AC 150 5390 2D Heliports
AC 150 5390 2D Heliports
AC 150 5390 2D Heliports
Circular
U.S. Department
of Transportation
Federal Aviation
Administration
1 Purpose.
This advisory circular (AC) provides standards for the planning, design and
construction of heliports serving helicopters with single, tandem (front and rear) or dual
(side by side) rotors.
2 Cancellation.
This AC cancels AC 150/5390-2C, Heliport Design, dated April 24, 2012.
3 Applicability.
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) recommends the standards and guidelines
in this AC for uniformity in planning, design, and construction of heliports. This AC
does not constitute a regulation, is not mandatory and is not legally binding in its own
right. This AC will not be relied upon as a separate basis by the FAA for affirmative
enforcement action or other administrative penalty. The standards and guidelines
contained in this AC are practices the FAA recommends for establishing an acceptable
level of safety, performance, and operation for heliports. Conformity with this AC is
voluntary, except for the projects described in subparagraphs 1, 2, and 3 below:
Use of these standards and guidelines is mandatory for projects funded under
Federal grant assistance programs, including but not limited to the Airport
Improvement Program (AIP) and Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security
(CARES) Act Airport Grants program. See Grant Assurance #34. Heliport sponsors
should familiarize themselves with the obligations and assurances that apply to each
grant program from which they obtained grant funds.
This AC is mandatory, as required by regulation, for projects funded by the
Passenger Facility Charge (PFC) program. See PFC Assurance #9.
This AC has no applicability under Title 14 Code of the Federal Regulations (CFR)
Part 139 due to an exemption for heliport operators per § 139.1(c)(5).
Other federal agencies, states, or other authorities having jurisdiction over the
construction of heliports not funded with AIP, CARES Act, or PFC funds have
discretion in establishing the extent to which these standards apply.
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4 Related Documents.
ACs and Orders referenced in the text of this AC do not include a revision letter, as they
refer to the latest version. See Appendix E for a list of associated publications.
5 Principal Changes.
The AC incorporates the following principal changes:
Complete reorganization of this AC:
a. Consolidated Chapters 2, 3 and 4 (GENERAL AVIATION, TRANSPORT, and
HOSPITAL heliport chapters, respectively) into Chapter 2.
b. Consolidated Chapter 7 (Heliport Gradients and Pavement Design) into
Chapter 2.
c. Included a separate Chapter 3 on Heliport Taxiways, Taxi Routes, and
Helicopter Parking.
d. Included a separate Chapter 4 on Heliport Markings and Lighting.
e. Included a separate Chapter 7 on Heliport Site Safety Elements.
f. Added new Appendix B, Pre-designated Emergency Landing Areas (PELAs).
g. Incorporated Engineering Brief #87, Heliport Perimeter Light for Visual
Meteorological Conditions, into this AC to address specific heliport lighting
requirements. Heliport lighting design requirements are included in Appendix G.
Revised figures and tables to correspond with the design requirements and
dimensions for GENERAL AVIATION, TRANSPORT, and HOSPITAL heliports.
Enhanced the figures to include dimensional, layout, and offset requirements.
Updated the format of the document and made minor editorial changes throughout.
Included a heliport evaluation process flow chart in Appendix F.
7 Use of Metrics.
Throughout this AC, U.S. customary units are used followed with “soft” (rounded)
conversion to metric units. The U.S. customary units govern.
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John R. Dermody
Director of Airport Safety and Standards
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CONTENTS
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CONTENTS
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CHAPTER 3. Heliport Taxiways, Taxi Routes, and Helicopter Parking ............................ 3-1
3.1 General. ......................................................................................................................... 3-1
3.2 Taxiways and Taxi Routes. ........................................................................................... 3-1
3.3 Taxiway/Taxi Route Widths. ........................................................................................ 3-1
3.4 Taxiway Surfaces. ......................................................................................................... 3-6
3.5 Taxiway and Taxi Route Gradients. ............................................................................. 3-6
3.6 Helicopter Parking. ....................................................................................................... 3-6
3.7 Parking Position Sizes................................................................................................. 3-13
3.8 Walkways.................................................................................................................... 3-16
3.9 Fueling. ....................................................................................................................... 3-16
3.10 Tiedowns. .................................................................................................................... 3-16
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CONTENTS
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CONTENTS
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FIGURES
Figure 1-1. FAA Form 7480-1, Notice for Construction, Alteration and Deactivation of Airports
.................................................................................................................................. 1-12
Figure 1-2. Example of a Heliport Layout Plan......................................................................... 1-13
Figure 1-3. Example of a Heliport Location Map...................................................................... 1-14
Figure 1-4. Offsite Development Requiring Notice to the FAA ............................................... 1-17
Figure 2-1. GENERAL AVIATION Heliport – Basic Features .................................................. 2-2
Figure 2-2. TRANSPORT Heliport – Basic Features.................................................................. 2-3
Figure 2-3. HOSPITAL Heliport (Ground Level) – Basic Features............................................ 2-4
Figure 2-4. Heliport EMI Hazard Marking .................................................................................. 2-6
Figure 2-5. Heliport EMI Hazard Sign ........................................................................................ 2-7
Figure 2-6. TLOF/FATO/Safety Area Relationships and Minimum Dimensions ...................... 2-8
Figure 2-7. Heliport Gradients and Rapid Runoff Shoulder - Load-bearing FATOs ................ 2-12
Figure 2-8. Optional Elongated TLOF and FATO with Two Takeoff Positions....................... 2-13
Figure 2-9. Elevated Heliport: GENERAL AVIATION and HOSPITAL ................................ 2-15
Figure 2-10. Elevated Heliport: TRANSPORT ......................................................................... 2-16
Figure 2-11. Additional FATO Length for Heliports at Higher Elevations .............................. 2-19
Figure 2-12. Non-load-bearing FATO and Safety Area over Water: GENERAL AVIATION and
HOSPITAL Heliports .............................................................................................. 2-23
Figure 2-13. Non-load-bearing Safety Area over Water: TRANSPORT .................................. 2-24
Figure 2-14. Helicopter Landing Gear Loading: Gradients and Pavement ............................... 2-26
Figure 2-15. VFR Heliport Approach/Departure and Transitional Surfaces ............................. 2-28
Figure 2-16. VFR Curved Approach/Departure and Transitional Surfaces – GENERAL
AVIATION and TRANSPORT Heliports ............................................................... 2-29
Figure 2-17. VFR HOSPTIAL and PPR Heliport Optional Lateral Extensions of the 8:1
Approach/Departure Surface ................................................................................... 2-31
Figure 2-18. VFR HOSPITAL and PPR Heliport Optional Lateral Extension of the Curved 8:1
Approach/Departure Surface ................................................................................... 2-33
Figure 2-19. Flight Path Alignment Marking and Lights .......................................................... 2-34
Figure 2-20. Heliport Protection Zone (HPZ)............................................................................ 2-36
Figure 3-1. Taxiway/Taxi Route Relationship – Paved Taxiway ................................................ 3-2
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Figure 3-2. Taxiway/Taxi Route Relationship – Unpaved Taxiway with Elevated Retroreflective
Edge Markers ............................................................................................................. 3-3
Figure 3-3. Taxiway/Taxi Route Relationship – Unpaved Taxiway with In-Pavement
Retroreflective Edge Markers .................................................................................... 3-4
Figure 3-4. Hover Taxi Area ........................................................................................................ 3-5
Figure 3-5. Typical Parking Area Design – “Taxi-through” Parking Positions. ......................... 3-7
Figure 3-6. Typical Parking Area Design – “Turn-around” Parking Positions ........................... 3-8
Figure 3-7. Typical Parking Area Design – “Back-out” Parking Positions................................. 3-9
Figure 3-8. “Turn-around” Parking Position Marking............................................................... 3-11
Figure 3-9. “Taxi-through” and “Back-out” Parking Position Marking .................................... 3-12
Figure 3-10. Parking Position Identification, Size, and Weight Limitations – Paved Areas, Turn-
Around Parking ........................................................................................................ 3-14
Figure 3-11. Parking Position Identification, Size, and Weight Limitations – Paved Areas, “Taxi-
through” and “Back-out” Parking ............................................................................ 3-15
Figure 4-1. Standard TLOF Markings ......................................................................................... 4-3
Figure 4-2. Standard Heliport Identification Symbol, TLOF Size and Weight Limitations ....... 4-4
Figure 4-3. HOSPITAL Heliport – Standard Identification Marking.......................................... 4-5
Figure 4-4. HOSPITAL Heliport – Alternative Identification Marking ...................................... 4-6
Figure 4-5. Paved TLOF/Paved FATO – Paved TLOF/Unpaved FATO – Marking:
TRANSPORT Heliports and Other Heliports with a Paved TLOF ........................... 4-7
Figure 4-6. Unpaved TLOF/Unpaved FATO – Marking: GENERAL AVIATION and
HOSPITAL Heliports ................................................................................................ 4-8
Figure 4-7. Extended Pavement/Structure Marking: GENERAL AVIATION and HOSPITAL
Heliports................................................................................................................... 4-11
Figure 4-8. Marking a Closed Heliport ...................................................................................... 4-15
Figure 4-9. Elevated TLOF – Perimeter Lighting ..................................................................... 4-17
Figure 4-10. TLOF/FATO Perimeter Lighting .......................................................................... 4-18
Figure 4-11. TLOF In-pavement and FATO Elevated Perimeter Lighting ............................... 4-19
Figure 4-12. FATO Elevation .................................................................................................... 4-21
Figure 4-13. Landing Direction Lights. ..................................................................................... 4-23
Figure 5-1. Example of Heliport Facilities Located on an Airport .............................................. 5-2
Figure 6-1. FARA/FATO Relationship: Precision Instrument Procedure ................................... 6-4
Figure 6-2. Heliport Instrument Lighting System (HILS): Non-precision .................................. 6-6
Figure 6-3. Heliport Approach Lighting System ......................................................................... 6-7
Figure 6-4. Visual Glideslope Indicator (VGSI) Siting and Clearance Criteria .......................... 6-9
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Figure 7-1. Airspace Where Heliport Marking and Lighting are Recommended: Straight
Approach .................................................................................................................... 7-2
Figure 7-2. Airspace Where Heliport Marking and Lighting are Recommended: Curved
Approach .................................................................................................................... 7-3
Figure 7-3. Heliport Caution Sign ............................................................................................... 7-5
Figure D-1. Form and Proportions of 36-inch (0.9 m) Numbers for Marking Size and Weight
Limitations ................................................................................................................ D-2
Figure D-2. Form and Proportions of 18-inch (0.5 m) Numbers for Marking Size and Weight
Limitation.................................................................................................................. D-3
TABLES
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CHAPTER 1. Introduction
1.1 Background.
Section 103 of the Federal Aviation Act of 1958 states in part, “In the exercise and
performance of his power and duties under this Act, the Secretary of Transportation
shall consider the following, among other things, as being in the public interest: (a) The
regulation of air commerce in such manner as to best promote its development and
safety and fulfill the requirements of defense; (b) The promotion, encouragement, and
development of civil aeronautics . . .” This public charge, in effect, requires the
development and maintenance of a national system of safe heliports. Using the
standards and recommendations contained in this publication in the design of heliports
supports this public charge.
