UNIT 3 PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT

VOCABULARY

WORD PRONUNCIATION MEANING

environmental (ad) /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl/ thuộc về/ liên quan đến môi trường

environment (n) /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈment/ môi trường

tourism (n) /ˈtʊrɪzəm/
du lịch
damage (v) /ˈdæmɪdʒ/ tàn phá, phá hủy

wildlife (n) /ˈwaɪldlaɪf/ động vật hoang dã

cause (v) /kɔːz/ gây ra

pollution (n) /pəˈluːʃn/ sự ô nhiễm

disease (n) /dɪˈziːz/ bệnh tật

pollute (v) /pəˈluːt/ làm ô nhiễm

health (n) /helθ/ sức khỏe

land (n) /lænd/ đất, vùng đất

affect (v)
/əˈfekt/ ảnh hưởng

electricity (n) /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ Điện năng

air conditioner (n) /ˈeə kəndɪʃənə(r)/ điều hòa không khí

clean up /kliːn up/ dọn dẹp, thu dọn

waste (v /weɪst/ lãng phí

 save (v) /seɪv/ cứu, để dành

reduce (v) /rɪˈdjuːs/ giảm thiểu, giảm xuống

reuse (v) /ˌriːˈjuːz/ Tái sử dụng

recycle (v) /ˌriːˈsaɪkl/ Tái chế
remove (v) /rɪˈmuːv/ di dời, xóa bỏ
organise /ˈɔːɡənaɪz/ tổ chức
cleaner (n) /ˈkliːnə(r)/ tạp vụ, người quét dọn
create (v) /kriˈeɪt/ tạo nên
organize (v) /ˈɔːɡənaɪz/ tổ chức, thực hiện
provide (v) /prəˈvaɪd/ cung cấp
air pollution /eər pəˈluːʃn/ ô nhiễm không khí

noise pollution /nɔɪz pəˈluːʃən/ ô nhiễm tiếng ồn

visual pollution /ˈvɪʒuəl pəˈluːʃən/ ô nhiễm tầm nhìn

water pollution /ˈwɔːtər pəˈluːʃən/ ô nhiễm nước

thermal pollution /ˈθɜːməl pəˈluːʃən/ ô nhiễm nhiệt

radioactive pollution /reɪdiəʊˈæktɪv pəˈluːʃən / ô nhiễm phóng xạ

light pollution /laɪt pəˈluːʃən/ ô nhiễm ánh sáng

land/soil pollution /lænd/sɔɪl pəˈluːʃən/ ô nhiễm đất

Task 1. Look at the pictures and complete the blanks.

water pollution visual pollution air pollution thermal pollution

light pollution noise pollution soil pollution radioactive pollution

 1………………… 2………………… 3………………… 4…………………
…………………… …………………… …………………… ……………………

5………………… 6…………………... 7………………… 8…………………

…………………… ……………………
Task 2. Match each word with its definition/description
 1. affect A. 2 .the Earth's surface that is not water or some
Task 3.Complete the sentences with theanimals can both
words from the live
box.in sea
2. land B. 3 the physical and mental health of a person

3. health C. 5.to make something happen, especially something

unpleasant
4. pollute D. 8 to have a negative effect on something or someone

5. waste E. 15 to use something more than youneed

6. cause F. 9 the business of providing transportation, housing or

entertainment to people who are on vacation
7. disease G. 4. to make the air, water or land dirty or harmful

8. wildlife H. 10 the natural world, which is home to plants,

animals and humans
9. damage I. 11 a person who cleans a house, an office or a
buliding as a job
10.tourism J. 12 to collect, sort and produce new reusable items
Tran Minh Tam -K. 7. animals and plants that live in a free and natural
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11.environment
environment
12.cleaner L. 6 an illness that affects humans, animals or plants

