SA 22 23 XI XII P1 Mathematics Unit-1 Section-A
SA 22 23 XI XII P1 Mathematics Unit-1 Section-A
SA 22 23 XI XII P1 Mathematics Unit-1 Section-A
1. Answer (1)
z – 1 = cosθ + i sinθ [as |z – 1| = 1]
Now, z = 1 + cosθ + i sinθ
θ θ θ
– 2 sin2 + i 2 sin . cos
z–2 2 2 2 θ
= = i tan
z θ θ θ 2
2 cos 2 + i 2 sin . cos
2 2 2
z – 2
Hence, Re =0
z
2. Answer (1)
7 – 30 – 2 = 7 – 30 2 i
(
= 52 + 3 2 i )2
– 2.5. 3 2 i
(
= 5–3 2i )2
( ) ( )
1
Now, 7 – 30 – 2 2 = ± 5 – 3 2i
3. Answer (3)
(1 – ω4) (1 – ω8) (1 – ω22) (1 – ω44)
= (1 – ω) (1 – ω2) (1 – ω) (1 – ω2)
(
= (1 – ω)2 1 – ω2 )
2
( )(
= 1 + ω2 – 2ω 1 + ω4 – 2ω2 )
= (– 3ω) (– 3 ω ) = 9 2
4. Answer (2)
6i –3i 1
A= 2 3 i
4 3i –1
R1 → R1 + R3
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2 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
6i + 4 0 0
A= 2 3 i = (4 + 6i) (– 3 + 3) = 0
4 3i –1
⇒ x = 0, y = 0
5. Answer (4)
2
1
29
i 23 +
i
[
= i 4 × 5+ 3 + (– i )4 × 7 + 1 ]2
= [i 3
– (i ) ]
12 [as i 4 = 1]
= [– i – i ]2 = – 4
6. Answer (1)
1+ i 1+ i 1+ i 1 – 1 + 2i
= ×
1– i 1– i 1+ i = 1+ 1 = i
(
ω 1 – ω100
=
) 2
+1
1– ω
(
ω 1 – ω99 .ω
=
) 2
+1
1– ω
2
21 – ω
= ω + 1
1– ω
= ω2 + 1 = – ω
2ω + 1 = z , z = 3 i
−1 + 3i
ω= → Cube root of unity.
2
C1 → C1 + C2 + C3
1 1 1 1 1 1 3 1 1
2
1 −1 − ω ω = 1 ω ω = 0 ω ω2
2 2
1 ω2 ω7 1 ω2 ω 0 ω2 ω
= 3 (ω2 – ω4)
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 3
−1 − 3i −1 + 3i
= 3 −
2 2
= −3 3i
= –3z
∴ k = –z
8. Answer (2)
Given, arg(z1) + arg z2 = π
arg(z1.z2) = π
⇒ z1 . z2 = is purely negative real number.
Clearly, z2 = – z1
9. Answer (3)
ω2 + aω + b = 0
ω1 + ω2 = – a, ω1 . ω2 = b
as, ω1, ω2, 0 are vertices of an equilateral triangle,
2 2 2
therefore ω1 + ω 2 + 0 – 0. ω1 – 0.ω2 – ω1ω 2 = 0
arg(z) = – tan–12
11. Answer (2)
|z – 2| = 2|z – 1|
Let z = x + iy
|x + iy – 2| = 2|x + iy – 1|
⇒ (x – 2)2 + y2 = 4((x – 1)2 + y2)
⇒ x2 + 4 – 4x + y2 = 4x2 + 4 – 8x + 4y2
⇒ 3(x2 + y2) = 4x
3 2
x= z
4
3 2
Re(z) = z
4
12. Answer (4)
Given, (1 + x)n = a0 + a1x + a2x2 + ...+ anxn
Put x = i
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4 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
(1 + i)n = a0 + a1 i – a2 – a3 i + a4 ...
⇒ (1 + i)n = (a0 – a2 + a4...) + i (a1 – a3 + a5...)
Taking modulus and then squaring
2n = (a0 – a2 + a4...)2 + (a1 – a3 + a5...)2
13. Answer (2)
|z – 3i| = |z + 3i|
Let z = x + iy
| x + iy – 3i | = | x + iy + 3i |
ω
z= i
ω+
4
Let ω = x + iy
x + iy x + iy
|z| = i =
x + iy + 1
x + i y +
4 4
x2 + y 2
2= 2
1
x2 + y +
4
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 5
16. Answer (2)
|z1 – 2| < 2
| z1 | – 2 < 2 [ | z1 – z2 | < | z1 | – | z2 |
1
x+ =1
x
x2 – x + 1 = 0
1± i 3
⇒x= = – ω, – ω2
2
1
Now, (– ω)2018 +
( –ω)2018
= ω2 + ω = –1
18. Answer (1)
π A z
( )
i ±
3
(z – 0) = 1 – 3 i – 0 e
(
)
z = 1 – 3i 1 ± i 3
2
2
O (0, 0) B (1– 3i)
z = 2 or – 1 – i 3
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6 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
1
z+
2
1 1
So, | z | − ≤ z+
2 2
1
−
1 1 2
⇒ z+ ≥ 2−
2 2
3
⇒ zmin. =
2
Hence |z – 2| + |(z – 2i)| = 2 2 represents straight line joining (2, 0) and (0, 2)
23. Answer (3)
(2 + i 0) (0 + 4i )
Clearly, |z – 2| + |z – 4i | is minimum when z lies on line segment joining (2 + i 0) and (0 + 4i), Hence minimum
value of |z – 2| + |z – 4i | is equal to 22 + 4 2 = 2 5
∴ |z – 3 + 2i | ≥ | z | – 13 ...(ii)
| z | – 13 ≤ 3
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 7
⇒ – 3 ≤ |z| – 13 ≤ 3
13 – 3 ≤ | z | ≤ 3 + 13
Now, sum of least and greatest value
= 3 + 13 + 13 – 3
= 2 13
26. Answer (3)
1
R = C
x + iy
x – iy
R 2
2 =C
x +y
x
=C
x2 + y 2
⇒ C (x2 + y2) – x = 0
1
z+ +1=0
z
⇒ z2 + z + 1 = 0
⇒ z = ω, ω2
99 2
r 1
Now, ω + r
r = 1 ω
2 2 2
1 2 1 3 1
= ω + + ω + 2 + ω + 3
ω ω ω
2 2 2
1 1 1
+ ω4 + 4 + ω5 + 5 + ω6 + 6
ω ω ω
+ ............................................33 times
( )
= 1 + 1 + (2 )2 × 33 = 6 × 33 = 198
(– 2 + i 0) (2 + i 0)
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π
arg(z – 3 – 4i) =
4
π
arg (x – 3 + i (y – 4 )) =
4
π
arg is ,
4
x – 3 > 0 and y – 4 > 0
y–4 π
So, = tan
x–3 4
⇒y–4=x–3
x–y+1=0
30. Answer (1)
z z + (4 + 3 i ) z + (4 – 3 i ) z + 5 = 0
Radius of circle = (4 + 3i ) (4 – 3i ) – 5 = 25 – 5
= 20 = 2 5
31. Answer (4)
(– 1 + i 3 ) 1008
(
+ – 1– i 3 )
1008
1008 1008
1008 – 1 + i 3
–1– i 3
= 2 + . 21008
2 2
⇒ z 1 = z 2 = ... z 100 =1
and z1 . z 1 = 1
1
⇒ z1 =
z1
1
Similarly, z2 =
z2
1
z100 =
z100
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1 1 1
Now z + z + ... + z =5
1 2 100
z1 + z 2 + ... + z 100 = 5
⇒ z1 + z 2 + ... + z100 = 5
Now, α12 + α 22 + α 32 + α 24
10
2r π 2r π
( – i ) cos 11
+ i sin
11
r =1
10
2r π 2r π
(– i) cos 11
+ i sin
11
r =1
= (– i) (– 1) = i
35. Answer (3)
|z + 1 – 8i | = |z – 2 + i | + |–1 + 8i – (2 – i)|
⇒ |z – (–1 + 8i)| = |z – (2 – i)| + |(–1 + 8i) – (2 – i)|
Let z1 = –1 + 8i and z2 = 2 – i
then |z – z1| = |z – z2| + |z1 – z2|
⇒ z lies on the line joining z1 and z2.
36. Answer (3)
3 + 3i 1 + i
z= ×
1− i 1+ i
3 − 3 + i (3 + 3)
=
2
−1 3 + 3
| z |= 6 , θ = tan 3 − 3
−1 π π
= tan +
4 6
5π
=
12
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| z − z0 | = 2 2, | z1 − z0 | = 2
z − ( 3 + 3i ) 2 2 −4π i
So, = e
3 + i − (3 + 3i ) 2
z − (3 + 3i ) π π
= 2 cos − + i sin −
−2i 4 4
z – 3 – 3i = – 2i – 2
z = 1+ i
= |z1z2z3| | z1 + z2 + z3 |
= |z1z2z3| | z1 + z2 + z3 |
= 3 × 5 × 7 × 10 = 1050
38. Answer (2)
x2 + x + 1 = 0 ⇒ x = ω, ω2
Clearly, for all natural numbers
x3p + x3q + 1 + x3r + 2 is 0 for x = ω, ω2
∴ p, q, r may be any real number.
39. Answer (3)
(z′) A (4 + 5i)
B
(1 + i)
z′ – (1 + i) = 3i – 4
z = 4i – 3
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 11
40. Answer (3)
z′ – (1 + i)
z'
π
6 +6i
(6 + 6i − 1 − i ) ±i
= e 4
(5 + 5i ) 1 i
= ±
2 2 2 (1 + i)
5
= (2i ) = 0 + 5i
2/ 2
or 5 + i0 ⇒ z′ = 1 + i + 5i or 1 + 5 + i
⇒ z′ = 1 + 6i or 6 + i
41. Answer (3)
| α + α2 − β2 | + | α − α2 − β2 |
(α + β) + (α − β) + 2 (α + β)(α − β) (α + β) + (α − β) − 2 (α + β)(α − β)
= 2 + 2
( α + β + α − β )2 ( α + β − α − β )2
= +
2 2
( x1 + x2 )2 + ( y1 + y 2 )2 + ( x1 − x2 )2 + ( y1 − y 2 )2
=
2
−1 + i 3 −1 − i 3
(2 + i 2 3) and (2 + i 2 3) .
2 2
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x 2 + y 2 = x + iy + 1 + 2i
3
y = –2, x =
2
46. Answer (4)
zz − 3i z + 3iz + 8 = 0
⇒ | z − 3i | = 1
⇒ | z |max = 4
47. Answer (3)
t2 – t + 1 = x and t2 + t + 1 = y
y −x
⇒ =t
2
2
⇒
(y − x) (y − x)
− + 1= x
4 2
⇒ y2 + x2 – 2xy – 2y + 2x + 4 = 4x
⇒ x2 + y2 – 2xy – 2x – 2y + 4 = 0
Δ ≠ 0 and h2 = ab
⇒ Parabola
48. Answer (2)
x = –6 (locus of | z + 3 + i |
= | z + 9 + i|)
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 13
49. Answer (4)
(–1)1 + (–1)2 + (2)3 + (–1)4 + (–1)5 + (2)6 + (–1)7 + (–1)8 + (2)9 + (–1)10
⇒ 8 + 64 + 512 + 1 = 584 + 1 = 585
50. Answer (4)
Common roots are ±1 and complex roots of
z6 – 1 = 0.