These standards and recommendations do not limit or regulate the operations of
helicopters, aircraft or heliports. When it is not feasible to meet the standards and
recommendations in this advisory circular (AC), consult with the appropriate offices of
the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) Office of Airports and Flight Standards
Service to identify possible adjustments to include operational procedures that
accommodate safe heliport operations to the maximum extent.
The guidance provided in this AC is limited to heliports and helicopter operations. This
AC does not specifically consider the characteristics of all vertical takeoff and landing
(VTOL) aircraft or unmanned aircraft. New aircraft entrants that have an interest in
operating at heliports should work with the FAA Office of Airports and Flight
Standards to demonstrate that their aircraft’s operational and safety parameters comply
with this AC, prior to operations.
The FAA is developing guidance for vertiports that would be intended for VTOL
and/or unmanned aircraft. Until that guidance is published, entities developing
operating sites for new aircraft entrants are encouraged to work with the FAA Office of
Airports and Flight Standards on applicable design, operational, and safety criteria
tailored to the performance of aircraft which intend to operate at those facilities.
1.2 General.
This chapter provides:
• an explanation of terms used in this AC,
• notification responsibilities of heliport proponents to the FAA,
• general heliport siting guidance, and
• sources of technical information relating to the planning and design of a civil
heliport.
1.3 Facilities.
Most heliports are not large and elaborate. A minimal facility may be adequate as a
private-use prior permission required (PPR) heliport (see Appendix A) and may serve as
the initial phase in the development of a public-use heliport capable of serving the
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general aviation segment of the helicopter community. See Chapter 2 for requirements
and design guidance for each specific heliport type.
The basic elements of a heliport include:
• clear approach/departure paths,
• clear area for ground maneuvers,
• final approach and takeoff area (FATO),
• touchdown and liftoff area (TLOF),
• safety area, and
• a wind cone.
1.4 Planning.
This AC is a design document intended to assist engineers, architects, and city planners
to design, locate, and build a suitable heliport. While the heliport itself may be simple,
the planning and organization necessary to properly develop a heliport can present
challenges. Ensure proper consideration of the physical, technical, safety, and public
interest matters described in this document during the planning and establishment of a
heliport.
1.6 Location.
The optimum location for a heliport is near the desired origination and/or destination of
the potential heliport users. Industrial, commercial, and medical operations in urban
locations are demand generators for helicopter services, even though they often compete
for the limited ground space available.
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1.7 AC Organization.
This AC covers GENERAL AVIATION heliports (including PPR heliports),
TRANSPORT heliports, HOSPITAL heliports, and emergency landing facilities.
Heliport proponent familiarity with the terminology used in this specialized field is
imperative. See paragraph 1.8 for specific heliport terminology and definitions.
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1.8.14 Helipad.
A small, designated area, usually with a prepared surface, on a heliport, airport,
landing/takeoff area, apron/ramp, or movement area used for takeoff, landing, or
parking of helicopters. A helipad on an airport does not constitute a heliport.
1.8.15 Heliport.
An area of land, water, or structure used or intended to be used for helicopter landings
and takeoffs and includes associated buildings and facilities.
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1.8.21 Helistop.
A heliport that provides no fueling, defueling, maintenance, repairs, or storage of
helicopters. The geometry and approach/departure surfaces of a helistop are identical to
those of a heliport. This AC does not use this term, as the design standards and
recommendations in this AC apply to all heliports.
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• lighting
• obstacles in the area
• size and weight capacity of the facility
• heliport facility limitations
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1.8.45 Taxiway.
A marked route between the TLOF and other areas on the heliport. This AC defines two
types of helicopter taxiways:
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1.9.1 Wind.
Well-designed approach/departure paths permit pilots to avoid downwind conditions
and minimize crosswind operations. Align the preferred flight approach paths and
departure paths, to the extent feasible, with the predominant wind direction. Base other
approach paths and departure paths on the assessment of the prevailing winds or, when
this information is not available, separate such flight paths and the preferred flight path
by at least 135 degrees. If it is not feasible to provide adequate coverage of wind
conditions through multiple approach/departure paths, operational limitations may be
necessary under certain wind conditions. See paragraph 2.12.1.
1.9.2 Obstructions.
In determining approach/departure paths, consider any existing or proposed (future)
obstructions near the heliport and those likely to be a hazard to air navigation. See
paragraph 1.11.
1.10.1 Draw the heliport layout plan to scale showing key dimensions, such as:
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• heliport elevation
• TLOF size
• FATO size
• safety area size
• distance from safety area perimeter to property edges
• approach/departure paths showing locations of:
o buildings
o trees
o fences
o power lines
o obstructions (including elevations)
o schools
o churches
o hospitals
o residential communities
o waste disposal sites
o other significant features, as specified on FAA Form 7480-1 and shown in
Figure 1-2.
1.10.2 The preferred type of heliport location map using current web-based satellite imagery.
Show the location of the heliport site and the approach/departure paths on the map.
Point out the heliport site on this map with a red arrow. Indicate the latitude and
longitude of the proposed heliport in North American Datum of 1983 (NAD-83)
coordinates. See Figure 1-3.
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Figure 1-1. FAA Form 7480-1, Notice for Construction, Alteration and
Deactivation of Airports
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Earhart Avenue
City City
Property Office Property
Approach/departure
TLOF FATO Safety Area surface
Draw heliport layout plan to scale with key dimensions and locations, including:
a. TLOF and FATO size
b. Safety area dimensions
c. Distances from the safety area perimeter to property boundaries, buildings, etc.
d. Site furnishings (bollards, signs, benches, and other site accessories)
See Chapter 2 for guidance on heliport facility sizes and shapes.
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Heliport
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6
200 ft
[61 m]
3
2
5
5000 ft
[1524 m] 4
Notice under Part 77 is required for all public-use heliports or private-use heliports with at
least one FAA-approved instrument approach procedure.
Offsite Development Examples for Figure 1-4:
① Building is less than 200 feet (ft) (61 meters (m)) in height, but top will penetrate the 25:1
surface (notice required by § 77.9).
② Antenna is over 200 ft (61 m) in height (notice is required by § 77.9(a)).
③ Antenna is less than 200 ft (61 m) in height and penetrates the 25:1 surface (notice is
required by § 77.9(b)(3)).
④ Construction crane penetrates 25:1 surface (notice is required by § 77.9(b)(3)).
⑤ Building is less than 200 ft (61 m) in height and does not penetrate the 25:1 surface
(notice is not required).
⑥ Building is more than 5,000 ft (1,524 m) from heliport (notice is required if building will
be 200 ft (61 m) or more in height).
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approach/departure paths including their azimuths, and types of approaches for any new
FATO or modification of an existing FATO are included in heliport plan data.
1.13.2 Guidance.
FAA Order 1050.1, Polices and Procedures for Considering Environmental Impacts,
FAA Order 5050.4, National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) Implementing
Instructions for Airport Projects, and other supplemental guidance from FAA Air
Traffic and Flight Standards provide guidance on environmental impact analysis.
Contact state and local governments, including metropolitan planning organizations and
local transit agencies, directly, as they may also necessitate an environmental report.
The procedures in AC 150/5020-1, Noise Control and Compatibility Planning for
Airports, describe a means of assessing the noise impact. Contact the appropriate FAA
Airports Regional or District Office for current information related to assessing the
noise impact of heliports. Proponents of non-federally assisted heliports work with local
governmental authorities concerning environmental issues.
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2.1 General.
This chapter provides guidance on the design of heliports. There are three types of
heliports. GENERAL AVIATION, TRANSPORT, and HOSPITAL. Figure 2-1, Figure
2-2, and Figure 2-3 show basic features of these three heliport types. See paragraph 1.8
for descriptions of the three heliport types. This chapter provides general heliport design
guidance and also highlights any differences in design elements among the types of
heliports.
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Wind cone
Approach/departure
TLOF FATO Safety Area surface
Locate the wind cone outside of the Safety Area. Ensure the wind cone and any security fencing or
security barrier will not interfere with the approach/departure surface or transitional surface.
See Chapter 4 for guidance on heliport markings.
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Approach/departure
TLOF FATO Safety Area surface
Locate the wind cone outside of the Safety Area. Ensure that the wind cone and any security
fencing or security barrier will not interfere with the approach/departure surface or transitional
surface.
See Chapter 4 for guidance on heliport markings.
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Approach/departure
TLOF FATO Safety Area surface
Locate the security fence and wind cone outside of the Safety Area. Ensure that the wind cone and
any security fencing or security barrier will not interfere with the approach/departure surface or
transitional surface.
See Chapter 4 for guidance on heliport markings.
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2.5.3 Turbulence.
Air flowing around and over buildings, stands of trees, terrain irregularities, etc., can
create turbulence on ground-level and roof-top heliports that may affect helicopter
operations. Assess the turbulence and airflow characteristics near, and across the
surface of the FATO, and along the final section of the approach/departure path to
determine if an air gap among the roof, roof parapet or supporting structure, and/or
some other turbulence mitigating design measure is necessary. Perform this assessment
where the FATO is located near the edge and top of a building or structure, or within
the influence of turbulent wakes from other buildings or structures. The FAA’s
Technical Report FAA/RD-84/25, Evaluating Wind Flow around Buildings on Heliport
Placement, addresses the wind’s effect on helicopter operations. Take the following
actions in selecting a site to minimize the effects of turbulence, as described in
paragraphs below.
