Systems Plus College Foundation Educ104

Mc. Arthur Highway, 2024 Balibago Angeles City

Student: BORLADO, KRIESHA MARY O. Date of Observation: March 27-31, 2023

Time: 7:00 am – 2:30 pm Cooperating School: Systems Plus College Foundation_
Resource Teacher: Ms. Roda Paragas Signature: _______________

Module 1: The Teacher and The Curriculum

Activity 1: Observing a Curriculum in a Classroom

Visit a classroom other than your own with permission from the teacher.

Do the two activities:

1. Observe the classroom situation.

2. Interview the teacher.

Focus your observation and interview on the presence or absence of the seven types of
curricula and their descriptions.

3. Record your observation and interview on the matrix provided.

Guide questions for Observation and Interview

1. What curricula are present in the classroom from my observation?

The curricula that are present in the classroom from my
observation are the recommended curricula, taught curricula,
written and learned curricula.
2. What curricula are present in the classroom from my interview?
3. How do I describe what I observed? interviewed?
Based on my observations, the teacher has a great understanding
of the lesson and has great planner and supporter because she
teaches the lesson clearly and the students clearly understand
the lessons.

4. Is there a type of curricula not present in the classroom? Identify.

For me, there’s no curricula that are not present in the
classroom.

THE TEACHER AND THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM

Types of What observation/information did I get? or What answers did I get
Curriculum from my interview?

1. Recommended Almost curricula are found in the online class and face
to face class.

2. Written All the lessons are proper and mostly the activities
and quizzes are written.

3. Taught It is when a teacher initiates group activities before

starting a new lesson.

4. Supported All the lessons are based on their textbooks.

5. Assessed The teacher always assessed the students to confidently

answer the activities after the discussion.

6. Learned Students possess different skills or expertise in each

different activities.

7. Hidden There is no hidden curriculum.

Self-Reflect

Is it necessary for teachers to learn about school curriculum?

Why? Write your answer in the space provided below.

Yes, curriculum management is one of the most important functions

of a teacher. It is necessary for all teachers to be familiar
with school curricula. There are many aspects that make up a
curriculum, including how it is written, what materials are
included and how much autonomy is given to teachers in creating
and managing their own programs.

THE TEACHER AND THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM

Activity 2: The Teacher as a Curricularist

Let’s Do a Simple Survey

In this activity you will gather information direct from teachers to find out what curriculum
activities they are involved in:

Step 1- Look for at least 10 teachers coming from one or different schools and are currently
teaching either in the private or public schools.

Step 3- With the use of the Teacher Survey Tool below, conduct the survey during your
observation schedule.

The Teacher as a Curricularist Survey Tool

Name of Teacher: Grade Level Assignment:

School: No of Years Teaching:
Degree Graduated:

Step 4- Consolidate the data of 10 teachers.

THE TEACHER AND THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM

Module 2: The Teacher as a Knower of Curriculum
Activity 1: Traditional or Progressive: What is your View of Curriculum?

1. What is your own definition of a curriculum? Write down your answer in the space
provided.

Curriculum is the content and process of educating students. It's

what you learn in each class, subject or course that helps you
meet a specific goal. Curriculum refers to an interactive system
of instruction and learning with specific goals, contents,
strategies, measurement, resources and assessment for each
student.

2. Do you have a traditional view of a curriculum, a progressive view or both? Explain

your view based on your definition.

A traditional curriculum is less open-ended, while progressive

curriculum provides more hands-on research and a chance to learn
things in the field.

Label the description/definition on the left with either Traditional (T), or Progressive (P).

No. Description (T) (P)

1 Teachers are required to teach the book from cover to cover. ✓

2 If the learners can memorize the content, then the curriculum is best. ✓
3 Children are given opportunity to play outdoors. ✓
4 Parents send children to a military type school with rigid discipline. ✓
5 Teachers are reluctant to teach beyond the written curriculum. ✓
6 Prerequisites to promotion for the next grade are skills in reading, writing and ✓
arithmetic only.

7 Teachers provide varied experiences for the children. ✓

8 Learning can only be achieved in schools. ✓
9 It is the systematic arrangement of contents in the course syllabus. ✓

THE TEACHER AND THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM

10 Co-curricular activities are planned for all to participate. ✓

Self-Reflect

Pick up a daily newspaper and read today’s headline. Choose one and reflect on this headline
that relates to curriculum and to your becoming a curricularist. Write your answer in at least two
paragraphs.

