Document No.

ESQUARE ENERGY EQUIPMENTS PVT.LTD.

D41, Developed Plots, Industrial Estate, Thuvakudi, Thiruchirappali -

EE:ENGG-UT 00/Rev.0
620015.
Date : 15.11.2021

PROCEDURE FOR ULTRASONIC

EXAMINATION OF RODS AND TUBES

INDEX

Page 1 of 8
 Document No.
ESQUARE ENERGY EQUIPMENTS PVT.LTD.

D41, Developed Plots, Industrial Estate, Thuvakudi, Thiruchirappali -

EE:ENGG-UT 00/Rev.0
620015.
Date : 15.11.2021

PROCEDURE FOR ULTRASONIC

EXAMINATION OF RODS AND TUBES

1.0 SCOPE
This procedure establishes requirements for Ultrasonic Testing (UT) of Rods &
Tubes materials by manual, contact pulse echo method. This is applicable for
Martensitic (SS 410), Austenitic steel (304L), PH steels (17-4 PH) & Non Ferrous
(Aluminum Bronze) Forged & proof Machined bars and Rings.

2.0 REFERENCE
This procedure is based on the following
a) ASME Section V, Article 5 (2021 Edition)
b) PP-P-2012 & PP-E-1214
c) QAD-NDT-PPROC-UT-03 Rev.03
d) ASTM A 745
e) P.O. NO.CMM/NAPS/III/24308/PO-32220 date: 02/03/2021 & ANNEXURE 1

3.0 EQUIPMENT & ACCESSORIES

UT Equipment
A pulse-echo UT instrument capable of generating frequencies from 2 MHz to 5
MHz shall be used. Screen height linearity and Amplitude control linearity shall be
checked before starting any job as per ASME SEC V
Probe
Depending on the application following transducers shall be used, size and
frequency of the probes are given in TABLE 1.
a) NORMAL PROBE & Dual Crystal (TR) Probe (for RODS).
b) Angle beam probes: 45° probe frequency: 2 MHz – 4MHz (for RINGS).

Reference and Calibration blocks

a) IIW V1, V2 blocks shall be used for screen distance range calibration, beam exit
point and measurement of actual angle of probe.
b) UT for Rods shall be carried out in accordance with specification ASTM A745
using straight beam with sensitivity of 3 mm flat bottom hole in both axial and
radial directions.
c) After machining to Rings, UT shall be carried out using angle beam with 3%
notch sensitivity in circumferential direction (both clockwise & anti clockwise).
d) For shuttle tube after ID machining UT shall be carried-out using angle beam with
3% notch sensitivity in circumferential and axial direction (both CW & CCW)
e) Ref. Calibration notches on the raw material shall be used to establish primary
reference level/ Distance amplitude correction curve for examination &
evaluation.
f) For Al. Bronze Rings, both (b) & (c) shall be carried out.
Page 2 of 8
 Document No.
ESQUARE ENERGY EQUIPMENTS PVT.LTD.

D41, Developed Plots, Industrial Estate, Thuvakudi, Thiruchirappali -

EE:ENGG-UT 00/Rev.0
620015.
Date : 15.11.2021

PROCEDURE FOR ULTRASONIC

EXAMINATION OF RODS AND TUBES

g) For SS 304L & SS 410 Rings, both (b) & (c) shall be carried out.
h) For SS 304L Rods, (b) shall be carried out.
i) For 17-4PH rods (used for shuttle tubes), Straight beam examination
in Radial direction & Angle beam examination in Axial Direction shall
be carried out.
j) For 17-4PH tubes, (ID machined), (d) shall be carried out.
k) For 17-4PH rods (used for bumper & nose piece), (b) & (c) shall be carried out.
4.0 COUPLANT

Oil, grease, glycerin, water or cellulose paste shall be used as couplant. Select a
suitable couplant based on the surface conditions and orientation; roughness and
non- horizontal conditions require a more viscous couplant.

5.0 SURFACE CONDITION

The scanning surface shall be neat & clean, free of dirt, scale, grease paint and other
foreign materials. The surface finish shall be better than 3 µm. Excessive surface
roughness and scratches which interferes with free movement of search unit shall be
removed.

6.0 PERSONNEL QUALIFICATION

Scanning shall be carried out by personnel qualified as per ASNT – SNT-TC-1A UT Level II.
7.0 SCAN DIRECTIONS

Circumferential scanning shall be done in both directions. Axial scanning shall be

done in two opposite directions.

Scanning speed shall be less than 150 mm/ sec. Minimum overlap shall be 10% of
probe size. Signal to Noise ratio shall be at least 3:1 when the notch is picked up by
the search unit and also during scanning.

8.0 CALIBRATION

Reference standard shall be of the same nominal diameter and thickness and the
same nominal composition and heat treatment as the material being examined and
should be of sufficient length to establish efficient calibration facility and the
maximum scanning speed.

NORMAL PROBE
A sketch of the block is provided in Sketch 1, part of Annexure 1.
Probe size, frequency & angle are mentioned in Table 1.

Page 3 of 8
 Document No.
ESQUARE ENERGY EQUIPMENTS PVT.LTD.

D41, Developed Plots, Industrial Estate, Thuvakudi, Thiruchirappali -

EE:ENGG-UT 00/Rev.0
620015.
Date : 15.11.2021

PROCEDURE FOR ULTRASONIC

EXAMINATION OF RODS AND TUBES

ANGLE PROBE
A sketch of the block is provided in Sketch 2, part of Annexure 1.
Probe size, freq, angle mentioned in Table 1.

For circumferential scanning, the reference standard shall have axial rectangular
notches on the inside and outside surfaces. Rectangular Notches of 30 mm
maximum surface length, width not greater than twice its depth not greater than the
larger of 0.1 mm or 3% of the nominal wall thickness.

For axial scanning the reference standard shall have a transverse (circumferential)
notch on the inner and outer surfaces. Dimensions of the transverse notches shall be
same as that of longitudinal notches. Using the calibration standard adjust the
equipment to produce clearly identifiable indications from both the inner and outer
surface notches. The relative response from the inner and outer surface notches
shall be as nearly equal as possible by probe selection. Use the lesser of the two
responses to establish the rejection level.

If the inner and outer surface notch amplitude cannot be made equal because of test
metal distance and inside diameter curvature, make DAC curve using inner and
outer surface notches to establish separate rejection levels for flaws clearly
identifiable as located at the inner and outer surfaces.

9.0 EXAMINATION
Examination shall be conducted on the proof machined product. Scanning shall be
done at +6 dB above calibration dB, and recording / evaluation shall be carried out
at calibration / reference dB.
10.0 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
All indications that are equal to or greater than the rejection level established during
calibration shall be considered unacceptable.

11.0 CHECKING –CALIBRATION OF EQUIPMENT

Calibrations, DAC shall be verified:
a) At the start of examination
b) At least every 4 hrs during examination.
c) At the finish of the examination.
d) At any time that malfunctioning is suspected. If during any check, equipment
is to be not functioning properly all the products that has been checked since
last valid equipment calibration shall be re-examined
e) Substitution of any of the following:
f) Search unit, cable, power source, couplant, UT instrument, and operator.

Page 4 of 8
 Document No.
ESQUARE ENERGY EQUIPMENTS PVT.LTD.

D41, Developed Plots, Industrial Estate, Thuvakudi, Thiruchirappali -

EE:ENGG-UT 00/Rev.0
620015.
Date : 15.11.2021

PROCEDURE FOR ULTRASONIC

EXAMINATION OF RODS AND TUBES

12.0 REPORTING
The report shall include at least the following information. Identification of the
material, type, size, lot, heat.
Identification of the examination equipment and accessories. Name &
Qualifications of UT operator and reviewing Engineer.
Details of examination technique , including examination speed and testing
frequency. Dimensions of the artificial discontinuities.
Description of the calibration standard with sketches, including the actual
(measured)
Description of the distance – amplitude correction procedure if used, Examination results and
method of eliminating defects (details of re-work/repair etc).
Calibration data and examination results shall be entered in the Proforma provided as
Annexure 2.

13.0 POST EXAMINATION CLEANING

After the examination the test surface shall be thoroughly cleaned free from
grease, oil etc using dry cloth, acetone etc.

14.0 DOCUMENTATION

The complete record of the UT examination shall be issued to all concerned

personnel as per the P.O. requirements and one copy shall be maintained at
concerned QA office record section.

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 Document No.
ESQUARE ENERGY EQUIPMENTS PVT.LTD.

D41, Developed Plots, Industrial Estate, Thuvakudi, Thiruchirappali -

EE:ENGG-UT 00/Rev.0
620015.
Date : 15.11.2021

PROCEDURE FOR ULTRASONIC

EXAMINATION OF RODS AND TUBES

TABLE 1
NORMAL PROBE
SL NO MODEL SIZE FREQUENCY ANGLE
1 MB2SN D 10 2MHz 0°
TR PROBE (DUEL PROBE)
2 MSEB4H D 10 4MHz 0°
ANGLE PROBE
3 MWB 45 8/9 4MHz 45°

Notes: All the probes as above or it’s equivalents shall be used.

ANNEXURE 1

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 Document No.
ESQUARE ENERGY EQUIPMENTS PVT.LTD.

D41, Developed Plots, Industrial Estate, Thuvakudi, Thiruchirappali -

EE:ENGG-UT 00/Rev.0
620015.
Date : 15.11.2021

PROCEDURE FOR ULTRASONIC

EXAMINATION OF RODS AND TUBES

Page 7 of 8
 Document No.
ESQUARE ENERGY EQUIPMENTS PVT.LTD.

D41, Developed Plots, Industrial Estate, Thuvakudi, Thiruchirappali -

EE:ENGG-UT 00/Rev.0
620015.
Date : 15.11.2021

PROCEDURE FOR ULTRASONIC

EXAMINATION OF RODS AND TUBES

ANNEXURE 2

ULTRASONIC EXAMINATATION REPORT

REPORT NO. DATE OF TESTING

REFERENCE PROCEDURE NO. WORK ORDER NO.

REFERENCE CODE NO.

MATERIAL DESCRIPTION

MATERIAL DIMENSIONS
IDENTIFICATION SURFACE MACHINED/ROLLED/WELDED
CONDITION
INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION
INSTRUMENT USED( MACHINE No., MAKE etc.)
SEARCH UNIT COUPLANT OIL / WATER

CALIBRATION

RANGE CALIBRATION
CALIBRATION STANDARD SENSITIVITY
METHOD
&TECHNIQUE
EXAMINATION

SCANNING
EXAMINATION STARTED AT HRS. CLOSED AT HRS
CALIBRATION 1. Hrs 2. Hrs 3. Hrs
RE-CHECKED AT
OBSERVATION OF 1. 2. 3.
RE-CALIBRATION
CHECK

OBSERVATION

EVALUATION

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