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Be alert to the location of any such devices with respect to a HOSPITAL heliport. A
warning sign alerting pilots to the presence of an MRI is recommended. Take steps to
inform pilots of the MRI locations or other electromagnetic equipment that consume
large amounts of electricity. Heliports are recommended to include Heliport
electromagnetic interference (EMI) hazard marking and signage to alert pilots to
potential EMI impacts, as shown in Figure 2-4 and Figure 2-5. Locate the EMI hazard
sign at ingress/egress points on the heliport for maximum visibility.
For additional information, see the FAA’s Technical Report FAA/RD-92/15, Potential
Hazards of Magnetic Resonance Imagers to Emergency Medical Service Helicopter
Services.
Align the compass with magnetic north. Use arrows, as shown, to indicate the four cardinal
headings (N, S, E, W) and four intercardinal headings (NE, SE, SW, and NW).
Use a minimum dimension of a 6-foot (1.8 m) outer diameter and a 4-foot (1.2 m) inner diameter
for the compass circle.
Use blue paint for the compass circle and white paint for the inner portion of the compass. If
necessary for visual contrast, use a one-foot white outline along the outer edge of the compass and
arrows.
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F B
Square, see note 2
A C
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hard landing. For design purposes, assume dynamic loads at 150 percent of
the takeoff weight of the design helicopter. When specific loading data is
not available, assume 75 percent of the weight of the design helicopter is
applied equally through the contact area of the rear two wheels (or the pair
of rear wheels of a dual-wheel configuration) of a wheel-equipped
helicopter. For a skid-equipped helicopter, assume 75 percent of the
weight of the design helicopter is applied equally through the aft contact
areas of the two skids of a skid-equipped helicopter. (See Figure 2-14.)
Contact manufacturers to obtain the aft contact area for specific helicopters
of interest.
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and 1.5 percent. Grade the entire TLOF to provide positive drainage. In addition, slope
grades away from ingress/egress areas and emergency exits. See Figure 2-7.
Safety
TLOF FATO area
10 ft (3 m) Shoulder
See paragraph 2.7.5 for specific gradient standards for HOSPITAL, GENERAL AVIATION, and
TRANSPORT heliports.
The slope direction is based on the topography of the site.
Grade the TLOF, FATO, and safety area to provide positive drainage of the entire area for the
TLOF, FATO, and safety area.
Stabilize FATO non-load-bearing surfaces.
2.7.6.1 Where space allows, an elongated TLOF and FATO can be provided to
enhance safety and operational flexibility. This enhanced safety is
particularly relevant during emergency landings as the elongated TLOF
provides a longer TLOF area and longer FATO area for approach and
landing. This configuration also provides enhanced obstruction clearance
both longitudinally (along the approach/departure surfaces) and laterally
(due to the longer transitional surfaces).
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Figure 2-8. Optional Elongated TLOF and FATO with Two Takeoff Positions
Takeoff Position
Takeoff Position
F
A
E Landing Position
C
Table 2-2. Minimum Dimensions for Elongated FATO with Two Takeoff Positions
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Table 2-3. TLOF Elevation and Configuration of Rooftop and other Elevated
Heliports
GA TRANSPORT HOSPITAL
Elevation TLOF elevation is above FATO and TLOF TLOF elevation is above
the elevation of the elevations are both above the elevation of the
FATO the elevation of the FATO
adjacent safety area
Obstacles Construct the TLOF Construct the FATO Construct the TLOF
above the level of any above the level of any above the level of any
obstacle in the FATO and obstacle in the safety area obstacle in the FATO and
safety area that cannot be that cannot be removed safety area that cannot be
removed removed
Edge N/A N/A Edge restraints of
restraints minimal height (no higher
than 4 inches (102 mm))
on ramps may project
above the elevation of the
edge of the TLOF
See Figure 2-9 and Figure 2-10 for elevated heliport configurations.
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Heliport Beacon
Lighted Wind Cone
Access Ramp
Elevated TLOF
Safety Net
In-pavement
TLOF Lighting
(See Note)
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2.7.7.5.1 Obstructions.
Elevator penthouses, cooling towers, exhaust vents, fresh-air vents, and
other elevated features can affect heliport operations. Establish control
mechanisms to ensure obstruction hazards are not installed after the
heliport is operational.
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Design the FATO and the safety area to be round if the TLOF is round.
The long axis of a rectangular FATO is aligned with the preferred flight path.
The minimum width and length of the FATO are shown in Table 2-1 for all three
types of heliports.
See Figure 2-6 for a depiction of the relationship of the TLOF to the FATO and the
safety area.
Design the distance between the TLOF, FATO, and safety area perimeters to be
equidistant regardless of the shape of the TLOF.
For HOSPITAL heliports, locate the FATO to provide ready access to the hospital’s
emergency room or to the intended destination for the patient.
At PPR heliports, the operator and heliport owner ensure all pilots using the facility
are thoroughly knowledgeable with all facility limitations when the operator of a
PPR heliport chooses not to provide additional FATO length.
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200 60
100 30
0 0
0 1 2 4 4 5 6
SITE ELEVATION (IN THOUSANDS OF FEET)
Example: Add 80 feet (24.4 m) to the basic FATO length for a site elevation of 3,200 feet (975 m).
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2.8.6.2 Elevation.
Elevate the FATO and TLOF above the level of any object in the safety
area that cannot be removed.
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Table 2-4. Minimum VFR Safety Area Width as a Function of Heliport Markings
GENERAL AVIATION, HOSPITAL, and PPR Heliports
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Figure 2-12. Non-load-bearing FATO and Safety Area over Water: GENERAL
AVIATION and HOSPITAL Heliports
Pier Taxiway
FATO Extends
Beyond Pier
On-Shore
Parking Apron
Safety area
extends beyond pier
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Pier
Taxiways
On-Shore
Parking Apron
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Fasten both the inside and outside edges of the safety net to a solid structure.
Construct nets of materials that are resistant to environmental effects.
Table 2-5 describes the differences in safety net design for rooftop and other
elevated heliports.
Table 2-5. Differences in Safety Net Design for Rooftop and Elevated Heliports
GA TRANSPORT HOSPITAL
Load Design the safety net to Design the safety net to Design the safety net to
have a load carrying have a load carrying have a load carrying
capability of 25 lbs/sq ft capability of 50 lbs/sq ft capability of 25 lbs/sq ft
(122 kg/sq m) (244 kg/sq m) (122 kg/sq m)
Elevation Design the safety net to Design the safety net to Design the safety net to
be at or below the be at or below the be at or below the
elevation of the TLOF elevation of the FATO elevation of the TLOF
See Figure 4-9 for safety net characteristics.
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0.75 X GW 0.75 X GW
Typical single wheel configuration
0.75 X GW 0.75 X GW
Typical dual wheel configuration
Cuff length
Contact Area
D
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2.11.1.1 Turf.
A well-drained and well-established turf that presents a smooth, dense
surface is usually the most cost-effective surface stabilization available. In
some combinations of climates and weather conditions, turf surfaces can
support the weight of many of the smaller helicopters for low frequency
use by private and corporate operators during much of the year. Turf
surfaces also provide reasonable protection against wind, rotor wash, or
water erosion. Climatic and soil conditions dictate the appropriate grass
species to use at the site. Find guidance on turf establishment in AC
150/5370-10.
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Preferred approach/departure
surface based on the
predominate wind direction
See detail
opposite
Approach/
departure Heliport
surface
(typical) 135
500 ft [152 m]
250 ft
[76 m]
500 ft
[152 m]
4,000 ft
[1,219 m]
250 ft
[76 m]
500 ft
[152 m]
8:1 Approach/Departure
2:1 Transitional Surface FATO
Surface
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1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
500 ft
[152 m]
S = 1,000 ft [305 m]
See Notes
R 886 ft [270 m]
See Notes
500 ft
[152 m]
R = 1,886 ft [575 m]
8:1 Approach/Departure
2:1 Transitional Surface FATO
Surface
Use any combination of straight portions of one curved portion using the following formula: S + R
≥ 1,886 ft (575 m) and R ≥ 886 ft (270 m), where S is the length of the straight portion(s) and R is
the radius of the turn. Note that any combination ≥ 1,886 ft (575 m) will work.
The minimum total length of the centerline of the straight and curved portion is 4,000 ft (1,219 m).
Helicopter takeoff performance may be reduced in a curve. Consider a straight portion along the
takeoff climb surface prior to the start of the curve to allow for acceleration.
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c. Ensure that obstacles do not penetrate both Area A and Area B, unless the FAA
determines that the penetration is not a hazard. Mark or light all such
penetrations. See paragraph 1.11 for more information on hazard determinations.
Figure 2-17. VFR HOSPTIAL and PPR Heliport Optional Lateral Extensions
of the 8:1 Approach/Departure Surface
[152 m]
[152 m]
500 ft
500 ft
FATO
250 ft [76 m]
100 ft [30.5 m]
ELEVATION VIEW
PLAN VIEW
2,000 ft [610 m]
8:1 Approach/Departure
2,000 ft [610 m]
Surface
FATO
FATO
Allow penetration(s) of Area A or Area B lateral extensions but not both, provided that
obstacles are marked or lighted and obstacles are not determined to be a hazard by the FAA.
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2.12.3.2 Develop heliport curved VFR approach/departure paths per the following
guidelines:
When including a curved portion in the approach/departure path,
confirm the sum of the radius of the arc defining the centerline and the
length of the straight portion originating at the FATO is not less than
1,886 feet (575 m).
Design the approach/departure path so the minimum radius of the
curve is 886 feet (270 m) and that the curve follows a 1,000-foot (305
m) straight section.
Design the approach/departure path so the combined length of the
centerline of the curved portion and the straight portion is 4,000 feet
(1,219 m).
For HOSPITAL and PPR heliports, consider use of lateral extensions,
as described in paragraph 2.12.2 subparagraph 4.
As an option, include one curve in VFR approach/departure paths.
As an option, design these paths to use the airspace above public lands,
such as freeways, railroads, lakes, or rivers.
