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    Conditionals New

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    darkarch219
    The document discusses the different types of conditional sentences in English: - The Zero Conditional uses present simple verbs to describe facts or cause-and-effect relationships that are always true. - The First Conditional uses present simple in the if-clause and "will" plus an infinitive in the main clause to talk about possible future events. - The Second Conditional uses past simple in the if-clause and "would" plus an infinitive to describe unlikely or hypothetical scenarios. - The Third Conditional uses past perfect in the if-clause and "would have" plus a present perfect verb to talk about regrets about the past.

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    Conditionals New

    Uploaded by

    darkarch219
    21 views5 pages
    The document discusses the different types of conditional sentences in English: - The Zero Conditional uses present simple verbs to describe facts or cause-and-effect relationships that are always true. - The First Conditional uses present simple in the if-clause and "will" plus an infinitive in the main clause to talk about possible future events. - The Second Conditional uses past simple in the if-clause and "would" plus an infinitive to describe unlikely or hypothetical scenarios. - The Third Conditional uses past perfect in the if-clause and "would have" plus a present perfect verb to talk about regrets about the past.

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    conditionals explained

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    The document discusses the different types of conditional sentences in English: - The Zero Conditional uses present simple verbs to describe facts or cause-and-effect relationships that are always true. - The First Conditional uses present simple in the if-clause and "will" plus an infinitive in the main clause to talk about possible future events. - The Second Conditional uses past simple in the if-clause and "would" plus an infinitive to describe unlikely or hypothetical scenarios. - The Third Conditional uses past perfect in the if-clause and "would have" plus a present perfect verb to talk about regrets about the past.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    21 views5 pages

    Conditionals New

    Uploaded by

    darkarch219
    The document discusses the different types of conditional sentences in English: - The Zero Conditional uses present simple verbs to describe facts or cause-and-effect relationships that are always true. - The First Conditional uses present simple in the if-clause and "will" plus an infinitive in the main clause to talk about possible future events. - The Second Conditional uses past simple in the if-clause and "would" plus an infinitive to describe unlikely or hypothetical scenarios. - The Third Conditional uses past perfect in the if-clause and "would have" plus a present perfect verb to talk about regrets about the past.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    The Zero Conditional – (Type 0)

    The Zero Conditional is the simplest form of all the conditionals in


    English. It is formed in the following way:

    If + present simple, … present simple

    This is used when the result always happens. In other words, you can
    use this conditional for facts or cause and effects, whether what you’re
    speaking about is a scienti c fact or a fact that’s only true for you.

    For example:

    • If it rains a lot, we don’t need to water the grass in the yard. (Cause
    -> Effect)
    • If I eat a lot of sweets, I get sick afterwards. (Cause -> Effect)
    • If I press the “on” button, the TV turns on. (Fact)
    • I eat if I am hungry. (Fact)

    The First Conditional (Type 1)


    The First Conditional is formed in the following way:

    If + present simple, … will + in nitive

    The rst conditional is used to talk about things that might happen in the
    future if a condition is present. We don’t know if those things will happen
    or not, but they are a real possibility.

    This is used to talk about things that may happen in the future if a
    condition is met. While we can’t predict exactly what will happen in the
    future, the First Conditional allows us to talk about what we think will
    happen or what we would like to happen.

    For example:

    • If I get paid today, I will send you the money I owe you.
    • If it snows, you will have off of school.
    fi
    fi
    fi
    • I will tell her to call you if I see her.
    • We will go for a walk later if the weather improves.

    We don’t use will in the if clause.

    • I’ll help you if you need me (NOT if you will need me)

    Unless = if (not)

    We can also use unless in conditional sentences to mean if


    … (not)

    • I won’t go on holiday unless I save some money. =


    • = I won’t go on holiday if I don’t save some money.

    First vs. zero conditional

    We use the rst conditional to talk about a particular situation, whereas


    we use the zero conditional to talk about what happens in general.

