closed in on


THE START OF WW2 Milan, Italian dictator Benito Mussolini was
captured by Italian partisans.

▪ Hitler's death
▪ On 30 April, as the Battle of Nuremberg and the
Battle of Hamburg ended with American and
British occupation, in addition to the Battle of
Berlin raging above him with the Soviets
surrounding the city, along with his escape route
cut off by the Americans, realizing that all was
lost and not wishing to suffer Mussolini's fate,
German dictator Adolf Hitler committed suicide
in his Führerbunker along with Eva Braun, his
long-term partner whom he had married less
than 40 hours before their joint suicide. HOW
WW2 ENDED? ▪ German forces (in Italy, Berlin,
Denmark, Netherlands, Bavaria, Breslau)
surrendered.

▪ The war against Japan continued for few


months, then the US used Atomic Bomb on
Hiroshima and Nagasaki – this triggered Japan to
surrender. ▪ Japan’s surrender concluded the
second total war in the generation (August 1945)

WW2 – OUTBREAK IN EUROPE German soldiers


tearing down the border crossing into Poland, 1
September 1939 London seen from St. Paul's
Cathedral after the German bombing, 29
December 1940 Soviet civilians leaving
destroyed houses after a German bombardment
during the Battle of Leningrad, 10 December
1942 WW2 – OUTBREAK IN EUROPE Red Army
soldiers on the counterattack during the Battle of
Stalingrad, February 1943 American 8th Air Force
Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress bombing raid on the
Focke-Wulf factory in Germany, 9 October 1943
(AFTERMATH) Ruins of Warsaw in January 1945,
after the deliberate destruction of the city by the
occupying German forces

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