According to this news, however,

teachers are still necessary for this
new generation of students. It has
been shown that there might be a
decline in the curriculum because of
various reasons. Teachers are still
very much needed in distance
learning programs. According to
this piece, sources say that
they're essential to the success of new online learning
modalities. This news article also says that you can take self-
learning modules online, which is a great way to learn on your
own time and at your own pace. Or you could take an online course
and learn fun things like cooking or foreign languages. Distance
learning gives people the chance to explore subjects they would
never have been able to before. As a future teacher, I think it
is best to apply the 7 multi-faceted work such as knowing,
writing, planning, implementing, innovating, initiating, and
evaluating the curriculum in order to provide good quality of
learning to students even despite the pandemic.

Activity 2: Comparison of the Three Models

THE TEACHER AND THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM

Instruction: Determine the similarities and differences of the three models of Curriculum
Development Process.

How are the models similar?

Similar Tyler’s Taba’s Saylor & Alexander

Features

Tyler ________________ Tyler and Taba’s model Tyler and Saylor

are similar in a way and Alexander’s
that both has model are similar
considerations to that both has
follow in examining the considerations to
needs of the students follow in
as well as there’s an examining the
evaluation at the end. needs of the
students as well
as there’s an
evaluation at the
end.

Taba Taba and Tyler’s Taba and Saylor

model are similar and Alexander’s
that both has model are similar
considerations to that both has
follow in considerations to
examining the follow in
needs of the examining the
students or needs of the
society as well as students or
there’s an society as well as
evaluation at the there’s an
end. evaluation at the
end.

Saylor Saylor and Saylor and Alexander

& Alexander Alexander and and Taba’s model are
Tyler’s model are similar that both has
similar that both considerations to
has considerations follow in examining the
to follow in needs of the students
examining the or society as well as
needs of the there’s an evaluation

THE TEACHER AND THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM

 students or at the end.
society as well as
there’s an
evaluation at the
end.

Comment:

All the models utilized the process of curriculum planning,

curriculum designing, curriculum implementation and curriculum
evaluation. Also, all of the models has considerations to follow and
to be made and as what I have observed, the similarities is that
there’s always an evaluation at the end.

How are the models different?

Similar Tyler’s Taba’s Saylor & Alexander

Features

Tyler ________________ Tyler’s model is Tyler’s model

different from Taba does not only
because it starts the focuses on goals
steps of curriculum and objectives and
development from the domains as
top. considerations on
curriculum
development but
also the
experiences in
relation to the
purpose of the
curriculum unlike
Saylor and
Alexander’s model.

Taba Taba’s grassroot Taba’s model is

approach begins different because
from the bottom it has specified
rather than from each steps toward
the top for which developing a
Tyler proposed. curriculum unluke
Saylor and

THE TEACHER AND THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM

 Alexander’s model
that directly
submits the goals
and objectives to
curriculum
designing without
identifying the
content and
possible
experiences that
the learners
attain.

Saylor Saylor and Saylor and Alexander ‘s

& Alexander Alexander’s model model is different
is different because it directs the
because Tyler’s to the four major steps
model gives while Taba’s model give
consideration to attention to anything
experience. that may interfere the
learning of the
students.

Self-Check

1. Describe the model of curriculum development which you understood best. Write in two
paragraphs.

The model of curriculum development which I understood best in

Tyler’s model the four basic principles. Its illustrious career in
education resulted in major contributions to the policy and practice
of schooling. His influence was especially felt in the field of
testing, where he transformed the idea of measurement into a wider
concept that he called evaluation.

Tyler’s model recognizes a problem in connection with the selection of

learning experiences by a teacher. The problem is that a learning
experience is the interaction between students and her environment.
Learning experiences are to some degree a function of the perceptions,
interests, and previous experiences of the students. But a learning
experience is not totally within the power of the teacher to select.
Tyler’s model maintains that the teacher controls the learning
experience through manipulation of the environment resulting in

THE TEACHER AND THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM

stimulating situations sufficient to evoke the desired kind of
learning outcomes.

