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    Condis

    Uploaded by

    Alfonso Jaén

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Condis

    Uploaded by

    Alfonso Jaén
    3 views5 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    3 views5 pages

    Condis

    Uploaded by

    Alfonso Jaén

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 5

    Zero conditional

    We use the zero conditional to talk about general truths or results that
    always happen if a condition is present. We are talking in general, not
    about one particular situation.

    • If milk smells bad, I don’t drink it.


    • If water reaches 100 degrees, it boils.
    • If I’ve drunk, I never drive.
    • If people are talking all the time, I can’t concentrate.

    We can put the main clause at the beginning. Then we don’t use a
    comma between the two clauses.

    • I never go to bed late if I have to get up early.

    We can usually replace the if in this conditional with when without


    changing the meaning.

    • Dogs can attack you when you are scared.


    • When the weather is bad, people don’t go shopping.

    First conditional

    The first conditional is used to talk about things that might happen in the
    future if a condition is present. We don’t know if those things will happen
    or not, but they are a real possibility.

    • If you study, you’ll pass.


    • If he doesn’t call you, tell me immediately.
    • If you’ve come to class, the exam is going to be easy.
    • If you help me, I’ll have finished by the end of the month.

    We don’t use will in the if clause.

    • I’ll help you if you need me (NOT if you will need me)

    Unless = if (not)
    We can also use unless in conditional sentences to mean if … (not)

    • I won’t go on holiday unless I save some money. =


    • = I won’t go on holiday if I don’t save some money.

    First vs zero conditional

    We use the first conditional to talk about a particular situation, whereas


    we use the zero conditional to talk about what happens in general.

    • If you don’t use oil, it tastes awful. (I’m talking about what happens
    every time.)
    • If you don’t use oil, it will taste awful. (I’m talking about this
    particular occasion.)

    Second conditional

    We use the second conditional to talk about hypothetical or imaginary


    situations in the present or the future. We can use past simple or past
    continuous in the if-clause and we can use would, could or might +
    simple infinitive (do) or continuous infinitive (be doing) in the main clause.

    • If there was a fire, it would be impossible to escape.


    • If you weren’t making so much noise, I could concentrate.
    • I wouldn’t have a car if I lived in the city.
    • If it weren’t for him, I might not be talking to you right now.

    When we use the verb be in the if-clause, we can use either was (more
    formal) or were (spoken English) after I, he, she or it. But when we are
    giving advice, we always use if I were you (NOT was).

    • If he was/were rich, he wouldn’t be living in this house.


    • If I were you, I’d call him as soon as possible. (NOT was)

    As with all conditional types, we use a comma after the if-clause when it
    goes at the beginning of the sentence, but we don’t use a comma when
    the if-clause goes at the end.

    • If you weren’t making so much noise, I could concentrate.


    • I could concentrate if you weren’t making so much noise.

    Third conditional
    We use the third conditional to talk about hypothetical or imaginary
    situations in the past. We can use the past perfect simple or past perfect
    continuous in the if-clause and we can use would, could or might + the
    perfect infinitive in the main clause.

    • If you had come to class more often, you would have passed the
    test.
    • I wouldn’t have been late if I hadn’t overslept.
    • He could have died if he hadn’t been wearing a helmet.
    • If the jacket had been a bit cheaper, I might have bought it.

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