3 Torsion
3 Torsion
3 Torsion
MECHANICS OF
3 MATERIALS
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
Torsion
Contents
Introduction
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MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
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MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
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MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
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MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
• Unlike the normal stress due to axial loads, the distribution of shearing
stresses due to torsional loads can not be assumed uniform.
Axial Shear Components
• Torque applied to shaft produces
shearing stresses on the faces
perpendicular to the axis.
The slats slide with respect to each other when equal and opposite torques are
applied to the ends of the shaft.
Shaft Deformations
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MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
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MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
Shearing Strain
• It follows that L or
L
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MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
max c
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MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
J 12c4 The shearing stress varies linearly with the radial position in the
section.
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MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
Normal Stresses
• Elements with faces parallel and
perpendicular to the shaft axis are subjected to
shear stresses only. Normal stresses, shearing
stresses or a combination of both may be
found for other orientations.
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MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
• Consider
an element
at 45o to
the shaft
axis,
A
F 2max 0 cos45 max A0 2
45o FA maxA0A02 2 max
• Element a
is in pure shear.
• Element c is subjected to a tensile stress on
two faces and compressive stress on the other
two.
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MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
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MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
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MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
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MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
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MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
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MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
c
min 1 min 45mm
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MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
c 38.910 3m
d 2c 77.8mm
max c2 86.2MPa 60mm max 86.2MPa
min 64.7MPa min 64.7MPa
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MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
max max
Tc
G JG
• Equating the expressions for shearing strain and solving for the angle of
twist,
TL
JG
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MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
Problem 3.35
The electric motor exerts a 500 N.m-torque on the aluminum shaft ABCD
when it is rotating at a constant speed. Knowing that G = 27 GPa and that
the torques exerted on pulleys B and C are as shown, determine the angle of
twist between (a) B and C, (b) B and D.
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MECHANICS OF MATERIALS Beer • Johnston • DeWolf
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