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    Verilog is a hardware description language used to model digital circuits. It allows designers to describe a circuit's structure, data flow, and behavior. Key benefits include being an industry standard, enabling efficient design and verification of complex systems, and promoting reusability. Verilog supports structural, dataflow, and behavioral modeling styles at different levels of abstraction. It also provides constructs for modules, wires, registers, always blocks, conditional statements, and other advanced concepts like parameterization and hierarchy. Simulation is used to test designs before synthesis converts the Verilog into hardware.

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    DSD Report

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    Verilog is a hardware description language used to model digital circuits. It allows designers to describe a circuit's structure, data flow, and behavior. Key benefits include being an industry standard, enabling efficient design and verification of complex systems, and promoting reusability. Verilog supports structural, dataflow, and behavioral modeling styles at different levels of abstraction. It also provides constructs for modules, wires, registers, always blocks, conditional statements, and other advanced concepts like parameterization and hierarchy. Simulation is used to test designs before synthesis converts the Verilog into hardware.

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    Verilog is a hardware description language used to model digital circuits. It allows designers to describe a circuit's structure, data flow, and behavior. Key benefits include being an industry standard, enabling efficient design and verification of complex systems, and promoting reusability. Verilog supports structural, dataflow, and behavioral modeling styles at different levels of abstraction. It also provides constructs for modules, wires, registers, always blocks, conditional statements, and other advanced concepts like parameterization and hierarchy. Simulation is used to test designs before synthesis converts the Verilog into hardware.

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    11 views14 pages

    DSD Report

    Uploaded by

    22051774
    Verilog is a hardware description language used to model digital circuits. It allows designers to describe a circuit's structure, data flow, and behavior. Key benefits include being an industry standard, enabling efficient design and verification of complex systems, and promoting reusability. Verilog supports structural, dataflow, and behavioral modeling styles at different levels of abstraction. It also provides constructs for modules, wires, registers, always blocks, conditional statements, and other advanced concepts like parameterization and hierarchy. Simulation is used to test designs before synthesis converts the Verilog into hardware.

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    of 14

    DIGITAL SYSTEM DESIGN

    Introduction to Verilog HDL

    Introduction

    Verilog, standardized as IEEE 1364, is a hardware description language used to model electronic

    systems. It is most commonly used in the design and verification of digital circuits at the

    register-transfer level of abstraction.


    Importance of Verilog HDL in Digital Design

    ● Industry Standard
    Verilog has become the industry standard for digital design and verification.

    ● Design and Verification


    Verilog HDL allows for efficient design and verification of complex digital systems.

    ● Reusability and Modularity


    Verilog HDL promotes reusability and modularity, enabling faster development and
    easier mainenance.

    2
    Verilog HDL vs. Traditional Programming Languages

    Now, if we will talk about the verilog comparison with any traditional
    programming language we will see that-

    Hardware Description
    Verilog HDL is specially designed for hardware description and digital
    circuit modeling unlike any Traditional Programming Language.

    Parallel Execution
    Verilog HDL allows for parallel execution while Traditional
    Programming Language is sequential.

    3
    Timing and Synchronization
    Verilog HDL provides precise control over timing and
    synchronization, unlike any Traditional Programming Language.

    Different Types Of Verilog HDL

    Now , if we will talking about its various type…the verilog is comprised of three
    types-

    ● Structural Modeling

    ● Data-flow Modeling

    ● Behavioral Modeling

    Let’s define them-

    Structural Modeling-

    It is the most basic type of Verilog modeling. It is used to describe the physical
    structure of a digital circuit by using primitive gates and predefined modules.
    Structural modeling is the most efficient type of Verilog modeling, but it can be the
    most difficult to write.

    DataFlow Modeling-

    4
    It is a more abstract type of Verilog modeling. It is used to describe the behavior of
    a digital circuit by using conditional statements and assignment statements.
    Dataflow modeling is easier to write than structural modeling, but it can be less
    efficient.

    Behavioral Modeling-

    It is the most abstract type of Verilog modeling. It is used to describe the behavior
    of a digital circuit by using a combination of conditional statements, assignment
    statements, and procedural statements. Behavioral modeling is the easiest type of
    Verilog modeling to write, but it can be the least efficient.

    The following are examples of each type of Verilog modeling:


    (Implementing FULL ADDER)

    ● Structural modeling:

    module full_adder (
    input a,
    input b,
    input cin,
    output sum,
    output cout);
    wire half_adder_sum;
    wire half_adder_cout;
    half_adder (a, b, half_adder_sum, half_adder_cout);
    xor (sum, half_adder_sum, cin);
    and (cout, half_adder_cout, cin);
    endmodule

    ● Dataflow modeling:

    module full_adder (

    5
    input a,
    input b,
    input cin,
    output sum,
    output cout);
    assign sum = (a ^ b) ^ cin;
    assign cout = (a & b) | (a & cin) | (b & cin);
    endmodule

    ● Behavioral modeling:

    module full_adder (
    input a,
    input b,
    input cin,
    output sum,
    output cout);
    reg half_adder_sum;
    reg half_adder_cout;
    always @ (a, b) begin
    {half_adder_sum, half_adder_cout} = a + b;
    end
    always @ (a, b, cin) begin
    sum = (half_adder_sum ^ b) ^ cin;
    cout = (a & b) | (a & cin) | (b & cin);
    end
    endmodule

    Verilog HDL Simulation and Synthesis

    It consists of three parts-


    1. SIMULATION
    2. SYNTHESIS
    3. VERIFICATION

    Defining them

    ● Simulation-Verilog HDL can be used to simulate the behavior of a


    digital system before implementation.