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Figure 2-18. VFR HOSPITAL and PPR Heliport Optional Lateral Extension
of the Curved 8:1 Approach/Departure Surface
A
100 ft [30.5 m] See Note 2
S = 1,000 ft [305 m]
See Notes
B
]
10 m
,000 ft [6
2
A
See Note 2
100 ft [30.5 m]
R = 1886 ft [575 m]
500 ft
[152 m]
8:1 Approach/Departure
8:1 Lateral Extension FATO
Surface
The approach surface may consist of one curved portion preceded and/or followed by one straight
portion such that: S + R ≥ 1,886 ft (575 m) and R ≥ 886 ft (270 m), where S is the length of the
straight portion(s) and R is the radius of the turn. Note that any combination ≥ 1,886 ft (575 m)
will work.
The minimum total length of the centerline of the straight and curved portion is 4,000 ft (1,219 m).
Helicopter takeoff performance may be reduced in a curve. Consider a straight portion along the
takeoff climb surface prior to the start of the curve to allow for acceleration.
Allow penetration(s) of Area A or Area B lateral extensions but not both, provided that obstacles
are marked or lighted and obstacles are not determined to be a hazard by the FAA.
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Bidirectional
flight path marking
5 ft [1.5 m] 10 ft [3.0 m]
Minimum
1.5 ft
[0.5 m]
5 ft Lights (3 Minimum)
[1.5 m] 5 - 10 ft
[1.5 - 3.0 m] Spacing
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2.14.1 Specification.
Install a wind cone conforming to AC 150/5345-27, Specification for Wind Cone
Assemblies, to show the direction and magnitude of the wind. Use a color that provides
the best possible contrast to its background.
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Heliport
protection zone
length at
ground level
(See Note 2)
PLAN VIEW
ure surface
ach/depart
FATO 8:1 Appro
Heliport
protection zone
length at
ground level
(See Note 2)
ELEVATION VIEW
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3.1 General.
This chapter provides guidance on heliport taxiways, taxi routes, and helicopter parking.
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Centerline marking:
Continuous 6 in [152 mm] yellow line
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See Notes
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See Notes
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Safety Area
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Shoulder line
See Note 5 marking
Parking
area limit
See Note 5
0.27D
Approach/departure
TLOF FATO Safety Area surface
See Chapter 4 for guidance on heliport markings.
Design the parking positions so that the helicopters exit taxiing forward.
Minimum clearance between the arcs generated by the main rotor are:
a. for hover taxi operations, 0.28 D of the larger helicopter, but not less than 10 ft (3 m)
b. for ground taxi operations, 10 ft (3 m)
For paved taxiways and parking positions, the taxiway centerline leads directly into the parking
position centerline
See Table 3-1 for taxiway/taxi route width.
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Parking area
limit
0.83D circle
See Note 2
See Note 4
0.27D
See Note 4
TDPC Marking
Approach/departure
TLOF FATO Safety Area
surface
See Chapter 4 for guidance on heliport markings.
Minimum clearance between the tail rotor arcs generated by the main rotor arcs are:
a. for hover taxi operations, 0.28 D of the larger helicopter, but not less than 10 ft (3 m)
b. for ground taxi operations, 10 ft (3 m).
For paved taxiways and parking positions, the taxiway centerline leads directly into the parking
position centerline.
See Table 3-1 for taxiway/taxi route width.
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0.83D circle
See Note 4
See
Note 2
Approach/departure
TLOF FATO Safety Area Parking Area
surface
See Chapter 4 for guidance on heliport markings.
Minimum clearance between the tail rotor arcs generated by the main rotor arcs are:
a. for hover taxi operations, 0.28 D of the larger helicopter, but not less than 10 ft (3 m)
b. for ground taxi operations, 10 ft (3 m).
For paved taxiways and parking positions, the taxiway centerline leads directly into the parking
position centerline.
See Table 3-1 for taxiway/taxi route width.
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3.6.1 Location.
Guidelines for the location and clearances for helicopter parking include:
1. Locating aircraft parking areas outside of approach/departure surfaces. However, as
an option, allow aircraft parking areas under the transitional surfaces.
2. Locating the parking position to provide a minimum distance between the tail rotor
arc and any object, building, safety area, or other parking position for “turn-around”
parking positions. This minimum distance is 10 feet (3 m) for ground taxi operations
and the greater of 10 feet (3 m) or 0.28 D for hover taxi operations. See Figure 3-8.
3. Locating the parking position to provide a minimum distance between the main
rotor circle and any object, building, safety area, or other parking position for “taxi-
through” and “back-out” parking positions. The minimum distance is 10 feet (3 m)
for ground taxi operations and the greater of 10 feet (3 m) or 0.28 D for hover taxi
operations. See Figure 3-9.
Locating the parking position to provide a minimum distance between the main
rotor circle and the edge of any taxi route. Design parking positions such that the
helicopter taxis through, turns around, or backs out to depart. The minimum
distance is 0.28 D for “taxi-through” and “turn-around” parking areas, and 0.42 D
for “back-out” parking areas. See Figure 3-5, Figure 3-6, and Figure 3-7.
For TRANSPORT heliports, follow these additional helicopter parking guidelines:
a. Locate the parking position to provide a minimum distance between the tail
rotor arc and the edge of any taxi route. The standard for this distance is 0.42 D
but not less than 30 feet (9.1 m).
b. Do not design “back-out” parking positions at TRANSPORT heliports.
When possible, orient markings such that a pilot would be able to see incoming
traffic from the parking position.
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1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Security Fence
See Note 3
Caution sign
at gate See Note 4
Largest D the
parking position
will accommodate
Parking position
identifier
(Letter or number)
TDPC marking
Base the design of these parking positions on the understanding that the helicopter may pivot
about the mast prior to exiting the parking position.
This marking scheme is for paved areas only. For unpaved parking areas, all that is required is the
0.83 D marking.
Minimum clearance between the arcs generated by the main rotor arcs and fixed obstacles are:
a. for hover taxi operations, 0.28 D of the larger helicopter, but not less than 10 ft (3 m)
b. for ground taxi operations, 10 ft (3 m)
Minimum distance between tail rotor arcs is 0.28 D. If parking areas are different sizes, minimum
distance is 0.28 D of the larger design helicopter.
See Chapter 4 for guidance on heliport markings.
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Security Fence
See Note 2
Caution sign Passenger walkway
at gate
See Note 2
(Back-out only)
See Note 3
Caution sign
at gate
Largest D the
parking position
will accommodate
Parking position
identifier
(Letter or number)
Shoulder marking
This marking scheme is for paved areas only. For unpaved parking areas, all that is required is the
0.83 D marking.
Minimum clearance between 0.83 D parking circle and fixed objects is:
a. for hover taxi operations, 0.28 D, but not less than 10 ft (3 m)
b. for ground taxi operations, 10 ft (3 m).
Minimum distance between 0.83 D parking circle is 0.28 D. If parking areas are different sizes,
minimum distance is 0.28 D of the larger design helicopter.
See Chapter 4 for guidance on heliport markings.
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3.7.1 Parking position sizes are dependent upon the helicopter size. The clearance needed
between parking positions is dependent upon the type of taxi operations (ground taxi or
hover taxi) and the intended paths for maneuvering in and out of the parking position.
The more demanding requirement will dictate what space is needed at a particular site.
3.7.2 The parking area requirements for skid-equipped helicopters will be the most
demanding. The parking requirements for wheeled helicopters may be the most
demanding when the largest helicopter is a very large, wheeled aircraft (for example,
the S-61), and the skid-equipped helicopters are all much smaller. Design parking areas
based on hover taxi operations rather than ground taxi operations if wheel-equipped
helicopters taxi with wheels not touching the surface.
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Figure 3-10. Parking Position Identification, Size, and Weight Limitations – Paved
Areas, Turn-Around Parking
Passenger walkway
in black and white paint
TDPC marking
inner diameter=
1/2 D of design helicopter
1.5 ft [0.5 m] wide
yellow stripe
Centerline
12 in [305 mm] wide
yellow line Parking position
weight limitation
(If applicable)
in 3 ft [0.9 m] high
10 ft [3 m] yellow characters
outer diameter circle
6 in [152 mm] wide Parking position identifier
yellow line (Letter or number)
in 3 ft [0.9 m] high
yellow characters
This marking scheme is for paved areas only. For unpaved parking areas, all that is required is the
0.83 D marking, with optional TDPC marking.
See Chapter 4 for guidance on heliport markings.
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Figure 3-11. Parking Position Identification, Size, and Weight Limitations – Paved
Areas, “Taxi-through” and “Back-out” Parking
Passenger walkway
in black and white paint
Shoulder line
6 in [152 mm] wide
yellow line
0.83 D circle
6 in [152 mm] wide
Centerline yellow line
12 in [305 mm] wide
yellow line Parking position
weight limitation
(If applicable)
in 3 ft [0.9 m] high
10 ft [3 m] yellow characters
outer diameter circle
6 in [152 mm] wide Parking position identifier
yellow line (Letter or number)
in 3 ft [0.9 m] high
yellow characters
This marking scheme is for paved areas only. For unpaved parking areas, all that is required is the
0.83 D, with optional TDPC marking.
See Chapter 4 for guidance on heliport markings.
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3.8 Walkways.
At helicopter parking positions, provide marked ingress/egress walkways where
practicable.
Design the pavement to drain away from walkways so spilled fuel does not drain
onto walkways or toward parked helicopters.
Locate passenger walkways to minimize passenger exposure to various risks during
passenger loading and unloading.
For TRANSPORT heliports, provide marked ingress/egress walkways.
3.9 Fueling.
Design the heliport facility to allow fueling with the use of a fuel truck or a specific
fueling area with stationary fuel tanks. Guidelines for design of the fueling area include:
For ground-based heliports, do not locate fueling equipment in the TLOF or FATO.
Do not locate fueling equipment directly under the approach/departure surfaces.
Low profile fueling equipment can be located in the safety area if there is not
available room outside the safety area. Low profile fuel dispensing cabinets can be
located in one quadrant of a safety area if they are marked and lighted, and the other
three quadrants of the safety area are clear. Do not locate the dispensing cabinet
directly under approach/departure surfaces.
Design and mark fueling facilities to minimize the potential for helicopters to
collide with the dispensing equipment.
Design fueling areas so there is no object tall enough to be hit by the main or tail
rotor blades within a distance of D of the design helicopter from the center point of
the position where the helicopter would be fueled (providing a minimum of 0.42 D
clearance from the rotor tips). If this is not practical at an existing facility, install
long fuel hoses.