13.recycle M. 1.to make a difference in someone or something

14.air conditioner N. 13 a machine that cools and dries the air in a place
such as a room
15.reduce O. 14 to use something again

aquatic radioactive contaminated poison pollutant

dumped sewage untreated dead effects

1. ________ or wastewater should be treated before it is discharged into the river or ocean.
 2. More and more waste and________ are poured into the water, the soil and the air.
3. The________ material is stored in a special radiation-proof Container.
4. Oil spills can cause the death of________ animals such as fish.
5. ________sewage can spread disease and contaminate drinking water sources.
6. Cholera is transmitted through________ water
7. The health________ of air pollution include heart disease, lung cancer, and asthma.
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8. Carbon dioxide is a dangerous air________.
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9. Over 150,000 tonnes of waste are________ annually along the coastline.
10. Up to 100.000 fish were found________ along the river last week.

Task 4. Underline the right option.

The planet’s water reserves are constantly polluted by waste from agriculture, industries,
and (1) sewage / sewers / sewing. Since water is always circulating through

the environment, it transports the (2) pollution / polluted / pollutants it contains from one
area to the next. A pesticide that is (3) sprayed / spread / crowded on a field, for example,
seeps into the groundwater, finds its way to a stream, and finally (4) ends up / gives up
/comes up in the ocean. These toxic substances harm (5) poisonous / aquatic / dead
plantsand animals, and also infect the food Chain, causing certain plant and animal species
to become (6) extinct / extinction / extincted. They can also (7) effect / defect / affect
humans who eat fish. Even though (8) dumping / collecting / clearing garbage in the ocean
is strictly forbidden, many countries release their (9) treated / untreated / treatment sewer
waste and dispose of their garbage into the water. In addition to this, more than 6 million
tons of oil are accidentally (10) spilled / littered / floated into the ocean every year.

Task 5. Give the correct form of the word given to complete the sentence.

1. It’s evidence that this ocean is clean and environmentally________. (pollute)

2. Diseases are primarily due to________ food and air. (contaminate)
3. While some Chemicals may be harmless others can cause________. (damage)
4. Life expectancy has gone down due to________ diseases caused by air pollution. (die)
5. In remote regions, the air is pure and the crops are free of ________ insecticides. (poison)
6. Some scientists warn that light________ damages people and animals. (pollute)
 7. Many Chemicals have a________ effect on the environment. (damage)
8. The dumping of________ I sewage into the sea is a source of ocean pollution. (treat)
9. A________ is a substance that makes something dirty, polluted, or poisonous.
(contaminate)

10. Water pollution can lead to the________ of aquatic plants and animals. (die)

GRAMMAR

1. Conditional sentences type 1

Câu điều kiện loại I

Câu điều kiện loại 1 được dùng để diễn tả điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương
lai.

Cấu trúc:

If + S + Vs/es, S + will + V

Nói cách khác, ở câu điều kiện loại 1, mệnh đề IFdùng thì hiện tại đơn, mệnh đề chính
dùng thì tương lai đơn.

Ví dụ:

If we keep polluting the air, there will be more diseases.

Nếu chúng ta tiếp tục làm ô nhiễm không khí, sẽ có thêm nhiều bệnh tật.

If you study hard, you will pass the exam.

Nếu bạn học chăm chỉ, bạn sẽ vượt qua kì thi.

We can make negative conditionals using unless instead of if.

 Chúng ta có thể dùng câu điều kiện phủ định bằng cách sử dụng unless thay vì if. (Unless= If…
not)
Unless we stop polluting the air, there will be more disease.
Nếu chúng ta không ngừng gây ô nhiễm không khí, sẽ có nhiều bệnh tật hơn.
2. Compound and complex sentences
2.1Compound sentences: Câu ghép và câu phức
- We can use and to add and join ideas together: Ta có thể dùng and để thêm và nối các ý lại
với nhau.
We can use public transportation, and we can tell other people about their benefits.
(Chúng ta có thể sử dụng phương tiện giao thông công cộng và chúng ta có thể nói với người
khác về những lợi ích của họ)
We use and to join two clauses when the second clause happens after the first clause: Ta dùng
and để nối hai mệnh đề khi mệnh đề thứ hai xảy ra sau mệnh đề thứ nhất
There was a big bang and the lights went out.
(Có một tiếng nổ lớn và đèn vụt tắt.)
We use and to join two clauses when the second clause is a result of the first clause: Ta dùng
and để nối hai mệnh đề khi mệnh đề thứ hai là kết quả của mệnh đề thứ nhất
He went to bed early, and the next day he felt better.
(Anh ấy đi ngủ sớm, và ngày hôm sau anh ấy cảm thấy tốt hơn.)