2. What phase of the curriculum process do you find very important as a teacher? Why?

The curriculum planning phase is by far the most important because

here, you can develop a plan of how to address the issues that need to
be addressed in the curriculum. You can also identify gaps between
knowledge and practice trends emerging from the data and create a
process to prioritize needs within your community. Finally, you can
identify characteristics of your target audience which I believe are
essential when creating a curriculum.

Quick Check! Tag the Person

What significant contribution can you recall about this person?

1. Lev Vygotsky

He encourages teachers to provide more activities to their students, because he believes that
social interaction has a great impact on a child’s learning.

2. Daniel Goleman

He believes that learning is more than just facts and figures. He developed a model that
assesses the emotional intelligence of an individual in order to improve his or her ability to learn.

3. William Kipatrick

He believed that curriculum should develop children through small group activities and social
interaction.

4. Hilda Taba

She encourages students to learn about their different backgrounds through the social studies
curriculum. She believes that learning should be evaluated not only to see what students are
really learning, but also to see what changes might need to be made in their studies.

5. Ralph Tyler

He is well-known for his efforts to find out how students learn best and what changes need to be
made in the curriculum.

6. John Dewey

THE TEACHER AND THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM

He believed that learning should be through doing. He thought that students would be able to
acquire essential knowledge and skills by being involved in activities.

7. Abraham Maslow

He is widely considered to be a very important person in his field. In order to move up in life, you
need to make certain things a priority.

8. Carl Rogers

He stresses that each person has the capability to become and show their true self through
three attributes.

9. Franklin Bobbit

He stresses that curriculum should adapt to the needs of learners and society. It should not be
taught in a way that cannot be applied in real life.

10. Alvin Toffler

He is known for his research on modern technologies that are changing the world.

Self-Reflect

After discussing this lesson, reflect on the following questions.

1. Identify which among the foundations of curriculum, has influenced what you have learned in
school as a college student?

As a math major student, I realized that all courses have a foundation. I believe that this is
wonderful for all students. Examine some of the mathematical concepts underlying the subject,
as well as how they are applied in real-world situations. A further definition of the study of the
foundations of mathematics would be the study of fundamental mathematical principles such as
sets, functions, geometric figures, numbers, and so on."

2. How will the thinking of Abraham Maslow influence your teaching practice in the future?

To achieve academic success, students need to reach Maslow's higher levels of needs. These
include self-esteem, a sense of belonging and feeling they have a purpose. If I can help
students meet these needs by my actions in the classroom, they will be motivated to succeed
academically.

3. Do you agree with Alvin Toffler?

Yes, I agree with Alvin Toffler. He says that the influence of new technology has had a significant
impact on the nature of society, such as the interactions between people and political and
economic organizations. People have to adjust their lifestyles to some extent in order to accept
technological innovation.

THE TEACHER AND THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM

Module 3: The Teacher as a Curriculum Designer

Activity 1: Finding an Example

Instructions: With a partner . . .

1. Secure a copy of a sample Lesson Plan.

2. Using the matrix given below, analyze the sample you secured and give your suggestions
based on the principles and concepts you learned in the lesson.

Components Copy from the Sample Your comment/suggestion

Title of the Lesson Plan A Detailed Lesson Plan in English 9 No suggestions.

Intended Learning At the end of the discussion, the The objectives are well-written
students must be able to: and clearly present the
Outcomes/Objectives cognitive, affective, and
Analyze the proper usage of
psychomotor skills the students
modals expressing ability.
should learn. Furthermore, the
1. Reflect about the different
SMART principle was evident
abilities they possess. in the intended learning
Perform tasks in relation to the outcomes.
song's message.