51. Answer (4)
z = (1 + sinθ cosθ) + i(cosθ – sinθ)
For purely real
sinθ = cosθ ⇒ tanθ = 1
π
θ = nπ + ,n∈z
4
−7 π −3 π π 5 π
θ= , , ,
4 4 4 4
⇒ 4 solutions
52. Answer (3)
Put z = x + iy, we get y2 = 4ax represents parabola
53. Answer (4)
2π 2π −2π
z = 2cos cos − + i sin
11 11 11
2π
⇒ Arg ( z ) = −
11
54. Answer (1)
1 + α + α2 + α3 + α 4 + α 2 −1
log7
3 = log7 3 = log 1 = 0
α α 7
c (a – b )
Hence x = 1 is one root and the other root is .
a(b – c )
c (a – b )
Therefore a(b – c ) = 1
⇒ c(a – b) = a(b – c)
ac – bc = ab – ac
⇒ 2ac = ab + bc
2 1 1
⇒ = +
b a c
58. Answer (3)
Given, x 2 – 2px + q = 0 has equal roots
i.e., 4p 2 – 4q = 0
p2 – q = 0 …(i)
Roots of (1 + y)x 2 – 2(p + y)x + (q + y) = 0 are real and unequal
⇒ 4(p + y)2 – 4(1 + y)(q + y) > 0
⇒ (p + y)2 – (1 + y)(q + y) > 0
⇒ –y(p – 1)2 > 0
Clearly, y < 0.
59. Answer (2)
x 2 + 3|x| – 28 = 0
|x|2 + 3|x| – 28 = 0
(|x| + 7)(|x| – 4) = 0
|x| = 4 as |x| ≠ –7
x = ±4
So product of roots = –16
60. Answer (2)
1 1 5 –2
= × = 5 –2
2+ 5 5 +2 5 +2
Since irrational roots of a quadratic equation with rational coefficients always occur in conjugate pair, so other
root of the equation is – 5 – 2
x 2 – ( 5 – 2 – 5 – 2)x + ( 5 – 2) (– 5 – 2) = 0
x 2 + 4x – 1 = 0
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 15
61. Answer (3)
As x 2 + 3x + 6 = 0 has imaginary roots and a, b, c are real so both roots of equations will be common
a b c
∴ = = a : b : c = 1: 3 : 6
1 3 6
a b c
∴ = =
1 2 3
1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2
Now, + = + = – – = – = –
2
α – aα 2
β – aβ α (α – a ) β (β – a ) αβ αβ αβ (a + b )
1 1 2
Hence, 2
+ 2
+ =0
α – aα β – aβ a+b
1 1 1
Now, α – β – γ –
βγ αγ αβ
1 1 1 1
= αβ – – + 2 γ –
γ γ γ αβ αβ
3 1
= αβγ – 3 + – 2 2 2
αβγ α β γ
3 1
= –r – 3 – – 2
r r
(1 + r)3
= –
r2
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16 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
Sum of roots
Also, <1
2
a<1 …(iii)
From (i), (ii), (iii)
a∈(–∞, –1)
69. Answer (1)
log7 (x 2 – 4x + 5) = log7 (x – 1)
For log to be defined
x 2 – 4x + 5 > 0, which is true for all x ∈ R.
and x – 1 > 0 ⇒ x > 1 …(i)
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 17
also, x 2 – 4x + 5 = x – 1
x 2 – 5x + 6 = 0
x = 3, 2
70. Answer (1)
2x 4 + 5x 2 + 3 = 0
– 5 ± 25 – 24 –5 ±1 3
x2 = = = – 1, –
4 4 2
as x2 cannot be negative, so no real roots.
71. Answer (1)
Clearly, (α, β) are the roots of x 2 – 7x + 12 = 0
⇒ α + β = 7, αβ = 12
α β α 2 + β2 ( α + β) 2 – 2αβ 7 2 – 24 25
Now, + = = = =
β α αβ αβ 12 12
α β
and · =1
β α
α β
One of the quadratic equation having roots , is
β α
α β α β
x 2 – + x + · = 0
β α β α
25
x2 – x + 1= 0
12
⇒ 12x 2 – 25x + 12 = 0
72. Answer (4)
2
– 7x + 7
22 x = 22
⇒ 2x 2 – 7x + 7 = 2
⇒ 2x 2 – 7x + 5 = 0
D = 49 – 4 · 2 · 5
=9
As D > 0, there will be two real roots
73. Answer (3)
As A.M ≥ G.M
⇒ 9 is A.M. and 4 is G.M. of two positive numbers a and b
Clearly, a + b = 18 and ab = 16
Hence quadratic equation is x 2 – 18x + 16 = 0
74. Answer (2)
x 2 – 2px + p 2 – 4 = 0
(x – p)2 = (2)2
⇒ x – p = ±2
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x=p±2
Now,
–3 < p – 2 < 5
–1 < p < 7 …(i)
Also,
–3 < p + 2 < 5
–5 < p < 3 …(ii)
From (i) and (ii)
–1 < p < 3
75. Answer (1)
As tan 30°, tan 15° are roots of x 2 + px + q = 0
∴ tan 30° + tan 15° = –p
tan 30° tan 15° = q
Now, 2 + q – p = 2 + tan 30° · tan 15° + (tan 30° + tan 15°)
= 2 + tan 30° tan 15° + (1 – tan 30° tan 15°)
=2+1
=3
76. Answer (3)
As px 2 – qx + r = 0 is satisfied by more than two different values of x, hence px 2 – qx + r = 0 is an identity
⇒ p = q = r = 0.
77. Answer (4)
Let (x – α) be common factor of x 2 – 11x + m and x2 – 14x + 2m
⇒ α2 – 11α + m = 0 …(i)
and α2 – 14α + 2m = 0 …(ii)
From (i) and (ii),
α2 α 1
= =
– 22m + 14m m – 2m – 14 + 11
α2 α 1
⇒ = =
– 8m –m –3
(i) (ii) (iii)
From (i) and (ii),
α=8 …(A)
From (ii) and (iii),
m
α= …(B)
3
From (A) and (B),
m = 24
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 19
78. Answer (2)
x 2 – 3x + 4
Let y =
x 2 + 3x + 4
1
⇒ y ∈ , 7
7
So, maximum value of y is 7.
79. Answer (3)
x 2 – 5mx + 4m 2 + 1 > 0 ∀x only when
D < 0 (as coefficient of x 2 > 1)
25m 2 – 4(4m 2 + 1) < 0
9m 2 – 4 < 0
2 2
⇒ m ∈– ,
3 3
80. Answer (1)
ax 2 + 2bx + c = 0
and dx 2 + 2ex + f = 0 will have a common root if
2(bf – ec ) cd – af
=
cd – af 2(ae – bd )
2
f e e d d f
⇒ 4 – bc – ab = – a 2 c 2
c b b a a c
2
f e e d d f
⇒ 4 – – b 2 = – ac
c b b a a c
⇒ 4(α)(α)b 2 = (–2α)2ac
⇒ 4α2b 2 = 4α2ac
⇒ b 2 = ac b a c b
α = e – d = f – e
81. Answer (3)
f(x) = 3x 2 + 2x + m(m – 1)
O
α β
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m = ± 2 · 11
4
y = 2
9 x + 6 x + 11
4
=
(3 x )2 + 2 ·3 x + 1+ 10
4
=
(3 x + 1)2 + 10
For y to be maximum, (3x + 1)2 + 10 must be minimum and the minimum value of (3x + 1)2 + 10 is 10
4 2
So, ymax = =
10 5
d
α · ω· ω2 = –
a
d
⇒ α= –
a
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 21
86. Answer (1)
x 3 – 5x 2 + 3x + 2 = 0
Let α, β and γ be the roots.
(–5) 3
α+β+γ= – = 5, αβ + βγ + αγ = =3
1 1
αβγ = –2
Now, α2 + β2 + γ2 = (α + β + γ)2 – 2(αβ + βγ + αγ)
= (5)2 – 2(3) = 19
87. Answer (4)
πx
x 2 – 6 3 x + 28 – sin2 =0
6 3
πx
x 2 – 2 ·3 3 x + (3 3 )2 + 1 = sin2
6 3
πx
( x – 3 3 )2 + 1 = sin2
6 3
πx
0 ≤ sin2 ≤1 …(i)
6 3
and 1 + ( x – 3 3 )2 ≥ 1 …(ii)
At x = 3 3 (i) and (ii) are satisfied so only solution is x = 3 3 i.e., only one solution
12 − 2 p
x=
13
2
12 − 2 p 12 − 2 p
Now, 3
13 − 2 13 + p = 0
−15 −8
⇒ p= ,
4 3
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α2 α 1
Now, 2
= =
b + 1 −(1 + b ) 1 − b
So, b2 = – 3 ⇒ b = ± 3 i
Hence | b | = 3
2 2
⇒ − <a<
3 3
92. Answer (2)
x
Let =Y
x +3
1
8y − =2
y
8y2 – 2y – 1 = 0
2 ± 4 + 32 1 1
y= = ,−
16 2 4
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 23
x 1
=
x +3 4
4x = x + 3, ⇒ x = 1
93. Answer (2)
x = 20 + x
x2 = 20 + x
x2 – x – 20 = 0
(x – 5) (x + 4) = 0
x = – 4, x = 5
as x > 0
∴ x=5
94. Answer (3)
Let 2x = y
y2 – 24y + 128 = 0
y2 – 16y – 8y + 128 = 0
(y – 16) (y – 8) = 0
y = 16, y = 8
x = 4, x = 3
( p + q )2 ( p2 + q 2 )
pq − = −
2 2
97. Answer (1)
α + β = –p, αβ = q
Now quadratic equation whose roots are
α + p, β + p is
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24 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
(x – p)2 + p(x – p) + q = 0
quadratic equation whole roots are
(α + p)–2, (β + p)–2 is
q2x2 – (p2 – 2q)x + 1 = 0
98. Answer (1)
8x 2 − 6 x + a = 0
6
α + α2 = ... (i)
8
a
α3 = ... (ii)
8
form (i) and (ii)
1 2
a 3 a 3 3
8 +8 = 4
px 2 + 3 x + 4
<5
x 2 + 2x + 2
px2 + 3x + 4 < 5x2 + 10x + 10 [as x2 + 2x + 2 > 0]
(5 – p)x2 + 7x + 6 > 0 ∀ x ∈ R
⇒ 5 – p > 0 and 72 – 4.6 (5 – p) < 0
71
p < 5 and p <
24
71
⇒ p<
24
100. Answer (3)
Given equation is
1 1 1 1
2n 1 + + 2 = 7 x 1 + + 2
2 2 7 7
x
7 7.49
⇒ =
2 4.57
x
7
As is increasing
2
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 25
2| x – 3 | + x ( x – 6) + 6 = 0
2| x – 3| + ( x – 3 + 3)( x – 3 – 3) + 6 = 0
2| x – 3| + ( x – 3)2 – 3 = 0
( x – 3)2 + 2| x – 3| – 3 = 0
(| x – 3 | +3)(| x – 3 | –1) = 0
⇒ | x – 3| = 1, | x – 3| + 3 ≠ 0
⇒ x – 3 = ±1
⇒ x = 4, 2
x = 16, 4
−ac
⇒ abc + 1 =
18
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26 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
1 1
c+ =
ab 24
ab
⇒ abc + 1 =
24
bc −ac ab
⇒ abc + 1 = = =
6 18 24
bc −ac ab
⇒ = =
1 3 4
a c −3
⇒ = − 3, =
b b 4
Then the value of
−3
− ( −3)
c−a −3 + 12 9
= 4 = = =9
c+b −3 −3 + 4 1
+1
4
⇒ x3 = 5 + 25 + 3 × x × 5
⇒ x3 – 15x – 30 = 0
So, product of roots = 30
107. Answer (3)
x3 – x2 + x – 1 = (x – 1)(x + i)(x – i)
So, x = 1, –i satisfy x2003 – x192 + x97 – x22
So, remainder = zero
108. Answer (3)
In this case x = 1, –1 are roots of the –x2 + bx + c = 0
So, at x = 1
⇒ –1 + b + c = 0 ...(i)
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 27
x = –1
⇒ –1 – b + c = 0 ...(ii)
By equation (i) and (ii), c = 1, b = 0
109. Answer (1)
cx2 – 4x + 1 = 0 ...(i) → α1, β1
a 6
2
+ + b = 0, when roots is α1, β1
x x
⇒ bx2 + 6x + a = 0 ...(ii)
c −4 1
Now, = =
b 6 a
−3 b −3
⇒ a= and =
2 c 2
b
So, + a = −3
c
110. Answer (1)
α + β = m, αβ = 4
Now, 2(m +β) = 16β
⇒ m = 7β ...(i)
From equation β2 – (7β)(β) = –4
6β2 =4
2 4 2
⇒ β = =
6 3
m2 2 14
Now, = 7 ( 7 × 7) =
7 3 3
x
33 x − 56 y = ...(ii)
x + y2
2
1
( 56i + 33 ) z = where z = x + iy
z
1
z2 =
33 + i 56
z=±
1
=±
( 7 − 4i )
7 + 4i 65
11 p
|x|+|y|=
65 q
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28 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
384
(n –1) ≤
28
5
(n – 1) ≤ 13
7
5
n ≤ 14
7
So, n = 14 i.e., 14 terms are common
114. Answer (4)
As a1, a2, a3, ... are in A.P
⇒ a2 – a1 = a3 – a2 = ... = an – an–1 = d
1 1 1 1
Now, + + + ... +
a1 + a2 a2 + a3 a3 + a4 a n – 1 + an
a2 – a1 a3 – a2 a4 – a3 an – an – 1
= + + + ...+
a2 – a1 a3 – a2 a 4 – a2 an – an –1
=
1
d
(a n – a1 )
an + a1
1
= d (a n )
– a1 ×
a + a
n 1
1 an – a1 (n – 1) d n –1
= d
an + a1 = d ( an + a1 ) =
an + a1
115. Answer (2)
As a, b, c are in A.P
⇒ 2b = a + c
Now, 42b = 4a + c = 4a. 4c
Clearly 4a, 4b, 4c are in G.P
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 29
116. Answer (4)
Let S = 3 × 5 + 5 × 8 + 7 × 11 + ...
20th term of series 3, 5, 7...
= 3 + (20 – 1) × 2
= 3 + 38 = 41
20th term of series 5, 8, 11...
= 5 + (20 – 1) × 3
= 5 + 57 = 62
∴ 20th term of series 3 × 5 + 5 × 8 + 7 × 11 + ...
= 41 × 62 = 2542
117. Answer (1)
Given t3 = ar2 = 4
Now, t1.t2.t3.t4.t5 = a.ar.ar2.ar3.ar4
= a5.r1+ 2 + 3 + 4
= a5 .r10 = (ar2)5 = (4)5
118. Answer (2)
= 41/ 3 + 1/ 9 + ...∞
1/ 3
= 4 1 – 1 / 3 = 41/ 2 = 2
119. Answer (1)
Sn = an + bn 2
S1 = a + b ( I st term)
S2 = 2a + 4b
Now, let d be the common difference
S2 – S1 = 2nd term
a + 3b = Ist term + d
a + 3b = a + b + d
⇒ d = 2b
120. Answer (3)
p, q, r are in A.P
⇒ 2q = p + r
pth, qth and rth term of G.P are
aαp–1, aαq–1, aαr–1 respectively where a is 1st term and α is common ratio of G.P
(
Now, aα q –1 ) 2
= a2α2q – 2 = a2αp + r – 2
= aαp–1. aαq – 1
⇒ pth, qth and rth terms of any G.P will be in G.P if p, q, r are in A.P
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30 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
91
S91 = [2a + (n – 1)d ] = 91 [2a + (91 – 1) d ] = 91 × 2 [a + 45d ] = 91 × 20
2 2 2
122. Answer (4)
Let α and β be roots of quadratic equation.
α+β
Given, = 10
2
⇒ α + β = 20
and αβ = 5
⇒ α β = 25
Hence quadratic equation is x2 – 20x + 25 = 0
123. Answer (2)
y = α – α2 + α3 – α4 ...∞
as |α| < 1 and common ratio = – α
α
∴ y = 1 – (– α )
α
y = 1+α
⇒ y + yα = α
y
⇒ α = 1– y
=
n (n + 1) 2n + 1
2
– 1 = n n – 1 ( )
2 3 3
20 × 21× 41 4 × 10 × 11× 21
= + = 2870 + 1540 = 4410
6 6
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 31
40 × 41× 81 4 × 20 × 21× 41
= + = 22140 + 11480 = 33620
6 6
⇒ B – 2A = 33620 – 8820 = 24800
⇒ 100λ = 24800
λ = 248
21000 – 1
= 1000.21000 – = 999.21000 + 1
2 –1
11
x = 11⋅108 + 2⋅(11)2⋅(10)7 +... + 9(11)9 + 1110
10
11
x 1 − = 109 + 11(10)8 + 112×(10)7 +... +119 – 1110
10
11 10
− 1
x 10
⇒ − = 109 − 1110
10 11 − 1
10
x
⇒ − = (1110 − 1010 ) − 1110 = − 1010
10
⇒ x = 1011 = k⋅109
⇒ k = 100
1+ 2 1+ 2 + 3
S = 1+ + + ...
2 3
1 + 2 + 3 + ... + r r (r + 1) r + 1
tr = = =
r 2.r 2
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32 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
1 n (n + 1)
n n
r +1
Now, S =
r =1
tr =
r =1
2 =
2
2
+ n
1 n (n + 1) + 2n 1 n (n + 3) n (n + 3 )
= = =
2 2 2 2 4
=
( n + 1) 2
4
1 2
= n + 2n + 1
4
1 n ( n + 1)( 2n + 1) 2 ( n )( n + 1)
= + + 1
4 6 2
1 9 × 10 × 19
= + 9 × 10 + 9 = 96
4 6
24 × 25 × 49 7 × 8 × 15
⇒ − = 140m
6 6
⇒ m = 34
1 1 1
S = + + + ... to ∞
3 × 7 7 × 11 11 × 15
1 4 4 4
= + + + ...∞
4 3 × 7 7 × 11 11 × 15
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 33
1 7 – 3 11 – 7 15 – 11
= + + + ...∞
4 3 × 7 7 × 11 11 × 15
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
= – + – + – + + ... = =
4 3 7 7 11 11 15 15 4 3 12
128. Answer (3)
2 8 26
S = + + + ...
3 9 27
1 1 1
S = 1– +1– +1– + .... upto n terms
3 9 27
1 1
= (1 + 1 + 1 + ... n times) – + + ... upto n terms
3 9
1 1
n
1 –
3 3
=n– 1
1–
3
n
1 1 – 1
n–
2 3
100 × 101
S = 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 100 = = 5050
2
S1 = 3 + 6 + 9 + ... + 99
= 3(1 + 2 + 3 + ... 33)
3 × 33 × 34
= = 1683
2
S2 = 5 + 10 + 15 + ...+ 100
= 5(1 + 2 + 3 + ...+ 20)
5 × 20 × 21
= = 1050
2
S3 = 15 + 30 + 45 + ....+ 90
= 15 (1 + 2 + 3 + ... + 6)
15 × 6 × 7
= = 315
2
Required sum = 5050 – 1683 – 1050 + 315 = 2632
130. Answer (2)
a10 = a1 + (10 – 1) d
⇒ 3 = 2 + 9d
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34 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
1
⇒d=
9
1 1 1
∴ h , h , ... h are in A.P
1 2 10
1 1
∴ h = h + (10 – 1) D
10 1
1 1
= + 9D
3 2
–1
⇒D=
54
1 20
Now, a3 = a1 + 2d = 2 + 2. =
9 9
1 1 1 1 27 – 7 20 10
and = + (8 – 1)D = + 7 × – = = =
h8 h1 2 54 54 54 27
27
h8 =
10
20 27
Now, a3. h8 = × =6
9 10
4 + 5
x2 – x + 8 + 2 5
5 + 2 5+ 2 = 0
Let α, β be roots
4+ 5
then α + β =
5+ 2
8+2 5
and α β =
5+ 2
2αβ
Now H.M. of α and β = α + β
8 + 2 5
2×
5+ 2
= =4
4+ 5
5+ 2
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 35
132. Answer (2)
a
S∞ = =4 ...(i)
1− r
3
and ar = ...(ii)
4
where a is 1st term of G.P and r be the common ratio
from (i)
ar
r (1 – r ) = 4
3
⇒ =4
4r (1 – r )
⇒ 16r (1 – r) = 3
⇒ 16r2 – 16r + 3 = 0
16 ± 256 – 192
r=
32
16 ± 8 3 1
= = ,
32 4 4
1
when r = ,a=3
4
Hence answer is (2).
133. Answer (4)
S1 =
n
[2 + (n – 1)] = n (n + 1)
2 2
S2 =
n
[4 + (n – 1) 3] = n (3n + 1)
2 2
.............................................
.............................................
n
Sr = {(2r – 1) n + 1}
2
n (n + 1) n (3n + 1) n
∴ S1 + S2 + ...+Sr = + + ...+ {(2r – 1) n + 1}
2 2 2
=
n
2
[
n + 3n + 5n + ... + (2r – 1) n + r }
n
= {n (1 + 3 + 5 + ... + (2r – 1)) + r }
2
=
n
2
{
nr 2 + r }
nr
= {nr + 1}
2
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36 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
4 5 4 5 4 5
S = − + – + – + ...
7 7 2 73 7 4 75 76
4⎛ 1 1 ⎞ 5 1 1
= ⎜1 + 2 + 4 + ... to ∞ ⎟⎠ – 2 1 + 2 + 4 + ...to ∞
7⎝ 7 7 7 7 7
4 1 5 1
= –
7 1 – 1 72 1
1– 49
49
4 × 49 5 × 49
= 7 × 48 – 2
7 × 48
23
=
48
135. Answer (4)
Sn = 1.2 + 2.3 + 3.4 + ... to n terms
tr = r . r( + 1) = r2 + r
n n
Sn = t
r =1
r = r
r =1
2
+r
n (n + 1) (2n + 1) n (n + 1)
= +
6 2
n (n + 1) (n + 2 )
=
3
136. Answer (3)
S= 2
n =1
n –1
+ 8n 3 – 6n 2
n (n + 1) n (n + 1) (2n + 1)
2
2n – 1
= +8 –6
2–1 2 6
= 2n – 1 + 2((n) (n + 1))2 – n (n + 1) (2n + 1)
= 2n – 1 + n (n + 1) [2(n) (n + 1) – (2n + 1)]
= 2n – 1 + n(n +1) (2n2 – 1)
137. Answer (4)
n+3−n
tn =
3[n(n + 1)(n + 2)(n + 3)]
1 1 1
= −
3 n(n + 1)(n + 2) (n + 1)(n + 2)( n + 3)
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 37
1 1 1
∴ t1 = −
3 1⋅ 2 ⋅ 3 2 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 4
1 1 1
t2 = −
3 2 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 4 3 ⋅ 4 ⋅ 5
...................................
...................................
1 1 1
tn = −
3 n(n + 1)(n + 2) (n + 1)(n + 2)(n + 3)
1 1 1
−
3 1⋅ 2 ⋅ 3 (n + 1)(n + 2)(n + 3 )
5 1 7 1 9 1 11 1 2n + 3 1
S = 1.2 . 3 + 2.3 . 2 + 3.4 . 3 + 4.5 . 4 + ... tn = n (n + 1) . n
3 3 3 3
2n + 3 A B
Now, = +
n (n + 1) n n +1
A=3
B=–1
3 1 1 1 1 1 1
tn = n – n + 1 n = n . n –1 – n + 1 . n
3 3 3
1 1 1
Now, t1 = – .
31 –1 1 + 1 31
1 1 1 1
t2 = . – .
2 3 3 32
1 1 1 1
t3 = . 2 – . 3
3 3 4 3
.............................
.............................
1 1 1 1
t n = n . n –1 – n + 1 . n
3 3
On adding
1 1
Sn = 1 – .
n + 1 3n
Sn = t
r =1
r
= r (n
r =1
2
– r2 )
n
= n r – r
r =1
2 3
n n
= n r – r
r =1
2
r =1
3
2 n (n + 1) n (n + 1)
2
= n –
2 2
n 2 (n + 1) (n + 1)
= n –
2 2
n 2 (n + 1) n – 1
=
2 2
n2 n2 – 1
=
( )
4
140. Answer (2)
2 2 2
= + y 2 = xy
y x+y y+z
∴ x, y, z are in G.P.
141. Answer (1)
When one A.M. is inserted then
a+b
A.M. = ... (i)
2
When n A.M. is inserted
n
Sum of n. A.M is = (a + b) ...(ii)
2
Equation (ii) / equation (i) = n : 1
142. Answer (1)
a, ar, ar2
ar + ar2 > a ...(i),
Also, ar2 – ar < 0
⇒ r2 – r – 1 < 0 ... (ii)
5 –1 5 +1
⇒ <r <
2 2
a ar2
ar
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 39
143. Answer (1)
∞
x= a
n=0
n
1
= 1– a
1 1
Similarly, y = and z =
1– b 1 – c
as a, b, c are in A.P
⇒ 1 – a, 1 – b, 1 – c are in A.P
1 1 1
⇒ , , are in H.P
1– a 1– b 1– c
⇒ x, y, z are in H.P
144. Answer (1)
a1 + a2 + a3 + ... + am m2
Given, = 2
a1 + a2 + a3 + ... + an n
m
[2a1 + (m – 1)d ] m 2
= 2 = 2
n
[2a1 + (n – 1)d ] n
2
m – 1
a1 + d
2 m
⇒ = ...(i)
n – 1 n
a1 + d
2
a6 a1 + 5d
Now, a = a + 20d ...(ii)
21 1
m –1 n –1
Put = 5 as m = 11 and = 20
2 2
i.e. n = 41 in equation (i)
a1 + 5d 11
a1 + 20d = 41
a6 11
⇒ =
a21 41
1 1 1 1
Then α , α , α , ... α are in H.P
1 2 3 n
1 1 1 1
d = α – α = α – α = ...
2 1 3 2
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40 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
∴ ac > b
an + c n
Now A.M of an and cn =
2
(ac )n
G.M. of an and cn = a n . c n =
A.M ≥ G.M
an + c n
> (ac )n ...(i)
2
as ac > b
∴ ( ac ) n
> bn ...(ii)
an + c n
> bn
2
an + cn > 2bn
⇒ a n + cn > b n
1 1 1
Clearly a3 + c3 > 3b3 is wrong (for example a = , b= , c= )
10 11 12
147. Answer (4)
b+c
A = A.M between b and c =
2
g1 and g2 are two G.M’s between b and c.
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 41
1/ 3
c
∴ g1 = b
b
2/3
c
g2 = b
b
3 c c2
Now, g13 + g23 = b . + b3. 2
b b
= b2c + bc2
= bc (b + c)
= bc. 2a
= 2abc
148. Answer (2)
a+b=5
a a b b b
+ + + + =5
2 2 3 3 3
1
a a b b b
+ + + + a 2b 3 5
Now, 2 2 3 3 3 ≥ 2 3
5 2 .3
a 2b 3
⇒ ≤1
2 2.3 3
a2b3 ≤ 2233
So maximum value of a2b3 = 22.33
149. Answer (2)
n
f (k ) = 1 + 1 + 4 + 1 + 4 + 9 + 1 + 4 + 9 + 16 + ... + 1+ 41 + 91 + ... + n1
1 1 1 1 1 1
2
k =1
n −1 n − 2 1
=n+ + + ... + 2
4 9 n
{
= n 1+
1 1
+ + ... to nth terms –
4 9 } { 1 2 3
+ +
4 9 16
+ ... to (n − 1) terms }
1 1 1 1 1 1
= nf ( n ) + 1 − 1 + − + − + − + ...
2 4 3 9 4 16
1 1 1 1 1 1
= n f (n) + 1+ + + ... + 2 − 1 + + + ... +
4 9 n 2 3 n
1 1 1
= n f ( n ) + f ( n ) − 1 + + + ... +
2 3 n
1 1 1
= ( n + 1) f ( n ) − 1 + + + ... +
2 3 n
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42 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
n4 n3 n3 − 1+ 1
ln = = =
n ! (n − 1)! (n − 1)!
n3 − 1 1
= +
(n − 1) ! (n − 1) !
(n − 1) (n 2 + n + 1) 1
= +
(n − 1) ! (n − 1) !
n2 + n + 1 1
= +
( n − 2) ! (n − 1) !
n2 + n 1 1
= + +
(n − 2) ! (n − 2) ! (n − 1) !
n2 − 4 + 4 + n − 2 + 2 1 1
= + +
( n − 2) ! (n – 2)! (n – 1)!
n2 − 4 n−2 6 1 1
= + + + +
(n − 2) ! (n − 2) ! (n − 2) ! (n − 2) ! (n − 1) !
n+2 1 7 1
= (n − 3) ! + (n − 3 ) ! + (n − 2) ! + (n − 1) !
∞
1 6 7 1
ln = + + +
( n − 4 ) ! ( n − 3) ! (n − 2) ! ( n − 1) !
, ln = 15e
n =1
1 1 1 1 1
S = − + − + − ......
1.2 2.3 3.4 4.5 5.6
1 1 1 1 1
= 1 − − − + − − ......
2 2 3 3 4
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
= 1 − + − + − + ...... − − + − + − + ......
2 3 4 5 6 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 1 1 1 1
= loge (1 + 1) + − + − + − + ......
2 3 4 5 6
= loge 2 + (loge 2 – 1)
= 2 loge 2 – 1
= loge 4 – 1
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 43
154. Answer (2)
2 3
x−y 1 x−y 1 x−y
+ + + ......
x 2 x 3 x
x−y y
= − log 1 − = − log
x x
x
= log x – log y = log
y
155. Answer (4)
∞
1 1 1
n =0 2 2n
⋅ 2n !
= 1+ +
4.2 ! 16.4 !
+ ......
2 4
1 1
2 + 2 + ......
=1+
2! 4!
1 1 1
− e+
e2 + e 2
e e +1
= = =
2 2 2 e
156. Answer (2)
(log ( x ))2n = 1+
( log x ) 2 + ( log x ) 4 + ...
2n ! 2! 4!
elog x + e − log x 1 1
= = x +
2 2 x
157. Answer (2)
∞
3n − 2 1 3n − 2
n 1
C2 = = e3
n! 2 ( n − 2) ! 2
n=2
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44 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
x2 x3 x 4
= − x − − − ... +
2 3 4
( 3 x ) 2 ( 3 x )3
3 x − + ...
2 3
4 1 81 41
∴ Coefficient of x = − − =−
4 4 2
162. Answer (1)
3− 2
Let x =
2
5−2 6 3 3 − 11 2 4 49 − 20 6
then x 2 = ,x = ,x = ,...
2 2 2 4
and x + x 2 + x 3 + .....∞
x
=
1− x
3− 2
=
2 2− 3
163. Answer (4)
164. Answer (1)
cos A · cos 2A · cos 22A ...... cos (2n–1 A)
1
= [2 sin A · cos A · cos 2A ...... cos 2n–1 A]
2 sin A
1
= [sin 2A · cos 2A ......]
2 sin A
1
= [sin 4A · cos 4A ...... cos 2n–1 A]
4 sin A
= ......
= ......
sin 2n A
=
2n sin A
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 45
167. Answer (4)
168. Answer (2)
n = 2 satisfies the inequality but n = 1 does not.
169. Answer (3)
2009! 2009!
2001× 2002 × 2003 × ... × 2009 = = 9! ×
2000! 2000! × 9!
= 9! × 2009C9
= 9! × an integer
Hence 2001 × 2002 × ... × 2009 is divisible by
9! = 362880.
170. Answer (1)
Clearly option (1) is satisfied for all n ∈ N
171. Answer (2)
a1 1
a1 = 1, a2 = =
2 2
a2 1 1
a3 = = =
3 2.3 3!
1
Similarly an =
n!
172. Answer (2)
u2 = 3u1 – 2u0
= 3.3 – 4 = 5 = 22 + 1
u3 = 3u2 – 2u1
= 3.5 – 2.3 = 9 = 23 + 1
173. Answer (3)
n n n
r =1
(a r + br ) =
r =1
ar + b r
r =1
a(1 − a n ) bn(n + 1)
= +
1− a 2
n n n
r =1
r (n − r ) = n r
r =1
r−
r =1
2
n 2 (n + 1) n(n + 1)(2n + 1)
= −
2 6
n(n 2 − 1)
=
6
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46 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
24
24
Now, b
i =1
i =
2
(2b1 + 23d ) = 12 × 75 = 900
k k
⇒ x = k, y = ,z=
3 5
2 1 1
⇒ = +
y x z
b
G13 = a2 b, G23 = b 2 a, G1G2 = a 2 . = ab
a
= (2r − 1) 4
+ 16 + S(n )
r =1
⇒ (2r − 1) 4
= S (2n ) – 16S ( n )
r =1
I (r ) = 3
r =1
n
−1
3 1
r −1 n n r −1 n
1 1 1 1 1 1
= .
I (r ) 2 3
I(r ) = 2 3
r =1 r =1
= 1 −
4 3
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 47
180. Answer (3)
1 1 1 1
+ + + =0
a a−b c c−b
1 1 1 1
⇒ + + + =0
a c−b c a−b
a+c −b a+c −b
⇒ + =0
a(c − b) c(a − b)
a−b a 2ac
⇒ = b=
b−c c a+c
2 1 1
⇒ = +
2logb 10 2loga 10 2logc 10
1, 2, 2, 4, 4, 4, 4, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, .....
1 + 2 + 4 + 8 = 15 = 2n – 1
i.e., 210
Lengths of line segments on one side of the diagonal are 2, 2 2, 3 2,.......,(n − 1) 2 , the required sum is
= 2( 2 + 2 2 + ........ + (n − 1) 2 ) + n 2
= n2 2
184. Answer (4)
We have,
a3 + c3 – 8b3 = a3 + c3 + (–2b)3
as a + c – 2b = 0
⇒ a3 + c3 + (–2b)3 = 3 . a . c (–2b) = – 6 abc
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48 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
4r 4r + 1
( r − 1) r −
r ( r + 1)
r =2
4 2 43 43 44 44 45 450 4 41
= − + − + − + ... + −
1.2 2.3 2.3 3.4 3.4 4.5
49.50 50 × 51
451
= 8−
50 × 51
10
( λ + 1)
3
So, = 5P
λ =1
⇒ 13 + 23 + 33 + ... 113 = 5P + 1
2
11 × 12
⇒ = 5P + 1
2
P = 871
187. Answer (2)
a 2m . b 2n 1 1 1
= × ≤
(1+ a )(1+ b )
4m 4m
2m 1
a + 2m
2m 1
b + 2m
4
a b
(A.M. ≥ G.M.)
188. Answer (1)
Sn =
( n − 1) n ( n + 1)
6
1 1 1
So, Tn = Sn − Sn − 1 = ( n − 1)( n )( n + 1) − − ( n − 2)( n − 1)( n )
6 6 6
( n − 1) n n ( n − 1)
=
6
[ n + 1 − n + 2] = 2
10 10
1 2
Now, T
r =1
= r (r
r =1 − 1)
r
10
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
⇒ 2 r − 1
= 2 − + − + − + ... + −
2 3 3 4 4 5 9 10
r =3
1 1 ( 5 − 1) = 4
= 2 − =2
2 10 10 5
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 49
189. Answer (4)
Given abc = 24
y −x
When x, a, b, c, y are in A.P. and common difference =
4
3x + y x+y x + 3y
So, a = ,b = ,c =
4 2 4
3 x + 4 x + y x + 3y
Given × × = 24 ...(i)
4 2 4
125
Given abc =
24
When x, a, b, c, y are in H.P.
1 1 1 1 1 x−y
So, , , , , are in A.P so common difference =
x a b c y 4 xy
1 x + 3y 1 x + y 1 3x + y
So, = , = , =
a 4 xy b 2 xy c 4 xy
4 xy 2 xy 4 x y 125
Given x + 3 y x + y 3 x + y = 24
4 × 2 × 4 ( xy )
3
125
From equation (i) =
4 × 2 × 4 × 24 24
xy = 5
It is given x + y are positive integers then x = 1 and y = 5 or x = 5 and y = 1
So, x + y = 6
190. Answer (3)
y = x + 2z ...(i)
and x2 = yz ...(ii)
x2
So, = x + 2z
z
⇒ x2 = z(x + 2z)
⇒ z, x and (x + 2z) are in G.P.
191. Answer (3)
Let the numbers be a and b
2ab 8 × 27
ab = 182 and =
a+b 13
2 × 13 × 18 × 18
a+b= = 39
8 × 27
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50 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
n n
n ( n + 1) n ( n + 3)
Now; ( 2r
r =1
2
+ r + 1 − 2r 2 = ) ( r + 1)
r =1
=
2
+n =
2
193. Answer (1)
10P
10!
= 720 ∴ = 720
r
(10 – r )!
∴ 10 × 9 × 8 × ... to r factor = 10 × 9 × 8
∴ r=3
194. Answer (3)
2n + 1P : 2n–1P =3:5
n–1 n
(2n + 1) ! (2n – 1) !
⇒ (n + 2) ! : (n – 1) ! =3:5
(2n + 1) ! × (n – 1) ! 3
or (n + 2) ! (2n – 1) ! =
5
(2n + 1) (2n ) 3
or (n + 2) (n + 1)n =
5
or 10(2n + 1) = 3(n + 1) (n + 2)
or 3n2 – 11n – 4 = 0
or (n – 4) (3n + 1) = 0
1
⇒ n = 4, n = –
3
1
as n ≠ –
3
∴n=4
(n + 2)! = 11 × 6! × (n – 2)!
(n + 2)(n + 1)(n)(n –1) = 11 ⋅ 10 ⋅ 9 ⋅ 8
n + 2 = 11, So, n = 9
which satisfy 1st option (n2 + 3n – 108) = 0
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 51
t1 = 2! – 1!
t2 = 3! – 2!
t3 = 4! – 3!
-------------------
-------------------
tn = (n + 1) ! – n!
-------------------
∴ t1 + t2 + ....+ tn = (n + 1)! – 1! = n + 1p –1
n+1
4, 5, 6
Hundred’s place can be filled by 3 ways and remaining two place can be filled up by remaining five digits in
5P ways.
2
5!
Required Number = 3 × 5P2 = 3 × = 60
3!
3 or 4 or 5
3 ways 5
P2 ways
5!
Number of numbers formed in this case = 3 × 5P2 = 3 × = 60
3!
Case 2 : When number is of 4 digits
1 or 2
2 ways 5
P3
3, 5, 6, 7, 8
678
3 4 5 2 = 72
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52 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
5 digit numbers
5
5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 120
Total number of integers = 72 + 120 = 192
1 or 3 2
2P2 1 way
2 way
Similarly 1, 3 occur at units place 4 times also, 1, 2, 3 occur at tenth, hundred place 4 times.
Number of numbers formed having 2 at thousands place = 1 × 3P3 = 6
1 way
3P3 ways
Sum of the numbers formed = 4(1 + 2 + 3) × 10° + 4 (1 + 2 + 3) × 101 + 4(1 + 2 + 3) × 102 + 4x(1 + 2 + 3)
× 103 = 38664
200. Answer (1)
Each prize can be distributed by 7 ways, so required number = 7 × 7 × 7 = 73
201. Answer (1)
Number of ways when there is no restriction = 8! ways. When all the three girls sit together, regarding three
girls as one person, total person = 5 + 1 = 6 and then can be arranged in 6!. 3! ways.
Required no of ways in which all the girls do not sit together = 8! – 6! 3!
= 8 × 7 × 6! – 6.6!
= 50 (6!)
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 53
202. Answer (4)
Number of girls = 4
Number of boys = 10 – 4 = 6
XBXBXBXBXBXBX
6 boys can be arranged in a row in 6! ways. If girls are arranged at the places indicated by crosses, no two
girls will be consecutive.
Required number of ways = 7P3 × 6!
7!
= × 6! = 7 × 6 × 5 × 6! = 30.(7!)
4!
8!
Total number of words when both ‘S’ are together = 2 !
9! 8! 7
Required number = 2 ! 2 ! – 2 ! = (8!)
4
205. Answer (2)
In ORANGE, there are 3 vowels and 3 consonants
1 2 3 4 5 6
There are ‘3’ odd places and 3 even places. Required Number of arrangement = 3!.3! = (3!)2
206. Answer (1)
5 Indians can be arranged along a round table by 4! ways
I
I I
I I
I
If Englishmen are arranged on the place indicated by ‘X’ then no two Englishmen will sit together.
Required number of ways = 4 ! × 5P4 = 4! 5!
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54 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
n (n – 1)
– n = 35
2
n2 – 3n = 70
⇒ n2 – 3n – 70 = 0
⇒ (n – 10) (n + 7) = 0
⇒ n = 10, (as n ≠ – 7)
211. Answer (1)
As C is always included and D is always excluded then total number of committee = selection of 3 from 4
persons (A, B, E, F) = 4C3 = 4
212. Answer (4)
a + b + c + d = 20
0 ≤ a ≤ 20, 0 ≤ b ≤ 20, 0 ≤ c ≤ 20 and 0 ≤ d ≤ 20
total number of non-negative integral solution = 20 + 4 – 1C = 23C = 23C
4–1 3 20
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 55
213. Answer (2)
nC n n
r + 1 + Cr–1 + 2. Cr
= nCr + 1 + nCr – 1 + nCr + nCr
= nCr+1 + nCr + nCr + nCr–1
= n+1Cr + 1 + n + 1Cr
= n + 2Cr + 1
214. Answer (1)
RANDOM alphabetical order ADMNOR
A or D or M or
N or O
4!
Words starting with M = = 12
2!
3!
Words starting with SA = =3
2!
Words starting with SL = 3! = 6
Next words is SMALL
∴ Rank = 12 + 24 + 12 + 3 + 6 + 1 = 58
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56 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
9!
= 3! 6!
= 84
219. Answer (4)
22C + 22C + 2{22C + 22C16} + 22C16 + 22C15
18 17 17
= 23C18 + 23C17 + 23C17 + 23C16
= 24C18 + 24C17
= 25C18 = 25C7
220. Answer (4)
n n
1
1
Sn =
r =0
n
Cr
=
r =0
n
Cn – r
n
1
=
r =0
n
Cn – r
n
n n–r r
n
∴ n Sn = n = n
+ n
r =0 Cn – r r =0 Cn–r C n–r
n n
n–r r
=
r =0
n
Cn – r
+
r =0
n
Cr
⇒ nSn = tn + tn
tn n
⇒ S =
n 2
221. Answer (2)
The number of triangles that can be formed by using the vertices of a regular polygon = nC3
i.e Tn + 1 =n+1C and Tn = nC3
3
∴ n + 1C – nC = 21
3 3
⇒n=7
⇒ n
C2 = 10
⇒ n=5
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 57
For second man/second woman = 9 options
Urn A Urn B
Two balls from urn A and two balls from urn B can be selected in 3C2 × 9C2 ways = 3 × 36 = 108
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58 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
7m + 7n is divisible by 5 if it ends with ‘zero’. For 7m + 7n to end in zero, the form of m and n should be as
follows
S. No. m n
1 4r 4s + 2
2 4r + 1 4s + 3
3 4r + 2 4s
4 4r + 3 4s + 1
Thus for a given values of m, there are just 25 values of n for which 7m + 7n ends in zero
(Ex. if m = 4r, then n = 2, 6, 10 ...98)
∴ there are 100 × 25 = 2500 ordered pair.
228. Answer (3)
The total no. of triangles, including the triangles formed by collinear points on AB, BC and CA is = 12C = 220
3
This includes the number of triangles formed by 3 points on AB ie 3C3 = 1, 4 point on BC = 4C3 = 4 and 5
points on BC = 5C3 = 10
Hence Required number of triangle = 220 – 1 – 4 – 10 = 205
229. Answer (3)
No. of ways to select two integers = 10C = 45
2
Number of 4 digit numbers
= 45(24 – 2) = 630 integers among these there are integers starting with 0
This number is 9C1(23 – 1) = 63
Desired number = 630 – 63 = 567
230. Answer (1)
6!
= 60
3! 2!
8!
= 4! 4!
6! 5!
− 2 × + 4!
2! 2! 2!
180 – 120 + 24 = 84
233. Answer (4)
If two A are in 2nd row
No. of ways = 1 × 3 × 4 × 5 = 60
If two A are in 3rd row
No. of ways = 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 = 120
If two A are in 4th row
No. of ways = 2 × 3 × 6 × 5 = 180
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 59
If two A are in 5th row
Number of ways = 2 × 3 × 4 × 10 = 240
Total number of ways = 600
234. Answer (2)
It can be formed by [4, 0, 0, 0]
[3, 1, 0 0], [2, 2, 0, 0], [2, 1, 1, 0], [1, 1, 1, 1]
So total number of such numbers
=1+6+3+9+1
= 20
235. Answer (1)
10100 = 21005100
Divisor at 10100 to be divisible by 290590,
Divisions, should be of form 2m.5n, 90 ≤ m ≤ 100, 90 ≤ n ≤ 100
Total no. of ways = 11 × 11 = 121
236. Answer (2)
Total number of ways = 324
237. Answer (4)
To get intersection point two point should be
selected on x-axis and two point on y-axis,
which will make one cross
∴ Number of ways
= 6C2 × 8C2
238. Answer (2)
Exponent of 2 is 100!
= 76
240. Answer (4)
1+1+1+1+2+3=9
or 1 + 1 + 1 + 2 + 2 + 2
6! 6!
Required number = + = 30 + 20 = 50
4! 3! 3!
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60 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
log2
( )
logn 2231 = 3 × 7 × 1 ×
log n
n – 1C
( n − 1)( n − 2)
After selecting x2020 we remain with 2 ways = ways
2
244. Answer (3)
1000
n ( A2 ) = = 500
2
1000
n ( A3 ) = = 333
3
1000
n ( A5 ) = = 200
5
n(A2 ∩ A3) = 166; n(A3 ∩ A5) = 66
n(A2 ∩ A5) = 100; n(A2 ∩ A3 ∩ A5) = 33
∴ n(A2 ∪ A3 ∪ A5) = 500 + 333 + 200 – 166 – 66 – 100 + 33 = 734
245. Answer (4)
26 cards can be chosen out of 52 cards in 52C26 ways. These are two ways in which each card can be dealt,
because a card can be either from the first pack or from the second. Hence, the total number of ways is 52C26
× 226.
246. Answer (3)
Selection of 3 IIT students be done in 6C3 ways
∴ Total ways 6 C3 × 2 × 3 × 4
247. Answer (4)
n = dividing 17 identical things in two groups
17 + 1
n= =9
2
There is no effect if two diamonds are different as necklace can be flipped over
∴ m=n=9
∴ m + n = 18
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 61
248. Answer (2)
Total ways are 10C – 8C4
6
(x + ) ( )
5 5
x3 − 1 + x − x3 − 1
= 2 x 5 + 10( x 6 − x 3 ) + 5 x ( x 6 − 2 x 3 + 1)
= 2 x 5 + 10 x 6 − 10 x 3 + 5 x 7 − 10 x 4 + 5 x
= 2 5 x 7 + 10 x 6 + x 5 − 10 x 4 − 10 x 3 + 5 x
Sum of odd degree terms coefficients
= 2(5 + 1 – 10 + 5)
=2
Coefficient of x7 in
(1− x − x )
6
2
+ x3 = 6C1. 6C3 − 6C3 . 6C2 + 6C5 . 6C1
= 6 × 20 − 20 ×15 + 6 × 6
= –144
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62 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
15
Coefficient of x0 in (1 + x)12 1 + 1
x
Coefficient of x0 in (1 + x)12 (1 + x)15 . x–15
= Coefficient of x15 in (1 + x)27
= 27 C = 27C
15 12
254. Answer (3)
8
1
Coefficient of x–1 in (1+ 3x2 + x4) 1 +
x
8 8
1 1
8 1
= Coefficient of x–1 in 1 + + Coefficient of x–1 in 3 x 2 1 + + Coefficient of x–1 in x4 1 + x
x x
= 8C7 + 8C3 + 3· 8C5 = 232
255. Answer (4)
Coefficient of xr in the expansion of (1 – x)2n –1 = 2n – 1C
r (–1)r
According to the question,
ar = 2n–1C (–1)r
r
ar–1 = 2n–1Cr–1 (–1)r–1
a2n–r = 2n–1C2n – r (–1)2n–r
Now, ar–1 + a2n–r = 2n–1Cr–1 [(–1)r–1 + (–1)r]
= 0 as 2n – 1Cr – 1 = 2n – 1C2n – r
For coefficient x −4 r = 15
12
18 1
C12
m 2
⇒ = 15
= 182
n 18 1
C15
2
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 63
256. Answer (2)
16
Here n = 16 which is even, So, + 1 th i.e. 9th term is middle term
2
8
16C 1 1
t9 = 8 (x)16–8 – = 16C8 8
2x 2
7 +1 7+3
∴ th and th i.e. 4th and 5th terms will be the two middle terms
2 2
7
2 1
Now, 4th term in the expansion of 2 x –
x
3
– 1
= 7C (2x2)7–3 = – 560x5
3
x
7
2 1
and 5th term in the expansion of 2 x –
x
4
1
= 7C (2x2)7–4 – = 280x2
4
x
258. Answer (2)
(1 – 2x + x2)n = (1 – x)2n
2n
as 2n is even so + 1 th term i.e. (n + 1)th term is middle term
2
∴ Coefficient in tn+1 = (–1)n 2nC
n
⇒ 2r + r + 1 = 43
⇒ r = 14
260. Answer (2)
p(x) = 62n – 35n – 1
= (36)n – 35n – 1
= (35 + 1)n – 35n – 1
= nC035n + nC135n–1 + nC2 35n–2 + ...+ nCn–1 35 + nCn – 35n – 1
= nC0 35n + nC1 35n–1 + nC2 35n–2 + ...+ nCn–2 352
= 352[nC0 35n–2 + nC1 35n–3 + nC2 35n–4 + ...+ nCn–2]
= 1225 [nC035n–2 + nC135n–3 + ...+ nCn–2]
Clearly, 62n – 35n – 1 is divisible by 1225 for all positive integer n
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64 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
n n n n
S =
r =1
tr =
r =1
r nCr =
r =1
n n –1
C r –1 = n
r =1
n –1
Cr –1 = n.2n–1
S =
r =0
tr = (r + 1) C
r =0
r
= r C
r =0
r + Cr
n n
=
r =0
n. n –1
C r –1 + C
r =0
r
= n.2n–1 + 2n
= 2n–1 ( n + 2)
1
21
C1 + 21C2 + ... + 21C10 =
2
{ 21
}
C0 + 21C1 + ... + 21C21 − 1 = 220 – 1
( 10
C1 + 10C2 + ... + 10C10 = 210 − 1 )
∴ Required sum = (220 – 1) – (210 – 1) = 220 – 210
t r = (– 1) r –1
.r n
Cr
r =1
n
=n (– 1)
r =1
r –1 n –1
. C r –1
= n (n–1C0 – n–1C
1 + n–1C
2 – n–1C
3 + ...) = 0
264. Answer (2)
(1 + x + x2)n = a0 + a1x + a2x2 + ... + a2nx2n
Put x = – 1
(1 – 1 + 1)n = a0 – a1 + a2 – a3 + ... + a2n
⇒ 1 = a0 – a1 + a2 – a3 + ...+ a2n
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 65
265. Answer (3)
Given, ( 2+3 ) 1 / 5 10
10 – r + 1 r –1
tr = rth term = 10C
r–1 (2) 2 (3 ) 5
n +1 n +1
Cr
= (– 1)
r =1
r –1
n +1
1
= n +1 [ n +1
C1 – n +1
C2 + n +1
C3 ... + (– 1)
n n +1
]
Cn + 1 =
1
n +1
268. Answer (1)
n n n +1
C 2 r –1 C 2r – 1 C 2r
tr = =
2r (2r – 1) + 1 = n +1
n n n +1
C2r
Now,
C1 C3 C5
2
+
4
+
6
+ ... =
r =1
tr =
r =1
n +1
1
= n +1 [ n +1
C2 + n +1
C4 + n +1
C6 + ... ]
1
= n +1 [ n +1
C0 + n +1
C2 + n + 1 C 4 + ... – n +1
C0 ]
1
= n +1 2 [
n + 1 –1
–1 =
2n – 1
n +1
]
269. Answer (3)
General term in the expansion of (1 – x)–n
= tr + 1 = n (n+ 1) (n + 2 ) ... (n + r – 1) x r
r!
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66 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
–5
tr + 1 in the expansion of (1 – 2 x ) 2
5 5 5 5
+ 1 + 2 … + r – 1
2 2 2 2
= (2x )r
r!
5.7.9...(3 + 2r ) 15015 6
= .2 r . x r = x
2 r!r 16
15015
Coefficient of x6 in (1 – 2 x )– 5 / 2 =
16
270. Answer (1)
Sn = ( −1) ( r + 1) . C
r = 0
r 2 n
r
= ( −1) ( r
r = 0
r 2
+ 2r + 1) nCr
n n n
=
r = 0
( −1)r . r 2 . nCr +
r = 0
( −1)r .2r . nCr + ( −1) . C
r = 0
r n
r =0
( x n )n
(1 + x + x2 + ... + xn)n = a0 + a1x + ... + an n
Differentiating and putting x = 1, we get
n(1 + x + x2 + ... + xn)n – 1 (1 + 2x + 3x2 + ... + n x n –1) = a1x + 2a2x + ...
⇒ a1 + 2a2 + 3a3 +...
= n(1 + 1 + 1 + ... + 1n)n – 1 . (1 + 2 + ... + n)
n −1 n ( n + 1) n 2
= n ( n + 1) .
= ( n + 1)n
2 2
272. Answer (3)
We have
n
r . C p .q
r =0
2 n
r
r n −r
= r.r . C . p q
r =0
n
r
r n−r
= n r .
r =0
n −1
Cr −1 . p r q n − r
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 67
n
= n (r − 1 + 1)
r =0
n −1
Cr −1 . p r . q n − r
n n
= n
r =0
r − 1 . n −1Cr −1 . p r . q n − r + n
r =0
n −1
Cr −1 p r . q n − r
n n
= n ( n − 1) p
2
r =0
n −2
Cr − 2 p r − 2 q n − r + np r =0
n −1 (
Cr −1 p r −1 . q n −1− r −1
)
n(n – 1) p2 + np
n2p2 – np2 + np
n2p2 + np (1 – p)
n2p2 + npq.
273. Answer (2)
(1 + x)n = C0 + C1x + C2x2+ ...+ Cnxn ...(i)
(1 + x)n = C0xn + C1xn–1 + C2xn–2 + ...+ Cn ...(ii)
on multiplying (i) & (ii)
(1 + x)2n = (C0 + C1x + C2x2 + ...+ Cnxn). (C0xn + C1xn–1 + C2xn–2 + ...+ Cn)
Now equating coefficient of xn–1 from both side we get, 2nC
n–1 = C0.C1 + C1 . C2 + C2 . C3 + ... + Cn–1 Cn
274. Answer (2)
We have
1 1 1
+ + + ...
n ! 2! (n – 2 )! 4 ! (n – 4 )!
1 n ! n! n!
= n ! n ! + 2 ! (n – 2)! + 4! (n – 4) ! + ...
1
= n! [C
n
0 + nC2 + nC 4 + ... = ] 1 n –1 2n –1
n!
2 =
n!
n (n – 1 ) 2
1 + nx + x + ...
2!
1
We get nx =
9
n (n – 1) 2 4
and x =
2 162
1 1
on solving, n = – and x = –
3 3
1 1 1
– –
1 3 2 3 3 3
∴ sum of series = 1 – = =
3 3 2
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68 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
212 + 26
⇒ = a0 + a2 + a4 + ...+ a12
2
⇒ 211 + 25 – a0 = a2 + a4 + ... + a12
⇒ 211 + 25 – 1 = a2 + a4 + ... + a12
277. Answer (2)
10 – r + 1 r –1 11 – r
x – 2 1
tr = 10C 2 = 10C (– 2)r–1 x13–3r
r–1
3 x r–1
3
Now, 13 – 3r = 4
⇒r=3
278. Answer (2)
It is given, coefficient of x7 = Coefficient of x8
7 8
1 1
nC 2n–7 = nC8 2n–8
7 3
3
⇒ 6 (C )=
n
7
nC
8
⇒ 48 = n – 7
⇒ n = 55
18 × 17 × 16 4a + 18 × 17
= − .8 + − 36b = 0
6 2
= –51 × 16 × 8 + a × 36 × 17 – 36b = 0
= –34 × 16 + 51a – 3b = 0
= 51a – 3b = 34 × 16 = 544
= 51a – 3b = 544 ... (i)
Only option number (2) satisfies the equation number (i).
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279. Answer (3)
n
C r –1
tr = 3 r .
r
n +1 n
C r –1
Now, 3C0 + 32
C1
2
C
3
C
+ 3 3 2 + ... + 3 n + 1 n =
n +1
r =1
3r
r
n +1 n +1 n +1
Cr
3
r =1
r
n +1 =
1
n + 1 r =1
3r n +1
Cr
1
= n +1 [ n +1
C1 3 + n +1
C 2 3 2 + ... + n +1
Cn + 13 n + 1 ]
1
= n +1 [ n +1
C0 + n +1
C1 3 + n +1
C2 3 2 + ... + n +1
Cn + 13 n + 1 – n +1
C0 ]
1
[
= n + 1 (1 + 3 )
n +1
–1 =
4n + 1 – 1
n +1
]
280. Answer (2)
nC + nC1(ax)1 + nC2(ax)2 + ...... = 1 + 8x + 24x2 + ...... comparing coeff. of x0, x1, x2
0
nC =1⇒1=1
0
8
nC a
1 = 8 ⇒ na = 8 ⇒ n =
a
n n(n − 1) 2
C2 a2 = 24 a = 24
2
8 2 8
⇒ − a 2 = 48
a a
64 – 8a = 48
a=2
∴ n=4
a−n 2−4 1
= =−
a+n 2+4 3
281. Answer (4)
Expression
−5 −10
1 1
= (1 + x 2 )40 x 2 + 2 + 2 = (1 + x 2 )40 x +
x x
= (1 + x 2)30x10
The coefficient of x20 in x10(1 + x2)30
= the coefficient of x10 in (1 + x2)30
= 30C
5
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70 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
10
( x1/3 )3 + 23 1− 4x
Expression = 2/3 1/3
− 1/2 1/2
x − 2x + 4 x (1 − 2 x )
10
( x1/3 + 2)( x 2/3 − 2 x1/3 + 4) (1– 2x1/2 )(1 + 2 x1/2 )
= −
( x 2/3 − 2 x1/3 + 4) x1/2 (1– 2 x1/2 )
= (x1/3 – x–1/2)10
Tr + 1 = 10Cr(x1/3)10 – r.(–1)r.(x–1/2)r
10 − r r 20 −5 r
−
= 10Cr ( x ) 3 2 ( −1)r = 10Cr ( −1)r ( x ) 6
20 − 5r
thus, =0
6
5r = 20
r=4
Hence coefficient = 10C (–1)4 = 210
r
10
1/3 x 1/2 + 1
( ) { }
10
x + 1 − 1/2 = x 1/3 − x −1/2
x
( ) ( )
10 − r r
General term = 10
Cr ⋅ x1/3 ⋅ x −1/2
From question,
10 r r
− − =0
3 3 2
⇒ r=4
∴ nC : nCr : nCr + 1 = 1 : 7 : 42
r–1
1 Cr n − r + 1
n n
Cr −1 1 r
Now, n
= = n =
Cr 7 n − r + 1 7 Cr −1 r
n – 8r + 1 = 0 ...(i)
n
Cr 7 r +1 1 n Cr +1 n − r
And, = = n =
n
Cr +1 42 n−r 6 Cr r + 1
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 71
n – 7r – 6 = 0 ...(ii)
Solving (i) & (ii), we get
r = 7 and n = 55
284. Answer (1)
6n – 5n = (1 + 5)n – 5n
= [nC0 + nC1 × 5 + nC252 + nC353 + ..... + nCn(5)n]–5n
6n – 5n – 1 = 52(nC2 + nC3S + nC4S2 ...... nCn5n – 2]
= 25 × integer
∴ 6n – 5n leaves the remainder 1 when divided by 25.