    • If you don’t use oil, it tastes awful. (I’m talking about what happens
    every time.)
    • If you don’t use oil, it will taste awful. (I’m talking about this
    particular occasion.)

    The Second Conditional (Type 2)


    Unlike the rst two conditionals, the Second Conditional has two
    different uses but is formed one way. This is how:

    If + past simple, … would + in nitive verb

    We call this the “dream clause” because it is used for things that would
    happen in the future, but the condition is so unlikely, that the result is
    fi
    fi
    fi
    (basically) a dream! Forget it! You can use the Second Conditional to
    talk about your wildest dreams, for example, or any “what if” scenarios
    (situations, conditions).

    Here are a few examples:

    •If I won the lottery, I would buy a boat. (Very, very unlikely that you
    will win the lottery)
    • If you met Elon Musk, he would give you a Tesla. (Also very
    unlikely you will meet him.)
    The second use of the Second Conditional is to talk about a situation
    or scenario in the present (would + in nitive verb), which is impossible
    to happen because the condition (if + past simple) isn’t the reality
    (untrue). This can also be a hypothetical situation.

    For example:

    • If he had your number, he would call you. (He doesn’t have your
    number (condition is untrue), so he can’t call you (impossible to
    happen).)
    • If I were you, I wouldn’t go out with her. (I am not you (condition is
    untrue), so now I won’t go out with her (impossible).)
    • Would you have lived abroad if you had the chance? (You don’t
    have the chance, but if you did…)
    All in all, the Second Conditional is much more unlikely than the First
    Conditional.

    We use the second conditional to talk about hypothetical or imaginary


    situations in the present or the future. We can use past simple or past
    continuous in the if-clause and we can use would, could or might +
    simple in nitive (do) or continuous in nitive (be doing) in the main
    clause.

    • If there was a re, it would be impossible to escape.


    • If you weren’t making so much noise, I could concentrate.
    • I wouldn’t have a car if I lived in the city.
    • If it weren’t for him, I might not be talking to you right now.
    fi
    fi
    fi
    fi
    When we use the verb be in the if-clause, we can use either was
    (more formal) or were (spoken English) after I, he, she or it. But
    when we are giving advice, we always use if I were you (NOT was).

    • If he was/were rich, he wouldn’t be living in this house.


    • If I were you, I’d call him as soon as possible. (NOT was)
    As with all conditional types, we use a comma after the if-clause
    when it goes at the beginning of the sentence, but we don’t use a
    comma when the if-clause goes at the end.

    • If you weren’t making so much noise, I could concentrate.


    • I could concentrate if you weren’t making so much noise.

    The Third Conditional (Type 3)


    Finally, the Third Conditional is the last of the conditionals in English.
    This is how it is formed:

    If + past perfect, … would + present perfect.

    The Third Conditional talks about the past. It talks about something
    that didn’t happen, but you’re imagining the outcome now, just for fun.
    Maybe you regret (feel sorry about something, wish you had done
    something else) a decision you made. When you think about it, you feel
    maybe stupid that you didn’t do something else.

    For example:

    • If I had noticed it was sunny this morning, I would have gone for a
    walk. (But it’s not morning anymore and I don’t have time now to
    go for a walk. Bummer! No walk today.)
    • If we had left earlier, we wouldn’t have missed our train. (Bummer!
    Now we have to wait for the next train and we will be late to
    dinner.)
    • I would have started my English training sooner if I had known I
    was going to need English in my job! (I could have used my time
    better, earlier!)
    The Third Conditional is useful when either daydreaming or thinking
    about what could have been.

    Considering If+past simple, Could/ Would +


    Optoins(Testing the infinitive
    water)
    How your ideas come
    across the other side If we ordered double, could you
    Hypothetical/ polite give us discount?
    If you gave us a discount, we
    would order more.

    Bargaining (Exchange If+present simple, Can/Will


    one thing for another) +infinitive

    Real/Direct,
    If we order 500, can/will you
    give us a 5% discount?
    If you give us a 5% discount,
    we’ll order 500.

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