Provide area lighting of the fueling area if night fueling operations are
contemplated. Ensure any light poles do not constitute an obstruction hazard.
Various federal, state, and local requirements for petroleum handling facilities apply
to systems for storing and dispensing fuel. Guidance is provided in AC 150/5230-4,
Aircraft Fuel Storage, Handling, and Dispensing on Airports. Additional
information may be found in various National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
publications. For additional reference material, see Appendix E.
3.10 Tiedowns.
Install recessed tiedowns to accommodate extended or overnight parking of based
or transient helicopters.
Recess any tiedowns so they will not be a hazard to helicopters or a trip hazard for
personnel. As an option, highlight each tiedown point with a bright contrasting
color of paint for pedestrian safety.
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Ensure any depression associated with the tiedowns is of a diameter not greater than
half the width of the smallest helicopter landing wheel anticipated to be operated on
the heliport surface. In addition, provide storage for tiedown chocks, chains, cables,
and ropes off the heliport surface to avoid fouling landing gear.
Guidance on recessed tiedowns is provided in AC 20-35, Tiedown Sense.
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4.1 General.
This chapter provides guidance on heliport markings and lighting for all three types of
heliports and for paved and non-paved surfaces.
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To compensate for potential decreased visual cueing, increase the size of the safety
area to the extent practical when the standard heliport identification symbol “H” is
not used.
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1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
TLOF perimeter
marking
12 in [305 mm] wide Touchdown position
white line circle inner diameter-
1/2 D of design
helicopter
18 in [0.5 m] wide
yellow line
See Note 1
See Note 3
For GENERAL AVIATION and TRANSPORT heliports, mark the TLOF with a white “H”
marking (see Figure 4-3). For HOSPITAL heliports, see Figure 4-2, Detail A, for dimensions.
Place a 1-foot black bar 2 feet (0.6 m) below the “H” marking when it is necessary to distinguish
the preferred approach/departure direction.
See Figure 4-2, Detail B, for dimensions.
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1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
B
C E
“H” Size
Paint interior Standard Alternate
of “H” Dimension
TLOF marking TLOF marking
white or red.
See Note 6. A 10’-0”
[3 m] 0.3D
6’-8”
B [2 m] 0.66A
A F
1’-0”
C [0.3 m] 0.1A
0’-3”
E [76 mm] 0.02A
2’-0”
F [0.6 m] 0.2A
Detail A
Heliport identification symbol
No weight limit
5 in
[127 mm]
5 ft [1.5 m]
Square
minimum
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1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
30 ft [9.1 m]
10 ft [3 m]
30 ft [9.1 m] 10 ft [3 m]
10
D46
Touchdown/position circle
inner diameter = 1/2 D of
design helicopter
18 in [0.5 m] wide
yellow stripe
Standard TLOF perimeter strip of 12 inches (0.3 m) wide. See Figure 4-2 for “H”,
touchdown position, controlling dimension D, and weight limitation box dimensions.
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30 ft [9.1 m]
30 ft [9.1 m] 10 ft [3 m]
4
D46
6 in [152 mm] Stripe 10 ft [3 m]
Standard TLOF perimeter strip of 12 inches (0.3 m) wide. See Figure 4-2 for “H”,
touchdown position, controlling dimension D, and weight limitation box dimensions.
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TDPC marking
5 ft [1.5 m] min
5 ft [1.5 m] min
6 ft [1.8 m] max
5 ft [1.5 m] min
Detail A - FATO marking/retroreflective markers
See Notes 3 and 4.
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1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
TDPC
marking
0 ft [0 m] min
1 ft [0.3 m] 5 ft [ 1.5 m]
6 in [152 mm] max
5 ft [ 1.5 m] in
1 ft 5 ft [1.5 m] min
[0.3 m] 6 ft [1.8 m] max
5 ft [1.5 m] min
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Extended pavement/structure markings begin in-pavement with TLOF edge markings, and end at
the edge, of the extended pavement/structure.
Extended pavement/structure markings are 12 inches (0.3 m) wide black and white stripes on a
45° angle.
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The shaft of each arrow is 18 inches (0.5 m) in width and recommended length is 10
feet (3 m).
Use a color which provides good contrast against the background color of the
surface.
An arrow pointing toward the center of the TLOF depicts an approach direction.
An arrow pointing away from the center of the TLOF depicts a departure direction.
In the case of a flight path limited to a single approach direction or a single
departure path, the arrow marking is unidirectional (e.g., one arrowhead only). In
the case of a heliport with only a bidirectional approach/takeoff flight path
available, the arrow marking is bidirectional (e.g., two arrowheads).
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When necessary to minimize the possibility of being misread, place a bar under the
number.
See Figure 3-10 and Appendix D for additional parking position weight limit
information.
4.10 Walkways.
Figure 3-10 illustrates one marking scheme for walkways.
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1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
TLOF FATO
See paragraph 4.11 for guidance on removal of markings for permanent or temporary
heliport closures.
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Mount perimeter lights on the outer edge of the pavement or structure or the inner
edge of the safety net as an option when the pavement or structure is larger than the
TLOF.
Fall protection:
Recommended if
Safety net above 2.5 ft [0.8 m]
(Surrounding required if
the structure) above 4 ft [1.2 m]
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Preferred approach
15 ft [4.6 m]
25 ft [7.6 m]
max
In-pavement FATO
edge lights
25 ft [7.6 m]
max
In-pavement TLOF edge lights
1 ft [0.3 m]
TLOF FATO
Install in-pavement TLOF perimeter lights inside or outside within 1 ft (0.3 m) of the FATO and
TLOF respective perimeters. FATO lighting installation is optional but may be installed for
specific applications.
TLOF/FATO Lighting: 25 ft (7.6 m) maximum spacing, 4 lights per side minimum.
Approach Lighting: 15 ft (4.6 m) spacing. Elevated FATO omnidirectional lights (optional).
Install in-pavement edge light fixtures in accordance with the requirements of AC 150/5340-30.
For TLOF and FATO lighting requirements, see Appendix G.
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Preferred approach
25 ft [7.6 m]
max
25 ft [7.6 m]
max
TLOF FATO
Install in-pavement FATO and TLOF perimeter lights inside or outside within 1 ft (0.3 m) of the
FATO and TLOF respective perimeters.
Locate a light at each corner with additional lights uniformly spaced between the corner lights
with a maximum spacing of 25 feet (7.6 m) between lights.
Install an odd number of edge lights on each side to place lights along the centerline of the
approach.
Install elevated FATO lights 10 ft (3 m) outside the FATO perimeter.
TLOF/FATO Lighting: 25 ft (7.6 m) maximum spacing, 4 lights per side minimum.
Position the approach lights with 15 ft (4.6 m) spacing.
Elevated FATO omnidirectional lights. See Appendix G.
Ensure the elevated lights do not penetrate a horizontal plane at the TLOF elevation by more than
2 inches (51 mm).
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Ensure the elevated lights do not penetrate a horizontal plane at the TLOF edge
elevation by more than 2 inches (51 mm). See Figure 4-9.
4-20
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Safety
TLOF FATO area
Elevated FATO
Omnidirectional light
2 in [51 mm]
TLOF edge Elevation Max
-0.5% to -2%
grade
Pavement
Base course
10 ft [3 m]
shoulder
4-21
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
4.13.4 Floodlights.
The FAA has not evaluated floodlights for effectiveness in visual acquisition of a
heliport. Guidelines for the use and installation of floodlights includes:
TRANSPORT Heliports – Install floodlights to illuminate the helicopter parking
areas.
GENERAL AVIATION and HOSPITAL Heliports – Install floodlights to
illuminate the TLOF, the FATO, and/or the parking area if ambient light does not
suitably illuminate markings for night operations.
Mount these floodlights on adjacent buildings to eliminate the need for tall poles, if
possible. Place floodlights clear of the TLOF, the FATO, the safety area, the
approach/departure surfaces, and transitional surfaces and ensure floodlights and
their associated hardware do not constitute an obstruction hazard.
Aim floodlights down to provide adequate illumination on the apron and parking
surface.
Ensure floodlights that might interfere with pilot vision during takeoff and landings
are capable of being turned off by pilot control or at pilot request.
Note 1: Floodlights do not replace TLOF or FATO lighting recommendations.
Note 2: White lighting for heliport applications should not be activated until the aircraft
has landed and deactivated prior to takeoff.
4-22
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Distance to first
light (See Note)
4 Equal spaces
@ 15 ft [4.6 m]
=60 ft [18.3 m]
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1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
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1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
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5.1 General.
5.1.1 This chapter addresses design considerations for separate helicopter facilities on
airports. Helicopters can operate on airports without interfering with airplane traffic.
Operations can occur on existing airport infrastructure (e.g., on airport taxiways) or on
dedicated heliport facilities, as shown in Figure 5-1. Separate heliport facilities and
approach/departure procedures may be needed when the volume of airplane and/or
helicopter traffic affects operations.
5.1.2 At airports with interconnecting passenger traffic between helicopters and airlines,
provide gates at the terminal for helicopter boarding. People who use a helicopter to go
to an airport generally need convenient access to the airport terminal and the services
provided to airplane passengers.
5.1.3 Identify the location of the exclusive-use helicopter facilities, TLOFs, FATOs, safety
areas, approach/departure paths, and helicopter taxi routes and taxiways on the ALP.
Figure 5-1 shows an example of dedicated heliport facilities located on an airport. Other
potential heliport locations are on the roofs of passenger terminals or parking garages
serving passenger terminals.
5-1
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Runway 6-24
See Note
Taxiway B
Heliport
Approach/ Approach/
departure departure
surface surface
GA apron
Heliport
operations
5-2
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
5-3
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
5.9 Security.
Unless screening was carried out at the helicopter passengers’ departure location,
Transportation Security Administration regulations may require that a screening area
and/or screening be provided before passengers re-enter the airport’s secured areas. If
necessary, establish multiple helicopter parking positions and/or locations in the
terminal area to service helicopter passenger screening and/or cargo interconnecting
needs. Find information about passenger screening on the Transportation Security
Administration website https://www.tsa.gov/public/.
5-4
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
6.1 General.
This chapter provides guidance on heliport markings and lighting for GENERAL
AVIATION, TRANSPORT, and HOSPITAL heliports. Ensure that at least one of the
following visual references is visible or identifiable before the pilot proceeds visually
for departure/approach:
FATO lights.
TLOF lights.
Heliport Instrument Lighting System (HILS).
Heliport Approach Lighting System (HALS) or lead-in lights.
Visual Glideslope Indicator (VGSI).
Windsock or windsock light(s). See note below.
Heliport beacon. See note below.
Other facilities or systems approved by the Flight Technologies and Procedures
Division (AFS-400).
Locate windsock lights within 500 ft (152 m) of the TLOF.
6.1.1 Instrument flight procedures permit helicopter operations to continue during periods of
low cloud ceilings and reduced visibility. Instrument procedures include approach
procedures, departure procedures, and missed approach procedures.
6.1.2 The FAA establishes instrument approach procedures under FAA 8260-series Orders
overseen by the FAA Flight Procedures and Airspace Group. When a procedure applies
to a private (non-public) heliport, is developed for one specific user, or is developed by
a non-FAA service provider using unique FAA-approved instrument criteria, the
instrument procedure is a “special” instrument procedure. After approval by the FAA,
the special instrument procedure is issued to the operator approved to fly the procedure.
6.1.3 See Table 6-1 for instrument approach procedure requirements for precision
approaches, non-precision approaches, and approaches to point-in-space.
6-1
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
6-2
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
6.2 Planning.
This chapter addresses issues that heliport owners consider before requesting the
development of instrument approach/departure/missed approach procedures. The
standards and recommendations in this AC are not intended to be sufficient to design an
instrument procedure. A heliport sponsor should initiate early contact with the
appropriate FAA Flight Standards Office to plan for and establish instrument
procedures.
6.3 Airspace.
Those who design instrument approach/departure/missed approach procedures have
some flexibility in the design of such procedures. For this and other reasons, the
airspace required to support helicopter instrument approach/departure operations is
complex, and it does not lend itself to simple descriptions or the use of figures. Refer to
the latest revision of FAA 8260-series Orders for more detailed information on criteria
for developing helicopter instrument approach/departure/missed approach procedures.
6-3
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
FARA
150 ft
[46 m]
150 ft 1,225 ft [373 m]
[46 m]
300 ft
[91 m]
6-4
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
6-5
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
E
D
G
E
B
A
R
Optional TLOF
lights
3 Equal spaces
of 15 ft [4.6 m]
WING BAR
Lighted
30 ft [9.1 m] wind cone
15 ft [4.6 m]
5 Additional
omnidirectional
lights
3 Equal spaces of
50 ft [15.2 m]
TLOF FATO Wing bars and edge bars Perimeter enhancement light: Green
The illustrated HILS installation is appropriate for a minimally sized heliport at an elevation up to
1,000 ft (305 m) above MSL.
6-6
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
FARA
Precision
instrument
FATO
Heliport approach
light system (HALS)
10 light bars
@ 100 ft [30.5m] spacing
Edge bar
Wing bar
HALS
Perimeter enhancement light: Green
(Note: Elevated FATO edge lights are
also an option. Elevated FATO edge
lights would be placed outside the FATO
The illustrated heliport approach lighting system (HALS) relationship is appropriate for a heliport
located at an elevation up to 1,000 ft (305 m) above mean sea level.
The illustrated HILS has elevated FATO edge lights. In-pavement FATO edge lights, which are
also an option, would be placed just inside the FATO.
6-7
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
6.7.1 Siting.
The optimum location of a VGSI is on the extended centerline of the approach path
at a distance that brings the helicopter to a hover with the undercarriage between 3
and 8 feet (0.9 to 2.4 m) above the TLOF.
See Figure 6-4 for an illustration of VGSI clearance criteria.
To properly locate the VGSI, estimate the vertical distance from the undercarriage
to the pilot’s eye.
6-8
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Figure 6-4. Visual Glideslope Indicator (VGSI) Siting and Clearance Criteria
Obstacle clearance
plane
10
Heliport Approach
Centerline
10
Critical
object
VGSI
Plan View
1 Minimum clearance
VGSI
e sig n a l
o n -c o u rs
w e r lim it o f th e
Lo re nc e line
ea ra nc e re fe
Ob stacle cl
Elevation View
Pilot ’s eye
nal
VGSI o u rse sig
r li m it o f th e o n -c
Lo we
fe re n ce lin e
lea ra nc e re
O bs ta c le c
3 ft to 8 ft
[0.9 m to 2.4 m]
Elevation View
6-9
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
6-10
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
7.1 General.
This chapter provides guidance on heliport site safety elements which provide enhanced
safety for heliport operations.
7.2.1 Airspace.
Mark difficult-to-see objects to make them more conspicuous if they penetrate the
applicable object identification surfaces, as illustrated in Figure 7-1 and Figure 7-2.
Light difficult-to-see objects if a heliport supports operations between dusk and dawn.
The object identification surfaces in these two figures are described as follows:
In all directions from the safety area, except under the approach/departure paths, the
object identification surface starts at the safety area perimeter and extends out
horizontally for 100 feet (30.5 m).
The object identification surface starts from the outside edge of the FATO and
extends horizontally out for 800 feet (244 m) along the approach path under the
approach/departure surface. The object identification surface extends out for an
additional distance of 3,200 feet (975 m) along the approach path while rising on an
8:1 slope (8 units horizontal in 1 unit vertical) from this point. The object
identification surface is 100 feet (30.5 m) beneath the approach/departure surface
from the point 800 feet (244 m) from the FATO perimeter.
The width of this object identification surface under the approach/departure surface
increases as a function of distance from the safety area. The object identification
surface extends laterally to a point 100 feet (30.5 m) outside the safety area
perimeter from the safety area perimeter. The object identification surface extends
laterally 200 feet (61 m) on either side of the approach/departure path at the upper
end of the surface.
7-1
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Figure 7-1. Airspace Where Heliport Marking and Lighting are Recommended:
Straight Approach
200 ft
Object identification surface
[61 m]
500 ft
[152 m]
100 ft [30.5 m] R
200 ft
[61 m]
PLAN VIEW
FATO
800 ft [244 m] 3,200 ft [975 m]
ELEVATION VIEW
Approach/departure FATO Safety Area
surface
7-2
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Figure 7-2. Airspace Where Heliport Marking and Lighting are Recommended:
Curved Approach
3,200 ft [975 m]
200 ft
[61 m]
500 ft
[152 m]
Safety Area
100 ft [30.5 m]
From edge of
safety area
Object identification surface
100 ft [30.5 m] R 100 ft
[30.5 m]
Approach/departure
surface
100 ft [30.5 m] from pe)
edge of safety area (8:1 Slo 500 ft
pe) 400 ft [152 m]
(8:1 Slo [122 m]
FATO
ELEVATION VIEW
Approach/departure
FATO
surface
7-3
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
7.3.1 Security.
Provide a heliport with the appropriate means of keeping the operational areas clear of
people, animals, and vehicles. Use a method to control access depending upon the
helicopter location, type of operation, and types of potential intruders. Follow the
guidelines below for use of safety barriers and access control measures:
For ground-level heliports, erect a safety barrier around the helicopter operational
areas in the form of a fence or a wall. Other types of safety barriers may be used if
they provide adequate positive deterrent to persons inadvertently entering an
operational area.
Construct the safety barrier outside of the safety area and below the elevation of the
approach/departure and transitional surfaces.
If necessary, near the approach/departure paths, install the barrier well outside the
outer perimeter of the safety area.
Ensure any safety barrier is high enough to present a positive deterrent to persons
inadvertently entering an operational area but low enough to be non-hazardous to
helicopter operations. If the barrier is located under the approach/departure surface,
consider lighting the barrier for enhanced visibility for pilots.
For TRANSPORT heliports, control access to airside areas with adequate security
measures.
For GENERAL AVIATION and HOSPITAL heliports, control access to airside
areas in a manner commensurate with the barrier (for example, build fences with
locked gates).
Display a heliport caution sign similar to that shown in Figure 7-3 at all access
points.
As an option at HOSPITAL heliports, secure operational areas via the use of
security guards and a mixture of fixed and movable barriers.
7-4
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
CAUTION
HELICOPTER LANDING
AREA
SAFETY
Avoid front and rear
area of helicopter
Stay clear
of the
Avoid front and rear
tail rotor
area of helicopter
INSTRUCTIONS
AUTHORIZED
PERSONNEL
ONLY
7.3.3 Communications.
Use a Common Traffic Advisory Frequency (CTAF) radio to provide arriving
helicopters with heliport and traffic advisory information but do not use this radio to
7-5
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
control air traffic. Contact the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for
information on CTAF licensing.
7-6
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix A
A.1 General.
Preplanning emergency landing areas will result in safer and more effective air-support
operations. These facilities comprise rooftop emergency facilities and medical
emergency sites and are not for routine helicopter operations. Use the following as a
guide for developing EHLF facilities.
A.3.2 TLOF.
Design the TLOF per the following guidelines:
Size.
Design the TLOF to be square, rectangular, or circular in configuration
and centered within the EHLF. Design the length and width or diameter to
be at least the controlling dimension D of the largest aircraft expected to
use the EHLF.
Weight Capacity.
Design the TLOF to accommodate the maximum takeoff weight of the
design helicopter expected to use the EHLF.
Access.
Provide two pedestrian access points to the TLOF at least 90 degrees apart
with a minimum of 60 feet (18.3 m) TLOF perimeter separation.
A-1
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix A
Drainage.
Design the surface so drainage flows away from pedestrian access points,
with a maximum slope of 1.5 to 2.0 percent.
The example shown in the illustration indicates a 9,000 lb (4,082 kg) weight limitation in
the center of circle.
A-2
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix A
A.3.3 FATO.
Design the FATO to be at the same level as the TLOF.
Size.
Design the FATO to extend a distance of at least 45 feet (13.7 m) in all
directions from the center of the EHLF. For safe operation, provide
clearance of 0.28 D of the largest helicopter expected but not less than 20
feet (6.1 m) between the helicopter’s main and tail rotor blades and any
object that could be struck by these blades.
Obstructions.
As an option, design the FATO to be an imaginary surface outside the
TLOF and extending beyond the structure edge. Design the FATO to be
unobstructed and without penetration of obstacles such as parapets,
window washing equipment, penthouses, handrails, antennas, vents, etc.
A.3.6 Markings.
TLOF Perimeter.
Define the limits of the touchdown pad with a solid 12-inch (0.3 m) wide
red or orange line, as illustrated in Figure A-1.
Weight Capacity.
Mark the TLOF with the maximum takeoff weight of the design
helicopter, in units of thousands of pounds (for example, a number “9”
A-3
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix A
indicating 9,000 lbs (4,082 kg) GW), with each numeral ten feet (3 m) in
height, centered within the TLOF.
A.3.7 Access.
Stairs.
Provide a minimum of two rooftop access stairs, with no less than 150
degrees separation, connecting to the top floor of the structure, with at
least one providing access to the structure’s emergency staircase.
Doors.
Always keep the penthouse and stairwell rooftop access doors unlocked to
provide access to the EHLF. As an option, equip doors with “panic bar”
hardware and/or alarm them.
A.3.9 Lighting.
Shield ambient rooftop lighting to avoid affecting the pilot’s vision.
A-4
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix B
Pre-designated emergency landing areas (PELAs) are clear and level areas near the
scene of an accident or incident that the local emergency response team designates as
the place where the helicopter air ambulance is directed to land to transport an injured
person to a hospital. Provide such sites in various locations within a jurisdiction to
support fast response to medical emergencies and accidents. Pre-designating these areas
provides the opportunity to inspect potential sites in advance and to select sites that
have adequate clear approach/departure airspace and adequate clear ground space. See
the Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM), Chapter 10, for guidance on setting up
offsite scene or PELA landing sites.
B-1
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix B
B-2
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix C
This appendix contains selected helicopter data needed by a heliport designer. These data
represent the most critical weight, dimensional, or other data entry for that helicopter model,
recognizing that specific versions of the model may weigh less, be smaller in some features,
carry fewer passengers, etc.
Various helicopter manufacturers have provided this information. Confirm data by contacting the
manufacturer(s) of the specific helicopter(s) of interest.
Legend for Figure C-1 and Table C-1: Helicopter Dimensions and Data
C-1
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix C
OL
TR
RD
F H
I K
UCW
UCL
OL
TR
I
RD
H
F
K
UCW UCL
C-2
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix C
Number of Engines/
Overall Length (ft)
Crew Number/
Pax Number
Ground Clearance
Ground Clearance
Number of Blades
Number of Blades
Tail Rtr Circle
Type
Manufacturer/
Diameter (ft)
Diameter (ft)
Length (ft)
Radius (ft)
Width (ft)
Model
Type
(ft)
(ft)
A B D OL H RD E F TR I J K L UCL UCW M N
AgustaWestland
1-2&
A-109A 5,732 42.8 42.8 11.2 36.1 4 10 25 6.7 2 2.3 wheel 11.6 7.5 2-T
6-7
A-119 Koala 5,997 42.7 42.7 12.4 36.6 4 8.3 25.5 6.4 2 4.2 skid 13.4 5.5 1-T 1&6-7
AW-109E Power 6,283 42.8 42.8 11.5 36.1 4 8 6.4 2 3 wheel 11.5 7.1 2-T 1&7
1-2&
AW-109S Grand 7,000 42.5 42.5 11.2 35.5 4 8 6.4 2 3.3 wheel 12.3 7.1 2-T
6-7
AW-119 Ke 6,283 42.4 42.4 11.8 35.5 4 9.3 6.4 2 3.8 skid 11.1 7 1-T 1&6-7
1-2&
AW-139 14,991 54.7 54.7 16.4 42.6 5 12.9 8.9 4 7.5 wheel 14.2 10 2-T
15
AW-101 34,392 74.8 74.8 21.7 61 5 15.4 45 13.1 8.4 wheel 23 14.8 3-T 3&30
Westland WG30 12,800 52.2 52.2 15.5 43.7 4 12.5 31 8 4 7.5 wheel 17.9 10.1 2+T 2&19
Bell Helicopter
47G 2,950 43.6 43.6 9.3 37.1 2 5 25 6.1 2 3.5 skid 9.9 7.5 1-P 1&2-3
205B, UH-1H,
10,500 57.8 57.8 14.5 48 2 7.3 33.1 8.5 2 5.9 skid 12.1 8.8 1-T 1&14
Huey II, 210
206B-1,2,3 3,350 39.2 39.2 10.8 33.4 2 6 22.5 5.2 2 2.1 skid 8.1 6.7 1-T 1&4
206L-1,3,4 4,450 42.4 42.4 10.9 37 2 6.4 24 5.4 2 3.5 skid 9.9 7.7 1-T 1&6
212 11,200 57.3 57.3 14.9 48.2 2 7.5 22.2 8.5 2 6.1 skid 12.1 8.8 2-T 1&14
wheel/ 2&16-
214ST 17,500 62.2 62.2 15.9 52 2 6.5 37 9.7 2 3.5 12.1 8.6 2-T
skid 17
wheel/
222B, UT 8,250 50.3 50.3 12.2 42 2 9.2 29.2 6.9 2 2.7 12.2 7.8 2-T 1&9
skid
wheel/
230 8,400 50.3 50.3 11.7 42 2 9.2 29.2 6.9 2 2.7 12.2 7.8 2-T 1&9
skid
407 5,250 41.4 41.4 10.2 35 4 7.8 24.3 5.4 2 3.2 skid 9.9 8.1 1-T 1&6
412EP, SP, HP 11,900 56.2 56.2 14.9 46 4 11.5 34 8.6 2 4.8 skid 12.1 9.5 2-T 1&14
427VFR 6,550 42.6 42.6 10.5 37 4 6.4 24.1 5.7 2 3.3 skid 10 8.3 2-T 1&7
429 7,000 43 43 13.3 36 4 8.5 5.4 2 3.5 skid 9.9 8.8 2-T 1&7
wheel/
430 9,300 50.3 50.3 13.3 42 4 8.2 29.2 6.9 2 3.7 12.4 9.2 2-T 1&9
skid
C-3
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix C
Number of Engines/
Overall Length (ft)
Crew Number/
Pax Number
Ground Clearance
Ground Clearance
Number of Blades
Number of Blades
Tail Rtr Circle
Type
Manufacturer/
Diameter (ft)
Diameter (ft)
Length (ft)
Radius (ft)
Width (ft)
Model
Type
(ft)
(ft)
A B D OL H RD E F TR I J K L UCL UCW M N
Boeing
107/CH-46E 24,300 84.3 84.3 16.7 51 3 15 59 51 3 17 wheel 24.9 14.5 2-T 3&25
Brantly/Hynes
B-2B 1,670 28.1 28.1 6.9 23.8 3 4.8 16 4.3 2 3 skid 7.5 6.8 1-P 1&1
wheel/
305 2,900 32.9 32.9 8.1 28.7 3 8 19 4.3 2 3 6.2 6.8 1-P 1&4
skid
Enstrom
F-28F/280FX 2,600 29.3 29.3 9 32 3 6 20.6 4.7 2 3.1 skid 8 7.3 1-P 1&2
480B/TH-28 3,000 30.1 30.1 9.7 32 3 6.5 21.2 5 2 3.6 skid 9.2 8 1-T 1&4
Erickson
Eurocopter
SA-315 Lama 5,070 42.3 42.3 10.2 36.2 3 10.1 20 6.3 3 3.2 skid 10.8 7.8 1-T 1&4
SA-316/319
4,850 33.4 33.4 9.7 36.1 3 9.8 27.7 6.3 3 2.8 wheel 11.5 8.5 1-T 1&4
Alouette
SA-330 Puma 16,315 59.6 59.6 16.9 49.5 4 14.4 35 10 5 6 wheel 13.3 9.8 2-T 2&20
SA/AS-332, Super
20,172 61.3 61.3 16.3 53.1 4 14.6 36 10 5 7.1 wheel 17.3 9.8 2-T 2&24
Puma
SA-341/342
4,100 39.3 39.3 10.2 34.5 3 8.9 23 Fenestron 2.4 skid 6.4 6.6 1-T 1&4
Gazelle
AS-350 A Star 4,960 42.5 42.5 11 35.1 3 10.6 25 6.1 2 2.3 skid 4.7 7.5 1-T 1&6
AS-355 Twin Star 5,732 42.5 42.5 9.9 35.9 3 10.3 25 6.1 2 2.3 skid 9.6 7.1 2-T 1&6
AS-360 Dauphin 6,600 43.3 43.3 11.5 37.7 4 10.7 25 Fenestron 2.6 wheel 23.7 6.4 1-T 1&13
AS-365
Dauphin/H-65 9,480 45.1 45.1 13.3 39.2 4 11.4 24 Fenestron 2.6 wheel 11.9 6.2 2-T 1&11
Dolphin
BO-105 5,732 38.9 38.9 11.5 32.3 4 9.8 23 6.2 2 6.1 skid 8.3 8.2 2-T 1&5
BK-117 7,385 42.7 42.7 12.6 36.1 4 11 25 6.4 2 6.3 skid 11.6 8.2 2-T 1&10
EC-120 3,780 37.8 37.8 11.2 32.8 3 10.1 24.6 Fenestron 2.1 skid 9.4 6.8 1-T 1&4
EC-130 5,291 41.5 41.5 11.8 35.1 3 11 23.7 Fenestron 5.3 skid 10.5 7.9 1-T 1&7
C-4
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix C
Number of Engines/
Overall Length (ft)
Crew Number/
Pax Number
Ground Clearance
Ground Clearance
Number of Blades
Number of Blades
Tail Rtr Circle
Type
Manufacturer/
Diameter (ft)
Diameter (ft)
Length (ft)
Radius (ft)
Width (ft)
Model
Type
(ft)
(ft)
A B D OL H RD E F TR I J K L UCL UCW M N
EC-135 6,250 40 40 11.5 33.5 4 11 22.8 Fenestron 5.6 skid 10.5 6.6 2-T 1&6
EC-145/ UH-72A 7,904 42.7 42.7 13 36.1 4 11.3 28 6.4 2 10.7 skid 9.5 7.9 2-T 1&8
EC-155 10,692 46.9 46.9 14.27 41.3 5 12 23 Fenestron 3.1 wheel 12.8 6.2 2-T 2&12
EC-225 24,332 64 64 16.3 53.1 5 15.1 38 10.3 4 3.5 wheel 17.2 9.8 2-T 2&24
Kaman
K-Max/ K1200 7,000 52 52 21 48.2 4 10.7 28 n a n/a wheel 15.3 11.3 1-T 1&0
SH-2G Seasprite 14,200 52.5 52.5 15.1 44 4 8.1 4 wheel 2-T 3&8
MD Helicopters
500E 3,000 30.8 30.8 8.4 26.4 5 8.2 4.6 2 2 skid 8.1 6.3 1-T 1&4
530F 3,100 32.1 32.1 8.1 27.4 5 8 19 4.8 2 1.3 skid 8.1 6.4 1-T 1&4
520N 3,350 32.1 32.1 9.7 27.4 5 9.2 17 NOTAR n/a skid 8.1 6.3 1-T 1&4
600N 4,100 36.9 36.9 9.8 27.5 6 9.2 NOTAR n/a skid 10.1 8.8 1-T 1&7
1-2&
Explorer/ 902 6,500 38.8 38.8 12 33.8 5 12 23 NOTAR n/a skid 7.3 7.3 2-T
6-7
Robinson
R-22 Beta 1,370 28.8 28.8 8.9 25.2 2 8.8 16 3.5 2 4.1 skid 4.2 6.3 1-P 1&1
R-44 Raven 2,500 38.3 38.3 10.8 33 2 10.5 22 4.8 2 3.8 skid 4.2 7.2 1-P 1&3