Content/Subject Matter Topic: Modals expressing Ability The content or subject matter
Reference: De Guzman, Rolando C.; is relevant to the outcomes of
et. the curriculum. It is also
Al (2016) Modal Auxiliaries. The appropriate to the level of
New lesson or unit. However, it
Modern English in Action, Volume lacks a reference that is
26 comprehensive enough to
(Issue no.4). pp. 3-5. (2015, March make it complete.
26). Retrieved March 23, 2018, from
https://www.youtube.com/

THE TEACHER AND THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM

 watchPv=6
6ftVORSf8Y
Materials: Visual Aids, Laptop,
Projector, PowerPoint Presentation,
Speaker, Chalk and Chalkboard
Methods/Strategies A. Preparatory Activities The activities are engaging and
1. Prayer thought provoking, The lesson
2. Greetings plan contains individual and
3. Classroom Conditioning group activities. I have also
observed that the teaching-
4. Checking of Attendance
learning method used in the
B. Motivation
lesson plan flexible and tailored
I have here pictures of several to student needs.
objects.
Your task is to share with us your
abilities by choosing one picture
which is related to your talent.
Before we start our lesson, these are
the learning objectives that we need
to
meet during and after the discussion
today.
At the end of the discussion, the
students must be able to:
Analyze the proper usage of
modals expressing ability.
Reflect about the different
abilities they possess.
Perform tasks in relation to the
song's message.
C. Lesson Proper
Now I have here a song and the lyrics
will be projected on the board. I want
you to listen attentively and ponder
the lyrics with your heart.
We have six kinds of modal verbs:
Modals expressing ability; Modals
expressing permission; Modals
expressing obligation; Modals
expressing recommendation; and

THE TEACHER AND THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM

 Modals expressing possibility. But
today, we will first discuss about
modals expressing ability.
IV. Application
Please go to your respective groups.
For group 1, your task is to think of a
familiar song which helps us realize
our abilities. For group 2, your task is
to make a slogan related to the
message of the song "I Can". For
group 3, you need to present a
tableau
which depicts the message of the
song
"I Can".
Here are the criteria for grading your
presentations:
Content 50%
Creativity 40%
Teamwork 10%
100%
After the performance the teacher
will
announce their grades.

Evaluation/Assessment V. Valuing The students were able to

What have you learned from the song evaluate their own learning and
"I Can"? provide feedback on each
What must you do with these other's learning at the same
time.
abilities?
VI. Think of your unique and best
ability which you can use to achieve
your dreams. Then list down the
unique abilities of each of your
members on a manila paper. Present
it
in front.
These are the criteria:
Content 60%
Creativity 30%

THE TEACHER AND THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM

 Behaviour10%
100%
You have only 5 minutes to prepare
and 2 minutes to present.

Answer briefly:

1. Which one principle of Oliva is reflected in the Lesson Plan? Explain briefly.

This lesson plan was developed following the principles of Dr. Oliva, who taught us that it is
important to develop lessons that look at goals, objectives and outcomes. Each component will
be evaluated for performance in accordance with the systematic procedure outlined for that
component.

2. If you were to improve the design, what will you add, or subtract or modify? Write your re-
design suggestion.

I would improve the design by adding some references from books, modules, and/or
publications. I would also add more activities that focus on the topic, which would integrate
technology into the activities.

Self-Check

Which of the following concepts do you clearly understand? Answer Yes or No to the questions
that follow.

Questions Answer

As a curricularist and curriculum designer . . . Yes or No

1. Do you think curriculum change is inevitable?

2. Does curriculum change not consider the existing one?

3. Should curriculum be designed only by one person?

4. Should any change in curriculum include an evaluation process?

THE TEACHER AND THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM

 5. Does curriculum change mean total overhaul?

6. Should learning outcomes be considered first before the content?

7. Should teaching methods consider only the expertise of the teacher?

8. Are time tested methods like inductive and lecture no longer useful?

9. Should contents be updated and relevant?

10. Is there only one design that a teacher should know?

Self-Reflect

Instructions: Provide answers to the incomplete sentences.

After reading and discussing with my classmates, this lesson on fundamentals of curriculum
designing or crafting a curriculum,

1. I realize that

Before you create a curriculum, you must think about your resources. If the study is needed and
suitable in the present society because it should respond to changes brought about by current
social forces, philosophical positions, psychological principles and new knowledge. It would be
great also if you have plenty of knowledge in crafting a curriculum or if you can adapt multiple
designs.

2. I feel that

You can't just make a curriculum and expect it to work. It takes time, hard work and a lot of
effort. For example, you need to be specific in dealing with the proper arrangement of the
desired curriculum.

3. I need to

In designing a curriculum, I need to be more focused and updated about changes that may
happen in future so that I could still manage to compete with other curriculum designers and
particularly I must learn more since life is a constant learning process.

THE TEACHER AND THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM