HM 260 Characteristics of Nozzles Gunt 830 PDF - 1 - en GB

gunt
HM 260
Characteristics of nozzles
Learning objectives/experiments
• determining the critical pressure ratio

• demonstration of the “choking effect”
• determining flow velocity in the narrow-
est cross-section
• measurement of the reaction or action
force of the flowing fluid
• determine nozzle efficiency by thrust
Description
• force effects in nozzle flow HM 260 offers two experiment layouts In the second experiment layout, the
• determining the nozzle efficiency for nozzles, in which either the occurring baffle plate is inserted into the force
• four convergent-divergent nozzles action force or reaction force of the fluid measuring device and the nozzle is posi-
with different area ratios, one is considered. Characteristics such as tioned above the baffle plate. The posi-
convergent nozzle and one baffle flow velocity and nozzle efficiency are tion of the nozzle is adjustable, so that
plate measured. In addition, the “choking ef- the distance between the nozzle and the
fect” is demonstrated, where the mass baffle plate can be varied. The flow at
Fluids are accelerated in nozzles, while flow stops increasing upon reaching the the nozzle outlet impacts against the
the pressure decreases. When using critical pressure ratio. Air is used as a baffle plate and the action force (impact
compressible fluids (e.g. air) very high compressible fluid. force) of the fluid is detected by the de-
speeds can be achieved by this process, formation of the bending beam.
often in the supersonic range. Nozzles In the first experiment layout to determ-
are used in steam turbines, in injector ine the reaction force, a nozzle is inser- Pressures and mass flow are also de-
devices, in supersonic aircraft and rock- ted into the force measuring device. The tected in addition to the force. The tem-
ets. The impact forces or thrust (action force measuring device consists of a peratures are also measured, in order
or reaction force) occurring in the fluid bending beam, whose deformation is to determine the mass flow precisely.
is referred to when designing the shape measured electronically. The air pres- Four convergent-divergent and one con-
of nozzles. sure upstream and downstream of the vergent nozzle as well as a baffle plate
nozzle can be adjusted. Compressed air are available for experiments.
flows through the nozzle and the occur-
ring reaction force (thrust) of the fluid is
measured.
G.U.N.T. Gerätebau GmbH, Hanskampring 15-17, D-22885 Barsbüttel, Telefon (040) 67 08 54-0, Fax (040) 67 08 54-42, Email [email protected], Web www.gunt.de
We reserve the right to modify our products without any notifications. Page 1/3 - 10.2022
gunt
HM 260
Specification
[1] detect impact force or thrust at nozzle to determ-

ine the flow velocity and nozzle efficiency
[2] experiment layout A: measuring reaction force
(thrust) of the fluid at the nozzle
[3] experiment layout B: measuring action force of the
fluid at the baffle plate
[4] air intake adaptable according to the experiment
layout
[5] distance between baffle plate and nozzle can be ad-
justed
[6] compressed air regulator for adjusting the pres-
sure downstream of the nozzle
[7] needle valve on the flow meter for adjusting the
back pressure
1 display for temperature, 2 display for pressure, 3 display for force, 4 pressure regulator, [8] measuring reaction or action force of the nozzle by
5 air intake, 6 air outlet, 7 compressed air connection, 8 valve for adjusting the mass flow, deformation of the bending beam
9 measuring section, 10 air intake, 11 rotameter
[9] 5 nozzles with different contours (4 convergent-di-
vergent, 1 convergent) and 1 baffle plate
[10] instruments: manometer and digital temperature
display upstream and downstream of the nozzle, as
well as rotameter
Technical data
Air consumption of the experimental unit

• compressed air: max. 10bar
• air consumption: approx. 5g/s
5 nozzles, brass
• 4x convergent-divergent
• 1x convergent
• diameter, all nozzles: 2mm
• length, divergent nozzles: 3,6 to 15,8mm
Experiment layout A measuring reaction force (thrust) and B measuring action force
(impact force): 1 baffle plate, 2 nozzle, 3 force; Compressed air regulator
T temperature, P pressure, Q flow rate, F force • control range: 0…8,6bar
Measuring ranges
• temperature: 0…100°C
• pressure: 2x 0…10bar
• mass flow rate: 0,7…8,3g/s
• force: 0…2N
230V, 50Hz, 1 phase

230V, 60Hz, 1 phase; 120V, 60Hz, 1 phase
UL/CSA optional
LxWxH: 790x460x810mm
Weight: approx. 35kg
Required for operation
compressed air: min. 6bar, 2500L/h

Reaction force (thrust) at the nozzle
blue overall thrust, red force from motive force (mass flow*velocity), pout/pin critical Scope of delivery
pressure ratio, F force
1 experimental unit
5 nozzles
1 baffle plate
1 set of instructional material
gunt
HM 260
Optional accessories
020.30009 WP 300.09 Laboratory trolley
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gunt

• determining the critical pressure ratio

[1] detect impact force or thrust at nozzle to determ-

Air consumption of the experimental unit

230V, 50Hz, 1 phase

Required for operation

compressed air: min. 6bar, 2500L/h

020.30009 WP 300.09 Laboratory trolley

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