R-66 Turbine 2,700 38.3 38.3 11.4 33 2 10.5 5 2 3.6 skid 4.2 7.5 1-T 1&4
Fairchild-Hiller/
Rogerson-Hiller
360/UH-12/OH-
3,100 40.8 40.8 10.2 35.4 2 10.1 23 6 2 4 skid 8.3 7.5 1-P 1&3
23
FH/RH-1100 3,500 41.3 41.3 9.2 35.3 2 9.5 24 6 2 3 skid 7.9 7.2 1-T 1&4
Sikorsky/
Schweizer
HU-269A/A-1/B,
1,850 29 29 9 26 3 8.8 15 3.8 2 2.5 skid 8.3 6.5 1-P 1&1
TH55A
300C 2,050 30.8 30.8 8.7 26.8 3 8.7 15.3 4.3 2 2.8 skid 8.3 6.5 1-P 1&2
300CB/CBi 1,750 30.8 30.8 8.7 26.8 3 8.7 15.3 4.3 2 2.8 skid 8.3 6.5 1-P 1&1
330/330SP/ 333 2,550 31.2 31.2 11 27.5 3 9.2 15.3 4.3 2 3.2 skid 8.3 6.5 1-T 1&2-3
S-434 2,900 31.2 31.2 11 27.5 4 9.2 15.3 4.3 2 3.2 skid 8.3 6.5 1-T 1&2-3
C-5
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix C
Number of Engines/
Overall Length (ft)
Crew Number/
Pax Number
Ground Clearance
Ground Clearance
Number of Blades
Number of Blades
Tail Rtr Circle
Type
Manufacturer/
Diameter (ft)
Diameter (ft)
Length (ft)
Radius (ft)
Width (ft)
Model
Type
(ft)
(ft)
A B D OL H RD E F TR I J K L UCL UCW M N
S-58/H34 14,600 65.8 65.8 15.9 56 4 11.4 38 9.5 4 6.4 wheel 28.3 14 2-T 2&16
S-61/H-3 22,000 72.8 72.8 19 62 5 12.3 40 10.3 5 8.6 wheel 23.5 14 2-T 3&28
S-76A/B/C/D 11,700 52.5 52.5 14.6 44 4 8.2 30.5 8 4 6.5 wheel 16.4 8 2-T 2&12
S-92 26,500 68.5 68.5 17.9 56.3 4 9.8 39.9 11 4 6.9 wheel 20.3 10.4 2-T 2&19
S-70i/UH-60L
22,000 64.8 64.8 16.8 53.8 4 7.7 38 11 4 6.6 wheel 29 9.7 2-T 3&12
Blackhawk
CH-53K 74,000 99.5 99.5 27.8 79 7 17 59.6 20 4 9.5 wheel 27.3 13 3-T 3&55
C-6
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix D
The form and proportion of numbers and letters for marking TLOF and parking area size and
weight limitations are shown in the two figures below for both 36-inch (0.9 m) and 18-inch
(0.5 m) numbers.
D-1
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix D
Figure D-1. Form and Proportions of 36-inch (0.9 m) Numbers for Marking Size
and Weight Limitations
7 in [178 mm]
14 in
10 in [254 mm] [355 mm]
Vertical
stroke
2 ft [0.6 m]
12 in [305 mm]
10 in [254 mm]
12 in [305 mm]
12 in [305 mm]
23 in
[584 mm]
3 in
16 in 13 in
[76 mm]
[406 mm] [330 mm]
5 in
[127 mm]
2 in [51 mm] 5 in [127 mm]
D-2
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Appendix D
1.25 in
4.80 in [122 mm] Horizontal
[32 mm] 2.40 in
1.8 in [46 mm] stroke 2.40 in
[61 mm]
[61 mm]
2 PL
3.60 in
[91 mm] 7.20 in
[183 mm]
Vertical 4.80 in
stroke [122 mm]
12 in [305 mm]
6 in 6 in [152 mm]
6 in 4.80 in [122 mm] [152 mm]
[152 mm]
6.60 in
[168 mm]
2.19 in
[56 mm]
11.40 in
[290 mm]
1.34 in
7.8 in 7.33 in
[34 mm]
[198 mm] [186 mm]
2.40 in
[61 mm]
1.20 in [30 mm] 2.40 in
[61 mm]
6 in 12 in
[152 mm] [305 mm]
D-3
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Appendix D
D-4
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix E
E.1 Current Electronic Code of Federal Regulations (e-CFRs) are available from the
Government Printing Office website https://www.ecfr.gov/.
14 CFR Part 27 Airworthiness Standards: Normal Category Rotorcraft
14 CFR Part 29 Airworthiness Standards: Transport Category
Rotorcraft
14 CFR Part 77 Safe, Efficient Use, and Preservation of the Navigable
Airspace
14 CFR Part 91 General Operating and Flight Rules
14 CFR Part 121 Air Carrier Certification
14 CFR Part 135 Operating Requirements: Commuter and on demand
operations and rules governing persons on board such
aircraft
14 CFR Part 139 Certification of Airports
14 CFR Part 151 Federal Aid to Airports
14 CFR Part 152 Airport Aid Program
14 CFR Part 157 Notice of Construction, Alteration, Activation, and
Deactivation of Airports
29 CFR Part 1910 Occupational Safety and Health Standards
29 CFR Part 1926 Safety and Health Regulations for Construction
E-1
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix E
E.3 Technical reports are available at the National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
website https://www.ntis.gov/.
FAA/RD-84/25 Evaluating Wind Flow Around Buildings on Heliport
Placement, National Technical Information Service
(NTIS) accession number AD-A153512
FAA/RD-92/15 Potential Hazards of Magnetic Resonance Imagers to
Emergency Medical Service Helicopter Services,
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
accession number AD-A278877
Roadmap for Performance Based Navigation (PBN)
E.4 FAA 8260-series Orders, various on flight procedures, airspace, and others.
FAA Order 8260.3 U.S. Standard for Terminal Instrument Procedures
(TERPS)
FAA Order 8260.54 U.S. Standard for Area Navigation (RNAV)
FAA Order 8260.58 U.S. Standard for Performance Based Navigation
(PBN)
FAA Order 1050.1 Environmental Impacts: Policies and Procedures
FAA Order 5050.4 National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
Implementing Instructions for Airport Actions
FAA Order JO 7400.2 Procedures for Handling Airspace Matters
E-2
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix E
E-3
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Appendix E
E-4
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix F
Proponent
electronically Airports Division
Proponent desires
submits to ADO Specialist reviews
a heliport
the 7480-1, provided data
sketch, map
If required, assigned
ADO unlocks the OEAAA notifies the
Aviation Safety Inspector
Regional NextGen Flight Standards
(ASI) completes the
Branch (RNGB) for Division Office
inspection and forwards
comment in iOE/AAA (FSDO)
the results to the RNGB
Letter of Determination
RNGB completes the ADO issues a Letter
and FAA Form 5010-3/5
Flight Standards of Determination
are forwarded to the
response to the ADO
proponent for completion
ADO forwards
Proponent returns NFDC completes Heliport
information to
completed 5010 to the ID and issues to
National Flight Data
ADO proponent
Center (NFDC)
Proponent
Proponent receives Proponent notifies RNGB/
completes annual
heliport location ID ADO of any changes
obstacle inspection
Process complete
F-1
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix F
F-2
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix G
The approach path data were converted to the corresponding angle of elevation from the
heliport perimeter lighting as a function of range. The mean angle of elevation and the
upper and lower limits of the vertical beam spread will increase as the range from the
heliport decreases. By controlling the vertical intensity distribution of the heliport
perimeter lighting as a function of elevation, it is ensured that the lighting is sufficiently
bright to be seen at the required range without glare at closer ranges.
G-1
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix G
0 to 15 degrees 16 to 90 degrees
Color Minimum Minimum average Minimum
intensity
Green 10 15 5
See AC 150/5345-46D, Specification/or Runway and Taxiway Light Fixtures, paragraph
3.3, Photometric Requirements, for detailed measurement methods and requirements.
12
10
Intensity (cd)
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Approach Angle (deg)
G-2
1/5/2023 AC 150/5390-2D
Appendix G
G.4.2 Reports.
At the conclusion of all testing, the manufacturer will generate a report that details the
photometric testing results in the laboratory per paragraph G.4.1.
G.4.3 Production.
All subsequent L-860H and L-852H light fixture production will be based upon the
documented results of testing, per paragraph G.4.1.
G-3
Advisory Circular Feedback
If you find an error in this AC, have recommendations for improving it, or have suggestions for
new items/subjects to be added, you may let us know by (1) mailing this form to Manager,
Airport Engineering Division, Federal Aviation Administration ATTN: AAS-100, 800
Independence Avenue SW, Washington DC 20591 or (2) faxing it to the attention of the Office
of Airport Safety and Standards at (202) 267-5383.
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