285. Answer (2)
Coefficient of x28 in (1 + x3 – x6)30
30! n n
Tr = (1)n1 ( x 3 ) 2 ( − x 6 ) 3
n1 ! n2 ! n3 !
n1 + n2 + n3 = 30
3n2 + 6n3 = 28
No value of n1, n2 and n3 satisfy these equations so, coefficient is zero.
286. Answer (2)
n n
n
(2r + 1) C = (2r
r =0
n
r
r =0
n
Cr + nCr )
n
Cr = r
n −1
Cr −1
n n
= 2r
r =0
n
Cr +
r =0
n
Cr
n n
n
=2 r. r
r =0
n −1
Cr −1 +
r =0
n
Cr
= 2n.2n – 1 + 2n
= (n + 1)2n
287. Answer (3)
Let tr + 1 be first negative term.
7 7 7 7
2 2 − 1 2 − 2 ..... 2 − r + 1
Tr +1 = xr
r!
7
∴ − r +1< 0
2
9
<r
2
r≥5
∴ 6th term will be first negative term.
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72 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
∴ r=5
7 5 3 1 1
2 2 2 2 − 2
T6 = x5
5!
−7 5
= x
256
288. Answer (1)
We have,
2
1− x (1 − x )2
1+ x = = (1 − x )2 (1 + x )−2
(1 + x )2
2
1− x
∴ Coeff. of x4 in
1+ x
= 1 × 5 – 2 × (–4) + 1 × 3
=5+8+3
= 16
289. Answer (3)
We know,
bi = b i r i – 1 for i ≥ 1
∴ Given expression
= nC1b1 + nC2b2 + nC3b3 + ...... + nCnbn
= b1[nC1 + nC2r + nC3r2 ...... + nCnr n – 1]
b1 n
= [ C1r + nC2 r 2 + nC3 r 3 ..... nCn r n ]
r
b1
= [(1 + r )n − 1]
r
290. Answer (4)
599 = 5.598 = 5.(25)49
= 5(26 – 1)49
= 5[49C0(26)49 – 49C (26)48
1 + ..... + 49C (26)1
48 – 49C (26)0]
49
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 73
291. Answer (3)
2 × 1× 1
n = 2, L.H.S. =
2
(
= C02 – 2C12 + 3C22 )
= 12 – 2.22 + 3 × 1 = – 4
n
and for n = 2, ( –1) 2 ( n + 2 ) = –2 ( 2 + 2 ) = –4
2n.3n 63 m
∴ =
215 215
216m (1 + 215 )m
= =
215 215
1 1 1
= + an integer = =
215 215 215
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74 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
6!
(
(1) p ( 2x ) q −3 x 3 )
r
=
p!q ! r !
q + 3r = 3 and p + q + r = 6
(1) r = 1 q=0 p=5
(2) r = 0 q=3 p=3
=
6! ( −3)
+
( ) = 142
6! 23
5! 3! 3!
put x = 1
227 = 2[27C0 + 27C
1 + 27C
2 + ... 27C ]
13
Put x = 1
213 – 1 = 13C
2 + 13C
2 + 13C
3 + ... + 13C
13
Now, value of
= (27C1 + 27C
2 + 27C
3 + ... + 27C )
13 – (13C1 + 13C
2 + 13C
3 + ... + 13C )
13
= (226 – 1) – (213 – 1)
= 226 – 213
= 213(213 – 1)
296. Answer (3)
For n = 7
(7C0 + 7C1)(7C1 + 7C2)(7C2 + 7C3)(7C3 + 7C4)(7C4 + 7C5)(7C5 + 7C6)(7C6 + 7C7) = λ(C0C1C2C3 ... C7)
nC + nCr – 1 = n + 1C
r r
⇒ 8C × 8C2 × 8C3 × 8C4 × 8C5 × 8C6 × 8C7 = λ7C0 × 7C1 × 7C2 × 7C3 × 7C4 × 7C5 × 7C6 × 7C7
1
8 8 8 8 8 8 8
⇒ λ= × × × × × ×
8 −1 8 − 2 8 −3 8 − 4 8 −5 8 − 6 8 − 7
8 8 8 8 8 8 8
⇒ λ= × × × × × ×
7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 75
217
⇒ λ=
315
n +1
Cr n +1
=
n
Cr ( + 1− r)
n
100
Cr .29 − r . (1 − x )
100 100 − r
Coefficient of x91 in
r =1
1 9
Cr . ( 2 − 2 x )
100 100 − r
= Coefficient of x91 in
291 r = 1
1 100
Cr . ( 2 − 2 x )
100 100 − r
= Coefficient of x91 in
291 r = 1
1
= Coefficient of x91 in ( 3 − 2x )100 − ( 2 − 2x )100
291
1 100
− C91. 39. ( 2) + C91. 29. ( 2)
91 100 91
=
291
30 30
Cr + Cr + 1 31
30
=
Cr r +1
= Coefficient of x24 in
( x − 31) 30
30!
C24 . ( 31)
30 6
=
30!
299. Answer (4)
(x + 1)100 = C0x100 + C1x99 + C2x98 + C3x97 + ... ...(i)
(1 – x)100. x = C0x – C1x2 + C2x3 – C3x4 ...
On differentiating w.r.t x
–100x(1 – x)99 + (1 – x)100 = C0 – 2. C1x + 3. C2x2 – 4C3x3 + ... ...(ii)
Comparing the coefficient of x100 in the product of (i) and (ii)
1C02 – 2.C12 + 3.C22 – ... = Coefficient of x100 in (1 – x2)100 – 100x(1 + x)(1 – x)99
= 100C50 + 10099C49
= 51. 100C
50
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76 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
1 1 1 1 0 0
If A = – 1 0 1 , I = 0 1 0
2 1 0 0 0 1
1 – λ 1 1
– 1 – λ 1
=0
2 1 – λ
p
⇒ =–1
q
302. Answer (4)
(1) (AB + BA)′ = (AB)′ + (BA)′ = B′A′ + A′B′ = BA + AB
(2) (A + B)′ = A′ + B′ = A + B
(3) (A – B)′ = A′ – B′ = A – B
(4) (AB – BA)′ = (AB)′ – (BA)′ = B′A′ – A′B′ = BA – AB = – (AB – BA) hence AB – BA is skew symmetric matrix
303. Answer (3)
For commutative matrices this is standard result that (AB)n = AnBn
304. Answer (2)
Put a = 1, b = –1, c = 0 ⇒ k = 4
305. Answer (2)
4λ 3 + 2 6λ 2 6λ + 1
On differentiating 2 3 1 = 4aλ 3 + 3bλ 2 + 2λc + d
5 0 2
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 77
Put λ = 0
2 0 1
2 3 1 =d ,
5 0 2
⇒ 3(4 – 5) = d, ⇒ d = –3
x − 4 2x 2x
Δ = 2x x − 4 2x
2x 2x x−4
Also, C1 → C1 + C2 + C2
5 x − 4 2x 2x
Δ = 5x − 4 x − 4 2x
5x − 4 2x x−4
⇒ 5x – 4 is a factor
Δ = λ (5 x − 4)( x + 4)2
∴ B = 5, A = –4
1 0 2
A = 0 2 1 ...(i)
2 0 3
1 7
p = − , q = 3, r = −
2 2
1 7
∴ p+q+r = − + 3 − = −1
2 2
1
A−1 = ( 5I − A)
7
So, 1st statement is true.
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78 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 79
313. Answer (2)
AB = A ...(i)
BA = B ...(ii)
for involutory matrix or idempotent matrix we have to find A2.
A2 = (AB)A, by (i)
= A (BA), by associative law
= AB, by (ii)
= A, by (i)
⇒ A2 = A ...(iii)
again B2 = (BA)B, by (ii)
= B(AB), by associative law
= BA by (i)
= B by (ii)
⇒ B2 =B ...(iv)
by (iii) and (iv) A2 = A, B2 =B
Hence A and B are idempotent matrices.
314. Answer (1)
Trace of a matrix = sum of diagonal elements of matrix = 1 + 1 + 1 + ...n times = n
315. Answer (4)
A matrix which is upper and lower triangular matrix both must be of the following form
d1 0 0
0 d2 0
0 0 d 3
As here no condition is given on d1, d2, d3 hence the matrix must be diagonal matrix.
316. Answer (2)
The addition of a matrix and its additive inverse is equal to the null matrix which is called the additive identity
317. Answer (3)
C21 = The sum of product of corresponding elements of R2 of A with C1 of B
= 1 × 1 + 0 × 0 + |x| = 2
318. Answer (4)
If AB = 0 ⇒ |AB| = 0 ⇒ |A| |B| = 0, then both the matrices must be singular.
If |A| ≠ 0, then A–1 exist, then AB = O
A–1AB = A–1O
B=O
319. Answer (2)
Let y = |M – I | = |M – MM′| = |M (I – M′)| = |M| | I – M′|
but |M| = 1
⇒ y = |I – M′| = |(I – M′)| [using |A| = |A′|]
⇒ y = |I′ – (M′)′| = |I – M| = |(–1) (M – I )|
y = (– 1)n |M – I|
⇒y=–y
⇒y=0
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80 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
d1 0 0
B = x d
0 ⇒ |B| = d1d2d3
1 2
x 2 x 3 d 3
d1 0 0 |C | = d d d
C = 0 d2 1 2 3
0 | A | = | B | = |C |
0 0 d 3
324. Answer (2)
As |A| = 2, |B| = 1
⇒ ||A|B| adj (AB)| = | 2 × 1 adj (AB)| = |2(adj B) (adj A)|
= 23 |adj B| |adj A|
= 23 |B|3–1 |A |3–1 = 23 × 12 × 22 = 32
325. Answer (1)
The determinant of the matrix made by the cofactors of A = |A|3–1 = 42 = 16
1 α 3
1 3 3
2 4 4
|P| = 1(12 – 12) – α(4 – 6) + 3(4 – 6)
= 2α – 6
Also, |P| = |A|2 = 16
2α = 22
α = 11
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 81
326. Answer (2)
Number of the determinants = 2 × 3 × 4 = 24
327. Answer (3)
|A | = 1 (2 – 1) – 1 (– 2 + 1) + 2 (1 – 1)
= 1 – 1 (–1) + 0 = 1 + 1 = 2
C23
b32 = | A |
2
b32 = =1
2
As (A–1)–1 = A
⇒ B–1 = C = A
⇒ C12 = a12 = 1
C12 . b32 = 1 × 1 = 1
328. Answer (2)
The characteristic equation is
2−λ 2 1
1 3−λ 1 =0
1 2 2−λ
⇒ λ3 – 7λ2 + 11λ – 5 = 0
⇒ A3 – 7A2 + 11A – 5I = 0
∴ A3 – 7A2 + 10A = 5I – A
329. Answer (3)
a1, a2, a3, 5, 4, a6, ... are in H.P
1 1 1 1 1
∴ , , , , , ... are in A.P
a1 a2 a3 5 4
20 20
∴ a1 = 20, a2 = 10, a3 = , a6 = , ...
3 6
a1 a2 a3
∴ 5 4 a6 = a1 ( 4a9 − a8 a6 ) − a2 ( 5a9 − a7 a6 ) + a3(5a8 – 4a7)
a7 a8 a9
20 20 20 20 20 20 20 + 20 5. 20 4. 20
= 20 4. − . − 5. − .
9 8 6 2 9 7 6 3 8 7
50
=
21
330. Answer (4)
This is only possible if odd number of –1 are there
∴ Total number of matrices = (3C1 + 3C3)2 = 16
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82 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
adj B 5A
∴ = =1
C 5A
1 2 3
Δ= 4 5 6 = 0, hence the equations never have unique solution.
7 8 9
1 2 1 x1 3
2 3 1 x = 3
2
3 5 2 x3 1
1 2 1 x1 3
~ 0 –1 –1 x2 = –3
0 –1 –1 x3 –8
by R2 → R2 − 2R1
R3 → R3 − 3R1
1 2 1 x1 3
~ 0 1 1 x2 = 3
R3 → R3 − R2
0 0 0 x3 5
Clearly the given system of equations has no solution.
Alter
Subtracting the addition of first two equations from third equation, we get,
0 = –5, which is an absurd result.
Hence the given system of equation has no solution.
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 83
4 k 2
k 4 1 =0
2 2 1
⇒ 8 + k (2 − k ) + 2(2k − 8) = 0
⇒ − k 2 + 6k − 8 = 0
⇒ k 2 − 6k + 8 = 0
⇒ k = 2, 4
Clearly there exists two values of k.
k +1 8
=0
k k +3
⇒ k2 + 4k + 3 – 8k = 0
⇒ k = 1, 3
When k = 1, equation change to
2x + 8y = 4 ⇒ x + 4y = 2
and x + 4y = 2 ⇒ x + 4y = 2
⇒ Infinitely many solutions
When k = 3
4x + 8y = 12 ⇒ k + 2y = 3
8
and 3x + 6y = 8 and x + 2y =
3
⇒ No solution
∴ One value of k exists for which system of equation has no solution.
x1(2 − λ ) − 2 x2 + x3 = 0
2 x1 + x2 ( −λ − 3) + 2 x3 = 0
− x1 + 2 x2 − λx3 = 0
2−λ −2 1
2 −λ − 3 2 =0
−1 2 −λ
(2 − λ )(λ 2 + 3λ − 4) + 2( −2λ + 2) + (4 − λ − 3) = 0
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84 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
2λ 2 + 6λ − 8 − λ 3 − 3λ 2 + 4λ − 4λ + 4 − λ + 1 = 0
⇒ −λ 3 − λ 2 + 5λ − 3 = 0
⇒ λ 3 + λ 2 − 5λ + 3 = 0
λ 3 − λ 2 + 2λ 2 − 2λ − 3λ + 3 = 0
λ 2 (λ − 1) + 2λ (λ − 1) − 3(λ − 1) = 0
(λ − 1)(λ 2 + 2λ − 3) = 0
(λ − 1)(λ + 3)(λ − 1) = 0
⇒ λ = 1, 1, − 3
Two elements.
1 λ −1
λ −1 −1 = 0
1 1 −λ
1(λ + 1) – λ(– λ2 +1) + 1(– λ –1) = 0
λ3 – λ + λ + 1 – λ – 1 = 0
λ3 – λ = 0
λ(λ2 – 1) = 0
λ = 0, λ = ±1
Exactly three values of λ
1 1 1
1 a 1=0
a b 1
⇒ –(1 – a)2 = 0
⇒ a=1
For a = 1
Eq. (1) & (2) are identical i.e.,x + y + z = 1
To have no solution with x + by + z = 0.
b=1
1 k 3
∴ 3 k –2 = 0
2 4 –3
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 85
⇒ 44 – 4k = 0
∴ k = 11
Let z = λ
∴ x + 11y = –3λ
and 3x + 11y = 2λ
5λ λ
∴ x= ,y =– ,z=λ
2 2
5λ
·λ
xz
∴ = 2 = 10
y2 λ
2
– 2
1
⇒ |D| |I – CD| | D | = I – DC
⇒ |I – CD| = |I – DC|
335. Answer (4)
Options (1), (2) and (3) are true
But 4th option is false because adj(AB) = (adj B) (adj A)
336. Answer (4)
As options (1), (2), (3) all are true, hence option (4) is false.
337. Answer (2)
a b c
Let Δ = b c a = – (a3 + b3 + c3 – 3abc)
c a b
= – (a + b + c) (a2 + b2 + c2 – ab – bc – ca)
= –
1
2
(
(a + b + c ) 2a 2 + 2b 2 + 2c 2 – 2ab – 2bc – 2ca )
= –
1
2
(
(a + b + c ) (a – b )2 + (b – c )2 + (c – a )2 )
if Δ = 0, then (a – b)2 + (b – c)2 + (c – a)2 = 0 because (a + b + c ≠ 0)
⇒a=b=c
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86 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
1 −3 −4 1 −3 −4
A = −1 3 4 −1 3 4
2
1 −3 −4 1 −3 −4
0 0 0
∴ A2 = 0 0 0
0 0 0
∴ A is nilpotent matrix.
341. Answer (2)
x2 – x – 2 + x > 0 ⇒ x ∈ ( −2, − 2) ∪ ( 2, ∞ )
∴ x ∈ ( −∞, − 2) ∪ ( 2, ∞ )
m= 2
342. Answer (47)
1
Let m + = t t (t 3 − 3) = 18 ⇒ t = 3
m
2
1 1
2
m4 + 4
= m + − 2 − 2 = (9 – 2)2 – 2 = 47
m m
−p
⇒ 3α = –p ⇒ α = ⇒ p = –3α
3
q = α2 – α + α2 + α + α2 –1 = 3α2 – 1
p2
∴ =3
q +1
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 87
346. Answer (7)
f(0)⋅f(2) < 0
⇒ (m2 + 5) (m2 + 2m – 3) < 0
⇒ m ∈ ( −3,1) ∴ p + 10q = 07
347. Answer (1)
z +1 ω ω2 1 ω ω
1 =0 z + ω
3
ω z+ω 2
ω2
1 =0
ω2 1 z+ω ω2 1 ω
∴ z=0 1 solution
348. Answer (2)
|z1| = 12
|z2 – (3 + 4i)| = 5 |z1 – z2|min = 02
x + iy + x 2 + 4 2 = 2 + 8i
y = 8 & x + x 2 + 64 = 2 ⇒ x2 + 64 = 4 – 4x + x2
⇒ x = 15 ⇒ |z| = 17
350. Answer (21)
p3 – q3 = (p – q)(p2 + q2 + pq) = (p – q)((p – q)2 + 3pq)
∴ 7i (–49 + 3z) = 98i
3z – 49 = 14 ⇒ z = 21 ∴ x = 21 & y = 0
351. Answer (9)
Let roots be α, β, γ
2αγ
∴ β= αβ + βγ + αγ = 3αγ
α+γ
−54 3(27) 3
= β=−
10 β(10) 2
3 2
−3 −3 − 54 −3 − 27 = 0
∴ 10 − p ⇒ p=9
2 2 2
352. Answer (0)
2b = 2 + c ...(1)
c = bd
2
...(2)
2c(18)
d= ...(3)
18 + c
c + 2 36c
∴ c 2 =
2 18 + c
⇒ 18c2 + c3 = 18c2 + 36c
⇒ c = 0, ±6
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88 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
13r
−1(1 + r + r 2 ) =
12
⇒ 12r2 + 25r + 12 = 0
⇒ 12r2 + 16r + 9r + 12 = 0
⇒ 4r(3r + 4) + 3(3r + 4) = 0
4 −3
⇒ r =− or
3 4
a +4/3 16
∴ S∞ = = =
1 − r 1 + 3/4 21
354. Answer (25)
1 1
a1 = 5 = + 19d
20 a1
1 1 1 1
= + 19d & = + (n − 1)d < 0
25 5 an 5
gives n = 25
355. Answer (3050)
50 × 102 20 10
+ (105) − (110)
2 2 2
⇒ 5(510 + 210 – 110)
⇒ 5(610) = 3050
356. Answer (2)
2a a 3 b 4b 2 2a 43 b 4b 2
+ + ≥ 3 ⋅ ⋅
b3 3 9a 4 b 3 3 9a 2
2a a3 b 4b 2
∴ + + 4 ≥2
b3 3 9b
357. Answer (8)
m −5 + m −4 + 3m −3 + m 8 + m10 7
≥ 1
7
m −5 + m −4 + 3m −3 + m 8 + m10 + 1 ≥ 8
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 89
360. Answer (60)
(6 − 1)!
= 60
2
361. Answer (45)
TRIPLE I, E, TRPL
Total number of selections of atleast one vowel and one consonant is
(22 – 1)(24 – 1) = 3 × 15 = 45
362. Answer (120)
N = 23.35.57.73
We can choose 20 & 22
3 0, 3 2, 3 4
5 0, 5 2, 5 4, 5 6
7°, 72, 74, 76, 78
Total number of divisors = 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 = 120
363. Answer (12)
2 5 1 6b 15a
+ = a= or b=
a b 3 b − 15 a−6
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90 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
n
( x + y + z )n =
α+β+γ= n α⋅ β⋅γ
x α ⋅ y β ⋅ zγ
put x = y = z = 1 and n = 10
n
α+β+γ=10 α⋅ β⋅γ
= 310 m n = 310 m + n = 13
n(n − 1) 2 2
1 + nmx + m x + ... = 1 + 8 x + 24 x 2 + ...
2
m 2 n( n − 1)
mn = 8 and = 24
2
64 1
1 − = 24
2 n
n = 4 and m = 2 ⇒ m + n = 6
370. Answer (7)
5 5
1
1
x + ( x 3 − 1) 2 + x + ( x 3 − 1) 2 = C0x + C2x (x – 1) + C4x(x – 1)
5 5 5 3 3 5 3 2
1 x x2 x3 − 1 0 x − x4
Δ= x x2 1 = 3 Let D = 0 x − x 4 x3 − 1
x2 1 x x−x 4
x3 − 1 0
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Success Achiever (Solutions) Algebra 91
372. Answer (2)
2a −2 3
1 a 2 =0 ⇒ a3 – 2a – 4 = 0
2 0 a
⇒ (a – 2)(a2 + 2a + 2) = 0
⇒ a=2
373. Answer (2)
a b−c b+c
a+c b c −a
a−b a+b c
R2 → R2 – R1 and R3 → R3 – R1
a b−c b+c
c c −(a + b )
−b a + c −b
C2 → C2 – C1 and C2 → C3 – C2
a b−c −a 2c
2 2 2
c 0 −(a + b + c ) = (a + b + c)(a + b + c ) = 0
−b a + b + c −(a + b + c )
⇒ a+b+c=0
New ax + by + c = 0 ⇒ ax + by – a – b = 0 (c = –a – b
a(x – 1) + b(y – 1) = 0
It passes through (1, 1)
α+β=2
374. Answer (2)
b+c c +a a+b
a + b b + c c + a = 2(a + b + c )(a2 + b2 + c 2 − ab − bc − ca)
c +a a+b b+c
a b c
c a b = ( a + b + c )( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 − a b − b c − c a )
b c a
k =2
375. Answer (2)
a b−y c−z x −y 0
a−x b c−z =0 0 y −z = 0 (by R1 → R1 − R2 & R2 → R2 − R3
a−x b−y c a−x b−y c
⇒ x(cy + bz – yz) + y(az – zx) = 0
⇒ xyc + zxb + yza = 2xyz
a b c
+ + =2
x y z
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92 Algebra Success Achiever (Solutions)
x 2 x
x 2
x 6 = x (6 x − 6 x ) − 2(6 x 2 − 6 x ) + x( x 3 − x 2 )
x x 6
= x4 – x3 – 12x2 + 12x
Now 5λ1 + 4λ2 + 3λ3 + 2λ4 + λ5 = 5 – 4 – 36 + 24 + 0 = –11
377. Answer (2)
1 2 0 2 −1 5
A + 2B = 6 −3 3 2A − B = 2 −1 6
−5 3 1 0 1 2
On solving
1 0 2 0 1 −1
A = 2 −1 3 B = 2 −1 0
−1 1 1 3 1 0
tr(A) = 1 tr(B) = –1
tr(A) – tr(B) = 1 + 1 = 2
378. Answer (2)
|A| = 1 ⇒ |adjA| = 1
and |adj(adjA)| = 1
|adjA| + |adjadjA| = 1 + 1 = 2
379. Answer (2)
For solution be sides (0, 0, 0)
1 2 2
1 3 4 = 0
⇒ m–2=0 ⇒ m=2
3 4 m
1 2 2 1 2 2 9 8 8
A = 2 1 2 2 1 2 = 8 9 8
2
4 8 8 5 0 0
4 A = 8 4 8 5I = 0 5 0
8 8 4 0 0 5
0 0 0
A2 − 4 A − 5I = 0 0 0
0 0 0
|A2 – 4A – 5I| = 0
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