UNIT - IV

COMPETENCIES:
1.3 Using unfamiliar words in speech/writing.
1.4 Locate words and meanings in the dictionary.
1.5 Identifying words related to the home and immediate sur-
roundings.
2.5 Identifying the elements in a sentence.
2.6 Differentiating transitive and intransitive verbs,
2.7 Defining the elements of a sentence.
2.8 Generating more sentences in each pattern
(SV/SVC/SVO)
3.2 Listening to the teacher’s instructions and carrying them out.
4.3 Answering common questions in the classroom/from real life.
5.4 Scanning a text for specific information.
6.2 Writing a parallel paragraph.
7.2 Abstracting the given information.
9.1 Preparing for a lesson in advance

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 SECTION - A

LISTENING / SPEAKING / DISCUSSION

(3.2,4.3)

I. The teacher will read the following dialogue. Listen

carefully.
KEEP CLEAN

Teacher : Children,Good morning. Do I hear some noise

from the corner? Don’t make so much of noise.
Children : Sorry, Madam.
Teacher : Haven’t you cleaned the board yet? Rani, clean the
board.
(A boy comes late).
Teacher : Try to be on time. Don’t come late.
(The Headmaster enters the class with a tail man)
Headmaster: Here he is.
Teacher : Good morning doctor. How are you? Let me
introduce Dr.Sathya Seelan to you. He has come
to talk to you on personal cleanliness. Just sit
down and be quiet. Close your books and note
books. Listen to him carefully.

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Doctor : Those who know me, put up your hands.
One...two...twelve hands are up. Oh!
That is nice. Do you keep your hands clean?
Priya : I always wash my hands after playing.
Doctor : Wash them before you eat. Wash them after
you’ve been to the toilet.
Sharon : My little brother puts his fingers into his mouth.
Doctor : Yes, babies do that.
Sharon : My mother cuts his nails every week.
Nithya : I brush my teeth every morning.
Doctor : But that’s not enough. Brush your teeth every
night also.
Nithya : At night?
Doctor : Yes, at night, before you go to bed.
Preethi : Thank you doctor for your advice.
Swarna : What exercise do you suggest to keep fit? :
Doctor : Exercise? Good. Cycling, jogging and
swimming are some of the exercises. Take to
some games and play regularly.
Glossary:
clinic - /|klinik/ hospital
dirty - /|d3:ti/ not clean
toilet - /tOilit/ lavatory

II. a. Now practise the dialogue in groups taking roles. Then

the teacher will ask you the following questions. Answer
them orally.
1. What is the dialogue about?
2. What does the doctor want us to keep clean?
3. Who introduces the doctor?
4. Mention two other exercises which will keep you fit.

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5. Why does the doctor want us to brush our teeth before
going to bed?
6. What would happen if we don’t follow the doctor’s
advice?

b. Write down at least two other habits which keep you neat
and tidy.

III. Group work

Answer the following.

1. Name four sports persons from Tamil Nadu.

2. What games do they represent?
3. When did they represent the state or the country?
4. How did you come to know of him/her?
5. Do you admire him/her? Why?

Sit down in groups of five, tabulate your answers and

compare them.

Sports Games/ Representation I admire

person Sports (Country/State) her/
him
because....

Pupil-1

Pupil-2

Pupil-3

Pupil-4

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 SECTION - B
READING AND WRITING
(5.4, 6.2, 3.2)

THE YOUNG ACHIEVER

Some are born great. Some achieve greatness. Some

have greatness thrust upon them. We can at least think of two
youngsters who have achieved greatness. One is Sachin
Tendulkar. He made his debut for India in test cricket when he
was sixteen. He is hailed as the boy wonder of Mumbai. The
other is Kutraleeswaran, the child prodigy from Chennai who
created waves as a swimmer. He was born in the year 1981.

Kutraleeswaran took to swimming when he was in

Standard II. He was drawn towards Marina. He started
practising in the sea. He used to swim for hours together. The
first event he participated was known as the “Rippon Meet”. He
won his first medal and moved to higher levels of competition.
Soon he started participating in various long distance swimming
competitions across the world.

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 Kutraleeswaran swam across the English Channel. That
was his first cross country swimming. He swam the Palk Straits
at a very young age in record time. He reached the pinnacle
when he swam six water ways in the same calendar year. That
was a record of sorts.
That was how his name and picture got into the Guinness
Book of World records. He instantly became popular. He was
invited by many countries. He visited England, Australia,
Turkey and Italy.
He owes his success to two things, namely, practice and
perseverance. Here is an interesting incident. When
Kutraleeswaran went to Italy in 1994, they were impressed by
his performance. They offered Kutraleeswaran all training
facilities, provided he represented their country. He declined the
offer politely because he was an Indian to the core.
Glossary:
debut - /|deibju:/ the first appearance
in sports
hailed - /heild/ praised and called
prodigy - /|prQd@dZi/ person with a remarkable
ability
pinnacle - /|pin@kl/ the highest point
Guinness - /|ginis/ book of world records
instantly - /|inst@ntli/ immediately
perseverance - /p3:si|vi@r@ns/ continuous effort
for an achievement
performance - /p@|fOm@ns/ notable action
core - /kO:/ totally

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I. Comprehension
a Answer the following questions in one or two sentences
each.
1. How did Kutraleeswaran become great?
2. What are the things needed for success in sports and
games?
3. What for did Kutraleeswaran’s name find a place in the
Guinness Book of Records?
4. What happened when Kutraleeswaran became
popular?
5. Why was Kutraleeswaran called a child prodigy?

Consult your friends. Collect atleast two more pieces of

information about Kutraleeswaran and write them down.

b. State whether the following statements are True or

False. If false, rewrite them correctly.
1. Kutraleeswaran was born great.
_________________________________

2. Kutraleeswaran was good only at long distance swimming.

_________________________________

3. Kutraleeswaran became popular in 1994.

_________________________________

4. England is the only foreign country, Kutraleeswaran has

visited.
_________________________________

5. Kutraleeswaran is a child prodigy.

_________________________________

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II. WRITING

Look at the following hints and the paragraph below. It

is on the early achievements of Kutraleeswaran.

Hints:

Kutraleeswaran - young boy - interested in swimming -

- goes to Marina - had practice - swimming in the sea - many
hours - swims across - Palk Strait - 1994 - Italy name included
in Guinness Book of Records.

Paragraph:

Kutraleeswaran was a young boy. He was interested in

swimming. He went to the Marina. He practised swimming in
the sea. He swam for many hours. He swam across the Palk
Strait. He visited Italy in 1994. His name was included in the
Guinness Book of Records.

Read the following hints and write similar paragraphs...

Hints:

1. Viswanathan Anand - Chess Player -age 18 – first

Grandmaster of India -the World Junior title - 1987 -
practises a lot - first non white player to complete the
world final.

2. Harikrishna - Chess Player -age 15 – youngest

grandmaster of India

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 SECTION - C
ACTIVITIES BASED ON SPECIFIC
COMPETENCIES
(1.5, 2.5, 2.6, 2.7, 2.8, 7.2, 9.1)

I. Vocabulary;

Circle the odd word in each of the following sets.

a. stove, table, grinder, tree
b. sunlight, book, window, sofa
c. refrigerator, lamp, road, umbrella
d. plant, bed, street, sand
e. temple, shop, clinic, bath
f. market, verandah, gate, hall
g. bus, car, soap, cycle
h. shelf, dress, lorry, tap
i. flower, leaf, bud, radio
j. television, ground, fan, light

II. Grammar:

Look at the following sentences taken from the Section B.

1. Kutraleeswaran swam in the sea. (Kutraleeswaran

S
swam in the sea.)
V A
2. He was twelve. (He was twelve.)
S V C
3. He bagged gold medals. (He bagged gold medals)
S V O

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The naming words/word which represents the person / thing that
performs the action is called Subject, (eg. Sent. 1 -
Kutraleeswaran)
The action words/word is called Verb. (eg. Sent.l -
swam)
The action word may complete the meaning of the sentence or
may need more words to complete the meaning. If the verb
phrase ends the meaning of the sentence, it is called the
intransitive verb(vi) and the words following them usually
answer the questions - when, where, why and how. These
words are referred to as Adjuncts, (eg. Sent.l - in the sea)
If the verb phrase requires another word/words to
complete the meaning, it is a Complement or an Object as the
case may be.
In English, the ‘be’ verbs (am, is, are, was, were)
and the verbs to seem, to appear, to become’ always take a
complement, (eg. Sent.2 - twelve)
If the action verb is other than those mentioned above
and requires a word to complete the meaning, it is said to be a
transitive verb (vi) . (Some verbs can be either transitive or
intransitive eg. fly, smoke) The words following it may be an
Object - direct or indirect, (eg. Sent.3 gold medals)
NOTE: In “She is a girl,” ‘is’ is a verb.
In “She is reading a letter,” ‘is’ is a part of the verbal
phrase ‘is reading’ and the verb is ‘read’. Is’ is the auxiliary.

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a. Your friend wants to identify the underlined elements of
the sentences in the following paragraph. Help her to do
it.

I went home late. My father was angry. My

mother gave me food. I could not study. I felt
sleepy. I went to bed.

b. Look at the following dialogue. The verbs in them have

been marked transitive (vt) or intransitive (vi).
Tick (P ) them if they are right and correct them if they
are wrong.

(HM’s room)

Headmistress : Good morning. Please come in

vi
and sit down.
vt
Teacher : Thank you, Miss Sumathi has won the
vt
gold medal.

Headmistress : Good. Give her a scholarship. Inform

vi vi
her parents about it.

Teacher : Yes, I will. Thank you, Madam. Let

me go to my class.
vi

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c. Your younger sister has been asked to write a paragraph
describing your mother. She has the following words
about your mother.

kind, affectionate, helpful, beautiful.