    ● Synthesis-Verilog HDL can be synthesized to generate a hardware


    description that can be implemented in silicon.

    6
    ● Verification-Verilog HDL allows for the verification of digital designs
    through the use of testbenches and assertions.

    Verilog HDL Design Flow

    It consists of three parts-


    1. DESIGN SPECIFICATION
    2. DESIGN ENTRY
    3. SIMULATION AND VERIFICATION

    Defining them-

    ● Design specification-Define the specifications and requirements


    of the digital system using Verilog HDL.

    ● Design entry-Write the Verilog HDL code to describe the


    behavior, data flow, and structure of the digital system.

    ● Simulation and verification-Simulate and verify the functionality


    and performance of the digital system using testbenches and
    assertions.

    Commonly used Verilog HDL Constructs

    1. Module- Defines the top-level entity in Verilog HDL.


    Example-
    module mux_2to1 (
    input wire a,
    input wire b,
    input wire select,
    output wire y);

    7
    assign y = (select == 1'b0) ? a : b;
    endmodule

    2. Wire- Defines a net for connecting modules.


    Example-
    module WireExample;
    // Declare a 4-bit input bus
    reg [3:0] input_bus;
    // Declare a 4-bit output bus
    wire [3:0] output_bus;
    // Assign the wire to the input bus
    assign output_bus = input_bus;
    // Your logic goes here (you can manipulate input_bus)

    3. Reg- Defines a register for storing data.


    Example-
    module RegExample;
    // Declare a 4-bit register
    reg [3:0] my_reg;
    // Initial block to initialize the register
    initial begin
    // Assign a value to the register
    my_reg = 4'b1010;
    // Display the initial value
    $display("Initial value of my_reg: %b", my_reg);
    end
    // Always block to simulate some logic that modifies the register
    always @(posedge clk) begin
    // Example: Increment the register on each positive clock edge
    my_reg <= my_reg + 1;
    end
    endmodule

    4. Always- Defines a procedural block that executes continuously.


    Example-module AlwaysExample;

    8
    // Declare a 4-bit input bus
    reg [3:0] input_bus;

    // Declare a clock signal


    reg clk;

    // Declare a 4-bit output bus


    reg [3:0] output_bus;

    // Always block triggered by positive edge of the clock


    always @(posedge clk) begin
    // Sequential logic: Increment the output_bus on each clock edge
    output_bus <= input_bus + 1;
    end

    endmodule

    5. If-else- Conditional statement for making decisions.


    Example-module IfElseExample;

    // Declare a 4-bit input bus


    reg [3:0] input_bus;

    // Declare a 4-bit output bus


    reg [3:0] output_bus;

    // Always block triggered by positive edge of the clock


    always @(posedge clk) begin
    // Example: Check if the input is greater than 8
    if (input_bus > 8) begin
    // If true, set the output to the input minus 1
    output_bus <= input_bus - 1;
    end else begin
    // If false, set the output to the input plus 1
    output_bus <= input_bus + 1;
    end
    end
    endmodule

    9
    SOME ADVANCED VERILOG CONCEPTS

    There are mainly three concepts-

    1. PARAMETERIZATION

    2. HIERARCHICAL DESIGN

    3. TIMING AND SYNCHRONIZATION

    Explaining them-

    ● Parameterization- Engineers often use parameterized modules to


    create flexible and scalable designs. This allows them to instantiate
    modules with varying sizes and configurations, enhancing reusability.

    ● Hierarchical design- The concept of hierarchy is crucial in managing


    the complexity of digital designs. Engineers organize their code in a
    hierarchical manner, breaking down a large system into smaller, more
    manageable modules. This promotes clarity, maintainability, and team
    collaboration.

    ● Timing and synchronization- Engineers employ methodologies


    such as dual-clock FIFOs, synchronizers, and metastability reduction
    circuits to manage data transfers between different clock domains.
    This ensures that data is properly synchronized and avoids issues
    related to clock domain crossing.

    10
    HALF ADDER USING VERILOG HDL

    =(A^B)

    =(A.B)

    11
    Circuit Diagram for HalfAdder

    Simulation of Half Adder

    Let's break down the simulation diagram for a half


    adder:

    1.Input Signals (r_BIT1 and r_BIT2):

    These are your input bits representing the binary


    numbers to be added.
    Input Signals

    12
    In the diagram, you can see that r_BIT1 and r_BIT2
    change their values at different time points. Each
    transition in the input signals may trigger a change in
    the output signals.

    2.Output Signals (w_sum and w_carry):

    w_sum represents the sum of r_BIT1 and r_BIT2.


    w_carry represents the carry-out from the addition.
    Output Signals

    In this part of the diagram, you can observe the


    changes in w_sum and w_carry based on the inputs.
    The transitions in w_sum occur due to the XOR
    operation, and the transitions in w_carry are due to the
    AND operation.

    3.Time Axis:

    The horizontal axis represents time. Each vertical line or


    tick on the axis corresponds to a specific time unit.
    Time progresses from left to right.
    Time Axis

    In the diagram, you can see how the input and output
    signals change at different time points. The simulation

    13
    captures the dynamic behavior of the half adder as it
    processes input bits and produces corresponding sum
    and carry-out bits.

    By examining the simulation diagram, you can


    understand how the half adder responds to different
    input combinations and observe the resulting changes
    in the output signals over time.

    14

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