PetE2106 - 17 - Gallano - Kael Aaron

GALLANO, KAEL AARON M.
NOVEMBER 6, 2022
PETE - 2106 21-06607
PROBLEM SET 2
THERMODYNAMICS
1. A STEAM TURBINE RECEIVES 5000 KG/HR OF STEAM. THE

STEAM ENTERS THE TURBINE AT A VELOCITY OF 3000M/MIN
AN ELEVATION OF 6.0 M AND A SPECIFIC ENTHALPY OF 2900
KJ/KG. IT LEAVES THE TURBINE AT A VELOCITY OF 5800
M/MIN, AN ELEVATION OF 1.8M, AND A SPECIFIC ENTHALPY
OF 2200 KJ/KG. HEAT LOSSES FROM THE TURBINE TO THE
SURROUNDINGS AMOUNT TO 18,000 KJ/HR. FIND THE
POWER OUTPUT OF THE TURBINE.
FIGURE AND DATA:
m=5000kg/hr Z2 = 1.8m
V1 =3000m/min h2=2200KJ/kg
Z1 =6.0m Q=18000KJ/hr
Q W h =2900KJ/kg
1 V2 = 5800m/min
FIND: POWER OUTPUT
SOLUTION:
EIN= EOUT
PE1 + KE1 + H1 = PE2+ KE + H2 + Q +W
USING PE = mgz, KE= 1 mv2AND H=mh
2
1 2 2
W=m[g(Z1 -Z2) + 2 (V + V ) + (h1 -h2)]- Q
SUBSTITUTING:
W=5000kg/hr( 1h (9.81m/s)(6-1.8)m + 21 (2500 - 9344.44 +
3600s)[
1000kg.m.KN.s2
]
(2900 - 2200) KJ/kg - 18000 KJ/hr
3600s
3600 1000 2000

]
W= 5000 (9.81)(4.2) + (50 2 - 96.6667 2 ) + 700 - 5
[
W= 962.5264 KJ/s. kW
2. AIR ENTERS A CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSOR AT 30KG/MIN.
THE INLET CONDITIONS OF AIR ARE V1 =15M/S, P1 =1BAR, V1
3
=0.6M³/KG, AND THE OUTLET CONDITIONS ARE V2 =100M/S,
P2 =8BAR, V2 =0.18M³/KG. THE INCREASE IN ENTHALPY OF AIR
PASSING THROUGH THE COMPRESSOR IS 180 KJ/KG AND
HEAT LOSS TO THE SURROUNDINGS IS 800 KJ/MIN. FIND THE
2
MOTOR POWER. ASSUME INLET AND OUTLET ARE AT THE
SAME LEVEL.
FIGURE AND DATA:
V1 = 15m/s V2 = 100m/s
P_1 = 1bar P_2 = 8bar
V1 = 0.6m /kg V2 = 0.18m /kg
Q W m = 30kg/min
H=180 KJ/kg,Z = Z
Q= 800KJ/min
FIND: MOTOR POWER
SOLUTION:
EIN= EOUT
PE1 + KE1 + H1 + W= PE2 + KE2 + H2 + Q
USING PE = mgz, KE= 1 mv2AND H=mh
2
1 2 2
W=m[g(Z1 -Z2) + 2 (V + V ) 2+ H1]- Q
SUBSTITUTING:
1
W=0 + 30kg 2 (100 2- 15 2)m 2/s2+180KJ/kg
[
60s 1000kg.m.KN.s ] + 800
60s
KJ
W= 105.7771kW
3. THE AIR IN THE CYLINDER OF AN AIR COMPRESSOR IS
COMPRESSED FROM 100 KPA TO 12MPA. FIND THE FINAL
TEMPERATURE AND THE WORK REQUIRED IF THE AIR IS
0
INITIALLY AT 90°C.
GIVEN: FIND: T AND W
P1 = 100kPa CONVERSION:
P2 = 12MPa
0
T1 = 90 C a) P2 = 12000kPa
AIR: Cp=1KJ/kg-K b) T1 = 363K
Cv= 0.176KJ/kg-K
SOLUTION:
ISENTROPIC
K= Cp K= 1KJ/kg.K Q =0, PE = 0, KE = 0
Cv 0.716KJ/kg.K E1 = E2
K= 1.4 Q - W = KE + U
T2 = 12000kPa
K-1 -W = U
T1 ( 100kPa ) K
W = (-0.716KJ/kgh.K)(1425.471 - 363K)
1.4-1 m
T2 = 12000kPa
(
363K 100kPa ) 1.4 W = -760.7292 KJ/kg
m
T2= 1425.471 K
W = mR (T2 - T1 )
1-K
W = (0.28KJ/kgh.K)(1425.471 - 363K)
m 1-1.4
W = -762.8 KJ/kg
m
0
4. HELIUM IS CONTAINED IN A 3m3RIGID VOLUME AT 60 C AND
100 kPa. FIND THE HEAT TRANSFER NEEDED TO INCREASE THE
PRESSURE TO 1000 kPa.
GIVEN:
V = 3m FIND: Q
T1 = 60 C CONVERSION:
P1 = 100kPa T1 = 60 C + 273 K
P2 = 1000 kPa T1 = 333 K
HELIUM: R = 8.314 KJ/mol.K
K = 1.667
SOLUTION:
ISOCHORIC V = C Cp = K
P1 = P2 Cv
T1 T2 Cp - Cv = R
100kPa = 1000kPa Cp = Cv (1.667)
333K T2 Cv = (1.667) - Cv = 8.314
T2 = 3330 K 4
Cv (1.667-1) = 8.314
Q= mC T 4(1.667 - 1)
P1 V1 = mRT Cv = 3.116
m = P1 V1
RT Q= mC T
R= R Q = (0.4334)(3.116)(3330 - 333)
MW
R = 8.314 KJ/mol.K Q= 4047.3717 KJ
4 kg/mol
R = 8.314 KJ.K
4 kg
0
5. A GAS FLOW OF 10KG/S AT 8BAR, 850°C AND 150 M/S IS
PASSED THROUGH A TURBINE OF A JET ENGINE. THE STEAM
0
COMES OUT OF THE TURBINE AT 2.5 BAR, 500°C AND 300
M/S. THE PROCESS MAY BE ASSUMED ADIABATIC. THE
ENTHALPY OF THE GAS AT THE ENTRY AND EXIT OF THE
TURBINE ARE 1050 KJ/KG OF GAS RESPECTIVELY.
DETERMINE THE CAPACITY OF THE TURBINE.
FIGURE AND DATA:
h 1 = 1050KJ/kg h2= 600KJ/kg
P1 =8bar P2 =2.5bar
V 1=150m/s V2 =300m/s
Q W 0
T1 = 850 C 0
T2 = 500 C
m= 10kg/s S=C
FIND: TURBINE CAPACITY, W
SOLUTION:
EIN= EOUT
PE1 + KE1 + H1 + W= PE2 + KE2 + H2 + Q
USING KE = mgz, KE= 1 mv2AND H=mh
2
1 2 2
W = m [(V1 - V2 )+(h1 - h2)]
2
2 2 2 2
W = 10kg/s (150 - 300 ) m /s + (1050 - 600)KJ/kg
[ 2000 kg.m/KN.s 2 ]
W = 4162.5 kW
6. TWENTY PIECES OF ICE CUBES, EACH WITH A TEMPERATURE
OF -20°C AND A VOLUME OF 10MM3ARE ADDED TO 2L OF
O
O
WATER AT 20°C IN AN INSULATED CONTAINER. FIND THE
EQUILIBRIUM TEMPERA TURE CP=2.1KJ/KG.K AND SPECIFIC
3
VOLUME OF ICE=0.00109M³/KG.
GIVEN: FIND: -Teq
N ICE CUBES = 20
O
TICE = -20 C
V ICE = 10 mL
O
V H2O = 20 C
Cp = 2.1 KJ/kg.K
V ICE = 0.00109 m 3/kg
SOLUTION:
ENERGY GAINED BY ICE = ENERGY LOST BY WATER
Q ICE CUBES +Q LATENT + QSENSIBLE =Q SENSIBLE
MICE = (10x10 -3L) 1m3 MH2O = 2L 1m 3
(1000L ) (1000L) ( 1000kg
m )
3
MICE = 0.1834 kg MH2O = 2kg

[ 0.1834kg ( 2.1 KJ/kg.k)(0 - 20))] + [((0.1834kg)(335) +
[0.1834kg (4.187KJ/kg.k)( T2 - 0)] = [ 2kg (4.187 KJ/kg.k)
(20 - T2 )]
O
T2 = 10.75 C

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GALLANO, KAEL AARON M.

1. A STEAM TURBINE RECEIVES 5000 KG/HR OF STEAM. THE

3600 1000 2000

MICE = 0.1834 kg MH2O = 2kg

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