Help her to write a sentence using each of them.

d. She has also been asked to write about what she does
every day. She has the following action words on what
your mother does every day.

cooks, washes, teaches, sweeps.

Help her to write four more sentences using them.

III. Study Skills

a.Look at the following extract.

“You know that what is Afghanistan today was then, and

for a long time afterwards, a part of India. The north-west of
India was called Gandhara. All over the north, in the plains of
the Indus and the Ganges, there were big settlements of the
Aryans.”

The basic information in this extract includes the

following three things.

1. Afghanistan was known as Gandhara.

2. Afghanistan was a part of India.
3. There were Aryan settlements all over North India.
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The abstract of this basic information could be rewritten in the
following way.

“There were Aryan settlements all over ancient North

India including Gandhara, the presentt Afghanistan”.

NOTE : In abstracting information, the details not relevant to the

basic idea may be omitted. For example, the mention of
the plains of the Indus and Ganges is not relevant to the
basic idea. So such details are left out.

Read the following extract. Rewrite the abstrat of it.

A considerable trade flourished between South India and

Europe. All this trade, or most of it, was carried in Indian ships,
manned byDravidians. This will enable youto realize what an
advanced position South India occupied in the ancient world.
Large numbers of Roman coins have been discovered in the
South.

b. Look at your history book.Write down the names of any

four kings of ancient India.

Find out the following.

1. The period of their rule
(From ............... to .............)
2. Their capitals.
3. Their major wars.
4. Their work for the people of India.
Keep it ready for the next lesson.

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 SECTION - D
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES
(1.4, 1.5, 2.5, 2.6, 6.2, 7.2)

I. Listening:
The teacher will read the following instructions.
Follow them and draw accordingly in your note books.

1. Draw a line.
2. Mark A at the left end.
3. Mark B at the right end.
4. Draw a vertical line upwards from B.
5. Mark it ‘C’
6. Extend BC and mark it D.
7. Join AC and extend it.
8. Mark E at the end.

II. VOCABULARY:
a. Use the cues to fill in the blanks and make the words.
Then write them down in the order in which they would
appear in the dictionary.
A person who teaches is a teacher.
Similarly a person who drives a vehicle is a driver.
But there are many people whose job cannot be formed
by adding ‘er’.
1. One who stitches a cloth is a __________________ .
2. One who steers a ship is a ____________________ .
3. One who flies an aircraft is a.
4. One who cures the people of their illness is a________.
5. One who assists the patients in the hospital is a
________.
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eg. 1. ___________
2. ___________
3. ___________
4. ___________
5. ___________

b. Look at the word “beautiful”. Write a word beginning

with each letter in it Refer to the dictionary for their
meaning. Write the words in the alphabetical order along
with the meaning.

eg. 1. army - military fighting on land

2. _____________
3. _____________
4. _____________
5. _____________
6. _____________
7. _____________
8. _____________
9. _____________
10. _____________

III. GRAMMAR:
a. Your teacher has given the following paragraph to
identify the elements (S, V,C,O,A). Your classmates have
answered it. Look at the answer. If your classmate’s
answer is correct, tick (P) it If it is wrong, correct it.
I am a teacher. I live in Ambattur. I teach English and
SV A SV C VS O
Maths.
I like my students. They do their homework regularly.
OV S S C V A

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b. Read the following paragraph. Identify the transitive (vt)
and intransitive (vi) verbs in them and list them in the
table.

The crow is a beautiful bird. It is black. It eats grains

and nuts. It also likes meat. It flies high. It cries
“Caw.... Caw....”,

transitive verbs (vt) intransitive verbs (vi)

c. You can describe a person using ‘be’ verbs.

eg. Raja is a doctor. He is tall. He is also fat. Yet, he is

handsome.

Write a paragraph describing your father. You may use some of

the following words.

short/tall, fat/slim, busy, affectionate, rich/poor.

IV. WRITING

Have you heard of Rakesh Sharma? He was the first

Indian to go into space. Write a short paragraph about him
using the words given below.

born in Patiala - pilot in Indian Air Force - goes into

space in 1984 - spends seven days in space - becomes popular
in India.
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 SECTION – E
The Postman

The whistling postman swings along

His bag is deep and wide,
And messages from all the world
Are bundled up inside.
The postman’s walking up our street,
Soon now he’ll ring my bell.
Perhaps there’ll be a letter stamped
In Asia. Who can tell?
- Anon
Glossary:
swings - /|swiNz/ moves forward and backward
message - /|mesidZ/ information
stamped - /st{mpt/ having an official mark
anon - /@|nQn/ not known

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I. Answer each of the following questions in a sentence or
two:
1. Why is the postman called a whistling postman?
2. What are bundled up inside the bag?
3. Why is his bag deep and wide?
4. What will the postman do at the doorstep?
5. What does the poet expect from the postman?

II. Match the following and rewrite them. The first answer
is done for you.
1. stamped bundled up
2. whistling deep and wide
3. messages letter
4. bag postman

Example: 1. stamped letter

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