2.2 Complex sentences with so that: Câu phức với so that

We can use so that to show purposes. In informal English, we can omit that: Chúng ta có thể
dùng so that để chỉ mục đích. Trong tiếng Anh không chính thức, chúng ta có thể bỏ qua that
We should use public transports so (that) we can reduce the traffic jam.. (Chúng ta nên sử dụng
phương tiện giao thông công cộng để (rằng) chúng ta có thể giảm kẹt xe.)
I’ll go by car so that I can take more luggage.( Tôi sẽ đi bằng ô tô để tôi có thể mang thêm hành
lý.)

Task 1. Complete the sentences with the verbs in brackets. Use conditional sentences type 1.
 1.The pollution problem in the world is serious. If we _________ (not do) anything, our
lives_______ (be) in danger.
2. If the air in a City________ (get) very polluted, it can make people’s eyes burn.
3. If we dump all sorts of Chemicals into rivers, we________ (not be) able to swim in them
in the future.
4. Many wildlife habitats will be destroyed if people________ (keep) polluting the
environment.
5. If we all use public transport more, we________ (help) reduce air pollution.
6. If we________ (not stop) over-fishing the oceans, many species________ (become)
extinct.
7. If everyone________ (recycle) paper, metal and glass, we ________ (not produce) so
much rubbish.
8. We________ (have) dirty seafood if we________ (dump) rubbish into the sea.
9. If global warming________ (continue), temperatures________ (rise) even higher.
10. If light pollution________ (keep) growing, you________ (not be) able to see even the
Big Dipper at night.
11. We________ (threaten) our own existence if we________ (not cut down) the waste
rapidly.
12.I think some plants and animal________ (become) extinct if we keep polluting our
land.

Task 3. Are the sentences correct in the use of and or so that? Put a tick (✔) or a cross (x).
1. I think students should walk to school so that we should reuse old books.
2 .We will collect plastic bottles, and they will help recycle them.
3. Everyone should reuse envelops so that we will not waste paper.
4. We should use public transportation so that we can help reduce air pollution.
5. We shouldn't throw garbage into rivers and we will save the homes of water animals and
plants.
6.Mary went shopping, and she bought a new dress.
7. He finished his book, and he has nothing left to read.
Task 4.Complete the sentences using and or so that. Add a comma where necessary.
1. We should take a bus often___________we can help reduce air pollution in the city.
2. At school we learn that we should save energy____________ we shouldn't waste paper.
3. We should turn off air conditioners when we leave_________ we won't waste electricity.
4. We should reduce our use of water____________ we should recycle things more often.
5. We should clean up the beach____________we should plant more trees along the coast.
6. You finished your homework___________ you put your school bag away
7. Mom made supper____________dad cleaned the dishes.
8. The students were sitting on the carpet___________they were listening to the teacher.
9. Mr. Palmer gave Gina a sticker_____________he gave Patrick an eraser.
 10.You ate all your food__________you can have dessert.

6. Find ONE mistake in each of the following sentences and correct it.

1. When it stopped raining. I would go to see him.

A B C D

2. You would miss the bus if you wouldn'thurry up.

A B C D

3. How much would it be if I payby cheque?

A B C D

4. If I were you, I will go joggingevery morning.

A B C D

5. He should go to the concert if you gave him your ticket.

A B C D

6. We might buy a larger housewhen we had more money.

A B C D

7. Education has beenseverelyeffectedby the war.

A B C D

8. Unemployment isamajorcause poverty.

AB C D

9. They wereaccused ofcontaminate the minds of our young people.

A B C D

10. He isshowing these silent films to help illustrating his story of survival.

A B C D
 LISTENING

Task 1. Listen and fill in the blanks.

Air pollution affects the (1) _______ we

breathe. It’s made up of harmful gases,
droplets, and particles. These make the air
quality poor. Many things can cause air
(2) ________. Some air pollution is
caused by burning (3) _______. Oil is
used to make gasoline for cars. Cars and
trucks produce a lot of air pollution. Coal
can give off harmful gases when it’s
burned. Coal is burned to make (4)
________. Renewable resources are not
harmful to the air. Biomass fuels, such as
(5) _________, can cause a little air
pollution. It does not produce as (6)
_______ as fuels. Some renewable
resources do not produce any air
pollution. (7)__________ energy,
(8)________ energy, hydropower,….

Task 2. Listen and decide if the statements are True (T) or False (F)

1. Air pollution affects the air we breathe.

2. Some air pollution is caused by burning oil.
 3. Coal can give off harmful gases when it's burned.
4. Renewable resources are as harmful to the air as fossil fuels.
5. Some renewable resources do not produce any air pollution.

SPEAKING

Task 1. Match the questions and answers. Then practice.

1. What is the main reason for thermal a. They are non-biodegradable and create an

pollution? environmental harzard.

2. What effect does thermal pollution b. Nuclear wastes from nuclear power plants,

have on aquatic animals? mining and processing of nuclear material etc.

3. How to minimize the water pollution c. Carbon dioxide. It contributes about 55% to

due to Chemicals? global warming.

d. It affects their growth and may kill off

4. What diseases are usually caused by air them.

pollution? e. Hot water released by power plants and

5. Which gas is mainly responsible for industries.

global warming? f. Sleep disturbance, high blood pressure,

6. What are the effects of noise pollution? emotional problems and annoyance.

7. Why are plastic bags a big g. Rickets, throat cancer, lung cancer and

environmental nuisance? breathing problem.

 8. What are sources of radioactive h. Treat wastewater before discharging into a

pollution? flowing body of water.

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

Task 2. Write the question for the underline part.

I. Writequestionsfortheunderlinedparts.
1. ______________________________________________________________

Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies, such as lakes, rivers and oceans.

2. ______________________________________________________________

The river water is heavily contaminated because of toxic waste dumping.

3. ______________________________________________________________

There are five major types of pollution.

4. ______________________________________________________________
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If I were the President, I would ban cars from city centres.

5. ______________________________________________________________

Most of the plastic waste ends up in the oceans.

6. ______________________________________________________________

Death or disfigurationare common effects of exposure to radioactive waste.

7. ______________________________________________________________
 Ho Chi Minh Cityis more polluted than Panang.

8. ______________________________________________________________

In my neighbourhood, garbage is collected everyday.

9. ______________________________________________________________

Every individualis responsible for solving environmental issues

10. ______________________________________________________________

Land pollution can be prevented by the proper disposing of the litter.

READING

Task 1. Read. Write T or F.

Air pollution is a serious problem in many cities. Motor vehicles, factories and other

sources create so much air pollution that it may hang in the air like dirty fog. Air

pollution threatens the health of the people who live in cities. City wastes cause water

pollution when they are poured into the waterways. These wastes kill fish and make

some areas unfit for swimming. In addition, many large cities have difficulties in

disposing of their garbage. The amount of garbage grows each year, but places to put

it are quickly filling up. Citizens, governments, industries, scientists, and business

people must
1. Motor work and
vehicles together in different
factories are amongways
someto gradually
sources of airreduce pollution.
pollution. For
___________

example, most cities have introduced recycling programmes.

2. Air pollution doesn’t endanger people’s health in some cities. ___________
 3. Garbage disposal is a problem in many large cities. ___________

4. Everyone must cooperate to reduce pollution. ___________

5. We can reduce pollution by recycling programmes only.__________

Task 2. Choose the correct option A, B or C

a. Read the text about air pollution. Choose the best options.
Air pollution is a big problem in big cities. Evidence shows that air pollution may cause serious
health problems for humans and animals. We 1) more health problems if we do not lower the air
pollution levels. There are some simple actions we can take to reduce air pollution.
First, get familiar with bus or train routes in your city 2). with a bus trip at least once a week.
The frequent use of public that cause air pollution. You can even walk or bike 3) Second, try to
use less packaging. Factories can badly 4) –
start to replace your motorbike travel transportation can help reduce emissions short distances,
air quality when producing plastic,foil and cardboard for packaging. Whatever you are shopping
for, remember to choose items with as little packaging as possible. If you have no choice, go for
recyclable packaging.
Another good way to reduce air pollution is to manage your household waste. Reusing,
recycling and composting can help reduce a significant 5) of garbage. That means that less
garbage will endup in landfills which are major sources of air pollution.
1 A. gets B. getting C. will get D. won't get
2 A. butB .for C. yet D.and
3 A. in B. for C. with D. at
4 A. drop B. grow C. affect D. keep
5 A. amount B. number C. total D. level
b. Read the text again. Choose the best answers.
6 What is the best title for the text?
A How bad is air pollution in big cities? B What causes air pollution in big cities?
C How can people solve a health problem? D What can people help to reduce air pollution?
7 Which word has the OPPOSITE meaning to the word reduce in paragraph?
 A. cut B.lower C. increase D. decrease
8 Which word has the CLOSEST meaning to the word routes in paragraph2?
A .trips B. ways C.stopes D. stations
9 According to the text, which is NOT a suggestion
A. using plastic packaging
B. recycling home garbage
C. using public transportationfor reducing air pollution?
D. choosing recyclable packaging
10 Which is TRUE about the lanchills in paragraph 47?
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A .They cause air pollution.
B .They help manage household waste.
C .They are places for recycling household waste
D. They have a large capacity for garbage.

Task 3. Read the passage carefully and find the word in bold in the passage that means:

There are many kinds of pollution. Air, water, and land can be polluted. Some
pollution is caused by nature, such as foods, forest fires, and volcanoes. People are the major
Cause of pollution. We pollute the air with our cars, homes, and factories. Smoke from
factories and car exhaust makes the air looks gray and smoggy. Some people cannot go
outside when the air is very bad! We pollute the water by dumping garbage and Chemicals
in the water. Plants and animals die because of the pollution in the water. We pollute the soil
with Chemicals and garbage. We harm the land by cutting down trees in the forest,
especially to build roads and new houses without careful planning and thinking.

The only way to save our environment is to think about pollution. How can you stop or
limit pollution? How do we protect our environment? Conservation is one way to protect our
environment. Conservation is the wise use and protection of our environment. We can control
 water pollution by not producing as much as waste and by proper disposal of sewage and
garbage. We can take care of recreation land by cleaning up, after ourselves and not causing
more pollution. Carpooling and public transportation will help reduce air pollution.

Recycling is a type of conservation. Recycling is reusing items over again or in a new

way. Recycling can help us conserve our natural resources so they will last many more years.

Find the word in bold in the passage that means:

1. the protection of the natural environment ________

2. have a bad effect on something ________

3. a large
Tranamount of water
Minh Tam covering an, area that usually dry
- 0945698733 ________

4. sharing a car ride with other people ________

5. waste gases that come out of an engine ________

6. the process of making air, water, soil, etc. dirty ________

7. get rid of ________

WRITING

Task 1. Reorder the words to make meaningful sentences.

1. water/The/be/should / clean/people/local / it. / use/that/can / so

______________________________________________________________
2. should / we / transportation, /public/ and / shouldn't / energy. / waste / use / we
______________________________________________________________
3. save / should / We/paper/that/so/ have/to/down/ cut / trees. /more/ we / don't
______________________________________________________________
4. should / We/reuse / bags,/shopping/we/use / shouldn't/plastic / and /bottles.
______________________________________________________________
5. electricity/save/We/help/that/so/environment. / should/can/protect/ we / the
______________________________________________________________

6. of bodies/ directly/ Air pollution/ contaminate/ can/ of water and soil/ the surface.
______________________________________________________________

7. trees/ so much/ don’t/ We/ if/ we/ waste/ will/ thousands of/ paper/ save.
______________________________________________________________

8. would/ bad/air pollution/ What/ got/ you/ really/ do/ if?

______________________________________________________________

9. as/ the death/ Polluted water/ animals/ of/ fish and crabs/ such/ aquatic/ causes.
______________________________________________________________

10. went/ more/ less/ to/ If/ we/ recycled/ rubbish/ landfill sites.
______________________________________________________________

11. the overuse/ has/ Agriculture/ on/ an/ land pollution/ impact/ of/ Chemicals/ due to.
______________________________________________________________

12. much/ cities/ lights/ use/ Too/ of/cause/ in/ may/ light pollution/ electric
______________________________________________________________

13. our time/ is/ one/ most/ of/ problems/ serious/ Water pollution/ the/ of/ environmental
______________________________________________________________
Task 2. Rewrite each sentence, beginning as shown.

1. I didn’t have an umbrella with me so I got wet.

I wouldn’t ....................................................................................................

2. I’ll call the police if you don’t leave me alone.

Unless ..........................................................................................................

3. In the snowy weather we don’t go to school.

If ..................................................................................................................

4. Without Jack’s help, I wouldn’t have been able to move this table.

If ..................................................................................................................

5. You drink too much coffee, that’s why you can’t sleep.

If you............................................................................................................

6. Make me some coffee, and I’ll give you some sweets.

If ..................................................................................................................

7. If you hadn’t told me about Sue’s hair, I wouldn’t have noticed her.

Unless ..........................................................................................................

8. If you see Peter, tell him he should be here at 8 00.

Should .........................................................................................................

9. He can’t go out because he has to study for his exam.

If ..................................................................................................................

10.She is lazy so she can’t pass the exam.

If ..................................................................................................................
Task 3. Write a paragraph (80 words) about noise pollution.
 ………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………

TEST FOR UNIT

Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the other three in
each question.

1. A. heart B. catch C. watch D. question

2. A. polluted B. played C. earned D. died

3. A. factory B. dirty C. laundry D. dry

Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the other three in each
question.

4. A. answer B. become C. enter D. carry

5. A. aquatic B. continue C. illustrate D. environment

Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence below.

6. I think the waste from the factory has __________ the lake.

A. damaged B. pollution C. polluted D. damage

7. If the factory continues dumping poisons into the lake, all the fish and other _________
animals will die.

A. aquatics B. aquatic C. aquatical D. aquatically

8. He is _________ a lot because it is cold.

A. sneezes B. sneeze C. sneezed D. sneezing

9. Don’t drink that water! It’s __________.

A. contaminated B. contamination C. contaminant D. contaminating

10. A huge amount of _________ chemical waste is dumped into the lake.

A. poison B. poisoning C. poisonous D. poisons

11. The crop was severely ________ by the acid rain.

A. damaged B. poisoned C. polluted D. contaminated

12. Many people _________ litter on the streets.

A. pay B. give C. catch D. throw

13. When _________ pollution happens, the water temperature in streams, rivers and lakes, or
oceans changes.

A. water B. thermal C. temperature D. heat

14. The sight of too many telephones poles, advertising billboards, overhead power lines, or
shop signs may cause _______.

A. light pollution B. air pollution C. visual pollution D. sight pollution

15. Many children around the world are suffering from birth defects because their parents are
_________ to radiation.

A. worked B. exposed C. expressed D. supposed

Choose the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of
the following sentences.

16. The supply is being tested for contamination.

A. population B. pollution C. combining D. containing

17. The fumes from vehicles is a contributing factor to make people cough.

A. noise B. fuel C. exhaust D. water

18. Several new botanical species have been killed in the last year because of water and soil
pollution.

A. mammals B. plants C. insects D. flowers

Choose the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined part in each
of the following sentences.

19. Two years ago, the reduction in water and noise pollution in this city was dramatic.

A. impressive B. normal C. marked D. traditional

20. Because warmer water has less oxygen in it, it can harm fish populations and cause harmful
algal blooms.

A. support B. reduce C. contaminate D. illustrate

Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence below.

21. If you __________ noise pollution for a long time, you can have headaches and hearing
loss.

A. experience B. will experience C. experienced D. can experience

22. If there ________ fewer cars on the road, there would be less noise pollution.
 A. is B. are C. was D. were

23. I wouldn’t throw litter on the ground if I ________ you.

A. was B. were C. will be D. am

24. If Trang _______ her room every day, her mother _______ so upset.

A. tided/ wouldn’t be C. tidies/isn’t

B. tides/ won’t be D. tided/ won’t be

25. May aquatic animals die ________ the polluted water.

A. because B. due to C. because of D. Both B&C

26. The cold weather in this country often makes him ________.

A. sneezing B. sneeze C. to sneeze D. sneezed

27. _______ there was a lot of acid rain, many botanical species died last year.

A. Since B. Cause C. Although D. So

28. We ________ pay so much money for electricity a month if we ________ the air
conditioner all the time.

A. wouldn’t have to/ don’t turn on C. wouldn’t had to/ didn’t turn on

B. would have to/ didn’t turn on D. wouldn’t have to/ didn’t turn on

29. If the villagers didn’t dump households waste into the river, it _______ less contaminated
now.

A. will be B. is C. could be D. being

30. If Hoa ________ ill, she would join our activity to protect the local environment.

A. wasn’t B. weren’t C. isn’t D. Both A&B

Choose the underlined part that needs correcting in each sentence below.

31. Water pollution(A) is the contamination of bodies(B)of water(C)such(D) lakes, rivers,

oceans, and groundwater.

32. Polluted(A) water also cause(B) the death(C) of aquatic(D) animals like fish or crabs.
33. If we didn’t(A) do nothing(B) to stop global warming, we would(C) see big changes(D) in
the future.

34. People in our area are all(A) aware about(B) this problem, and we are thinking of(C) some
ways to(D) to solve it.

35. I think I would(A) knock on(B) their door and explained(C) that it was polluting(D) the
area.

Read the passage and then decide whether the sentences are True(T) or False(F).

Environmental pollution is one of the impacts of human activities on the Earth. There are
four types of pollution, namely, air pollution, soil pollution, water pollution and noise pollution.
Most of the air pollution results from the burning of fossil fuels, motor vehicles, factories,
aircraft and rockets. This can cause acid rain which damages water, soil, and plants. Air
pollution also contributes to the greenhouse effect.
Soil pollution is a result of dumping plastic or other waste in the ground and the overuse of
chemicals in growing crops. The long-term effects of soil pollution are contaminated vegetation
and the decrease of soil fertility.
Water pollution is a result of dumping pollutants such as oil and other chemicals in rivers,
which makes the water unclean or contaminated. Rubbish blockages in rivers can also cause
pollution.
The effects of water pollution include the destruction of rivers, lakes and the pollution of
groundwater, surface water and seawater.
Noise pollution is caused by loud and annoying sounds of motor vehicles, railway, aircraft
and jet engines, factory machinery and musical instruments. It can cause stress and
psychological and health problems for humans such as increased heart rate and hearing damage.
Environmental pollution is becoming an increasingly serious problem or threat that needs
to be taken care of as soon as possible, not only for the sake of the environment, but also for the
people that live in it.
(Source: Adapted from Time and date)
T F
36 Environmental pollution results from natural disasters.
.
37 The greenhouse effect is a result of water pollution.
.
38 Water pollutants such as oil and other chemicals and rubbish blockages
. in river make contaminated.
39 Noise pollution can increase heart rate and damage hearing.
 .
40 Environmental pollution needs to be taken care to protect the
. environment and the people that live in it.
Read the following passage and choose the option (A, B, C or D) that best answers each of
the questions below.
Pollution is any contamination of the environment which causes harm to the
environment or the inhabitants of the environment. There are three main kinds of pollution.

Air pollution can be caused by liquids, or gases that make the air harmful to breathe.
There are two main types of air pollution: primary and secondary. Primary pollutants enter
the air directly, like smoke from factories and car exhaust. Secondary pollutants are
chemicals that mix together to pollute the air, like mixtures of emissions from vehicles and
factory smoke that change to form more dangerous pollutants in the air and sunlight.

Soil pollution can be caused by pesticides, leakage from chemical tanks, oil spills, and
other chemicals which get into the soil by dumping or accidental contamination. Soil
pollution can also cause water pollution when underground water becomes contaminated by
coming into contact with the polluted soil.

Water pollution can be caused by waste products, sewage, oil spills, and litter in
streams, rivers, lakes, and oceans. Some scientists believe that water pollution is the largest
cause of death and disease in the world, causing about 14,000 deaths in the world each day.

It is not possible for anyone to predict the exact timing and effects of global,
pollution and global climate change brought about by pollution. There, is general agreement
by scientists that the global climate will continue to change, the intensity of weather elfects
will continue to increase, and some species of animals will become extinct.
(Adapted from BBC)
41. What is the most suitable title for the passage?
A. Solutions to pollution
B. Environmental issues
C. Causes and effects of pollution
D. Environmental impacts
42. What kind of pollution is considered as the cause of the most death and disease?
A. Air pollution
B. Water pollution
C. Soil pollution
D. None of the above
43. What is NOT a cause of soil pollution?
A. Chemicals
B. Exhaust fumes
C. Oil sprills
D. Pesticides
44. What kind of pollution may oil sprills cause?
A. Air pollution
B. Water pollution
C. Soil pollution
D. Both B and C are correct
45. According to the agreement of scientists, what is NOT environmental effect caused by
pollution?
A. Global climate change
B. Intensity of weather effects
C. Animal extinction
D. Disappearance of the rainforests.
Tran Minh Tam - 0945698733

Choose the sentence (A, B, C or D) that is closest in meaning to the root sentence or best
combines the two given sentences.
46. I don't have enough money, so I don’t buy seafood.

A. If I have enough money, I will buy seafood.-

B. If I had enough money, I would buy seafood.

C. If I didn’t have enough money, I didn’t buy seafood.

D. If I didn’t have enough money, I would buy seafood.

47. I didn’t bring my umbrella so I got wet.

A.I would not get wet if I bring my umbrella.

B. If I brought my umbrella, I will not got wet.

C. If 1 brought my umbrella, I would not get wet.

D. If 1 brought my umbrella, 1 would not got wet.

48. I don’t live with my mother, so that I can’t take care of her.

A. I can’t take care of my mother because of I don’t live with her.

B. Since I don’t live with my mother, I can’t take care of her.

C. Because not living with my mother so I can’t take care of her.

D. Because not live with my mother, 1 can’t take care of her

49. I can’t buy this house because il is quite expensive.

A. If the house is quite expensive, 1 can buy it.

 B. If the house is not quite cheap, 1 will buy it.

C. If the house wasn’t quite expensive, 1 couldn't buy it.

D. None is correct

50. I wrote a letter to my neighbours because they littered near my house.

A. Because of littering near my house, I wrote a letter to my neighbours.

B. Because of littering near my house, my neighbours wrote me a letter.

C. Since littering near my house, I wrote a letter to my neighbours.

D. I wrote a letter to my neighbours due to the fact that they tittered near my house.

_____The end____